JPH0411403B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0411403B2 JPH0411403B2 JP61220267A JP22026786A JPH0411403B2 JP H0411403 B2 JPH0411403 B2 JP H0411403B2 JP 61220267 A JP61220267 A JP 61220267A JP 22026786 A JP22026786 A JP 22026786A JP H0411403 B2 JPH0411403 B2 JP H0411403B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- temperature
- particles
- spike
- spikes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011359 shock absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1606—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug
- B60C11/1618—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug actuated by temperature, e.g. by means of temperature sensitive elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ) 発明の目的
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は車輌が氷雪路等を走行する場合に使
用するスパイクタイヤの構造に関するものであ
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Object of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to the structure of a spiked tire used when a vehicle runs on an icy and snowy road.
車輌が氷雪路等を走行する場合に、タイヤのス
リツプを防止するためにタイヤの踏面から複数の
スパイク（鋲）が突出しているスパイクタイヤを
使用することが従来から知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art It has been known to use spiked tires in which a plurality of spikes protrude from the tread of the tire in order to prevent the tire from slipping when a vehicle runs on an icy or snowy road.
従来のスパイクタイヤは、スノータイヤにスパ
イクを打込み、タイヤ表面より1.5〜2.0mm程度突
出させた構造を持つものである。スパイクの先端
には、耐摩耗性のため、超硬合金等からなるチツ
プが通常取付けられている。 Conventional spike tires have a structure in which spikes are driven into a snow tire and protrude approximately 1.5 to 2.0 mm from the tire surface. A tip made of cemented carbide or the like is usually attached to the tip of the spike for wear resistance.
従来のスパイクタイヤは、このような構造を持
つため、氷雪のない路面上では、このスパイクに
より路面から削られ、大気中に粉塵となつて飛散
し、公害問題を引き起こしている。この対策とし
て、現在は、スパイクの突出量を1.0〜1.5mmへ低
下させることや、あるいはスパイクの本数を154
本／タイヤ１本当りから122本／タイヤ１本当り
に低下させること等が行なわれているが、公害問
題の本質的解決とはならず、かつ、一方において
氷雪路面上でのタイヤの性能の低下をひき起こす
可能性があり、安全上からも問題があると考えら
れている。また、近年、路面の情況に応じてスパ
イクを出し入れすることも考えられているが、こ
れらの従来から考えられているスパイクピンは構
造が極めて複雑で、かつスパイクピンの出し入れ
になんらかのアクチユエータ（例えば、空気圧ア
クチユエータ、電気的アクチユエータ）を必要と
し、形状が大型化しかつ価格が高価になり、実用
化されていない。 Conventional spiked tires have this structure, so on roads without ice or snow, the spikes scrape the road surface and scatter it as dust into the atmosphere, causing pollution problems. As a countermeasure, current measures include reducing the protrusion of the spikes to 1.0 to 1.5 mm, or increasing the number of spikes to 154 mm.
Efforts have been made to reduce the number of tires per tire from 122 tires per tire, but this does not essentially solve the pollution problem, and on the other hand, it does not improve the performance of tires on icy and snowy roads. It is considered to be a safety problem as it may cause a drop in the temperature. In addition, in recent years, it has been considered to insert and remove spikes depending on the road surface situation, but the spike pins conventionally considered have extremely complex structures and require some kind of actuator (for example, It requires a pneumatic actuator, an electric actuator), is large in size and expensive, and has not been put into practical use.
これらのことから、路面を削りとらず、かつ氷
雪路面上におけるタイヤの性能を維持することが
でき、形状が小型で、価格が低廉であり、かつ動
作の確実なスパイクタイヤの開発が望まれてい
た。 For these reasons, it is desired to develop a spike tire that does not scrape the road surface, maintains tire performance on icy and snowy roads, is compact, inexpensive, and operates reliably. Ta.
本願発明者は先に、昭和61年特許願第073141号
（特開昭62−227805号）によつて、このようなス
パイクタイヤを提案したが、スパイクの出し入れ
動作を更に迅速かつ確実にすることが望まれてい
る。
The inventor of the present application had previously proposed such a spiked tire in Patent Application No. 073141 of 1985 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-227805), but it is desirable to make the action of inserting and removing the spikes even faster and more reliable. is desired.
この発明では上記の如き事情に鑑みてなされた
ものであつて、路面状況に応じてスパイクのタイ
ヤ表面よりの突出長さを変化させることが可能
で、これによつて、路面の削りとりを大幅に低減
させ、かつ、氷雪路面上におけるタイヤの性能を
低下させることもなく、かつ、重要な点として、
特に構造が簡単で動作の迅速・確実なかつ価格の
低廉なスパイクタイヤを提供することを目的とす
るものである。 This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to change the length of the spikes protruding from the tire surface depending on the road surface condition, thereby significantly reducing the amount of road surface scraping. and, importantly, without reducing tire performance on icy and snowy roads.
In particular, the object is to provide a spike tire that has a simple structure, operates quickly and reliably, and is inexpensive.
(ロ) 発明の構成
〔問題を解決するための手段〕
この目的に対応して、この発明のスパイクタイ
ヤは、タイヤにスパイクピンを進出及び後退可能
に植込んで備え、前記スパイクピンの基部と前記
タイヤの間に、０℃から20℃の範囲で温度が硬い
ときに硬さが小さく、温度が低いときに硬さが大
きい材料からなる粒子及び熱伝導性が大きく比熱
が小である材料から成る粒子を弾性材料からなる
基材中に分散させて成る緩衝材を配設すると共
に、前記緩衝材と接触している状態で前記緩衝材
を内包していてかつ前記スパイクピンと係合して
いる形状記憶合金製のケースを有し、前記ケース
を所定の温度以上において前記スパイクピンを前
記後退位置に押圧する方向に変形するように構成
したことを特徴としている。(B) Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problem] Corresponding to this object, the spiked tire of the present invention is provided with a spike pin embedded in the tire so as to be able to advance and retreat, and a base portion of the spike pin and Between the tires, there are particles made of a material that has a small hardness when the temperature is hard in the range of 0°C to 20°C and a large hardness when the temperature is low, and a material that has high thermal conductivity and a small specific heat. A cushioning material made of particles dispersed in a base material made of an elastic material is disposed, and the cushioning material is encapsulated in a state in which it is in contact with the cushioning material, and is engaged with the spike pin. The present invention is characterized in that it has a case made of a shape memory alloy, and the case is configured to deform in a direction that presses the spike pin to the retracted position when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature.
以下、この発明の詳細を一実施例を示す図面に
ついて説明する。 Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment.
第１図ａにおいて、１はスパイクタイヤであ
り、スパイクタイヤ１はタイヤ２の踏面３の近傍
にスパイク４を植込んで備えている。 In FIG. 1a, 1 is a spiked tire, and the spiked tire 1 has spikes 4 implanted in the vicinity of the tread 3 of the tire 2.
スパイク４はチツプ５を備えており、チツプ５
はシヤンク６の頂部７に植込まれている。シヤン
ク６の頂部７及びチツプ５はタイヤ２の踏面３の
外方に突出している。シヤンク６の基部にはフラ
ンジ８がシヤンク６と一体に形成されている。チ
ツプ５は超硬合金製であり、またシヤンク６は金
属で構成される。 Spike 4 is equipped with tip 5, and tip 5
is embedded in the top 7 of the shank 6. The top 7 of the shank 6 and the tip 5 protrude outward from the tread 3 of the tire 2. A flange 8 is formed integrally with the shank 6 at the base thereof. The chip 5 is made of cemented carbide, and the shank 6 is made of metal.
フランジ８の下面には略円柱形の緩衝材１０が
一体的に取付けられている。緩衝材１０は第２図
に示すように基材１１中に２種の粒子１２及び１
３を分散させた粒子分散系材料で構成されてい
る。 A substantially cylindrical buffer material 10 is integrally attached to the lower surface of the flange 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the buffer material 10 includes two types of particles 12 and 1 in a base material 11.
It is composed of a particle-dispersed material in which 3 is dispersed.
基材１１としてはゴムの如き弾性材料で構成さ
れる。 The base material 11 is made of an elastic material such as rubber.
粒子１２としては温度変化によつて硬度が変化
する材料、すなわち、温度が高い時には硬さが小
さく、温度が低い時には硬さが大きい材料によつ
て構成する。 The particles 12 are made of a material whose hardness changes with temperature changes, that is, a material whose hardness is small when the temperature is high and whose hardness is large when the temperature is low.
このような粒子１２を構成する材料としてはゼ
ラチン等の膨潤物質または酢酸ビニルのポリマー
及びそれらの混合物または化合物を使用すること
ができる。ゼラチンは水分または添加剤の量によ
つて硬さを調整することができ、また酢酸ビニル
のポリマーは可塑材の添加により、軟化点及び軟
化状態を調整することができ、０℃〜20℃付近の
軟化温度と軟化の具合を調整することができる。 As the material constituting such particles 12, swelling substances such as gelatin, polymers of vinyl acetate, and mixtures or compounds thereof can be used. The hardness of gelatin can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of water or additives, and the softening point and softening state of vinyl acetate polymer can be adjusted by adding a plasticizer. The softening temperature and degree of softening can be adjusted.
粒子１３は粒子１２の温度変化に対する応答性
を向上するために混入するものであり、本発明の
最も重要な部分である。粒子１３としては高熱伝
導性かつ低比熱の物質を用いる。このような粒子
１３を構成する材料としては、カーボンブラツ
ク、銀・銅粉等を用いることができる。 Particles 13 are mixed to improve the responsiveness of particles 12 to temperature changes, and are the most important part of the present invention. As the particles 13, a substance with high thermal conductivity and low specific heat is used. As a material constituting such particles 13, carbon black, silver/copper powder, etc. can be used.
一体化したフランジ８及び緩衝材１０は、１方
向の形状記憶合金で一体に構成されたケース１４
で包まれて、その軸１６方向前方と後方から押え
られている。 The integrated flange 8 and cushioning material 10 are integrated into a case 14 made of a unidirectional shape memory alloy.
It is wrapped in and held down from the front and rear in the 16-axis direction.
すなわち、ケース１４は、頂部中央部にシヤン
ク６を露出させるための開口１５を有する略偏平
球形をなし、残余の頂部１４ｂでフランジ８の上
面に接当すると共に、底部２０で緩衝材１０の下
面に接当している。 That is, the case 14 has a substantially oblate spherical shape with an opening 15 for exposing the shank 6 at the center of the top, and the remaining top 14b contacts the top surface of the flange 8, and the bottom 20 contacts the bottom surface of the cushioning material 10. is in contact with
従つてチツプ５、シヤンク６、フランジ８、緩
衝材１０、ケース１４の底部１９の壁、タイヤは
軸１６上でこの順に隣接位置し、チツプ５に作用
する軸１６方向の荷重は、緩衝材１０を介してタ
イヤ２に伝達される。 Therefore, the tip 5, the shank 6, the flange 8, the cushioning material 10, the wall of the bottom 19 of the case 14, and the tire are located adjacent to each other in this order on the shaft 16, and the load acting on the chip 5 in the direction of the shaft 16 is is transmitted to the tire 2 via.
ケース１４を構成する形状記憶合金には、その
温度Ｔが、無氷雪路面走行時に対応する高温度域
まで上昇すると、すなわち所定の温度T1より高
くなると、開口１５の縁部をなす締付け部２０が
軸１６方向タイヤ２の内方に向かう方向１７に向
かつて曲がり、このスパイク後退形状を呈して硬
化し（第１図ｂ）、温度ＴがT1より低いときは軟
化して締付け部２０が外力に従つて容易に変形さ
れ得るように、変態温度T1が設定されている。 When the temperature T of the shape memory alloy constituting the case 14 rises to a high temperature range corresponding to driving on an ice-free road, that is, when it becomes higher than a predetermined temperature T1 , a tightening portion 20 forming the edge of the opening 15 is formed. The spike bends in the direction 17 toward the inside of the tire 2 in the axis 16 direction, and hardens with a backward shape (Fig. 1b), and when the temperature T is lower than T1 , it softens and the tightening part 20 The transformation temperature T 1 is set so that it can be easily deformed according to external forces.
一方、緩衝材１０には、T1より僅かに低い所
定の温度T0が設定され、T0を境として、温度Ｔ
がT0より低いときは、スパイク４からの荷重が
伝わつてもほとんど方向１７に圧縮されず、チツ
プ５と頂部７とのスパイク先端部が、踏面３から
方向１７の逆方向である方向１８に突出し、かつ
必要突出量Ｈを維持するに充分な硬度となり、温
度ＴがT0より高いときは、スパイク４からの荷
重によつて圧縮されて踏面３からの突出量がＨよ
り小さくなるような硬度となるように、温度T0
を設定されている。 On the other hand, the buffer material 10 is set at a predetermined temperature T 0 slightly lower than T 1 , and from T 0 as a boundary, the temperature T
is lower than T 0 , even if the load from the spike 4 is transmitted, it will hardly be compressed in the direction 17, and the tip of the spike between the tip 5 and the top 7 will move from the tread 3 in the direction 18, which is the opposite direction to the direction 17. It has enough hardness to protrude and maintain the required protrusion amount H, and when the temperature T is higher than T0 , it is compressed by the load from the spikes 4 and the protrusion amount from the tread surface 3 becomes smaller than H. As the hardness, the temperature T 0
has been set.
このように構成されたスパイクタイヤ１におい
ては、走行路面が氷雪路面から無氷雪路面に変
り、緩衝材１０の温度Ｔが上昇中の場合には、
Ｔ＜T0
のときは緩衝材１０が硬く、スパイク４の先端部
がＨだけ突出し、ケース１４の締付け部２０はな
されるがままにタイヤとフランジに挾まれてお
り、
T0≦Ｔ＜T1
のときは緩衝材１０が軟化しはじめこれに従つて
スパイク４からの荷重により緩衝材１０が圧縮さ
れはじめ、スパイク４の先端部の突出量がＨより
減少しはじめ、
T1≦Ｔ
のときはケース１４の形状記憶合金は硬化して締
付け部２０が方向１７に曲がつたスパイク後退形
状をなし、軟化しはじめた緩衝材１０を方向１７
に押圧圧縮してスパイク４を後退位置に保つ。こ
れによりスパイク４の後退動作が終了する。これ
によりスパイク４はタイヤの踏面から引込み、踏
面を傷つけることはない。
In the spike tire 1 configured in this way, when the running road surface changes from an icy and snowy road surface to an ice-free road surface and the temperature T of the buffer material 10 is rising, the buffer material 10 becomes hard when T<T 0 . , the tip of the spike 4 protrudes by an amount H, and the fastening part 20 of the case 14 is held between the tire and the flange as it is, and when T 0 ≦ T < T 1 , the cushioning material 10 begins to soften. Therefore, the shock absorbing material 10 begins to be compressed by the load from the spikes 4, and the amount of protrusion of the tip of the spike 4 begins to decrease from H. When T 1 ≦T, the shape memory alloy of the case 14 hardens and the tightening portion 20 has a receding spike shape bent in the direction 17, and the cushioning material 10 that has started to soften is moved in the direction 17.
The spikes 4 are kept in the retracted position by pressing and compressing them. This completes the backward movement of the spike 4. As a result, the spikes 4 are retracted from the tire tread and do not damage the tread.
逆に無氷雪路面から氷雪路面に変わり、温度Ｔ
が下降中の場合は、
T1≦Ｔ
のとき、ケース１４はスパイク後退形状で硬化し
ており、軟化した緩衝材１０を押えて後退位置に
保ち、
T0≦Ｔ＜T1
のときはケース１４は軟化して緩衝材１０を押圧
する力を失うので緩衝材１０はそのもてる復元力
によつて方向１８にスパイク４と締付け部２０を
押し、スパイク４の先端部を踏面３から突出させ
はじめ、
Ｔ＜T0
では緩衝材１０が十分に硬化してスパイク４の必
要突出量Ｈを維持し、これによりスパイク４の突
出動作が終了し、スパイク４は氷結路面をしつか
りと把握し、タイヤ２はスリツプすることがな
い。 Conversely, when the road changes from an ice-free road to an ice-snow road, the temperature T
is descending, when T 1 ≦T, the case 14 is hardened with a spike retreating shape, and holds the softened cushioning material 10 in the retreating position, and when T 0 ≦T<T 1 , the case 14 14 softens and loses the force to press the cushioning material 10, so the cushioning material 10 uses its restoring force to push the spikes 4 and the tightening part 20 in the direction 18, causing the tips of the spikes 4 to protrude from the tread surface 3. At first, when T<T 0 , the cushioning material 10 is sufficiently hardened to maintain the required protrusion amount H of the spikes 4, and the protrusion operation of the spikes 4 is thereby completed, and the spikes 4 firmly grasp the icy road surface. Tire 2 never slips.
ここで、緩衝材１０の環境温度変化に対する硬
度変化の応答性が、スパイクタイヤ１の応答性を
規制することとなるが、緩衝材１０は、温度変化
に応じて硬さが変化する材料からなる粒子と、熱
伝導性が大きく比熱が小である材料からなる粒子
を弾性材料からなる基材中に分散させてなるた
め、氷雪路面の低温や無氷雪路面走行の摩擦によ
る高温等によるスパイク４の温度変化は、ただち
に緩衝材１０の中央部にまで伝達されるため、ス
パイクタイヤ１の温度応答性が極めてよい。緩衝
材１０を合金でなるケース１４で包むこともスパ
イクからの伝熱効果を高めこの応答性をよくする
効果がある。 Here, the responsiveness of the hardness of the cushioning material 10 to changes in the environmental temperature regulates the responsiveness of the spiked tire 1, and the cushioning material 10 is made of a material whose hardness changes according to temperature changes. Particles made of a material with high thermal conductivity and low specific heat are dispersed in a base material made of an elastic material, so spikes 4 are not affected by the low temperatures of icy and snowy roads or the high temperatures caused by friction when driving on ice-free roads. Since temperature changes are immediately transmitted to the central portion of the cushioning material 10, the spiked tire 1 has extremely good temperature responsiveness. Wrapping the buffer material 10 in a case 14 made of an alloy also has the effect of increasing the heat transfer effect from the spikes and improving the responsiveness.
ケース１４を構成する形状記憶合金は上記実施
例では１方向性としたが、２方向性としてもよ
い。この場合、低温になると自力で方向１８に変
形するようにして緩衝材１０の復元を助け、応答
性を更に向上させることができる。
Although the shape memory alloy constituting the case 14 is unidirectional in the above embodiment, it may be bidirectional. In this case, when the temperature becomes low, the cushioning material 10 is deformed by itself in the direction 18 to help restore the cushioning material 10, thereby further improving responsiveness.
また、緩衝材１０における粒子１２及び粒子１
３の分散の仕方は、前記実施例においては、弾性
の基材１１中に適当に混入した場合を第２図とし
て示したが、第３図ａに示すように、予め粒子１
２に粒子１３をまぶす等によつて粒子１２の周辺
に粒子１３が配置するようにして混入したり、更
に、第３図ｂに示すように粒子１２の内部にも粒
子１３を配置して、粒子１２の温度変化をより速
く可能とするようにしてもよい。 In addition, particles 12 and particles 1 in the buffer material 10
In the above embodiment, the method of dispersing particles 1 is shown in FIG. 2, in which the particles are appropriately mixed into the elastic base material 11, but as shown in FIG.
The particles 13 may be mixed in by sprinkling the particles 13 onto the particles 12, or by disposing the particles 13 inside the particles 12 as shown in FIG. 3b. It may also be possible to allow the particles 12 to change temperature more quickly.
また第４図に示すスパイクタイヤ１ａのよう
に、頂部ではなく底部に開口１５ａを有するケー
ス１４ａで緩衝材１０ａを包み、開口１５ａの残
余の底部を締付け部２０ａとして方向１７，１８
に変形するようにして、スパイク４ａを突出・後
退させてもよい。 Further, like the spiked tire 1a shown in FIG. 4, the cushioning material 10a is wrapped in a case 14a having an opening 15a at the bottom instead of the top, and the remaining bottom of the opening 15a is used as a tightening part 20a in directions 17 and 18.
The spikes 4a may be protruded and retracted so as to be deformed as follows.
(ハ) 発明の効果
以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明によ
れば路面状況に応じてスパイクのタイヤ表面より
の突出長さを変化させることが可能で、これによ
つて、路面の削りとりを大幅に低減させ、かつ、
氷雪路面上におけるタイヤの性能を低下させるこ
ともなく、かつ、重要な点として、特に構造が簡
単で動作の迅速・確実なかつ価格の低廉なスパイ
クタイヤを得ることができる。(c) Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, it is possible to change the protrusion length of the spikes from the tire surface depending on the road surface condition, thereby reducing the amount of road surface scraping. significantly reduces the amount of damage, and
It is possible to obtain a spiked tire that does not reduce the performance of the tire on icy and snowy road surfaces and, importantly, has a particularly simple structure, quick and reliable operation, and is inexpensive.
第１図ａはこの発明の一実施例に係わるスパイ
クタイヤのスパイク突出状態を示す縦断面説明
図、第１図ｂは第１図ａに示すスパイクタイヤの
スパイク後退状態を示す縦断面説明図、第２図は
第１図ａに示すスパイクタイヤの緩衝材を示す正
面説明図、第３図ａは緩衝材における粒子の配置
例を示す説明図、第３図ｂは緩衝材における粒子
の他の配置例を示す説明図、第４図はこの発明の
他の実施例に係わるスパイクタイヤを示す縦断面
説明図である。
１…スパイクタイヤ、２…タイヤ、３…踏面、
４…スパイク、５…チツプ、６…シヤンク、７…
頂部、８…フランジ、１０…緩衝材、１１…基
材、１２…粒子、１３…粒子、１４…ケース、１
５…開口、１６…軸、１７…方向、１８…方向、
１９…底部、２０…締付け部。
FIG. 1a is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing the spike protruding state of the spiked tire according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1b is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view showing the spike retracted state of the spiked tire shown in FIG. 1a, Figure 2 is an explanatory front view showing the cushioning material of the spiked tire shown in Figure 1a, Figure 3a is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of particles in the cushioning material, and Figure 3b is an illustration of other particles in the cushioning material. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a spiked tire according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Spike tires, 2...Tires, 3...Treads,
4...Spike, 5...Chip, 6...Shank, 7...
Top, 8...Flange, 10...Buffer material, 11...Base material, 12...Particles, 13...Particles, 14...Case, 1
5...Aperture, 16...Axis, 17...Direction, 18...Direction,
19...Bottom part, 20...Tightening part.
Claims (1)
植込んで備え、前記スパイクピンの基部と前記タ
イヤの間に、０℃から20℃の範囲で温度が高いと
きに硬さが小さく、温度が低いときに硬さが大き
い材料からなる粒子及び熱伝導性が大きく比熱が
小である材料から成る粒子を弾性材料からなる基
材中に分散させて成る緩衝材を配設すると共に、
前記緩衝材と接触している状態で前記緩衝材を内
包していてかつ前記スパイクピンと係合している
形状記憶合金製のケースを有し、前記ケースを所
定の温度以上において前記スパイクピンを前記後
退位置に押圧する方向に変形するように構成した
ことを特徴とするスパイクタイヤ。1. A spike pin is embedded in the tire so that it can advance and retreat, and between the base of the spike pin and the tire, the hardness is small when the temperature is high in the range of 0°C to 20°C, and when the temperature is low. A buffer material is provided in which particles made of a material having high hardness and particles made of a material having high thermal conductivity and low specific heat are dispersed in a base material made of an elastic material, and
a case made of a shape memory alloy that encloses the cushioning material in a state in contact with the cushioning material and engages with the spike pin; A spiked tire characterized by being configured to deform in a direction that pushes it into a backward position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61220267A JPS6374702A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Spike tire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61220267A JPS6374702A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Spike tire |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6374702A JPS6374702A (en) | 1988-04-05 |
| JPH0411403B2 true JPH0411403B2 (en) | 1992-02-28 |
Family
ID=16748503
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61220267A Granted JPS6374702A (en) | 1986-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Spike tire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6374702A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2718899B2 (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-02-25 | ▲つとむ▼ 工藤 | Tire for running on frozen roads |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59199308A (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1984-11-12 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Pneumatic tire for icy and snowy road |
| JPS60104402A (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-06-08 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Spike tire |
| JPS60157904A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-19 | Hidenori Ishida | Spike tyre |
-
1986
- 1986-09-18 JP JP61220267A patent/JPS6374702A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59199308A (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1984-11-12 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Pneumatic tire for icy and snowy road |
| JPS60104402A (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-06-08 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Spike tire |
| JPS60157904A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-19 | Hidenori Ishida | Spike tyre |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6374702A (en) | 1988-04-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |