JPH04124477A - Closed type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce sliding loss so as to improve energy efficiency and also decrease thrust noise by providing plural shallow spiral grooves, narrowed toward the outside from the inside, on either one or both of the upper and lower faces of a thrust washer. CONSTITUTION:Refrigerator oil 25 supplied to the load face 33 of a bearing 29 is fed between the lower face 36 of a thrust washer 34 and the load face 33, and between an upper face 35 and the thrust of a crankshaft 26 so as to enable fluid lubrication on both sides. The thrust washer 34 is rotated with delay in relation to the rotating peripheral speed of the crankshaft 26. However, since there are provided spiral grooves 37 narrowed toward the outside from the inside, pressure rises during the time of the refrigerator oil 25 reaching the seal part 41 from the inlet port 40 of the spiral groove 37, thus obtaining sufficient fluid lubrication. The improvement of energy efficiency can be thereby obtained, and also thrust noise can be reduced considerably by the sufficient fluid lubrication and the lowering of relative sliding speed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor (hereinafter referred to as a compressor) used in refrigeration equipment such as refrigerators and near conditioners.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, compressors have become space-saving, cost-effective, and highly efficient. In addition, people are starting to pay more attention to even the smallest noises.

A conventional compressor will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional compressor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-85270. FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a portion of FIG. 4.

4 and 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor consisting of an electric element 3 and a compression element 4 housed in a closed case 2. In FIG. 5 is a cylinder constituting the compression element 4, and the electric element 3
The cylinder head 7 includes a piston 6 that reciprocates in the horizontal direction by the power of the engine, and a cylinder head 7 having a suction valve, a spout valve, and a pulp plate (all not shown). Reference numeral 8 denotes a crankshaft made of cast iron, which is loosely fitted into a bearing 8a made of cast iron, and receives the load of the rotor 8C on a thrust surface 8b, and rotates the rotor 8C through a connecting rod 1o loosely fitted into a braided core part 9. This is converted into a reciprocating motion of the piston 6. 10a is the large end of the connecting rod 1o. Reference numeral 11 indicates refrigerating machine oil stored at the bottom of the sealed case 2, and reference numeral 12 indicates a suction muffler 13. Said cylinder 5
．． This is a discharge pipe that guides the refrigerant gas compressed through the discharge muffler 14 to the outside of the sealed case 2. Further, an oil supply hole 16 is provided in the main shaft 16 of the crankshaft 8, and an oil groove 17 is cut in a portion of the crankshaft 8 that slides on the bearing 8a.

The operation of the compressor configured as above will be explained below. When the rotor 3 rotates, the crankshaft 8 converts the rotation into a reciprocating motion and transmits it to the piston 6 via the large end 10a of the connecting rod 1o loosely fitted in the braided core 9 and the connecting rod 1o, and compresses the refrigerant gas. It will be done. Furthermore, due to its rotation, the crankshaft 8
Refrigerating machine oil 12 stored at the bottom of a sealed case 2 is sucked up. The refrigerating machine oil 12 is guided to the bearing 8a by the centrifugal pump force of the oil supply hole 16a, passes through the oil groove 17, and is supplied to the thrust surface 8b. Furthermore, the refrigerating machine oil 1
2 is sprayed out and applied to the piston 6 and cylinder 5 of the compression element 4 and the inner surface of the sealed case 2. Refrigerating machine oil 12
is the thrust surface 8b of the crankshaft 8 and bearing 8a.

It is supplied to the sliding parts of the connecting rod 6 and cylinder 6, and is used to lubricate the sliding parts.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, since the crankshaft 8 and the bearing 8a slide against each other on the thrust surface 8b, the coefficient of friction is large, energy is consumed, and the input is large. There were certain issues to be solved. Also, since the crankshaft 8 and bearing 8& are sliding at high speed,
Another problem was that it generated noise called thrust noise.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a compressor that reduces sliding loss, reduces input, improves energy efficiency, and reduces thrust noise.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the compressor of the present invention has the following features:
A bearing that pivotally supports a crankshaft and receives a load from a rotor on a thrust surface, and a thrust washer that comes into contact with the thrust surface of the bearing and a load surface of the crankshaft and is loosely fitted to the crankshaft, The thrust washer has a structure in which a plurality of shallow spiral grooves are provided on either one or both of the upper surface of the washer or the lower surface of the washer, and the width thereof becomes narrower from the inside toward the outside. Further, the thrust washer is made of silicon carbide ceramic and Mataha engineering plastic.

Function The present invention has the above-described configuration, so that the thrust washer can
In addition to reducing the circumferential speed between the thrust surface of the bearing and the load surface of the crankshaft, the spiral groove formed in the thrust washer generates hydraulic pressure due to the inflow of refrigerating machine oil and forms a sufficient oil film to prevent sliding. This reduces dynamic loss, reduces input, and provides a highly energy-efficient compressor.
It is possible to reduce the generation of thrust noise (squeaking noise caused by partial metal contact) caused by sliding, and to provide a low-noise compressor. Also,
These effects can be further enhanced by constructing the thrust washer with a low-sliding material such as silicon carbide ceramic or engineering plastic.

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the internal structure of a compressor in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged view of the thrust washer. Note that the arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of refrigerating machine oil supply. 1 to 3, 21 is a compressor, 22 is a closed case, electric element 23. compression element 24. Refrigerating machine oil 25 is stored. The compression element 24 connects the crankshaft 26 to the crankshaft 2
The rotor 2 constitutes the electric element 23 with the thrust surface 27 of 6.
8 bearing 29 and cylinder 30° piston 31. It is composed of a cylinder head 32 and the like. 33 is a load surface of the bearing 29, and 34 is a thrust washer, which is loosely fitted onto the crankshaft 26. 35 is the washer upper surface of the thrust washer 34, 36 is the washer lower surface, and 3A is a spiral groove formed in the thrust washer 34.

38 is an oil supply hole drilled vertically below the crankshaft 26;
39 is a group, 40 is an entrance portion of the spiral groove 37 of the thrust washer 34, and 41 is a sealing portion.

The operation of the compressor configured as described above will be explained below.

When the compressor 21 starts operating, the refrigerating machine oil 26 stored in the sealed case 22 is poured into the oil supply hole 3 below the crankshaft 26.
8 by centrifugal force, passes through the group 39 of the crankshaft 26 and reaches the load surface of the bearing 29. During this time, refrigeration oil 26 is supplied to the sliding portion between the bearing 29 and the crankshaft 26. On the other hand, the load surface 33 of the bearing 29 receives the load of the rotor 28 applied to the thrust surface 27 of the crankshaft 26 via the thrust washer 34 . The refrigerating machine oil 25 supplied to the load surface 33 of the bearing 29 flows between the washer lower surface 36 and the load surface 33 of the thrust washer 34 and the washer upper surface 3.
5 and the thrust of the crankshaft 26, providing fluid lubrication between both of them. The thrust washer 34 rotates later than the circumferential rotational speed of the crankshaft 26, but since the thrust washer 34 is formed with a spiral groove 37 that narrows from the inside to the outside, the refrigerating machine oil 25 increases from the entrance portion 4Q of the spiral groove 37 to the sealing portion 41, and sufficient fluid lubrication is obtained due to the additional pressure generation. Furthermore, when the thrust washer 34 is made of a silicon carbide ceramic material, it is possible to obtain excellent sliding characteristics with an even smaller coefficient of friction and a larger Pv value (value of load x speed).

Therefore, compared to the conventional case where the cast iron crankshaft and bearing slide on the thrust surface, energy efficiency is improved by reducing input power by approximately 2 inches, and the thrust washer with a spiral groove provides sufficient fluid lubrication. By reducing the relative sliding speed, the thrust noise caused by partial metal contact can be significantly reduced.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a bearing that supports the crankshaft and receives the load of the rotor on its thrust surface, and the thrust surface of the bearing abuts the load surface of the crankshaft. a thrust washer that loosely fits on the shaft, and the streak washer is provided with a plurality of shallow spiral grooves on either one or both of the upper surface of the washer or the lower surface of the washer and whose width becomes narrower from the inside toward the outside. Particularly, the thrust washer is made of silicon carbide ceramic and engineering plastic, and the thrust washer reduces the circumferential speed between the thrust surface of the bearing and the load surface of the crankshaft. At the same time, the spiral groove formed in the streak washer generates hydraulic pressure due to the inflow of refrigerating machine oil and forms a sufficient oil film, which lowers the sliding Ronne and reduces the input power, resulting in a compressor with high energy efficiency. At the same time, the thrust noise generated by sliding can be reduced (
It is possible to reduce the occurrence of the squeak sound caused by partial metal contact, and provide a low-noise compressor. Moreover, these effects can be further enhanced by constructing the wet washer with a low-sliding material such as silicon carbide ceramic or engineering plastic.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main parts of the well compressor, Fig. 3 is the book dormitory; mother's null stower 22...
... Sealed case, 23... Electric element, 24...
... Compression element, 25 ... Refrigerating machine oil, 26.
...Crankshaft, 27...Thrust surface,
28... Rotor, 29... Bearing, 33... Load surface, 34... Thrust washer, 35... Washer top surface, 36...
・・・・・・Lower surface of washer, 37・・・Spiral groove.

Name of agent: Patent attorney Akira Okaji and two others 81I
IF1 Case Electric Carry Pressure Ball; 9 Freeze Bending Run Shaft Slut Surface 〇-Tavern Link Load 1 Surface Washer Top Surface Washer Bottom Surface! S sale groove number ``:

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An electric element, a compression element, and refrigerating machine oil are housed in a sealed case, and the compression element has a bearing that supports the crankshaft and receives the load of the rotor on its thrust surface, and the thrust surface of the bearing. and a thrust washer that comes into contact with the load surface of the crankshaft and is loosely fitted to the crankshaft, and the thrust washer has a shallow surface on either one or both of the upper surface of the washer or the lower surface of the washer, and the thrust washer has a surface extending outward from the inside. A hermetic compressor characterized by having multiple spiral grooves that become narrower towards the end. (2) The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the thrust washer is made of silicon carbide ceramic. (3) The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the thrust washer is made of engineering plastic.