JPH04172193A - Method for alloying al series base material with cladding by welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a alloyed layer with cladding by welding poor in defects such as peeling and cracks, etc., excellent in heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., by supplying copper series cladding by welding material of a specified composition and alloying the cladding by welding material with Al in base metal through irradiation with a high density energy source. CONSTITUTION:Copper series welding by welding material 5 wherein, by weight 0-5% Al, 3-6% Ni, 3-6% Fe are contained and the balance Cu and unavoidable impurities is supplied and irradiated with a high density energy source 1. The copper series cladding by welding material 5 and Al in Al series base metal 3 are diffused to each other and uniform and a brittle intermediate layer is not formed between the cladding by welding layer and the base layer and a good alloyed layer 8 with cladding be welding excellent in heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance as an alloyed structure is obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) This invention provides heat resistance to aluminum base materials. The present invention relates to a method for overlaying an aluminum base material, which is used to overlay a copper overlay alloy material with excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. (Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method for forming a copper-based overlay alloy material onto an aluminum base material, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-1
There is a method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6894, and a build-up method that can be widely applied to aluminum-based members is, for example, a method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 150014/1983. In such a conventional overlay alloying method for an aluminum base material, the dilution of aluminum from the base metal is kept to a small level to obtain the desired performance without changing the chemical composition of the overlay layer. It had become. (Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in the conventional case, an intermediate layer is provided between the built-up layer and the base material, and in this intermediate layer, diffusion of aluminum occurs from the base material, resulting in aluminum A hard and brittle alloy layer is formed due to the ram richness, and cracks are often observed in this part during polishing or grinding, so there are still problems in using it as a practical material. (Purpose of the Invention) This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to set only the aluminum content in the copper alloy, which is the overlay material, to be lower than the desired alloy composition. , solves the above problems by performing build-up using a high-density energy source to achieve the desired alloy composition by alloying with aluminum in the base material and preventing the formation of a brittle intermediate alloy layer, This makes it heat resistant. The purpose is to provide aluminum-based members with excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The method of overlaying an aluminum base material according to the present invention provides heat resistance to the aluminum base material. A method of forming a copper overlay alloy material with excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. by irradiation with a high-density energy source, in which the weight percentage is AI: 0 to 5%, Ni: 3 to 6. %, F
A copper alloy overlay material containing 3 to 6% e: with the remainder consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities is supplied by a powder supply device, etc., and overlay alloying is performed by irradiation with a high-density energy source. It is characterized by a structure in which overlay alloying is performed in which a brittle intermediate alloy layer is not formed between the base material and the overlay alloyed layer by alloying with aluminum, and if necessary, in embodiments. , when supplying the copper alloy overlay material in the form of powder, the supply amount of the powder is 1
0 to 30 g/min, and when a laser is used as the high-density energy source, the laser power density is 240 to 3000 W/mm2. The structure of the invention relating to a method of overlaying and alloying a material is a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems. Next, reasons for limiting the metal composition of the copper-based overlay material used in the present invention will be described. Although AI is effective in improving tensile strength and hardness, if it exceeds 5% by weight, the toughness deteriorates due to dilution after overlay alloying, so it is limited to 0 to 5% by weight. And more preferably 0 to 2% by weight. Fe is effective in effectively refining and toughening the structure, but if it is less than 3% by weight, the effect is small, and if it is more than 6% by weight, it deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the alloy. Therefore, Fe was limited to 3 to 6% by weight. Ni is effective in effectively refining and toughening the structure, but when the ratio to the amount of Fe added exceeds 1.8, the dispersion state becomes uneven. Therefore, Ni was limited to 3 to 6% by weight. Furthermore, in the present invention, which describes the supply mode of the copper-based build-up material and the high-density energy source employed in the present invention, it is more preferable that the copper-based build-up material is supplied in the form of powder. In this case, it is particularly preferable that the powder supply amount be 10 to 3 Qg/min. That is, the powder supply amount is Log/mi
If it is less than n, the amount of powder supplied will be insufficient compared to the melting of the base material aluminum, and the base material aluminum will be diluted too much, and the amount of aluminum alloy in the build-up layer will exceed 10% by weight, and as shown in Fig. 6. This is because, as shown, the toughness tends to decrease, and conversely, when the powder supply rate exceeds 30 g/min, an alloy layer tends to be formed at the interface with the aluminum base material. In addition, a laser can be used as a high-density energy source, but in this case, the laser power density can be increased to 24
It is particularly preferable to set it to 0-3000w/mm2. In other words, if the laser power density is lower than 240 w/mm2, the amount of melting of the aluminum base material will be small, and an alloy layer will tend to be formed at the interface with the aluminum base material. If it is too large, a uniform overlay alloy layer can be obtained, but the base material aluminum will be diluted too much, and the aluminum content of the overlay layer will exceed 10% by weight, resulting in a decrease in toughness as shown in Figure 6. This is because there is a tendency to (Example) Example 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a state in which a method for overlaying alloying on an aluminum base material according to a first example of the present invention is being carried out. , 1 is a laser beam that is a high-density energy source, and is irradiated from a laser generator (not shown), shaped into an appropriate size through a condenser lens 2, and irradiated onto the processing surface. 3 is an aluminum base material, and this aluminum base material 3 is moved by a processing table 4 in the processing direction. This aluminum base material 3
Compared to alloy compositions that exhibit good wear resistance, A
Powdered copper-based overlay material 5 with only reduced I content is supplied from a powder supply device 6 through a powder supply nozzle 7 . 8 is a built-up alloy layer. In the present invention, in order to actively cause dilution by the aluminum-based base material 3, the AI in the copper-based overlay material 5 and the aluminum-based base material 3 are mutually diffused and are uniform and brittle between the base material and the base material. No intermediate layer is formed, and as a result, a good built-up alloyed layer 8 having excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. as an alloy composition is obtained. 9 is a shield gas, which is used to protect the overlay processing area from oxidation reactions and the like. In this example, as the copper-based overlay material 5, Al
:2%, Ni:5%, Fe:3%, and the balance is Cu.
and unavoidable impurities. Moreover, the average particle size was 100 μm. Laser irradiation conditions were: laser output: 3°0kW, output mode: multimode, beam diameter: 1.4mm, relative movement speed: 5mm/s
, Shield gas: Ar, Shield gas flow rate: 1
Overlay alloying was performed at a powder feed rate of 15.42 g/min and a powder supply rate of 15.42 g/min. In addition, as a comparison copper-based overlay material 5, Al:
10%, Ni: 5%, Fe: 3%, and the balance is Cu.
The other laser irradiation conditions were the same, using powders consisting of and unavoidable impurities. FIG. 2 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of the laser-deposited alloyed layer 8 obtained in Example 1 as described above, and FIG. 3 is a micrograph showing the metallographic structure of the laser-deposited alloyed layer 8 obtained in Example 1 of the present invention. Graph showing the hardness distribution of No. 8, FIG. 4 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of the laser deposited alloy layer 8 obtained in a comparative example of the present invention, and FIG. It is a graph showing the hardness distribution of the laser deposited alloy layer 8. As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, according to this example, overlay alloying is possible without forming a brittle intermediate layer between the aluminum base material 3 and the copper overlay material 5. On the other hand, as is clear from FIGS. 4 and 5, in the conventional method, a hard and brittle intermediate layer is formed between the aluminum-based base material 3 and the copper-based overlay material 5. I can see that it has been done. Example 2 Next, a second example will be shown. Here, copper-based overlay material 5
As, average particle size 100μm, weight%, AI: 2%
, using a powder containing 5% Ni, 3% Fe, and the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities, output mode: multimode, relative movement speed + 0. 2m/min,
Shielding gas: Ar. The build-up alloying process was performed under various laser irradiation conditions shown in Table 1, with the shielding gas flow rate: 10 1/min constant, thereby forming the build-up alloy layer 8. Figure 7 is a graph summarizing the characteristics of the obtained overlay alloyed layer, Figure 8 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of the laser overlay alloyed layer obtained under condition C, and Figure 9 is FIG. 10 is a micrograph showing the metal structure of the laser-deposited alloyed layer obtained under the conditions. FIG. 10 is a micrograph showing the hardness distribution of the laser-deposited alloyed layer obtained under the conditions. As is clear from Table 1 and Figure 7, when the powder supply amount of powdered copper-based overlay material is 10 to 30 g/min and the laser power density is within the range of 240 to 3500 W/mm2, various It can be seen that a built-up alloy layer has been obtained. On the other hand, as is clear from Fig. 8, if the powder supply amount of the copper-based overlay material is less than 10 g/min, the powder supply amount will be insufficient compared to the melting of the aluminum base material, and the dilution of the base aluminum will occur. It can be seen that cracks are generated within the overlay alloy layer because the gap increases. Furthermore, as is clear from Figures 9 and 10, when the laser power density exceeds 3000 W/mm', a uniform overlay alloy layer can be obtained, but the amount of dilution of the aluminum base material is large (it becomes too hard). It can be seen that cracks have also occurred in the overlay alloy layer.As explained above, according to the present invention, the structure can be improved by using overlay materials. By setting only the aluminum content in a certain copper alloy to be lower than the desired alloy composition,
We decided to perform overlay alloying using a high-density energy source to achieve the desired alloy composition by alloying with aluminum in the base material, and to perform overlay alloying without forming a brittle intermediate alloy layer. It is said that it is possible to obtain a good overlay alloy layer with few defects such as cracks and excellent heat resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and to provide lightweight parts with excellent heat resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. A great effect is brought about.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a method for overlaying alloying on an aluminum base material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a method for overlaying alloying on an aluminum base material according to an embodiment of the present invention. A micrograph showing the metal structure of the deposited alloyed layer, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the hardness distribution of the laser deposited alloyed layer obtained in Example 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a comparative example of the present invention. A micrograph showing the metal structure of the obtained laser-deposited alloyed layer, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the hardness distribution of the laser-deposited alloyed layer obtained in a comparative example of the present invention,
Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between aluminum content and mechanical properties in a copper-based overlay material, Figure 7 is a graph summarizing the characteristics of the obtained overlay alloy layer, and Figure 8 is a micrograph showing the metallographic structure of the laser-deposited alloyed layer obtained under condition C in Table 1, and FIG. 9 shows the metallographic structure of the laser-deposited alloyed layer obtained under the conditions in Table 1. FIG. 10 is a micrograph showing the hardness distribution of the laser deposited alloyed layer obtained under the conditions shown in Table 1. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Laser light (high-density energy source), 3... Aluminum-based base material, 5... Copper-based overlay material, 8... Overlay alloy layer. Patent applicant Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Patent attorney Yutaka Oshio 1111 Figure 2 Uiffl Figure 4 Figure 5 Cu-fOAI-5Ni-3Fg 116 Figure 412% Figure 7 (xlO)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A method of forming a copper overlay alloy material with excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. onto an aluminum base material by irradiating it with a high-density energy source, the method comprises: A copper-based overlay material containing Al: 0 to 5%, Ni: 3 to 6%, and Fe: 3 to 6%, with the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities is supplied, and the overlay material is irradiated with a high-density energy source. An aluminum system characterized by performing overlay alloying and alloying with aluminum in the base material so that a brittle intermediate alloy layer is not formed between the base material and the overlay alloy layer. Method for overlaying alloying on base metal.