JPH039176B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH039176B2 JPH039176B2 JP56050321A JP5032181A JPH039176B2 JP H039176 B2 JPH039176 B2 JP H039176B2 JP 56050321 A JP56050321 A JP 56050321A JP 5032181 A JP5032181 A JP 5032181A JP H039176 B2 JPH039176 B2 JP H039176B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- aluminum
- product
- treatment
- directionality
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001579 optical reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
Description
本発明は、アルミニウム箔乃至シート製品に関
し、さらに詳しくは無方向性白色表面を有するア
ルミニウム箔乃至シート製品（以下特に必要でな
い限り、単にアルミニウム製品という）およびそ
の製造法に関する。
従来よりアルミニウム製品は、圧延等の成形操
作によりその表面に光の反射に対する方向性が生
じることはよく知られている。また上記製品をエ
ツチング処理することによつて白色梨地面を得る
ことができることも知られている。しかしながら
従来のエツチング処理液による梨地処理では、上
記方向性を完全に解消することはできず、尚圧延
方向及びこれと直角方向ではそれらの光に対する
反射性の差が認められる欠点があり、また表面の
白色性も尚満足できない。
本発明者らは、上記従来技術の欠点を解消し
て、無方向性で且つ優れた白色表面を呈するアル
ミニウム製品を得ることを目的として種々研究を
重ねた。その結果特にアルミニウム素材として、
光揮性に対して有害な合金元素であるFe又はこ
れとMn、Ti及びCrから選ばれた少なくとも１種
の不純物を所定量を含有するアルミニウムを選択
し、これを特定組成の浴にて浸漬処理する時に
は、従来見られない無方向性と優れた白色表面を
有する製品が得られることを見い出した。本発明
はこの新しい知見に基づいて完成されたものであ
る。
即ち本発明はFeを0.7〜2.0重量％或は0.5〜2.0
重量％とMn，Ti及びCrから選ばれた少なくとも
１種0.5〜2.0重量％とを含有するアルミニウムか
ら成りＬ値が80以上で且つ方向性（△Ｌ）が５以
下の無方向性白色表面を有することを特徴とする
アルミニウム製品及び上記アルミニウム素材を弗
化水素0.2〜30重量％及び硝酸又はオルトリン酸
５〜60重量％を含有する無クロール性処理液に浸
漬処理することを特徴とする上記無方向性白色表
面を有するアルミニウム製品の製造法に係る。
本発明においてＬ値とは、45゜拡散方式（45゜方
式）にて測定される製品表面の明度（白色度）を
意味する。これは例えば須賀試験機株式会社製の
直続測色色差コンピユーター（型式CDE−SCH
−4A）により測定される。該Ｌ値はその数値が
大きい程白色性に富むことを表わす。また方向性
（△Ｌ）とは素材の圧延方向における上記Ｌ値と、
該方向と直角方向における上記Ｌ値との差で表わ
されるものであり、これは小さい程方向性が少な
いとを意味する。
本発明のアルミニウム製品は、上記の通り特定
のアルミニウム素材から成り且つその表面が顕著
な無方向性と白色性とを具備することにより特徴
付けられる。従来かかる優れた無方向性と白色性
とを有する表面のアルミニウム製品は知られてい
ない。従つて本発明製品は箔もしくはシート状形
態で印刷基板、銘板等の表示材料、包装材料、容
器材料等として極めて有用であり、また他の各種
の成形品の形態で装飾用途等に有利に利用でき
る。殊に本発明製品の白さはエツチングによつて
生成した無数のミクロなすりばち状ピツトが均一
分布していることに起因しているから、該製品は
その色調変化がなく、しかも耐熱性、耐摩耗性等
においても優れている。
上記優れた表面を具備する本発明製品は、特定
組成の合金元素を含有するアルミニウム素材を特
定組成の処理液にて浸漬処理することにより製造
される。上記素材とするアルミニウムは、Fe0.7
〜2.0重量％、好ましくは1.0〜2.0重量％を含むか
或はFe0.5〜2.0重量％とMn、Ti及びCrから選ば
れた少なくとも１種0.5〜2.0重量％とを含有する
ことを必須とし、これによりはじめて特定組成の
処理液による浸漬処理により所期の表面特性を具
備する製品が収得できる。他の通常のアルミニウ
ム素材例えば上記特定の合金元素を含まないもの
や上記範囲を外れる量で含有するものでは、上記
浸漬処理によつても所期の表面特性を付与し得な
い。
また上記浸漬処理は、HF0.2〜30重量％、好ま
しくは３〜10重量％及びHNO3又はH3PO45〜60
重量％、好ましくは10〜30重量％を含有する無ク
ロール性処理液を用いて行なわれることが重要で
あり、この処理液を用いることにより本発明所期
の効果を奏し得る。しかるに従来知られているエ
ツチング処理液例えばNaOH−NaF液では、か
かる効果は奏し得ない。また上記処理液はクロー
ル（Cl）成分を含有していてはならず、該Cl成分
が含まれる場合は、HF−HNO3（又はH3PO4）
組成を上記範囲に調製しても、本発明所期の効果
は発揮されない。
本発明の上記特定処理液によるアルミニウム素
材の処理は、単に上記素材を上記処理液に適当時
間浸漬することにより行なわれ、この浸漬は例え
ば塗布、噴霧等の通常の手段によつてもよい。し
かして上記処理時の温度条件は、処理液を構成す
る各成分の濃度、処理すべき素材の種類、浸漬時
間、得られる製品に要求される表面特性の程度等
に応じて適宜決定でき、特に制限されるものでは
ないが、通常約10〜70℃好ましくは20〜50℃の範
囲とするのが好適である。上記範囲のうちで特に
低温条件を採用する時には、白色性がより改善さ
れ、また高温条件を採用する時には素材の光沢を
できるだけ残したままで方向性を消失し得る傾向
がある。また浸漬時間は、上記温度条件に従い適
宜決定でき、通常約20〜100秒で充分に所期の表
面特性を具備する製品を収得できる。
以下本発明を更に詳しく説明するため実施例及
び比較例を挙げる。
実施例 １
Fe1.5重量％を含有するアルミニウム試片
（100μ×300×300mm（H24）、表面粗度極粗、通常
の製箔工程に従つて得られた箔）を、弗化水素
（HF）５重量％及び硝酸（HNO3）18重量％から
成る処理液に、30℃下に30秒間浸漬処理する。
上記により処理された試片の圧延方向及びこれ
と直角方向のＬ値を求めた結果夫々90及び88であ
つた。尚処理前の供試アルミニウム片のＬ値は
夫々68及び30であつた。
実施例 ２
アルミニウム試片としてFe0.6重量％及びMn、
Ti及びCrを0.5重量％含むアルミニウム（Fe0.6、
Mn0.2、Ti0.15、Cr0.15wt％含有、通常の製箔工
程によつて得られた箔、100μ×300×300mm
（H24）、表面粗度極粗）を用い、実施例１と同様
に処理し、そのＬ値を測定した。その結果圧延方
向では90、それと直角方向では87であり、之等は
処理前のそれら（夫々68及び30）に比し顕著に改
善が認められた。
比較例 １
アルミニウム試片としてJISH4000による1100
（Fe0.4wt％含有）を用い、実施例１と同様に処
理した。
比較例 ２〜４
上記実施例１及び２と同一の試片並びに
JISH4000−3003の各アルミニウム試片を、
NaOH5重量％及びNaF2重量％から成るエツチ
ング処理液に、70℃下に30秒間浸漬して処理し
た。
上記各実施例及び比較例で得たアルミニウム製
品の圧延方向及びそれと直角方向でのＬ値を求め
た結果を下記第１表に示す。
The present invention relates to an aluminum foil or sheet product, and more particularly to an aluminum foil or sheet product having a non-directional white surface (hereinafter simply referred to as an aluminum product unless otherwise required) and a method for producing the same. It is well known that the surface of aluminum products becomes directional with respect to light reflection due to forming operations such as rolling. It is also known that a white satin surface can be obtained by etching the above product. However, the conventional satin finish treatment using etching treatment liquids cannot completely eliminate the above-mentioned directionality, and has the drawback that there is a difference in light reflectivity in the rolling direction and in a direction perpendicular to this, and the surface The whiteness of the film is still unsatisfactory. The present inventors have conducted various studies with the aim of eliminating the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional techniques and obtaining an aluminum product that is non-directional and exhibits an excellent white surface. As a result, especially as an aluminum material,
Select aluminum containing a predetermined amount of Fe, which is an alloying element harmful to photovolatility, or at least one impurity selected from Mn, Ti, and Cr, and immerse it in a bath with a specific composition. It has been found that when processed, a product is obtained with unprecedented non-directionality and an excellent white surface. The present invention was completed based on this new knowledge. That is, in the present invention, Fe is contained in an amount of 0.7 to 2.0% by weight or 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
% by weight and 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of at least one selected from Mn, Ti, and Cr, and has a non-directional white surface with an L value of 80 or more and a directionality (△L) of 5 or less. An aluminum product characterized by having the above-mentioned aluminum material, and the above-mentioned aluminum material characterized by being immersed in a non-crawling treatment solution containing 0.2 to 30% by weight of hydrogen fluoride and 5 to 60% by weight of nitric acid or orthophosphoric acid. Relating to a method for manufacturing aluminum products with oriented white surfaces. In the present invention, the L value means the brightness (whiteness) of the product surface measured by the 45° diffusion method (45° method). This is, for example, a direct color measurement color difference computer (model CDE-SCH) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
−4A). The larger the L value, the richer the whiteness. Directivity (△L) is the above L value in the rolling direction of the material,
It is expressed by the difference between the above-mentioned L value in the direction and the perpendicular direction, and the smaller the L value, the less the directionality. The aluminum product of the present invention is made of a specific aluminum material as described above, and is characterized by its surface having remarkable non-directionality and whiteness. Until now, no aluminum product with a surface having such excellent non-directionality and whiteness has been known. Therefore, the product of the present invention is extremely useful in foil or sheet form as display materials such as printed circuit boards and nameplates, packaging materials, container materials, etc., and can also be advantageously used for decorative purposes etc. in the form of various other molded products. can. In particular, the whiteness of the product of the present invention is due to the uniform distribution of countless microscopic mortar-like pits produced by etching, so the product does not change its color tone and has excellent heat resistance and resistance. It also has excellent wear resistance. The product of the present invention having the excellent surface described above is manufactured by immersing an aluminum material containing an alloying element of a specific composition in a treatment liquid of a specific composition. The aluminum used as the material above is Fe0.7
-2.0% by weight, preferably 1.0-2.0% by weight, or 0.5-2.0% by weight of Fe and 0.5-2.0% by weight of at least one selected from Mn, Ti, and Cr. Only then can a product with desired surface properties be obtained by immersion treatment with a treatment solution of a specific composition. With other ordinary aluminum materials, such as those that do not contain the above-mentioned specific alloying elements or those that contain them in amounts outside the above ranges, the desired surface characteristics cannot be imparted even by the above-mentioned dipping treatment. In addition, the above immersion treatment includes 0.2 to 30% by weight of HF, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, and 5 to 60% of HNO 3 or H 3 PO 4
It is important that the treatment is carried out using a non-crawling treatment liquid containing 10 to 30% by weight, and by using this treatment liquid, the desired effect of the present invention can be achieved. However, conventionally known etching solutions such as NaOH-NaF solutions cannot produce such effects. In addition, the above-mentioned processing liquid must not contain chloro (Cl) components, and if it contains chlorine (Cl) components, HF-HNO 3 (or H 3 PO 4 )
Even if the composition is adjusted within the above range, the desired effect of the present invention will not be achieved. The treatment of the aluminum material with the above-mentioned specific treatment liquid of the present invention is carried out by simply immersing the above-mentioned material in the above-mentioned treatment liquid for an appropriate time, and this immersion may be carried out by ordinary means such as coating or spraying. The temperature conditions during the above treatment can be determined as appropriate depending on the concentration of each component constituting the treatment liquid, the type of material to be treated, the immersion time, the degree of surface properties required for the product obtained, etc. Although not limited, the temperature is usually about 10 to 70°C, preferably 20 to 50°C. When a particularly low temperature condition within the above range is adopted, the whiteness is further improved, and when a high temperature condition is adopted, there is a tendency that the directionality may be lost while retaining the gloss of the material as much as possible. The immersion time can be appropriately determined according to the above-mentioned temperature conditions, and usually about 20 to 100 seconds is sufficient to obtain a product with desired surface properties. Examples and comparative examples are given below to explain the present invention in more detail. Example 1 An aluminum specimen (100 μ x 300 x 300 mm (H 24 ), extremely rough surface, foil obtained according to a normal foil manufacturing process) containing 1.5% by weight of Fe was treated with hydrogen fluoride ( The sample was immersed in a treatment solution containing 5% by weight of HF) and 18% by weight of nitric acid (HNO 3 ) at 30° C. for 30 seconds. The L values in the rolling direction and in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the specimen treated as above were determined to be 90 and 88, respectively. The L values of the sample aluminum pieces before treatment were 68 and 30, respectively. Example 2 Fe0.6% by weight and Mn as an aluminum specimen,
Aluminum containing 0.5% by weight of Ti and Cr (Fe0.6,
Contains Mn0.2, Ti0.15, Cr0.15wt%, foil obtained by normal foil manufacturing process, 100μ x 300 x 300mm
(H 24 ), extremely rough surface roughness) was treated in the same manner as in Example 1, and its L value was measured. The results were 90 in the rolling direction and 87 in the direction perpendicular to it, which was a marked improvement compared to those before treatment (68 and 30, respectively). Comparative example 1 1100 according to JISH4000 as an aluminum specimen
(containing 0.4 wt% Fe) was treated in the same manner as in Example 1. Comparative Examples 2 to 4 The same specimens as in Examples 1 and 2 above, and
Each aluminum specimen of JISH4000−3003,
It was treated by immersing it in an etching solution containing 5% by weight of NaOH and 2% by weight of NaF at 70°C for 30 seconds. Table 1 below shows the results of determining the L values in the rolling direction and in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the aluminum products obtained in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
【表】
上記第１表より明らかな通り本発明に従い特定
のアルミニウム素材を特定の処理液で処理する時
には顕著に優れた白色性と無方向性を具備する製
品が得られる。これに対し他のアルミニウム素材
は、同一処理液による処理によつても比較例１に
示す通り白色性及び無方向性改善効果はあまり認
められない。また同一アルミニウム素材を用いる
といえども、これを他の処理液で処理する時に
は、比較例２及び３に示す通り、やはり白色性及
び無方向性の改善はなされない。勿論他の素材を
他の処理液で処理する場合（比較例４）も同様に
本発明効果は発揮されないことが判る。
比較例 ５
アルミニウム試片としてAA5056（Fe0.4wt％を
含有する展伸材）を常法に従つてなし地処理した
試片を用い、実施例１と同様に処理した。
処理品の圧延方向のＬ値は72、これと直角方向
のＬ値は65であつた。
なお、エツチング処理前のアルミニウム試片の
Ｌ値は、圧延方向で54、これと直角方向で49であ
つた。[Table] As is clear from the above Table 1, when a specific aluminum material is treated with a specific treatment solution according to the present invention, a product having significantly superior whiteness and non-directionality can be obtained. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 1, other aluminum materials are not significantly improved in whiteness and non-directionality even when treated with the same treatment liquid. Furthermore, even though the same aluminum material is used, when it is treated with a different treatment liquid, as shown in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the whiteness and non-directionality are not improved. Of course, it can be seen that the effects of the present invention are not exhibited similarly when other materials are treated with other treatment liquids (Comparative Example 4). Comparative Example 5 The aluminum specimen was treated in the same manner as in Example 1, using a specimen of AA5056 (a wrought material containing 0.4 wt % Fe) which had been ground-treated in a conventional manner. The L value of the treated product in the rolling direction was 72, and the L value in the direction perpendicular to this was 65. The L value of the aluminum specimen before etching treatment was 54 in the rolling direction and 49 in the direction perpendicular to this.
Claims (1)
Mn、Ti及びCrから選ばれた少なくとも１種0.5
〜2.0重量％とを含有するアルミニウムから成り
Ｌ値が80以上で且つ方向性（ΔL）が５以下の無
方向性白色表面を有することを特徴とするアルミ
ニウム箔もしくはシート材。 ２ Feを0.7〜2.0重量％或はFe0.5〜2.0重量％と
Mn、Ti及びCrから選ばれた少なくとも１種0.5
〜2.0重量％とを含有するアルミニウム箔もしく
はシート材を、弗化水素0.2〜30重量％及び硝酸
又はオルトリン酸５〜60重量％を含有する無クロ
ール性処理液で浸漬処理してＬ値が80以上で且つ
方向性（ΔL）が５以下の無方向性白色表面を有
するアルミニウム箔もしくはシート材製品を得る
ことを特徴とするアルミニウム箔もしくはシート
材製品の製造法。[Claims] 1 Fe is 0.7 to 2.0% by weight or Fe is 0.5 to 2.0% by weight
At least one selected from Mn, Ti and Cr 0.5
2.0% by weight of aluminum, and has a non-directional white surface with an L value of 80 or more and a directionality (ΔL) of 5 or less. 2 Fe 0.7 to 2.0 wt% or Fe 0.5 to 2.0 wt%
At least one selected from Mn, Ti and Cr 0.5
An aluminum foil or sheet material containing ~2.0% by weight is immersed in a no-chloride treatment solution containing 0.2 to 30% by weight of hydrogen fluoride and 5 to 60% by weight of nitric acid or orthophosphoric acid to obtain an L value of 80. A method for producing an aluminum foil or sheet material product, which is characterized by obtaining an aluminum foil or sheet material product having a non-directional white surface having the above properties and a directionality (ΔL) of 5 or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5032181A JPS57164951A (en) | 1981-04-02 | 1981-04-02 | Aluminum product and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5032181A JPS57164951A (en) | 1981-04-02 | 1981-04-02 | Aluminum product and its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57164951A JPS57164951A (en) | 1982-10-09 |
| JPH039176B2 true JPH039176B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 |
Family
ID=12855634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5032181A Granted JPS57164951A (en) | 1981-04-02 | 1981-04-02 | Aluminum product and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57164951A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5938388A (en) * | 1982-08-26 | 1984-03-02 | Okuno Seiyaku Kogyo Kk | Surface treatment of aluminum alloy casting or aluminum alloy die casting |
| JPS62149838A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-03 | Showa Alum Corp | Aluminum alloy foil excellent in formability |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4916341A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-02-13 | ||
| JPS4998715A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-09-18 | ||
| JPS5446136A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Satin finishing method for aluminum |
| JPS5612301A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Rat-repelling spray |
-
1981
- 1981-04-02 JP JP5032181A patent/JPS57164951A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4916341A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-02-13 | ||
| JPS4998715A (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-09-18 | ||
| JPS5446136A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Satin finishing method for aluminum |
| JPS5612301A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Rat-repelling spray |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57164951A (en) | 1982-10-09 |
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