JPH04208670A - Electrical point switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an electrical point switch which possesses high reliability and for which maintenance is easy by detecting the revolution speed difference between the input side rotor and output side rotor of a clutch part and calculating the load torque from the revolution speed difference. CONSTITUTION:An electrical point switch is constituted of a driving source 1, clutch part 2, and a load 3 including a reduction gear mechanism part 31, operating rod 32, and a branching device 33, and in the clutch part 2, an input side rotor 21 and an output side rotor 22 are electromagnetic-induction-connected so that the revolution difference is generated between both according to the load torque applied on the output side rotor 22. In this case, revolution sensors 51 and 52 for detecting each revolution speed of the input side and output side rotors 21 and 22d are installed, and the revolution speed difference between both is supplied into a calculation processing part 6. The load torque is calculated from the revolution speed difference on the basis of the characteristic curve of the load torque - revolution speed difference in the calculation processing part 6.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an electric switching machine having a clutch portion in which an input side rotor is connected to a drive source and an output side rotor is connected to a load. The rotor and the output rotor are electromagnetically coupled, and the rotation sensor detects the rotational speed difference that occurs between the input rotor and the output rotor in response to the load torque applied to the output rotor. By calculating the load torque from the rotational speed difference in the arithmetic processing section, the load torque can be constantly measured, and it is possible to provide an easy-to-maintain and highly reliable electric switch.

<Prior Art> FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional electric switching machine. In the figure, 1 is a drive source, 2 is a clutch part, and 3
is the load. The drive source 1 is comprised of something that generates rotational power, such as a motor, and supplies power to the clutch section 2 .

In the clutch section 2, an input rotor 21 and an output rotor 22 are electromagnetically coupled, and the rotational power given to the input rotor 21 from the drive source 1 is transmitted to the output rotor 22.

The load 3 is a reduction mechanism section 31 connected to the output rotor 22
, an operating rod 32 connected to the output side of the deceleration mechanism section 31, and a turnout 33 switched by the operating rod 32. The structure of the operating rod 32 and the turnout 33, the switching operation of the turnout 33, etc. are well known to those skilled in the art. The input side rotor 21 and the output side rotor 22 of the clutch part 2 are not directly connected, and the gap between the input side rotor 21 and the output side rotor 22 is changed depending on the load torque applied to the output side rotor. Since a rotational speed difference occurs between the two, the drive source 1 with large load torque
In addition to the lock prevention effect, the impact force transmission prevention effect to the deceleration mechanism section 31 and the operating rod 32 when the drive source 1 is started and stopped can be obtained.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, the above-mentioned conventional electric switching machine has a mechanism that constantly measures the load torque or switching force of the operating rod. and maintenance is being carried out. On the other hand, since the load torque changes from moment to moment depending on the oil supply status, surface condition, etc. of the floorboards, it may become impossible to switch the turnout before periodic inspections, which may hinder train operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to provide an electric switch that can constantly measure the load torque or switching force of the operating rod, is easy to maintain, and is highly reliable. be.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention includes: a clutch part whose input side rotor is connected to a drive source and whose output side rotor is connected to a load; a rotation sensor part; an electric switch machine having an arithmetic processing section, wherein the clutch section is configured to adjust the rotational speed difference between the input side rotor and the output side rotor according to the load torque applied to the output side rotor. are electromagnetically inductively coupled to each other so as to generate a rotation speed difference between the input side rotor and the output side rotor, and the rotation sensor section detects a rotational speed difference between the input side rotor and the output side rotor and supplies it to the calculation processing section; The processing unit is characterized in that the processing unit calculates the load torque from the rotational speed difference.

Furthermore, the load includes a reduction mechanism connected to the output rotor, an operating rod connected to the reduction mechanism to switch the turnout, and a turnout, and detects the position of the operation rod. and a position sensor that is fed to the arithmetic processing unit, and the arithmetic processing unit calculates the position of the operating rod relative to the position of the operating rod based on the detected position of the operating rod and the calculated load torque. It is characterized by calculating the relationship with conversion power.

<Function> The clutch parts are electromagnetically coupled to each other so that a difference in rotational speed is generated between the input rotor and the output rotor depending on the load torque applied to the output rotor. , stable characteristics can be obtained between the load torque and the rotational speed difference.

The rotation sensor section detects the rotational speed difference between the input side rotor and the output side rotor of the clutch section and supplies it to the arithmetic processing section, so the arithmetic processing section calculates the relationship between the load torque of the clutch section and the rotational speed difference. Based on this, the load torque can be calculated from the detected rotational speed difference.

This makes it possible to constantly measure the load torque, making it possible to provide an electric switching machine that is easy to maintain and highly reliable.

Furthermore, since it is equipped with a position sensor that detects the position of the operating rod and supplies it to the arithmetic processing section, the arithmetic processing section calculates the relationship between the load torque and the switching force of the operating rod, which is determined by the structure of the deceleration mechanism and the operating rod. Based on the detected position of the operating rod and the calculated load torque, the switching force of the operating rod relative to the position of the operating rod can be calculated.

This makes it possible to identify the position where the switching force of the operating rod is large, that is, the position where the turnout is difficult to switch, and furthermore, it becomes possible to provide an electric switch that is easy to maintain and has high reliability.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electric switch according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 14 indicate the same components. 2 is a clutch section, 5 is a rotation sensor section, and 6 is an arithmetic processing section.

The clutch section 2 includes an input rotor 21 and an output rotor 2.
2 and 2 are electromagnetically inductively coupled to each other so as to generate a rotational speed difference between them in accordance with the load torque applied to the output rotor 22. Is Figure 2 related to the present invention? A partial sectional view of the clutch part of a pneumatic switch, Figure 3 is A 3 A of Figure 2.
3 is a sectional view.

The input side rotor 21 includes a support body 211 and magnets 212 to
217. A portion 221 of the output rotor 22 facing the magnets 212 to 217 is made of a conductive metal material. 23 is a case. The support body 211 and the case 23 are made of a magnetic material.

When the input rotor 21 rotates in the direction of arrow a, a relative velocity between the input rotor 21 and the output rotor 22 and magnets 212 to 217 are generated in a portion 221 of the output rotor 22 due to electromagnetic induction. Eddy currents are generated according to the magnetic flux density. Moreover, this eddy current is caused by the magnets 212 to 217.
Due to the action of t6T1 with the generated magnetic field, a torque is generated that rotates the output side rotor 22 in the direction of rotation shown by the arrow. This torque is applied to the input rotor and the output rotor 22.
It is a function of the relative speed between the two, that is, the difference in rotational speed between the two. Therefore, a characteristic curve of torque-rotational speed difference as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. This torque is the output side rotor 22
Since the load torque matches the load torque of the load 3 applied to the input side rotor 21, a rotation speed difference corresponding to the load torque occurs between the input side rotor 21 and the output side rotor 22, and FIG. 4 shows the difference between the load torque and the rotation speed. It can also be read as a characteristic curve.

The rotation sensor section 5 includes a rotation sensor 51 that detects the rotation speed of the input side rotor 21 and a rotation sensor 52 that detects the rotation speed of the output side rotor 22. Supply to 6. The rotation sensors 51 and 52 are composed of rotary encoders and the like, and are provided on the input rotor 21 and the output rotor 22, respectively. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the detection output of the rotation sensor section of the electric switch according to the present invention. The shaded area represents the rotational speed difference ΔN and is supplied to the arithmetic processing section 6.

The arithmetic processing unit 6 internally has a characteristic curve of the load torque-rotational speed difference shown in FIG. 4, and based on the characteristic curve, the load torque T is calculated from the rotational speed difference ΔN shown in FIG.
Calculate. FIG. 6 is a time-load torque characteristic diagram calculated by the arithmetic processing section 6. The characteristics shown in FIG. 6 are obtained based on the operating characteristics of the operating rod. Next, the operation of the operating rod will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational position of the conversion gear and the position of the operating rod. The operating rod 32 has a recess 321 .

322 indicates the center of rotation of a conversion gear (not shown).

The conversion gear is included in the reduction mechanism section 31 (see FIG. 1). 323 is a conversion roller, and the rotation center 3 of the conversion gear
It is provided eccentrically with respect to 22. The operating rod 32 switches the turnout 33, but in an actual electric switch, a tongue rail (not shown) that constitutes the operation rod 32 and the turnout 33 is used to accommodate multiple types of turnouts. Generally, a switch adjuster (not shown) is provided between the two to create play. Therefore, the tongue rail of the turnout 33 starts operating after the operating rod 32 has moved by the amount of play. Here, for convenience of explanation, this point will be omitted from the explanation.

In FIG. 7(A), the pneumatic switch starts operating;
The conversion roller 323 is rotated in the direction shown by arrow Y. Since the conversion roller 323 idles until it comes into contact with the inner wall 321a of the recess 321, the load torque T is small. Even if the conversion roller 323 comes into contact with the inner wall 321a, since the inner wall 321a is formed so as to inscribe the conversion roller 323, the conversion roller 323 is idle and the operating rod 32 does not move. As a result, the characteristics from time t8 to time t5 in FIG. 6 are obtained.

In FIG. 7(B), the conversion roller 323 is connected to the recess 321.
Since the inner wall 321b is formed in such a way that the conversion roller 323 enters the depth of the recess 321 as the conversion roller 323 rotates, the operating rod 32 moves linearly in the direction indicated by the arrow X as the conversion roller 323 rotates. The switch 33 is driven and the switch 33 starts switching. The time when the switching operation of the turnout 33 starts is at time tb in FIG. The force for switching the turnout 33 becomes the switching force W of the operating rod 32. Even when a constant switching force W is generated, the required load torque T varies depending on the position of the operating rod 32, and the load torque T increases as the switching gear rotates.

FIG. 7(C) shows an intermediate state of the switching operation. The required load torque T is maximum at this position. 6th
This corresponds to time tc in the figure. From this point on, the load torque T becomes smaller as the conversion gear rotates.

In FIG. 7(D), the conversion roller 323 is connected to the recess 321.
When it comes into contact with the inner wall 321C, the operating rod 32 stops moving because the inner wall 321C is formed so as to inscribe the switching roller, and the switching of the turnout 33 is completed. Turnout 3
The time when the conversion operation 3 is completed corresponds to time 1d in FIG.

FIG. 7(E) shows a state in which the electric switch has finished its operation. This position corresponds to 70 o'clock in FIG.

The turnout 33 has a starting point (stroke O position) at the operating rod position in FIGS. 7(A) and (B), and an end point (stroke S position) at the operating rod position in FIG. 7(D) and (E). It will be converted as If the switching force W is constant, the load torque T has characteristics as shown by the reference numerals in FIG. Since the actual turnout 33 presses the tongue rail against the basic rail, there is a region where the load torque T becomes large as indicated by reference numeral M at the position just before the time t4 in FIG. 6.

As mentioned above, since the time axis in FIG. 6 can be considered in correspondence with the position of the operating rod 32, the switching force W of the operating rod 32 can be calculated by comparing the load torque T over time shown in FIG. The enlarged position, that is, the position where the turnout 33 is difficult to switch can be identified, and an electric switch that is easy to maintain and has high reliability can be provided.

Specifically, whether or not maintenance of the electric switch is required depends on whether the calculated load torque T has reached a predetermined torque within the maximum torque generated by the output rotor 22, and whether or not the switch 33 is required to be maintained. The time required is determined based on whether or not the required time reaches a predetermined time within the allowable time.

When switching the turnout 33 in the opposite direction, the direction of rotation of the switching gear is reversed.

In this embodiment, the rotation speed difference is obtained by the rotation sensor section 5, but the rotation speed of the input side rotor 21 and the rotation speed of the output side rotor 22 are determined by the rotation sensor section 5.
The rotation speed is directly inputted to the calculation processing unit 6, and
A similar effect can be obtained by obtaining the rotational speed difference ΔN.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the electric switch according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same components. The features of this embodiment are as follows:
A position sensor 7 is provided on the operating rod 32, and the position X of the operating rod 32 is
is detected and supplied to the arithmetic processing unit 6, and the arithmetic processing unit 6 calculates the load torque T for the position X of the operating rod 32 from the detected position The purpose is to calculate the relationship between The position X of the operating rod is between the stroke O position and the stroke S position. The load torque T is calculated in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the operating rod position-load torque characteristic calculated by the arithmetic processing section 6 when the load torque T equivalent to that in FIG. 6 is obtained. In the figure, the position X of the operating rod 32 is
3 is shown only in the range where it changes, that is, the stroke range (0 to S) of the turnout 33.

As another configuration example of the arithmetic processing unit 6, the position X of the operating rod 32
The relationship between the switching force W/load torque T of the operating rod 32 is stored in advance, and the operation for the position X of the operating rod 32 is determined based on the detected position X of the operating rod 32 and the calculated load torque T. It is also possible to calculate the conversion force W of the rod 32.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the switching force W of the operating rod 32 and the load torque T. In the figure, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 7 indicate the same components.

Load torque is T, from the center of the conversion gear to the conversion roller 323
The distance to the center is R1, the position of the operating rod 32 is
Then, the torque TR at the switching gear is TR=T・1...(1), and the torque To required to generate the switching force W is TI, =F-R=W-cosα・R... (2) becomes. Since both match, W/T= i / (R-cosa) = i/ [R2(x-3/2)2] ”2... (3
) becomes. Figure 11 shows equation (3) as conversion force W/load torque T.
FIG. Since there is a relationship expressed by equation (3) between the switching force W and the load torque T, if the load torque T and the position X of the operating rod 32 are known, the switching force W of the operating rod 32 can be determined.

FIG. 12 is an operating rod position-converting force characteristic diagram calculated by the arithmetic processing section 6 when a load torque T equivalent to that in FIG. 6 is obtained. The reason why the switching force W increases when the position X of the operating rod 32 is near the stroke S position is because the tongue rail is pressed against the basic rail.

By comparison in FIG. 12, it is possible to specify the position X of the operating rod 32 where the switching force W is strong, so it is possible to provide an electric switch that is easy to maintain and has high reliability.

As yet another configuration example of the arithmetic processing unit 6, the relationship between the position X of the operating rod 32 shown in FIG. 11 and the switching force W/load torque T of the operating rod 32 is stored in advance, and the detected operation is It can also be configured to calculate the switching force W of the operating rod 32 with respect to time from the position X of the rod 32 and the calculated load torque T.

FIG. 13 is a time-converting force characteristic diagram calculated by the arithmetic processing section 6 when a load torque T equivalent to that in FIG. 6 is obtained.

Due to the configuration of the arithmetic processing section 6, the switching force W becomes large as can be seen from the comparison over time in FIG.
Since the position X of 2 can be specified, it is possible to provide an electric switching machine that is easy to maintain and has high reliability.

The position X of the operating rod 32 can also be detected by attaching a multi-rotation potentiometer or the like to the deceleration mechanism section 31 and taking into account the gear ratio.

In each of the above embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the torque of the clutch part 2 is greater than zero, but by using a magnetic coupling etc., the input side rotor 21 and the output side Even if the configuration is such that a rotational speed difference with the rotor 22 is not generated and a rotational speed difference is generated with a torque higher than that, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained. In this case, the torque-rotational speed difference characteristic shown in FIG. 4 becomes a characteristic offset in the positive direction. Naturally, the offset amount is set to be less than the minimum value of the load torque T.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention provides the following effects.

(1) The clutch section connects the input side rotor and the output side rotor by electromagnetic induction to obtain a predetermined stable characteristic between the load torque and the rotational speed difference, and the rotation sensor section The difference in rotational speed between the side rotor and the output rotor is detected and output to the arithmetic processing section, and the arithmetic processing section calculates the load torque from the detected rotational speed difference, so the load torque can be constantly measured. This makes it possible to provide an electric switching machine that is easy to maintain and highly reliable.

(2) Equipped with a position sensor that detects the position of the operating ring and supplies it to the arithmetic processing unit, and the arithmetic processing unit converts the operating ring to the position of the operating ring based on the detected position of the operating ring and the calculated load torque. Since the force is calculated, the part where the switching force is large can be identified, and an electric switching machine that is easy to maintain can be provided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electric switch according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the clutch portion of the electric switch according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A3-A3 in Fig. 2. , Figure 4 is a characteristic diagram of the torque-rotational speed difference of the clutch section, Figure 5
The figure is a characteristic diagram showing the detection output of the rotation sensor unit of the electric switch according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a time-load torque characteristic diagram calculated from the arithmetic processing unit, and Figures 7 (A) to (E) are FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the electric switch according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational position of the switching gear and the position of the operating ring. Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the switching force and load torque of the operating ring, and Figure 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between switching force/load torque and operating rod position. , Fig. 12 shows the operating rod position-turning force characteristic section calculated by the arithmetic processing section, Fig. 13 shows the time-turning force characteristic chart calculated from the arithmetic processing section, and Fig. 14 shows the configuration of a conventional electric switch. FIG. 1... Drive source 2... Clutch section 21... Input side rotor 22... Output side rotor 3... Load
31... Reduction mechanism section 32... Operating ring 33.
- Turnout 5... Rotation sensor section 6... Arithmetic processing section 7
...Position sensor patent applicant Ichiryoichi Nippon Signal Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Mi Abe Next part, '-1, - Figure 1 Figure 4 Figure 5 Time Figure 6 ta tb tc
td te waiting time 56; U- (A)
(B) (C)
(D) Fig. 8 Fig. 9 OS/2 S Operating rod position X Fig. 10 Stroke Fig. 11 Fig. 12 Operating kneading position X Fig. 13 Fig. 14

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) An electric switch having a clutch section in which an input rotor is connected to a drive source and an output rotor is connected to a load, a rotation sensor section, and an arithmetic processing section, wherein the clutch section is , the input side rotor and the output side rotor are electromagnetically coupled to each other so as to generate a rotation speed difference between them according to the load torque applied to the output side rotor, and the rotation sensor section is , a rotational speed difference between the input rotor and the output rotor is detected and supplied to the arithmetic processing unit, and the arithmetic processing unit calculates the load torque from the rotational speed difference. Electric switching machine. (2) The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic processing section calculates a relationship between load torque and time from the rotational speed difference. (3) The load includes a reduction mechanism connected to the output rotor, an operating rod connected to the reduction mechanism to switch the turnout, and a turnout, and detects the position of the operation rod. and a position sensor that supplies the position sensor to the arithmetic processing unit, and the arithmetic processing unit calculates the load torque for the position of the operating rod based on the detected position of the operating rod and the calculated load torque. The electric switching machine according to claim 1, wherein the electric switching machine calculates the relationship. (4) The arithmetic processing unit calculates the switching force of the operating rod with respect to the position of the operating rod from the detected position of the operating rod and the calculated load torque. 3. The electric switching machine described in 3. (5) The arithmetic processing unit calculates the relationship of the switching force of the operating rod with respect to time from the detected position of the operating rod and the calculated load torque. The electric switching machine described.