JPH04190858A - Grinding apparatus fitted with fixed blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the labor load of a worker by providing a control apparatus changing over the rotation of a rotor in an opposite direction on the basis of the signal of a detector detecting that an object to be ground is bitten in the gap between the rotor and a fixed blade when the rotor is rotated forwardly or reversely. CONSTITUTION:Start switches SW1, SW2 are closed and the upper rollers 8, 8 directly connected to motors 12... through reversible pumps 9... are rotated in the direction shown by an arrow and the forward rotating operation circuit 32 of the second circuit 31 is excited to rotate the lower roller 9 directly connected to a motor 12 in a forward direction through a reversible pump 19. When an object to be ground is bitten in the gap between the lower roller 9 and a fixed blade 13, the lower roller 9 is stopped and a hydraulic closing circuit 20 becomes abnormally high in pressure on the high pressure side thereof and a pressure switch PS2 is closed and the excitation of the forward rotating operation circuit 32 of the second circuit 31 is released and the reverse rotating operation circuit 38 of the sixth circuit 37 is excited and the lower rotor 9 is rotated in the reverse direction by the reversible pump 19 to continue grinding operation. During the reverse rotation of the lower roller 9, a pressure switch PS1 detects the generation of biting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention is used in the field of a crushing device that crushes objects to be crushed between a rotor having a cutting blade and a fixed blade.

(b) Conventional technology Conventionally, as a crusher for roughly crushing wood, concrete pieces, etc., a rotor having a cutting blade is rotatably provided in a casing, and a fixed blade is fixed to the casing in opposition to the rotor.
Cutting and crushing is performed between the rotor and the fixed blade.

(c) Problem to be solved by the invention However, if the structure is as described above, even if the object to be crushed is caught between the rotor and the fixed blade, it cannot be detected from the outside of the casing, and if it is left as it is. Therefore, there is a risk that a large load is generated on the drive source, causing damage to the drive source or deformation of the casing.

Also, even if you realize that the rotor is jammed and manually reverse the rotor to release the jammed state,
There is a problem that the crushing operation time becomes long.

The present invention provides a crushing device that can automatically release the jammed state and continue the crushing operation even if jamming occurs between the rotor and the fixed blade.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes rotatably disposing a rotor having cutting blades in a casing having an input port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom. A fixed blade fixed to a part of the casing is provided on the left and right sides of the rotor, and a detection device is provided for detecting that an object to be crushed has been caught between the fixed blade and the fixed blade when the rotor rotates forward or reverse. A control device is provided that switches the rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction when detected by the device.

Further, a rotor having a cutting blade is rotatably provided in a casing having an input port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom. A detection device is provided to detect that an object to be crushed is caught between the fixed blade and the fixed blade during rotation or reverse rotation, and when detected by the detection device, the rotation of the rotor is switched to the opposite direction and the rotary blade is moved outward. It is equipped with a control device that swings and returns after a certain period of time.

(e) Operation When the object to be crushed is put into the casing, the object to be crushed is transferred to the fixed blade side by the rotor.

The transported object to be crushed is crushed by a rotor and a fixed blade.

By the way, depending on the object to be crushed, there are cases where the object is not crushed but becomes stuck.

In that case, the detection device detects the jammed state, and the control device rotates the rotor in the opposite direction to remove the jammed state and continue the crushing process between the rotor and the fixed blade on the opposite side. do.

When detected by the detection device, the control device rotates the rotor in the opposite direction and swings the fixed blade outward to widen the gap with the rotor and return it to its original position after a certain period of time.

(f) Embodiment Below, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. (1) is a casing fixed to a pedestal (2);
) is connected to a hopper (3), and an input port (4) is formed above the hopper (3).

A cover (5) is suspended from the bottom of the casing (1),
This cover (5) covers the discharge port (6).

A conveyor (7) is provided at the bottom of the casing (1) for transporting the casing to the next process.

Inside the casing (1) are a pair of left and right upper rotors (8
) (8) and a lower rotor (9) provided in parallel below the center of the upper rotors (8) and (8) are rotatably provided.

The rotor (8), (8), and (9) have a disk-shaped cutting blade (IJ) on the rotor body (1o) as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
It has a fixed shape that is tilted at a constant angle at equal intervals.

The rotor C3) (8) (9) is an individual motor (12)
..., and the pair of upper rotors (8) (8) are rotated in opposite directions (in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 4), and the cutting blades (11) are rotated between the opposing cutting blades (11). The material to be crushed is compressed and cut by the lower rotor (9).
is capable of forward and reverse rotation, and has fixed blades (13) on the left and right sides (
13) to crush the object to be crushed.

The fixed blade (13) (13) is a swingable mounting member (14) that forms a part of the casing (1) as shown in FIG.
(14) is fixed to the top.

The mounting member (14) (14) has a first cylinder (15) and a second cylinder (16) that are pivotally supported on the pedestal (2).
) are connected to each other, and the fixed blades (13) (13) can be swung outward by the expansion and contraction of each cylinder (15) (16).

On the base side of the mounting member (14) ( ) +4, there is a fixed frame (17) ( ) that pivotally supports the mounting member (14) (14).
17) to fix the mounting bracket (18) (18),
Each of the mounting brackets (18) (18) has a limit switch LS1. Install LS2, LS3, and LS4, and use the mounting parts (14) for Mitsutswitches LS2 and LS4.
(14) is the inside position, i.e. fixed blade (13) (+3)
detects a position close to the lower rotor (9), and limit switch LS1. LS3 is a mounting member (14) (14)
is adapted to detect the outer position, that is, the position where the fixed blade (13) (13) is far away from the lower rotor (9).

Figure 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for driving each rotor (8) (8) (9), and the motor (12) directly connected to each rotor (8) (8) (9)... Variable pump (19)・
... are communicated with each other through a closed circuit (20).

Each pump (19) is driven by power transmitted from a prime mover (21) consisting of an engine or a transmission motor via a distributor (22).

Further, a detection device (23) is provided in the closed circuit (lower part in FIG. 3) of the lower rotor (9) to detect the state of engagement between the lower rotor (9) and the fixed blades (13).

The detection device (23) includes a pressure switch PS2 that detects abnormally high pressure on the high pressure side when the lower rotor (9) rotates in the normal direction, and a pressure switch PS1 that detects abnormally high pressure on the high pressure side when the lower rotor (9) rotates in the reverse direction. ing.

Figure 6 shows the first cylinder (15) and the second cylinder (16).
) is the hydraulic circuit diagram of the pump (24) to each cylinder (1
5) Distribute pressure oil to (16), install a first switching valve (25) on the piping of the first cylinder (15), and connect the solenoid 5O
When energized to La, it expands, and when energized to solenoid 5OLb, it contracts.
A second switching valve (26) is provided on the pipe 6), which expands when the solenoid 5OLc is energized and contracts when the solenoid 5OLd is energized.

Figure 7 is an electric circuit diagram for controlling each rotor (8) (8) (9), and the first circuit controls the lower rotor (9) from the main circuit (28) with a main switch (27) interposed. The eighth to eighth circuits are branched into a ninth circuit that controls the upper rotors (8) (8).

The first circuit (29) includes a start switch SWI, a stop switch (30), an old normally closed relay switch, and a relay R.
4 are arranged in series.

Furthermore, a normally open relay switch R3 and a normally open relay switch R4 are provided in parallel with the start switch SWI.

A relay switch R4 and a forward rotation operating circuit (32) are arranged in series in the second circuit (31).

A pressure switch PSl, a normally closed relay switch R4, a normally closed timer relay switch T2, and a relay R3 are arranged in series in the third circuit (33).

A normally open relay switch R3 and a timer relay T2 are arranged in series in the fourth circuit (34), and the fourth circuit (34) and the third circuit (33) are communicated at an intermediate position.

A normally open relay switch R1, a stop switch (36), a normally closed relay switch R3, and a relay R2 are arranged in series in the fifth circuit (35).

Further, a normally open relay switch R2 is provided in parallel with the normally open relay switch R1.

A normally open relay switch R2 and a reverse operation circuit (38) are arranged in series in the sixth circuit (37).

A pressure switch PS2, a normally closed relay switch R2, a normally closed timer relay switch T1, and a relay R1 are arranged in series in the seventh circuit (39).

A normally open relay switch R1 and a timer relay T1 are arranged in series in the eighth circuit (40), and the eighth circuit (40) and the seventh surface road (39) are communicated at an intermediate position.

The ninth circuit (41) includes a start switch SW2 and a parallel upper rotor operation circuit (42) arranged in series.

FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram for controlling each cylinder (15) (16), showing the 10th to 15th circuits that control the first cylinder (15) from the main circuit (28), and the
16) is branched into a 16th circuit to a 21st circuit.

The first O circuit (43) includes a pressure switch PSL and a relay R.
5 are arranged in series.

Furthermore, a series circuit of a normally open relay switch R5 and a normally closed relay switch R6 is provided in parallel with the pressure switch PSI.

A normally open relay switch R5 and a solenoid 5OLC are arranged in series in the eleventh circuit (44).

A limit switch LSI and a relay R6 are arranged in series in the twelfth circuit (45).

A normally open relay switch R6 and a timer relay T3 are arranged in series in the 13th circuit (46).

The 14th circuit (47) has a normally open timer relay T3. A normally closed relay switch R7 and a solenoid 5OLd are arranged in series.

A limit switch LS2 and a relay R7 are arranged in series in the 15th circuit (47).

The 16th circuit (49) includes a pressure switch PS2 and a relay R.
8 are arranged in series.

Furthermore, a series circuit of a normally open relay switch R8 and a normally closed relay switch R9 is provided in parallel with the pressure switch PS2.

A normally open relay switch R8 and a solenoid 5OLa are arranged in series in the 17th circuit (50).

A limit switch LS3 and a relay R9 are arranged in series in the 18th circuit (51).

A normally open relay switch R9 and a timer relay T4 are arranged in series in the 19th circuit (52).

In the 20th circuit (53), a normally open timer relay T4, a normally closed relay switch R], O, and a solenoid 5OLb are arranged in series.

A limit switch LS4 and a relay R10 are arranged in series in the 21st circuit (54).

In the embodiment, a disk-shaped cutting blade is used as the cutting blade of each rotor, but the same effect can be obtained even if a spiral screw is used.

The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration. Next, the operation will be explained. First, the main switch (27), the start switch SW
1. Set SW2 to "contact", move the upper rotor (8) (8) in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2, and move the lower rotor (9) to the second circuit (31).
The normal rotation operating circuit (32) is energized to rotate the motor in the normal rotation direction (in the direction of the solid line arrow in FIG. 2).

When objects to be crushed are put into the input port (4) in this state, the objects are compressed and cut between the upper rotors (8) and then fall toward the lower rotor (9).

On the lower rotor (9) side, the object to be crushed is further crushed between it and the fixed blade (13).

The material to be crushed that has passed through the lower rotor (9) is conveyed to the conveyor (7).
It is moved to the next process.

Incidentally, depending on the angle at which the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the lower rotor (9) and the fixed blade (13) and the type of object to be crushed, a jammed state may occur.

When the above condition occurs, the lower rotor (9) stops and the high pressure side of the closed circuit (20) becomes abnormally high pressure, causing the pressure switch PS2
becomes “connection”.

When the pressure switch PS2 becomes “closed”, the second circuit (31)
The excitation to the forward rotation operation circuit (32) of the 6th circuit (37) is released, and the rotation operation circuit (38) of the 6th circuit (37) is excited, so that the 5th rotor (9) is rotated in the reverse direction (in the direction of the solid line arrow in Fig. 2). The crushing operation continues with the lower roller (9) and the fixed blade (13) powered by another force.

And k. At this time, the solenoid 5OLa is energized, the first switching valve (25) is switched, and the first cylinder (15)
shrinks.

When the first cylinder (15) is reduced, the fixed blade changes to the solid line in Figure 2 (
Move from the 7th position to the 11th chain line position and set the limit switch L
O[, a is de-energized, and after a certain period of time (about 5 seconds) has elapsed, solenoid 5OLb is energized, the first cylinder (15) is extended, and the fixed blade (13) returns to its original position. 1. The limit switch LS4 becomes "closed" and the extension of the first cylinder (15) is stopped.

The above operation temporarily enlarges the gap between the lower rotor (9) and the fixed blade (13), allowing objects to be crushed that are difficult to crush to pass through and preventing them from staying there indefinitely.

When the C1 jamming condition occurs while the lower rotor (9) is in reverse rotation, the pressure switch PSL becomes "closed" as described above.
The excitation to the reverse rotation operation circuit (38) of the sixth circuit (37) is released, and the forward rotation operation circuit (32) of the second circuit (3]) is de-energized.
At the same time, the solenoid solenoid of the first circuit (44) is energized to rotate the lower rotor (9) in the normal rotation direction.
, c are excited, the second switching valve (26) is switched, and the second cylinder (16) is contracted.

When the second cylinder (16) is reduced, the fixed blade (13) moves to the second position.
Move from the solid line position to the one-dot chain line position and turn the limit switch LSI "on".

When the limit switch + and Sl are connected, the excitation to the solenoid 5OLC is released and for a certain period of time (approximately 5
seconds), the solenoid 5OLd is energized, the second cylinder (]6) is extended, the fixed blade (13) is returned to its original position, the limit switch L S 2 is turned "on", and the second cylinder (6) is extended.
Extension of the cylinder (16) stops.

The above operation can prevent stagnation in the same way as described above.

(g) Effects of the invention As described above, in the case where a jamming condition occurs between the rotor and the fixed blade, the detecting device detects the jamming condition and automatically rotates the rotor in the opposite direction. , the crushing operation is continued between the fixed blade and the other fixed blade.

As a result, there is no need to monitor the occurrence of jamming as in the conventional method, and the labor burden on the operator can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the jammed state can be automatically released, damage to the prime mover casing can be prevented, and furthermore, the crushing work can be continued by rotating in the opposite direction, so that work efficiency can be improved.

Further, since the fixed blade is oscillated to temporarily increase the gap between the fixed blade and the rotor, it is possible to prevent a decrease in work efficiency due to accumulation of materials to be crushed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an overall view, Figure 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view, Figure 3 is a rotor hydraulic circuit diagram, Figure 4 is a partial view of the upper rotor, and Figure 5 is a partial view of the upper rotor.
The figure is a partial view of the lower rotor, FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the cylinder, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are electrical circuit diagrams. (1) is a casing, (9) is a lower rotor, (13) is a fixed blade, and (23) is a detection device. Applicant: Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A rotor having a cutting blade is rotatably provided in a casing having an input port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, fixed blades fixed to a part of the casing are provided on the left and right sides of the rotor, and the rotor The fixing device is provided with a detection device that detects whether an object to be crushed is caught between the fixed blade during forward rotation or reverse rotation, and a control device that switches the rotation of the rotor in the opposite direction when detected by the detection device. Crushing device with blade. (2) A rotor having a cutting blade is rotatably provided in a casing having an input port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, fixed blades fixed to a part of the casing are provided on the left and right sides of the rotor, and the rotor A detection device is provided to detect whether an object to be crushed is caught between the fixed blade and the fixed blade during normal rotation or reverse rotation, and when detected by the detection device, the rotation of the rotor is switched to the opposite direction and the rotary blade is rotated outward. A crushing device with a fixed blade that is equipped with a control device that swings the blade and returns to normal after a certain period of time.