RU2238427C1 - Motor-compressor (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: compressor building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for use in domestic refrigerators, freezers and air conditioners, particularly, in valve plates of sealed compressors. Housing of motor-compressor accommodates motor and compressor. It has cylinder head with suction and discharge silencers, cylinder, transfer mechanism, piston, suction and discharge device provided with self-acting suction and delivery valves with reeds overlapping surfaces of seats in valve plate. Said plate can be made solid or sectional, consisting of separate plates. Plate of any design version is made of tape type "Sandvik-20C", thickness 1.0 mm. Seats are formed around suction and discharge holes of valve plate. Each seat, both according to first and second design version of motor-compressor is, made of at least one ring projection and ring groove, 0.05-0.15 mm deep, after projection. According to second design version of motor-compressor, noise-absorbing gasket is placed between plates of valve plate. Seats of suction and discharge valves are shaped using electric erosion method. Provision of depth of seat ring grooves within 0.05-0.15 mm and noise absorbing gasket between plates (sectional valve plate version) reduce noise level of compressor, improve comfort of domestic refrigerators, and making of plate from tape type "Sandvik-20C", thickness 1.0 mm, with shaping of seats on its surface makes it possible to dispense with seat forming plates.

EFFECT: simplified design of valve plate.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a motor compressor for domestic refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, as well as refrigerated display cases. More specifically, the invention relates to compressor engineering and can be used in valve plates of hermetic compressors.

Known hermetic compressor containing a casing and a motor installed in it with a compressor, which has a cylinder head with silencers on the discharge and suction sides, a cylinder, a drive mechanism, a piston sliding reciprocating in the cylinder and a valve plate made of cast iron [1].

The disadvantage of this motor compressor is that the thickness of the cast iron valve plate is large, the width of the seats and the depth of the recesses for the saddles are large enough, which leads to a large dead volume of the motor compressor and a decrease in its volumetric performance, as well as to increased compressor noise during impacts valves on the seats of the monolithic plate. This leads to a deterioration in comfort when operating household appliances with the indicated compressors.

A known compressor, the valve plate of which is made of a set of sheet plates. In the extreme saddle-forming plates, grooves are formed concentrically to the suction and discharge holes, which form the surfaces of the saddles. The typesetter is thinner than solid cast iron, which reduces dead volume, increases cooling capacity and, as a result, reduces the energy consumption of the refrigeration appliance [2].

However, cutting down saddle-forming plates with valve seats requires the use of particularly durable and expensive dies, guaranteeing the manufacture of seats without microcracks. In addition, the presence of a large number of plates, jumpers in the annular seats complicates the design of the valve plate. The height of the seats, equal to the thickness of the extreme plates, does not ensure the retention of the oil film on the surface of the seats, and, therefore, the impacts of the valve petals fall on the metal surface of the seats, which also increases the noise level during operation of the motor compressor.

Known sealed motor-compressor, comprising a casing, a compressor housed in it, including a cylinder head with discharge and suction silencers, a cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a piston, a suction-discharge device made in the form of self-acting valves, whose petals overlap the surfaces of the valve plate seats. Self-acting discharge and suction valves are made of polished steel spring tape type “Sandvik-20C” with a thickness of 0.203 mm. The valve plate is made integral, the outer plates have saddles made in the form of an annular belt cut out in them with jumpers. The middle plates of the composite valve plate are made of polished steel “Sandvik-20C” tape with a thickness of 1 mm by stamping, the extreme saddle-forming plates are made of polished steel spring band “Sandvik-20C” with a thickness of 0.152 mm also by stamping [3]. This motor compressor is adopted as a prototype as the solution closest to the claimed invention in terms of a combination of essential features.

The implementation of the valve plate composite, the presence of saddle-forming plates increases the number of parts of the valve plate of the compressor, which also leads to a complication of the design of the valve plate and the compressor as a whole. The height of the saddles, which is equal to the thickness of the saddle-forming plates, does not ensure the retention of the oil film on the surfaces of the saddles, which leads to an increase in the noise level of the running compressor, and to a deterioration in the comfort of household appliances using this motor-compressor.

The proposed invention solves the problem of simplifying the design, reducing noise and vibration of the compressor and increasing comfort during operation of household refrigeration appliances.

To achieve this single technical result in the implementation of the group of inventions in the known motor compressor, which contains a casing, a compressor located therein, including a cylinder head with silencers for discharge and suction, a cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a piston, a suction-discharge device made in the form of self-acting suction and discharge valves, the petals of which overlap the surface of the seats formed around the suction and discharge openings of the valve plate, made and Tape "Sandvik - 20C" to 1 mm thick.

A feature of the claimed motor compressor is that each seat in both the first and second versions of the motor compressor is made in the form of at least one annular protrusion and the following annular groove with a depth of 0.05-0.15 mm, moreover, in the second embodiment of the motor-compressor between the plates of the valve plate is a sound-absorbing pad.

It is more advisable to make a sound-absorbing pad from polyethylene terephthalate with a thickness of 0.250 mm, perform a plate thickness of 1.0 - 2.0 mm, and arrange annular protrusions and grooves in both the first and second versions of the motor-compressor concentrically to the suction and discharge openings of the plate.

The claimed group of inventions meets the requirement of unity of invention, since both variants of the invention form a single inventive concept, and the applications relate to objects of the invention of the same type, of the same purpose and provide the same technical result - simplifying the design of the compressor, reducing noise and vibration of the compressor and increasing comfort when operating household refrigeration appliances. The indicated technical result is achieved in essentially the same way, namely by reducing the valve plate plates by eliminating the saddle-forming plates, by performing each seat in both the first and second versions of the motor compressor in the form of at least one annular protrusion and the following behind it is an annular groove with a depth of 0.05-0.15 mm and the location in the second embodiment of the motor-compressor between the valve plate plates of a sound-absorbing pad.

The design of the seats with alternating protrusions and grooves of 0.05-0.15 mm deep ensures that the oil film is retained on the surfaces of the seats, and therefore, the impacts of the moving petals of the suction and discharge valves will fall on the metal surface of the seats through a thin layer of grease, which will lead to a decrease in the level noise of a running compressor and, ultimately, to increase the comfort of household appliances using a compressor. The exclusion from the compressor design of structurally and technologically complex saddle-forming plates leads to a simplification of the design of the motor-compressor as a whole.

The drawings show the motor-compressor in the claimed group of inventions, where:

figure 1 shows a motor compressor with a monolithic valve plate in an isometric view;

figure 2 - composite valve plate;

figure 3 - plate with the design on them of the valve plate seats.

The motor compressor comprises a lower casing 1 and an upper casing 2, in which an electric motor and a compressor are located. The electric motor consists of a stator 3, bolted 4 on the frame 5 and support 6, the rotor 7, which is pressed onto the crankshaft 8, into which the oil scraper is pressed 9. The compressor consists of a cylinder 10, bolted 11 on the frame 5, the piston 12, which the rocker stone 13 is connected with the crankshaft 8 of the suction-discharge device made in the form of self-acting suction and discharge valves 14, 15. The petals 16 of the valves 14, 15 tightly overlap the surfaces of the seats 17 of the valve plate 18. The valve plate 18 is made of tapes Sandvik-20С type 1.0 mm thick, self-acting discharge and suction valves 15, 14 are made of polished steel spring belt type “Sandvik-20C” 0.203 mm thick. In one embodiment of the invention, the plate 18 is made integral, in another - a composite of plates 19. Between the plates 19 in this embodiment is a sound-absorbing gasket 20. Both in the integral and in the composite valve plate 18, the seats 17 are arranged on the surfaces facing the valves 14 , 15. Sound-absorbing pad 20 is made of aluminum or polyethylene terephthalate with a thickness of 0.250 mm. Each saddle 17 is made in the form of at least one annular protrusion 21 and the next annular groove 22 with a depth of 0.05-0.15 mm. The annular protrusions 21 and grooves 22 are arranged concentrically to the suction 23 and discharge 24 holes of the plate 18. The suction-discharge device with a gasket 25, a discharge silencer 26, a discharge coil 27 is attached to the cylinder 10 by means of bolts 28, and the intake silencer 29 is also attached to the cylinder 10 by means of a bolt 30 cylinder 10, and the entire compressor with an electric motor on the mounting supports 31 is installed in the lower casing 1.

The motor compressor operates as follows.

When the motor starts, the rotational movement of the crankshaft 8 through the rocker 13 is converted into reciprocating motion of the piston 12. When moving the piston 12 from the bottom dead center (BDC) to the top dead center (TDC), the lobe 16 of the discharge valve 15 is unbent and the working fluid from the cylinder 10 through the hole 24 is pushed into the discharge silencer 26. At the same time, on the opposite side of the valve plate 18, the self-acting lobe 16 of the suction valve 14 is tightly pressed against the surface under the action of compression pressure and seats 17, overlapping the suction hole 23 of the plate 18. When moving the piston 12 from TDC to the BDC, the petal 16 of the suction valve 14 is bent by discharge in the cylinder 10 and the working fluid through the suction muffler 29 enters the working volume of the cylinder 10. Moreover, from the opposite side under the influence of the overpressure of the working fluid from the side of the discharge silencer 26, the lobe 16 of the discharge valve 15 fits snugly on the surface of the seat 17, blocking the discharge opening 24 of the plate 18. Then the cycle repeats.

Due to the fact that, firstly, in one embodiment of the invention, the valve plate 18 is made of one-piece 1.0 mm thick “Sandvik-20C” type tape, and in the other it is a composite of the same plates, and in the second embodiment, it is located between the plates sound-absorbing gasket, and, secondly, each saddle is made in the form of at least one annular protrusion and the next annular groove with a depth of 0.05 - 0.15 mm is achieved by reducing noise and compressor vibrations and increasing comfort during operation of household refrigeration appliances with the specified compressors, and also simplifies the valve plate design by eliminating the plates sedloobrazuyuschih.

The test results for the noise level of the KVO-120 compressor with various valve plates are as follows:

- the noise level with a cast-iron valve plate is 41.5 dB A,

- with a composite valve plate (according to the prototype) - 39.1 dB A,

- with the valve plate of the claimed compressor - 35.0 dB A (according to claim 1),

- with a valve plate consisting of two plates and gaskets made of polyethylene terephthalate between them with a thickness of 0.250 mm - 35.3 dB A (according to claim 3).

Sources of information

1. Naberezhnye A.I. Refrigerators for domestic use. - M .: Moscow Technological Institute. 1986, p. 39, 62.

2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1370326, class. F 04 B 39/10, F 16 K 1/42, publ. 01.30.88 Bull. Number 4.

3. RF patent 2148192, IPC ⁷ F 04 B 53/10, publ. 04/27/2000 (prototype).

Claims (6)

1. A motor compressor, comprising a casing, a motor and a compressor disposed therein, including a cylinder head with discharge and suction silencers, a cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a piston, a suction-discharge device made in the form of self-acting suction and discharge valves, whose petals overlap the surfaces seats formed around the suction and discharge openings of the valve plate made of Sandvik-20C tape 1 mm thick, characterized in that each seat is made in the form of at least one th annular projection followed immediately by the annular groove depth of 0.05 - 0.15 mm. 2. The motor compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular protrusions and grooves are concentric with the suction and discharge openings of the plate. 3. A motor compressor comprising a casing, a motor and a compressor disposed therein, including a cylinder head with discharge and suction silencers, a cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a piston, a suction-discharge device made in the form of self-acting suction and discharge valves, whose petals overlap the surfaces seats formed around the suction and discharge openings of the valve plate, consisting of individual plates made of Sandvik-20C tape 1 mm thick, characterized in that each seat It is made in the form of at least one annular protrusion and the following annular groove with a depth of 0.05 - 0.15 mm, and a sound-absorbing pad is located between the plates. 4. The motor compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that the annular protrusions and grooves are concentric with the suction and discharge openings of the plate with a thickness of 1.0 - 2.0 mm. 5. The motor compressor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the gasket is made of polyethylene terephthalate with a thickness of 0.250 mm. 6. The motor compressor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the gasket is made of ductile metal, for example aluminum, with a thickness of 0.250 mm.

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