JPH04173530A - Device for breaking bag and loosening content thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a device capable of breaking waste bags and loosening the contents in a manner to effect a continuous sorting of the waste into its bag and contents by providing a pressure plate for resiliently' controlling the movement of the waste being carried on an endless conveyor by being caught by projections thereon and a receiving plate parallel to the conveyor for receiving the waste contents removed from the broken bags and loosened. CONSTITUTION:The waste bags X being dumped on an endless chain conveyor 5 are caught by square-shaped projections 6 thereon to be carried upward. A predetermined resilient force is then exerted on the waste bags X by a pressure plate 7 provided near the top edge of an opening 2 in an attempt to hold the bags back. Since the projections 6 move upward with a force overcoming this resilient force, however, the projections 6 continue to move upward while breaking the waste bag X. For this reason, the contents X' are dropped and scattered from the broken waste bags X during upward movement and received by and dropped along a receiving plate 10 onto a conveyor 12 below to be recovered. As a result, this method permits a continuous, accurate removal from the bags or loosening of the waste without requiring manual operation and enables the contents and forein materials to be shaken off so as to be sorted out, whereby the waste can be disposed extremely efficiently.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a bag-breaking device used for breaking garbage bags and loosening clumps of chips.

[Conventional technology]

Garbage and waste generated from households, offices, etc. are generally collected in bags or boxes at garbage disposal sites for easy transportation. These garbage and wastes include a variety of miscellaneous items such as explosive hazardous materials, flame retardant materials such as plastics, metals, wood, paper, etc., so tear up garbage bags and boxes before disposing of them. The contents are removed from bags and separated according to the type of processing equipment at the processing plant.

Several attempts have been made to use bag-breaking machines for such bag-breaking work, but they are inefficient and can hardly be used practically, so in reality, human-based tactics have been used. Currently, the bags and boxes are torn.

Also, when processing industrial waste such as lumps of chips (commonly known as shavings) generated when machining metals with machine tools, etc., these are generally placed in a suitable container such as a drum. and sent to a reprocessing plant.

These chips are made of metal cutting chips connected in a string, but since the cut ends of metal rods, etc. are included in a certain volume of these lumps, they are compressed and melted. Accidents often occur in which compressors, etc. break down during recycling.

Therefore, in order to prevent such accidents, foreign matter contained in the lump of chips is manually removed as much as possible in advance. Alternatively, in some cases, a method of shaking off foreign objects by applying a mechanical vibration device is adopted.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, as an example of the conventional bag-breaking machine mentioned above,
There are known devices in which a large rotary drum is provided with protrusions, or in which two rolls are provided facing each other in a casing and the rolls are provided with protrusions.

However, the above-mentioned conventional method has the drawback that the force that hooks the protrusions on the garbage bag is difficult to work, and the bag cannot be reliably broken.Also, the garbage bag, etc. gets tangled or wrapped around the roll, and the contents are continuously removed. I couldn't do that.

Furthermore, since the contents and their bags and boxes come out of the same outlet, they must be sorted during actual processing, and this sorting requires manpower, making it difficult to streamline operations. Not enough.

In addition, the method using a mechanical vibration device when recycling chips has the disadvantage that even if you try to shake off the foreign matter contained in the lump of chips, the foreign matter enclosed in the chips cannot be completely removed. .

This invention was made in view of the current state of the conventional bag-breaking work, etc. mentioned above, and its purpose is to hook the waste discharged from the hopper with the angular protrusion of the conveyor and send it to the machine without manual intervention. To provide a bag tearing and loosening device which can continuously and reliably tear or loosen bags by force, and can also continuously sort waste into bags and their contents.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a hopper that receives waste such as garbage bags and clumps of chips, and a roll that adjusts the discharge amount near the discharge port and a roll that adjusts the discharge amount at a position protruding from the discharge port. A plurality of endless conveyors are arranged, and each conveyor is provided with angular protrusions at a predetermined pitch. The structure of the bag breaking and loosening device is such that a holding plate is provided at an appropriate position to suppress the bag breakage and a receiving plate is provided in parallel with the conveyor to receive the contents of the broken and loosened waste.

It is preferable that the presser plate is formed into a comb-teeth shape, and its base is pivotally supported via an elastic member.

Further, the roll is formed of a main roll for sending out waste and a sub-roll provided at an appropriate interval with respect to the main roll, and the main roll is rotatable in the feeding direction and the sub-roll is rotatable in both forward and reverse directions.

Furthermore, in contrast to the bag breaking and loosening device having the above configuration, a comb-like removal plate is provided at the conveying end position of the endless conveyor for removing bags, etc. entangled with the square projections. can also be adopted.

[Effect]

The bag tearing and loosening device according to the present invention configured as described above is installed as the first step in a garbage disposal plant, industrial waste treatment, recycling hot water, or the like.

Therefore, the contents, foreign matter, etc., which are torn and peeled off by the bag breaking and loosening device and taken out, are then sent to a crusher or the like for disposal.

When installed in a garbage disposal site, it is used as a bag-breaking device, and garbage collected from general households is placed in garbage bags or boxes and thrown into the hopper of the bag-breaking device.

The garbage device placed in the hopper is sent out while stably adjusting the amount of garbage to be discharged by a roll provided near the discharge port.

The garbage is hooked onto the protrusion of an endless conveyor and sent.
It hits the presser plate set in the middle. This presser plate hits the garbage devices and presses them elastically. Since the garbage device is conveyed with a force that overcomes this elastic force, the bag is torn by the protrusion that hooked the garbage device.

The garbage package is torn into bags and transported further, and the contents fall out during the transport. The fallen contents are caught by a receiving plate, collected in one place, and sent to the next process.

On the other hand, even after the contents have been taken out, the broken bag is caught on the protrusion or is sent around the protrusion, so that it is separated from the contents and sent to another conveyor or the like.

In this case, if a removal plate is provided at the conveyance end of the endless conveyor, bags entangled with the protrusions are automatically removed.

Note that if the presser plate is formed in a comb-teeth shape, the garbage device receives the necessary elastic force when passing between the comb teeth, which is extremely convenient for providing a bag-breaking effect. .

Furthermore, when this device is used as a loosening device in industrial waste treatment or recycled hot water, for example, lumps of chips are thrown into the device.

In this case as well, the basic operation is the same, but instead of breaking the bag, the lump of chips is cut into grooves, and the foreign matter falls from the grooves.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic side view (including a partial sectional view) of the bag tearing device of this embodiment.

The bag loosening device includes a hopper 1 provided at an appropriate height. Near the lower open end 2 of the punch 1, a roll 3 with a large diameter and a roll 4 with a small diameter are rotatably provided at a predetermined distance from each other.

These rolls 3.4 are rotationally driven by an appropriate drive device (not shown), but the roll 3 is rotated only in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, and the roll 4 is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in both forward and reverse directions.

Each of the rolls 3.4 is provided with protrusions 3' and 4' on its outer periphery, respectively, and these protrusions 3' and 4' have relatively flat tips.

This is to make it easier for this roll 3.4 to send out dust, lumps of chips, etc. Further, the distance between the rolls 3 and 4 is determined to be appropriate for stably discharging the amount of waste equipment to be processed.

At a position extending from the lower open end 2 of the hopper 1, a plurality of mutually parallel endless chain conveyors 5, which start conveyance at this position, are provided diagonally upward. Each chain conveyor 5 is provided with a plurality of sharp angular protrusions 6 at a predetermined pitch.

Further, near the upper edge of the opening end 2, there is provided a holding plate 7 for suppressing the movement of garbage devices, lumps of chips, etc. that are caught on the square projections 6 of the endless chain conveyor 5 and sent. It is being

As shown in FIG. 3, the holding plate 7 is formed into a comb-teeth shape with a portion through which the endless chain conveyor 5 and its angular projections 6 pass. This presser plate 7 has a spring member (not shown) incorporated in its base, which is attached near the upper edge of the open end 2 of the hopper.

This spring member applies an elastic force to suppress the movement of the dust device, the lump of chips, etc. when the object passes through the position of the holding plate 7. The magnitude of the elastic force is such that, by applying this elastic force to the waste arrangement, a lump of chips, etc., the angular protrusion 6 breaks the waste arrangement or loosens the lump of chips. Set it as follows.

In addition, instead of the above spring member, the base of the presser plate 7 may be fixed,
The entire presser plate 7 may be made of an elastic plate.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a roll-up prevention plate, which is used to prevent dust pieces, chips, etc., which are larger as the holding plate 7 is pushed up to the maximum angle, from rolling up when passing through.

S is a guide rail of the endless chain conveyor 5, which is provided over an appropriate length inside the conveyor. Further, inside the endless chain conveyor 5, a flat receiving plate 10 is provided below the guide rail 9 and is fixed to a casing 11. The receiving plate 10 receives falling contents such as torn garbage bags or loosened chunks of chips, collects them, and sends them to another conveyor 12 provided below the hopper 1. . 13 is a conveyor for feeding in another direction.

Although the receiving plate 10 is flat in this embodiment, it may be provided as a chevron-shaped or inclined plate as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b). In that case, the contents are discharged along the length of the endless chain conveyor 5, so the endless chain conveyor 5 does not need to be provided in an inclined manner as shown in FIG. 1, but may be provided horizontally.

A removal plate 14 is provided at the conveyance end of the endless chain conveyor 5. As shown in the figure, the removal plate 14 is formed in a comb-teeth shape and is provided in a semicircular shape along the shape of the conveyor transport end.

In the removal plate 14, bags, boxes, or chips entangled with the square projections 6 are peeled off by a removal plate inserted into the base of the projections 6, and these are transferred to another conveyor 15.

On the endless chain conveyor 5, even after the bags, boxes, or chips have been removed by the removal plate 14, various small particles still adhere to the conveyor itself, and when the conveyor chain is turned over and its outer surface faces downward, these particles Because garbage falls,
Another receiving plate 16 for receiving this small dirt is provided below the conveyor, and the waste collected by this receiving plate 16 is collected in a dust container 17 on the ground.

When garbage bags are thrown into the device of this embodiment constructed as described above, it functions as a bag tearing device. Garbage bags also include cardboard boxes.

When garbage bags are put into the hopper 1, the garbage bags are sent out through the open end 2 by the roll 3, and at this time, an appropriate amount is sent out by the action with the roll 4. When the amount of feed by the roll 3 is too large, the roll 4 is reversed to adjust the amount of feed to an appropriate amount.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), the garbage bags X that have been sent out are hooked on the square projections 6 of the endless chain conveyor 5 and are carried upward. Then, a predetermined elastic force is applied to the garbage bags X by the press plate 7 provided near the upper edge of the open end 2, and the garbage bags X are pushed back. However, the force that overcomes this elastic force moves the protrusion 6 upward, so the protrusion 6 breaks the garbage bag W4x and moves upward.

Therefore, while the garbage bag IIX is rising, the contents X' of the torn garbage bags X are scattered and fall (see FIG. It is caught by the conveyor 12 below and collected, and is further sent on another conveyor 13 or the like. Although not shown, a crusher or the like is connected after the conveyor 13.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5(C), the torn garbage bag lx itself is entangled with the protrusion 6 and sent upward, and when it reaches the conveyance end of the conveyor, it is stripped off from the protrusion 6 by the removal plate 14. . The subsequent processing is as described above.

When using it as a loosening device by inserting chunks of chips,
The basic action is the same, but the only difference is that grooves of the protrusions 6 are formed in the scraped lump of chips, and foreign matter falls from the grooves.

When used as a loosening device, the number of threads of the endless chain conveyor is preferably increased to generate grooves at shorter intervals than when used as a bag tearing device so that as many foreign substances as possible can be removed.

〔effect〕

As explained in detail above, the waste such as garbage bags and lumps of chips that are stably sent from the hopper is hooked onto the square protrusions provided on the conveyor and conveyed using the presser plate provided along the way. Since the bags are broken or loosened using a single protrusion while applying force to suppress their passage, it is possible to continuously and reliably break or loosen waste bags without manual intervention, and after the bag-breaking or loosening work is completed. Garbage bags and clumps of chips that are caught or tangled in the protrusions are further fed, their contents and foreign matter are shaken off, separated and sorted, and the advantage is that the work can be carried out extremely efficiently.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main vertical cross-sectional view showing the overall schematic configuration of an embodiment of the bag tearing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a line shown in FIG.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken from line ■-■ in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a diagram showing another modification of the structure of the receiving plate, and Fig. 5 is a bag-breaking effect. This is a ward that explains 1...Hopper, 2...Open end, 3.4...Roll, 5...Endless chain conveyor, 6...
Claw, 7...Press plate, 10...
...Receiving plate, 14...Removal plate. Patent applicant: Ribota Co., Ltd. Agent: Kama 1) Bun 2 No. 4
Figure (a) (b) Figure 5 (a)

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) For a hopper that receives waste such as garbage bags and clumps of chips, a roll to adjust the amount of discharge is installed near the discharge port, and a plurality of endless conveyors are placed at the position where it exits the discharge port. Each conveyor is provided with angular protrusions at a predetermined pitch, and retaining plates are provided at appropriate positions to elastically suppress the movement of waste that is caught on the protrusions and sent to this endless conveyor. A bag breaking and loosening device is characterized in that a receiving plate for receiving contents of bagged waste is provided in parallel with a conveyor. (2) The bag tearing device according to claim 1, wherein the presser plate is formed in a comb-teeth shape. (3) The bag tearing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base of the presser plate is pivotally supported via an elastic member. (4) The roll is formed of a main roll for sending out waste and a sub roll provided at an appropriate interval relative to the main roll, and the main roll is rotatable in the feeding direction and the sub roll is rotatable in both forward and reverse directions. The bag tearing device according to any one of claims (1) to (3). (5) A comb-like removal plate is provided at the conveyance end position of the endless conveyor for removing bags and the like entangled with the angular protrusions. The bag breaking loosening device according to any one of the above.