JPH04181657A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04181657A JPH04181657A JP2310704A JP31070490A JPH04181657A JP H04181657 A JPH04181657 A JP H04181657A JP 2310704 A JP2310704 A JP 2310704A JP 31070490 A JP31070490 A JP 31070490A JP H04181657 A JPH04181657 A JP H04181657A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- battery
- gas
- manifold
- preheating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Al]O[Al] BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/244—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes with matrix-supported molten electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上勿肌朋分國
本発明は反応ガスを予熱した後に燃料電池内に供給する
燃料電池システムに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell system in which reactant gas is preheated and then supplied into a fuel cell.
従来勿技血
従来、燃料電池における反応ガスは、実験規模では第４
図に示すように、スーパーヒータ２０により予熱した後
、石英製のテープヒータ２１等により保温された配管２
２を介して、燃料電池２３内に送られていた。但し、実
際の燃料電池システムにおける反応ガスの予熱は、第５
図に示すように、電池の発熱を利用した熱交換器２４を
用いていた。Conventionally, the reactant gas in a fuel cell is the fourth
As shown in the figure, piping 2 is preheated by a super heater 20 and then kept warm by a quartz tape heater 21 or the like.
2 into the fuel cell 23. However, preheating of the reaction gas in an actual fuel cell system is
As shown in the figure, a heat exchanger 24 was used that utilized the heat generated by the battery.
日が”しよ”と るｉ
ところが、上記従来の燃料電池では、熱交換器の加熱に
多くの熱が必要となるので、反応ガスを十分に予熱する
ことができない。したがって、熱交換器を加熱するよう
なものが必要となる。この結果、多くの電力が必要とな
って、発電コストが高（なる。However, in the conventional fuel cell described above, a large amount of heat is required to heat the heat exchanger, and therefore the reaction gas cannot be sufficiently preheated. Therefore, something like heating the heat exchanger is required. As a result, a large amount of electricity is required, resulting in high power generation costs.
また、熱交換器を必要とする分、装置が大型化すると共
に、設備費用が高くなる。Furthermore, the need for a heat exchanger increases the size of the device and increases the equipment cost.
加えて、電池内部において、電池反応による発熱がセル
内に蓄積されるため、電池内温度が適性な温度（例えば
、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池では６５０°Ｃ）より高くなる
。この結果、電池構成材の腐食或いは熱による劣化によ
り、電池寿命が短くなるという課題を有していた。In addition, inside the battery, heat generated by the battery reaction is accumulated in the cell, so that the temperature inside the battery becomes higher than an appropriate temperature (for example, 650° C. in a molten carbonate fuel cell). As a result, there has been a problem in that the battery life is shortened due to corrosion or heat-induced deterioration of the battery constituent materials.
本発明はかかる現状に鑑みてなされたものであり、上記
諸欠点を解消できることになる燃料電池を提供すること
を目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the current situation, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell that can eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.
量 を”るための
本発明は上記目的を達成するために、反応ガスを予熱し
た後に燃料電池内に供給する燃料電池システムにおいて
、上記反応ガスを予熱する予熱手段は、燃料電池内に内
蔵されていることを特徴とする。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel cell system in which a reaction gas is preheated and then supplied into the fuel cell, and a preheating means for preheating the reaction gas is built in the fuel cell. It is characterized by
詐ニーＬ町
上記構成であれば、電池で発注した熱が予熱手段に与え
られて、反応ガスが電池で発生した熱によって予熱され
ることになる。したがって、電池外に熱交換器を設ける
必要がなくなり、且つ反応ガスの予熱のための電力が不
要となる。加えて、電池反応による発熱が燃料電池内に
蓄積されるのを抑制することができる。With the above configuration, the heat ordered by the battery is given to the preheating means, and the reaction gas is preheated by the heat generated by the battery. Therefore, there is no need to provide a heat exchanger outside the battery, and no electric power is required for preheating the reaction gas. In addition, it is possible to suppress heat generation due to cell reactions from accumulating within the fuel cell.
夫−施一炎
本発明の一実施例を、第１図〜第３図に基づいて、以下
に説明する。尚、第１図は本発明の一例に係る溶融炭酸
塩型燃料電池の分解斜視図、第２図は溶融炭酸塩型燃料
電池の正面図（マニホールド６は省略）、第３図は本発
明の（Ａ）システムと比較例の（Ｘ）システムとにδけ
るスタ、りの積層方向の温度分布を示すグラフである。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a molten carbonate fuel cell according to an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a molten carbonate fuel cell (manifold 6 is omitted), and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a molten carbonate fuel cell according to an example of the present invention. It is a graph showing the temperature distribution in the stacking direction of the star and ri in the (A) system and the (X) system of a comparative example at δ.
〔実施例：
第１図に示すようＳ：、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池は、図示
しない電極（アノードとカソード）、電解質板、コルゲ
ート等から成る箱状の電池本体１・１（発電量：１ｋＷ
）を有しており、これら電池本体１・１間には、カソー
ドガスを予熱するだめの箱型の予熱器２が設けられてい
る。この予熱器２は５ＵＳ３１６Ｌから成り、内部には
Ａｔ２ｚＯｓが充填されている。また、上記電池本体１
・１と予熱器２とによりスタック１０が構成される。[Example: As shown in FIG. 1, a molten carbonate fuel cell consists of a box-shaped battery body 1.1 (power generation: 1 kW) consisting of electrodes (anode and cathode), electrolyte plates, corrugates, etc. (not shown).
), and a box-shaped preheater 2 for preheating the cathode gas is provided between the battery bodies 1 and 1. This preheater 2 is made of 5US316L, and the inside is filled with At2zOs. In addition, the above battery body 1
- Stack 10 is constituted by 1 and preheater 2.
上記電池本体１・１の一方の側面１ａには、第２図に示
すように、電池本体１・１からのカソード排ガスを排出
するためのマニホールド４が設けられ、上記予熱器２の
一方の側面２ａには、予熱器２にカソードガスを供給す
るためのマニホールド５が配置されている。また、上記
電池本体１・１と予熱器２との他方の側面１ｂ・２ｂに
は、上記予熱器２によって温められたカソードガスを電
池本体１・１０カソードに供給するためのマニホールド
３が設けられている。As shown in FIG. 2, a manifold 4 for discharging cathode exhaust gas from the battery bodies 1/1 is provided on one side 1a of the battery bodies 1/1, and a manifold 4 is provided on one side 1a of the preheater 2. A manifold 5 for supplying cathode gas to the preheater 2 is arranged at 2a. Further, on the other side surfaces 1b and 2b of the battery bodies 1 and the preheater 2, a manifold 3 is provided for supplying the cathode gas warmed by the preheater 2 to the cathode of the battery bodies 1 and 10. ing.
一方、電池本体１・１の正面ＩＣには、アノードガスを
電池本体１・１に供給するためのマニホールド６が設け
られ、電池本体ｌ・１の背面１ｄには、電池本体１・１
からのアノード排ガスを排出するためのマニホールド７
が設けられいる。On the other hand, the front IC of the battery body 1.1 is provided with a manifold 6 for supplying anode gas to the battery body 1.1, and the back surface 1d of the battery body 1.1 is provided with a manifold 6 for supplying anode gas to the battery body 1.1.
Manifold 7 for discharging anode exhaust gas from
is provided.
ここで、上記構造の燃料電池では、以下のようにして反
応ガスが供給される。Here, in the fuel cell having the above structure, the reaction gas is supplied as follows.
即ち、カソードガスは、マニホールド５から供給され、
予熱器２に与えられる。この予熱器２内のＡｌ２Ｏ，は
発電による熱によって予熱されているため、カソードガ
スがＡｌ２Ｏ，を通過する際に予熱される。そして、予
熱されたカソードガスは、マニホールド３を介して電池
本体ｌ・１のカソードに与えられる。その後、発電に寄
与して、マニホールド４から排出される。That is, the cathode gas is supplied from the manifold 5,
is applied to preheater 2. Since the Al2O in the preheater 2 is preheated by heat generated by power generation, the cathode gas is preheated when it passes through the Al2O. The preheated cathode gas is then supplied to the cathode of the battery main body l.1 via the manifold 3. Thereafter, it contributes to power generation and is discharged from the manifold 4.
一方、アノードガスは、マニホールド６から電池本体１
・１のアノードに供給され、発電に寄与した後、マニホ
ールド７を介して排出される。On the other hand, the anode gas is supplied from the manifold 6 to the battery body 1.
・After being supplied to the anode 1 and contributing to power generation, it is discharged via the manifold 7.
尚、上記の場合において、アノードガスが、予熱器２に
供給される前の温度は２５°Ｃであるのに対して、予熱
器２を通過した後の温度は６１２°Ｃであり、十分に予
熱されていることが確認、された。In the above case, the temperature of the anode gas before being supplied to the preheater 2 is 25°C, whereas the temperature after passing through the preheater 2 is 612°C, which is sufficient. It was confirmed that it was preheated.
このような構造の燃料電池システムを、以下（Ａ）シス
テムと称する。A fuel cell system having such a structure is hereinafter referred to as the (A) system.
電池本体間に予熱器を設けず、第５図に示すように電池
外に設けられた熱交換器２４によりアノードガスを予熱
する他は、上記実施例と同様の構造である。The structure is similar to that of the above embodiment except that no preheater is provided between the battery bodies and the anode gas is preheated by a heat exchanger 24 provided outside the battery as shown in FIG.
このような構造の燃料電池システムを、以下（Ｘ）シス
テムと称する。A fuel cell system having such a structure is hereinafter referred to as an (X) system.
〔実験〕
上記本発明の（Ａ）システムと比較例の（Ｘ）システム
とにおいて、スタックの積層方向の温度分布を調べたの
で、その結果を第３図に示す。[Experiment] The temperature distribution in the stacking direction of the stack was investigated in the system (A) of the present invention and the system (X) of the comparative example, and the results are shown in FIG.
第３図から明らかなように、比較例の（Ｘ）システムで
は、スタックの中央部分で著しい温度上昇が認められ、
且つスタックにおける温度差が５０°Ｃａこも達してい
る。これに対して、本発明の（Ａ）システムでは、スク
ノクにおける温度差が２５°Ｃ程度であって温度分布が
均一化されていることが認められる。As is clear from FIG. 3, in the comparative example (X) system, a significant temperature increase was observed in the center of the stack.
Moreover, the temperature difference in the stack reached as much as 50°Ca. On the other hand, in the system (A) of the present invention, the temperature difference in the sukunoku is about 25°C, and it is recognized that the temperature distribution is uniform.
更に、本発明の（Ａ）システムと比較例の（Ｘ）システ
ムとのシステム効率を調べたところ、（Ａ）システムは
（Ｘ）システムに比べて、効率が約２％向上しているこ
とが認められた。Furthermore, when we investigated the system efficiency of the (A) system of the present invention and the comparative example (X) system, we found that the efficiency of the (A) system was improved by about 2% compared to the (X) system. Admitted.
尚、上記実施例においては、カソードガスのみを予熱し
ているが、本発明はアノードガスにも通用できることは
勿論である。In the above embodiments, only the cathode gas is preheated, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the anode gas.
また、上記実施例では、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池を用いて
いるが、他の燃料電池にも本発明を適用しうることは勿
論である。Further, in the above embodiments, a molten carbonate fuel cell is used, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to other fuel cells.
光亙少四釆
以上説明したように本発明によれば、電池外に熱交換器
を設ける必要がなくなり、且つ反応ガスの予熱のための
電力が不要となる。この結果、熱交換効率が向上するの
で、システム効率が向上すると共に、燃料電池システム
を小型化することができ、且つ設備費用を低減すること
ができる。As explained above, according to the present invention, there is no need to provide a heat exchanger outside the battery, and there is no need for electric power for preheating the reaction gas. As a result, heat exchange efficiency is improved, so system efficiency is improved, the fuel cell system can be downsized, and equipment costs can be reduced.
加えて、電池同温度が適性な温度に維持されるので、電
池構成材が腐食するのを抑制でき、これにより電池寿命
が飛躍的に長くなるといった優れた効果を奏する。In addition, since the temperature of the battery is maintained at an appropriate temperature, corrosion of the battery constituent materials can be suppressed, resulting in an excellent effect of dramatically extending the battery life.
第１図は本発明の一例に係る熔融炭酸塩型燃料電池の分
解斜視図、第２図は溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の正面図（マ
ニホールド６は省略）、第３図は本発明の（Ａ）システ
ムと比較例の（Ｘ）システムとにおけるスタックの積層
方向の温度分布を示すグラフ、第４図は従来のカソード
ガス予熱方式の概略図、第５図は従来の燃料電池システ
ムの概略図である。
１・・・電池本体、２・・・予熱器、３・４・５・・・
マニホールド。
特許出願人：三洋電機 株式会社FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a molten carbonate fuel cell according to an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the molten carbonate fuel cell (manifold 6 is omitted), and FIG. ) system and the comparative example (X) system, a graph showing the temperature distribution in the stack stack direction, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional cathode gas preheating method, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fuel cell system. be. 1... Battery body, 2... Preheater, 3, 4, 5...
manifold. Patent applicant: Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
料電池システムにおいて、 上記反応ガスを予熱する予熱手段は、燃料電池内に内蔵
されていることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。(1) A fuel cell system in which a reactant gas is preheated and then supplied into the fuel cell, wherein a preheating means for preheating the reactant gas is built in the fuel cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2310704A JPH04181657A (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1990-11-15 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2310704A JPH04181657A (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1990-11-15 | Fuel cell system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04181657A true JPH04181657A (en) | 1992-06-29 |
Family
ID=18008469
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2310704A Pending JPH04181657A (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1990-11-15 | Fuel cell system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04181657A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013065757A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| WO2015087913A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
-
1990
- 1990-11-15 JP JP2310704A patent/JPH04181657A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013065757A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| JP5636496B2 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-12-03 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| US10224555B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2019-03-05 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| WO2015087913A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| JP6093452B2 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-03-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
| US10181608B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2019-01-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell module |
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