JPH04207908A - Discharge controller for retarder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent exhaustion of battery by correcting the driving torque to decrease when the terminal voltage of a battery drops below a rated voltage thereby regulating the assistant acceleration properly for the battery in the discharge control of assistant acceleration. CONSTITUTION:Since the correction control requires to normally monitor the battery terminal voltage EO, a voltage sensor 56 is connected with a battery 33. A signal representing the battery terminal voltage EO is fed to an indicator 57 at an operator seat for indicating the charged state of the battery 33 and the signal is further fed to a driving torque correcting circuit 46. When the battery voltage EO drops below a rated voltage EL, the driving torque correcting circuit 46 sets a correction coefficient (k) which decreases from 1.0 by a predetermined amount at a time with the elapse of time. A signal representing the correction coefficient (k) is then fed to a driving torque calculating circuit 44 where a driving torque TD is multiplied by the correction coefficient (k) thus correcting the driving torque TD.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention applies electrical braking to a vehicle such as an automobile, converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, regenerates it in a battery, and uses it when starting or accelerating. The present invention relates to a discharge control device that performs discharge control to prevent battery voltage drop during discharge during supplementary acceleration in a retarder device that controls auxiliary acceleration using a battery power source.

[Prior Art] In recent years, the applicant has already applied technology to drive systems of vehicles such as automobiles.
A retarder device has been proposed that is equipped with a squirrel-cage multiphase induction machine capable of generating electricity and electric power, and electrically braking and accelerating. This retarder device compensates for the decrease in the effectiveness of engine braking due to the miniaturization of engines, especially in large vehicles, and also helps in starting 1.
1 refers to reducing fuel and exhaust gas during acceleration.

That is, during braking, the induction machine installed in the drive system of the vehicle operates as a generator to perform electrical braking, and the electrical energy generated in the induction machine at this time is regenerated into the battery. Also,
When starting or accelerating, the induction machine operates as an electric motor using battery power to provide auxiliary acceleration.

In this way, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and regenerated, and this electrical energy is effectively utilized in terms of fuel consumption and exhaust gas. New control systems have been developed to effectively achieve regeneration and effective utilization through such energy conversion, and control systems suitable for this have been proposed. Control of such energy regeneration cycles in vehicles is still under development, and further development is desired.

Here, in such an energy regeneration cycle, important elements are battery charging control using electric braking and battery discharging control during auxiliary acceleration.

Therefore, conventionally, the discharge control system for the above-mentioned auxiliary acceleration consists of a circuit that supplies a control signal for advancing the rotating magnetic field to the induction machine when the driver operates a switch, and a battery power supply that generates the AC voltage necessary to operate the motor. and means for detecting and displaying the terminal voltage of the battery. When accelerating, the driver checks the battery charge status on the display and operates a switch, which applies a predetermined high voltage to the induction machine and outputs a control signal to operate as an electric motor, which controls the engine drive system. It has been proposed to configure it to supplement the power.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional discharge control system described above, checking of the battery voltage is entirely left to the driver. Here, since a relatively large amount of battery power is used during this auxiliary acceleration, if the battery is in a shallow state of charge, its voltage may drop early. In such a case, it is necessary to reduce or cancel the auxiliary acceleration immediately in terms of battery life, but it is best for the driver to perform this operation appropriately.

Therefore, in this discharge control system, it is desirable to add means for electrically monitoring the battery voltage and preventing battery failure.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and its purpose is to appropriately adjust the auxiliary acceleration to the battery voltage in the discharge control of the auxiliary acceleration, thereby preventing battery failure. An object of the present invention is to provide a discharge control device for a retarder device.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes a squirrel-cage multiphase induction machine capable of generating electricity and electric power installed in the engine drive system, and is connected to a battery that regenerates generated power through an inverter circuit, a resistor that consumes excess power, and the rotating magnetic field of the induction machine is delayed by a predetermined amount from an inverter control circuit that receives operation signals from the driver's operation, or In a retarder device that outputs a control signal to an inverter circuit to electrically brake or auxiliary acceleration control an engine drive system, a drive torque calculation means that determines a drive torque according to a running state during auxiliary acceleration; A discharging means generates a predetermined DC voltage from a battery power source and applies it to the induction machine during this auxiliary acceleration, a means detects the terminal voltage of the battery, and when the terminal voltage of the battery drops below the rated voltage, the The present invention proposes a discharge control device for a retarder device, which includes a drive torque correction means that corrects the torque value to decrease it.

[Function] According to the configuration of the present invention described above, the induction machine of the retarder device installed in the engine drive system while the vehicle is running operates as a generator by the driver's switch operation and performs electric braking when exiting the vehicle. , when accelerating, etc., it operates as an electric motor to provide auxiliary acceleration. During this auxiliary acceleration, the battery power is converted to a predetermined DC voltage and applied to the induction machine. At this time, if the battery terminal voltage drops below the rated voltage, the drive torque value is corrected by decreasing it. controlled by As a result, the amount of electricity used by the battery power source is reduced and the electric function of the induction motor is automatically lowered, thereby suppressing the drop in battery terminal voltage and reliably preventing failure. It becomes possible.

[Example] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the retarder device and its charging status display device of the present invention, and the retarder device 10 includes a squirrel cage multiphase induction machine 20 installed in an engine drive system and its electric control device. It consists of 30.

That is, a squirrel cage polyphase induction machine 20 is installed on a flywheel 3 of a crankshaft 2 of an engine 1, and the flywheel 3 is configured to transmit power to a transmission 6 via a clutch 4 and a human power shaft 5.

This squirrel cage multiphase induction machine 20 is three-phase, and is installed inside a flywheel device 7 provided between the engine 1 and the transmission 6, as shown in FIG. That is, a stator core 22 is attached to a stator ring 21 fixed between flywheel housings 7a and 7b of a flywheel device 7, a stator winding 23 is attached to the stator core 22, and an exit wire is connected to the stator winding 23. 24 is taken out to form the stator section 20a. Further, a rotor core 25 is attached to the outer periphery of the flywheel 3 in close opposition to the stator core 22, and a squirrel cage winding 26 is attached to the rotor core 25 together with a retaining ring 27 and an end ring 28, and the rotor portion 20b to accomplish. Then, while the engine 1 is stopped or running, the rotor section 20b is stopped or rotating, and a predetermined frequency voltage is applied to the stator section 20a to apply a rotating magnetic field to the rotor section 20b. Equipped with electric braking or auxiliary acceleration.

To explain the electric control device 30 in FIG. 1,
The stator section 2Oa side of the squirrel cage induction machine 20 is connected to a battery 33 via an inverter circuit 31 and a capacitor 32,
The inverter circuit 31 has an inverter control circuit 40 that generates a frequency voltage control signal. Inverter circuit 31
A resistor 3 is connected to the output side of the resistor 3 via a semiconductor switch circuit 34.
5 is connected, and a switch control circuit 36 is connected to the semiconductor switch circuit 34.

In addition, as various human power information, the rotor part 2 of the induction machine 20
A rotation sensor 50 that detects the shaft rotation speed N of 0b, and a voltage detection circuit 5 that detects the output voltage EV of the inverter circuit 31.
1. It has a temperature sensor 52 that detects the temperature t based on the current of the resistor 35, and an accelerator sensor 53 that detects the accelerator depression amount θ in conjunction with the accelerator pedal 11. Furthermore, the inverter circuit 31 is provided with an electric brake switch 54 operated by the driver during deceleration and braking, and an auxiliary acceleration switch 55 operated similarly during acceleration. It has a plurality of switch elements connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery 33. The switch element consists of a transistor and a diode connected in parallel in the opposite direction of the transistor, and the inverter control circuit 40 sends a switching control signal S of a predetermined frequency to the transistor.
By providing R and Sr, the slip direction and slip amount of the rotating magnetic field of the induction machine 20 are changed, and the induction machine 20 operates as a generator or electric motor with a predetermined capacity.

The inverter control circuit 40 has an electric brake switch 54, an auxiliary acceleration switch 55, and an operation mode setting circuit 41 in which a signal of the shaft rotation speed N is manually input, and the power generation mode is set depending on the relationship between the manual operation signal and the shaft rotation speed N. Set electric mode and stop mode. Therefore, as a power generation control system, there is provided a braking torque calculation circuit 42 to which the power generation mode signal of the operation mode setting circuit 41 and a signal corresponding to the operation amount α of the electric brake switch 54 are input. The braking torque TB is determined according to the amount α. The signals of the braking torque Ta and the shaft rotational speed H are manually input to the rotating magnetic field delay control circuit 43, and the negative slip amount -
Then, the control signals S and I are converted into control signals S and I whose frequency is delayed by the amount of slip minus the shaft rotational speed N. Then, this control signal SR is output to the inverter circuit 31 to operate the induction machine 20 as a generator with a predetermined power generation capacity, and convert the AC voltage generated by the induction machine 20 into DC voltage, which is regenerated in the battery 33. It is. In this case, the braking torque T
A negative slip amount - y is set proportionally to B, and the braking torque Tel is controlled to follow the set value.

In addition, as an electric control system, the operation mode setting circuit 41
It has a drive torque calculation circuit 44 to which signals of the electric mode, the accelerator depression amount θ, and the shaft rotation speed N are input, and the generated engine torque TP is calculated using the torque characteristics according to the accelerator depression amount θ and the shaft rotation speed N. Determine the drive torque TD that the electric motor will share with respect to This driving torque T. ,
The signal of the shaft rotational speed N is manually input to the rotating magnetic field advance control circuit 45, the positive slip amount 〇r according to the drive torque TO is determined, and the frequency is controlled by advancing the shaft rotational speed N by this slip amount ef. Convert to signal S. Then, this control signal SF is similarly outputted to the inverter circuit 31, and the induction machine 20
The motor operates as an electric motor with a predetermined electric power, and provides supplementary driving force to the drive system of the engine 1. In this case, the larger the accelerator depression amount θ and the generated engine torque TP, the more the drive torque T is shared by the electric motor. is greatly controlled.

The battery 33 regenerates and stores electrical energy generated during electric braking, and has a capacity that can be charged to the rated charging capacity in a short period of time and has no risk of failure even when repeatedly discharged. Set.

Next, the charging and discharging control system for the battery 33 will be described. A charging control circuit 37 and a discharging control circuit 38 are connected to the battery 33. When the charging control circuit 37 receives the power generation mode signal from the operation mode setting circuit 41, the charging control circuit 37 sets the terminal voltage E of the battery 33. is adjusted to a voltage that can be charged, and when an inverter output voltage Ev larger than this battery 33# child voltage Eσ is generated, the battery 33
Supply current to and charge. When the electric mode signal is input, the discharge control circuit 38 generates a DC power supply voltage E- necessary for operating the induction machine 20, and applies this voltage E to the induction machine 20 during starting and acceleration.

The resistor 35 is used to consume electrical energy when the generated electrical energy is too excessive to be regenerated, and is set to a predetermined resistance value.

Here, if the resistance value of the resistor 35 is constant, the power consumption P of the resistor 35 exceeds the generator output W at a predetermined rotation speed or higher, and the inverter output voltage Ev decreases, causing the braking torque The above semiconductor switch circuit 34, switch control circuit 36, and voltage detection circuit 51 are resistance value control system circuits that prevent the braking torque T from decreasing. .

Therefore, when the inverter output voltage Ev detected by the voltage detection circuit 51 exceeds the set value, the switch control circuit 36
An opening/closing control signal having a duty ratio corresponding to the shaft rotational speed N is output to the semiconductor switch circuit 34. Then, the semiconductor switch circuit 34 controls opening and closing of the circuit of the resistor 35, and the effective resistance value of the resistor 35 "
S is increased to keep the inverter output voltage Ev approximately constant,
Braking torque T! The braking area where l is large is expanded. In this way, the effective resistance value rs of the circuit including the resistor 35 is controlled by opening and closing the semiconductor switch circuit 34, so that the value of the resistor 35 itself is set to a small value.

Further, as a result of the test, when electric braking is continued for a long time, the temperature t of the resistor 35 rises, the resistance value r increases, and the braking torque T! It was confirmed that this caused a decrease in l. Therefore, in order to prevent this, the signal from the temperature sensor 52 provided in the resistor 35 is input to the switch control circuit 36, and the duty ratio of the signal to the semiconductor switch circuit 34 is changed as the temperature t rises. The effective resistance value rs of the resistor 35 is controlled to decrease.

Next, a discharge correction control for preventing a decrease in battery voltage during auxiliary acceleration in the discharge control system will be explained. Since this correction control requires constant monitoring of the battery terminal voltage EO, a voltage sensor 56 is connected to the battery 33. This battery terminal voltage E. The signal is input to the driver's seat display 57, used to display the state of charge of the battery 33, and is further input to the drive torque correction circuit 46. As shown in FIG. 3, this drive torque correction circuit 46 sets a correction coefficient k that decreases from 1.0 by a predetermined amount as time passes when the battery terminal voltage E0 falls below the rated voltage EL. Then, a signal corresponding to this correction coefficient is input to the drive torque calculation circuit 44, and the drive torque TD is multiplied by the correction coefficient k to correct the value of the drive torque To.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. First, power from the engine 1 is manually applied to the transmission 6 via the flywheel 3, clutch 4, and input shaft 5, and the transmission power is transmitted to the wheels, thereby causing the vehicle to travel. When the driver operates the electric brake switch 54 when exiting the vehicle while driving, the operation mode setting circuit 41 of the inverter control circuit 40 selects the generation mode, and the braking torque calculation circuit 42 selects the switch operation amount α.
The braking torque T8 is set accordingly. Then, the frequency control signal SR of the negative slip amount -eR corresponding to the braking torque T6 is sent from the rotating magnetic field delay control circuit 43 to the inverter circuit 3.
1, the induction machine 20 is operated as a generator. As a result, in the induction machine 20, the rotating magnetic field of the stator section 20a generates a braking torque TB so as to forcibly decelerate the rotation of the rotor section 20b of the drive system, and this braking torque T causes engine braking. The effect is increased by a predetermined amount,
It becomes possible to safely perform deceleration driving.

At this time, electric energy is generated in the stator section 20a of the induction machine 20 due to the operation of the generator, which is converted into a DC voltage by the inverter circuit 31, and the voltage is adjusted by the charging control circuit 37 to charge the battery 33. In this way, the electric energy generated by electric braking is effectively regenerated.

During this electric braking, if the electrical energy is excessive, the semiconductor switch circuit 34 causes a predetermined current to flow through the resistor 35 according to the opening/closing control signal of the switch control circuit 36, thereby consuming the braking torque TB. Matching control is performed to quickly dissipate the excess amount. Further, in the case of excessive energy consumption by this resistor 35, if the resistance value r increases due to temperature rise, the switch control circuit 3
6 gives the effective resistance value r.

is reduced and corrected to maintain the alignment control at an optimal condition.

On the other hand, when accelerating by depressing the accelerator, the driver checks the battery charging status on the display 57 and selects the auxiliary acceleration switch 5.
5, the operation mode setting circuit 41 selects the electric mode.

Then, in the drive torque calculation 8 circuit 44, the drive torque T is shared by the electric motor according to the running state in this case. is calculated,
Based on this, a frequency control signal S with a positive slip amount +e is input from the rotating magnetic field advancement control circuit 45 to the inverter circuit 31. In addition, this electric mode allows the discharge control circuit 3
At 8, a predetermined DC voltage power source EM is generated using the battery power source. In this way, a voltage sufficient to electrify the induction machine 20 is applied to the induction machine 20, and a rotating magnetic field that is faster than the shaft rotation speed N is generated in the stator section 20a, so that the induction machine 20 operates as an electric motor and produces a predetermined drive. Generates torque TD. Therefore, the power of the drive system of the engine 1 is increased and supplemented by the drive torque TD of the induction machine 2o, and the electric energy regenerated in the battery 33 is effectively used to drive the vehicle as described above. Driving torque of machine 20 70
Fuel consumption and exhaust gas are effectively reduced accordingly.

In addition to the above, the induction machine 20 is operated as an electric motor when the engine is started. Further, during steady running, the induction machine 20 is operated, for example, as a generator with a small power generation capacity to slowly charge the battery, and is controlled with emphasis on energy regeneration.

The effects of the electric braking and auxiliary acceleration described above are repeated indefinitely during deceleration, acceleration, and steady state during driving as long as the life of the battery 33 continues due to the regeneration of energy in the engine drive system. be.

On the other hand, during the above-described auxiliary acceleration while the vehicle is running, the terminal voltage EO of the battery 33 is always electrically detected by the voltage sensor 56. Therefore, due to the auxiliary acceleration, the amount of electricity from the battery power source is used and gradually decreases, and the battery terminal voltage E as shown in Part 4 (a). When finally falls below the rated voltage EL, the correction coefficient k from the drive torque correction circuit 46 is input to the drive torque calculation circuit 44, and the drive torque To is
As shown in b), it is corrected so that it is forcibly reduced as time passes. For this reason, the positive slip amount ◆ef of the control signal sr from the rotating magnetic field advance control circuit 45 also decreases, and the electric capacity of the induction machine 20 that operates the electric motor decreases, and accordingly, the amount of electricity used by the battery 33 decreases ( C), the battery terminal voltage EO is automatically reduced to encourage recovery of the battery terminal voltage EO. By such feedback correction control, the terminal voltage E0 of the battery 33 is always maintained at approximately the rated voltage EL as shown in (a), and a failure due to a drop in the voltage of the battery 33 is prevented.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the retarder device according to the present invention electrically monitors the battery terminal voltage in the discharge control system of the auxiliary acceleration, and when the voltage decreases, the auxiliary acceleration is automatically reduced and corrected.
Since a means for maintaining the terminal voltage at approximately the rated voltage is added, this auxiliary acceleration reduction control can be performed properly at all times.
The burden on the driver is also reduced. In addition, this correction control reliably prevents a voltage drop in the battery, avoids failure of batteries, and allows normal operation of the energy regeneration cycle at all times. Furthermore, since the set value of the driving torque is gradually reduced when the battery terminal voltage decreases, the effect of auxiliary acceleration can also be continuously produced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the mechanical configuration of a squirrel cage multiphase induction machine, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the correction coefficient of drive torque, and Fig. 4 is an auxiliary FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of the operating state of battery voltage constant control during acceleration. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Retarder device, 20... Squirrel cage polyphase induction machine, 30... Electric control device, 31... Inverter circuit, 33... Battery, 35... Resistor, 40...
Inverter control circuit, 54... electric brake switch, 5
5... Auxiliary acceleration switch, 44... Drive torque calculation circuit, 45... Rotating magnetic field advance control circuit, 46... Drive torque correction circuit, 56... Voltage sensor. Patent applicant Hino Motors Co., Ltd.',! ts 2
Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A squirrel-cage multi-phase induction machine capable of generating electricity and electric power is installed in the engine drive system, and the stator side of this induction machine is connected to a battery that regenerates the generated power via an inverter circuit, The inverter control circuit is connected to a resistor that consumes electric power, and receives an operation signal from the driver's operation.The inverter control circuit outputs a control signal to the inverter circuit to control the rotating magnetic field of the induction machine to delay or advance by a predetermined amount. A retarder device that controls electrical braking or auxiliary acceleration of an engine drive system includes a drive torque calculation means that determines the drive torque according to the driving condition during auxiliary acceleration, and a predetermined DC voltage generated by a battery power source during this auxiliary acceleration. a means for detecting the terminal voltage of the battery; and a driving torque correcting means for correcting the value of the driving torque to decrease when the terminal voltage of the battery drops below the rated voltage; A discharge control device for a retarder device, comprising: