JPH038938Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention relates to a circulation speed control device for a grain dryer, and is particularly suitable for the type of grain to be dried and the moisture content in the grain dryer, which is commonly used for rice and wheat. The present invention relates to a circulation speed control device for a grain dryer to obtain an optimum circulation speed.

[Conventional technology]

A grain dryer, such as a circulating grain dryer, is equipped with a grain lifting machine, and a grain loading hopper is provided at a loading opening of the grain lifting machine. Then, the grain to be dried, which is input into the hopper, is lifted up and conveyed to the upper central part of the grain dryer by the upper screw, which is the upper conveyance mechanism, and is evenly dropped into the storage section.
The grain is guided through the drying section to the grain collecting section, and then transferred by the lower screw, which is the lower conveyance mechanism, to a grain lifting machine installed either on the front or rear sides of the grain dryer, and then lifted again by the grain lifting machine, repeating the cycle. During this time, grains are dried. Some grain dryers have specifications that can be used for both rice and wheat.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in the grain dryer used for rice and wheat,
Because it is designed primarily for drying paddy due to the frequency of use, it has caused problems when drying grains with high moisture content, such as wheat and beer barley, as their properties and physical properties are different from those of paddy. For example, in the case of wheat, etc., the moisture content at the drying stage is close to 40%, so the fluidity is extremely poor, and the moisture inside the grain oozes out to the surface of the grain due to external pressure. It mixes with other foreign substances, adheres to the surface of the spiral of the conveying system consisting of the upper screw, the lower screw, etc., and solidifies on the inner surface of the grain barrel, further impairing fluidity.
If wheat with such a high moisture value is dried at the same circulation speed as paddy, circulation will not be carried out smoothly, resulting in overload on the motor and moving parts due to clogging of the conveyance system, and the drying of wheat grains. Crushing, uneven drying,
This has the disadvantage of causing problems such as quality deterioration.

[Purpose of invention]

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, and to fix and regulate the amount of wheat delivered from the delivery valve to a predetermined reduction value when the grain to be dried is wheat with a high moisture value. A circulation speed control device for grain dryers that prevents problems such as overload on motors and moving parts due to clogging, crushing of wheat grains, uneven drying, and quality deterioration, and improves drying performance. It is in the realization.

[Means for solving problems]

To achieve this purpose, this invention includes a setting switch mechanism that sets and outputs data corresponding to the grain type and grain amount of the grain to be dried, and a moisture meter that detects the moisture value (MO) of the grain to be dried. a valve control mechanism that increases or decreases the amount of grain fed out per unit time within a predetermined value range in accordance with at least an increase or decrease in the amount of grain when the grain type setting data is paddy; and the dried grain that is discharged from the feeding valve. In a grain dryer having a conveyance system for conveying grains to a storage part installed in a drying part, when the grain type setting data is wheat and the detected moisture value of this wheat is higher than a predetermined high moisture value, The present invention is characterized in that a circulation speed control mechanism is provided to drive and control the valve control mechanism in order to fix and regulate the amount of wheat delivered to a predetermined reduction value regardless of an increase or decrease in the amount of wheat.

[Effect]

According to the structure of this device, when drying wheat, which is a grain with a high moisture value, the circulation speed is slowed down in consideration of poor fluidity, and the drying rate during one pass through the drying section is reduced. Enlarge. This is because wheat and the like do not easily cause shell cracking, and there is no problem even if the circulation speed is slowed down. This enables circulation at an appropriate speed to efficiently dry wheat with high moisture content, and prevents overload on the motor and moving parts due to clogging of the conveyance system, crushing of wheat grains, uneven drying, and quality deterioration. To prevent problems from occurring and improve drying ability. On the other hand, when the grain to be dried is paddy, there is little variation in fluidity depending on the moisture value, so there is no need to consider changing the circulation speed due to moisture. but,
In order to prevent quality deterioration and improve drying efficiency depending on the amount of paddy, the circulation speed is controlled to be slow when the amount is small, and to be circulated quickly when the amount is full. As a result, the optimum circulation speed can be obtained by the circulation speed control mechanism based on the setting data of the grain to be dried and the detected moisture value, so that the circulation of the grain is carried out smoothly and troubles are prevented from occurring. I can do it.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of this invention will be described in detail and specifically below based on the drawings.

1 to 5 show examples of this invention. In the figure, 1 is a grain dryer. This grain dryer 1 has a storage section 2, a drying section 3 superimposed on the storage section 2, and a grain collector 4, and lifts up the grains put into a hopper 6 of a grain lifting machine 5. The grains are dried by repeating the cycle of dropping the grains evenly into grains 2, guiding them through the drying section 3 to the grain collection section 4, and lifting them up again using the grain lifting machine 5.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the lifted grains are transported horizontally by the upper screw 7 and are evenly dropped into the storage section 2. The grains tempered in the storage section 2 are dried while passing through the grain channel 8 of the drying section 3. Intake port 1 of feeding valve 9
The grains that have reached zero and have been dried are sent out in predetermined amounts to the drop port 11 by rotation of the delivery valve 9, slide down on the grain collecting plate 12, and are collected on the lower screw 13. The collected grains are sent to the lower part of the grain lifting machine 5 by the lower screw 13, and lifted to the upper screw 7 by the grain lifting machine 5 again, repeating the cycle. That is, the conveyance system for conveying the grain discharged from the feeding valve 9 to the storage section 2 superimposed on the drying section 3 is composed of a grain collecting plate 12, a lower screw 13, a grain lifting machine 5, an upper screw 7, etc. ing.

At the front of the drying section 3 of the grain dryer 1, a control device 14 having a setting switch mechanism, a display element, etc. as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3 is provided.

This control device 14 is constructed as shown in the block diagram of FIG. In Figure 4, 20~
24 is various sensors, 20 is a grain temperature sensor, 21 is a tank fuel amount sensor, 22 is an outside air temperature sensor, and 23 is a hot air temperature detector. 24 is a moisture meter that samples the drying grain at predetermined intervals and automatically detects the moisture value (MO).

25 is a stop moisture value setting switch for setting the moisture value at the end of grain drying, and 26 is a grain amount setting switch for setting the loading amount. Also, 27 is paddy
This is a grain type setting switch that sets the type of grain to be loaded, such as wheat or beer barley. That is, the setting switch mechanism includes a grain amount setting switch 26 and a grain type setting switch 27, and sets and outputs data corresponding to the grain type and grain amount of the grain to be dried.

28-1 is a loading operation switch, 28-2 is a drying operation switch, 28-3 is a discharge operation switch, 2
9 is a stop switch, 30 is a model selection switch,
31 is a group of safety switches.

32 is a clock oscillator that generates a synchronizing signal to synchronize the operation of each part; 33 is an A/D conversion circuit that converts analog information signals of the sensor group from grain temperature sensor 20 to moisture meter 24 into digital signals;
4 is the encoder stop moisture value setting switch 25,
Grain amount setting switch 26 and grain type setting switch 2
This is a device that encodes the setting values from 7 and outputs them to a control computer 35 mainly composed of a CPU (arithmetic processing unit).

40 is an OK monitor indicator consisting of an OK monitor and a buzzer, which displays and warns the safety status of the grain dryer 1. Numeral display 41 alternately displays the hot air temperature, grain moisture value, etc. detected by the above-mentioned sensor group, and also digitally displays the amount of fuel required for drying the grain.

42 is a burner drive circuit, and 43 is a motor drive circuit. These drive circuits 42 and 43 are driven by commands from the control computer 35. That is, the burner drive circuit 42 drives the ignition heater 44, the ignition valve 45, the electromagnetic pump 46, and the burner fan motor 47. The motor drive circuit 43 also includes an exhaust fan motor 48 and a conveyor motor 4.
9. It is configured to control and drive a dust remover motor 50, a variable speed circulation motor 51 that rotationally drives the feeding valve 9 of the grain collecting section 4, and a moisture meter motor 52.

In addition, when the grain type setting data is paddy, the control device 14 includes a variable speed circulation system that constitutes a valve control mechanism to increase or decrease the amount of grain delivered per unit time within a predetermined value range at least in response to an increase or decrease in the amount of grain. The motor 51 is driven and controlled. Furthermore, when the grain type setting data is wheat and the detected moisture value of the wheat is higher than a predetermined high moisture value (for example, MO > 30%), the control device 14 feeds the wheat regardless of the increase or decrease in the amount of grain. It has a circulation speed control mechanism (not shown) that drives and controls the variable speed circulation motor 51 in order to fix and regulate the amount to a predetermined reduction value.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained below based on the flowchart of FIG.

First, turn on the drying operation switch 28-2 in Figure 4.
When turned ON, the program in the read-only memory (hereinafter referred to as "ROM") in the control computer 35 starts, and the drying starts at 100 in Fig. 5.
The state becomes 101, and each of the drive motors 48 to 52 is driven. Next, according to the program in the ROM, the burner drive circuit 42 shown in FIG. 4 is activated to turn on the ignition heater 44 and turn on the ignition valve 4
5 is opened for a predetermined period of time, and the burner fan motor 47 is driven while supplying fuel to the burner by the electromagnetic pump 46, resulting in the burner ignition state 102 shown in FIG.

At 103, enter numerical data such as tank fuel amount F, grain amount C, grain type K, grain moisture value MO, stop moisture value ME, outside air temperature S, grain temperature G, etc. obtained by various sensors and setting switch mechanisms. Random access memory (hereinafter referred to as "RAM") which is a storage means in the control computer 35
temporarily memorize it. 04, the grain moisture value MO obtained from the moisture meter 24 and the stop moisture value setting switch 25
The moisture value MO is compared with the set value ME.
If ME is not reached, proceed to 105 and moisture value MO
When reaches the set value ME, the process proceeds to step 120. 120
At step 121, the burner is extinguished, and the burner drive circuit 42 performs a series of operations for extinguishing the burner, and at step 121, the motor drive circuit 43 stops the various motors, resulting in a drying completion state 122.

105 is the input of the hot air temperature T, and the moisture value MO
This is a routine that proceeds when is less than the set value ME.
The hot air temperature T is input from the hot air temperature detector 23 . Next, in step 106, a set temperature Tc is calculated based on numerical data such as the outside air temperature S, grain moisture value MO, grain amount C, and grain type K temporarily stored in the RAM, and the set temperature Tc is determined. . Once the set temperature Tc is determined, the process proceeds to hot air temperature control 107, and the amount of oil sent to the burner is controlled so that the set temperature Tc is achieved.

At 108 to 117, circulation speed control according to this embodiment is performed. At 108, it is determined whether the grain type K input at 103 and temporarily stored in the RAM is paddy, and if NO, the process goes to 109; if YES, the process goes to 110.

If 108 is YES, that is, grain type K is paddy,
The rotation speed of the variable speed circulation motor 51 is calculated only based on the grain amount C, and is not calculated based on the grain moisture value MO. This is because the fluidity of paddy varies little depending on its moisture content. However, the amount of grain C
If the circulation speed is small, a high circulation speed will cause mechanical quality deterioration, while a slow circulation speed will take a long time to dry and reduce efficiency. The rotation speed of the variable speed circulation motor 51 is calculated from the amount C. Grain amount C 1-2, 3-5,
Classified as 5 or more full amount, 110 and the grain amount of paddy is C
It is determined whether the amount is a small amount of =1 to 2. If YES, the process advances to 111, and the rotation speed of the variable speed circulation motor 51 is set to low speed L (the rotation of the delivery valve 9 is slow). If NO at 110, proceed to 112,
It is determined whether the grain amount C is C=3 to 5 or not. If YES, the process advances to 113 and the variable speed circulation motor 51 is set to medium speed M. If the grain amount C is 5 or more and is full, the process proceeds to 114, where the variable speed circulation motor 51 is set to high speed H, the rotation speed of the feeding valve 9 also increases, and the circulation speed becomes high. That is, when the grain type setting data is paddy, the variable speed circulation motor 51 is variably controlled to increase or decrease the amount of grain delivered per unit time within a predetermined value range, at least in response to an increase or decrease in the amount of grain.

On the other hand, if grain type K = NO in 108, whether it is paddy or not, that is, if it is a grain with high moisture content such as wheat, 1
Proceeding to step 09, the rotation speed of the variable speed circulation motor 51 is calculated based on the grain moisture value MO obtained from the moisture meter 24. This is because grains with high moisture content, such as wheat, have high initial moisture content and poor fluidity.

At 109, the grain moisture value MO measured by moisture meter 24 is 21.
% and the fluidity is good, proceed to 110,
At step 10, depending on the amount of grain C, the variable speed circulation motor 51 is activated from the viewpoint of quality deterioration and drying efficiency, as in the case of paddy described above.
The rotation speed of is calculated. That is, the amount of grain C is C=1
-2, the variable speed circulation motor 51 is set to low speed L, when C=3 to 5, it is set to medium speed, and when the grain amount C is 5 or more and full, it is set to high speed.
Even at high speeds, since the moisture content is low and the fluidity is good as described above, problems such as overloading the motor due to clogging of the conveyance system and uneven drying do not occur.

109 and the moisture value MO is 21% or more, 11
Proceed to step 5. 115 determines whether the moisture value MO is 21% or more and less than 30%, and if NO, the moisture value MO is 30%.
% or more, the fluidity is poor, so proceed to 111. 11
1, the variable speed circulation motor 51 is rotated at a low speed L, that is, the payout valve 9 is rotated at a low speed, slowing down the circulation speed and increasing the drying rate. This allows wheat with a high moisture value to
This prevents clogging of the conveyance system consisting of 3, upper screw, etc., and prevents troubles such as overload on motors and moving parts, crushing of wheat grains, uneven drying, and quality deterioration. In this case, the reason why the drying rate can be increased and the fluidity can be improved is because wheat etc. are difficult to crack and there is no risk of quality deterioration. That is, when the grain type setting data is wheat and the detected moisture value of this wheat is higher than a predetermined high moisture value (for example, MO > 30%), the circulation speed control mechanism of the control device 14 controls the amount of wheat to increase or decrease. The variable speed circulation motor 51 is drive-controlled so that the amount of wheat delivered is fixedly regulated to a reduced value regardless of the amount of wheat delivered.

If YES in 115, the process goes to 116, and it is determined whether the grain amount C is C=1 to 2. If YES, the process goes to 111, and the variable speed circulation motor 51 is set to low speed L, and if NO, the process goes to 113. The speed is then set to medium speed M.

In this way, grain type K, grain amount C, and moisture value
When the rotation speed of the variable speed circulation motor 51 is calculated by MO, the process proceeds to 117, where the variable speed circulation motor 51
is controlled to a calculated rotation speed, and the grain is circulated and dried.

At 118, check the operation of the safety device and select YES.
If so, it is displayed on the OK monitor display 40 at step 123, and the process branches to an error processing routine at step 124 to perform error processing.

If NO in 118, it is determined whether the sampling timer Ts in 119 has timed out, and if NO in 119, 1
If YES, jump to 103 and proceed to the routine starting at 103.

In this embodiment, the variable speed circulation motor 51 of the delivery valve 9 is used to control the circulation speed.
Although this was done by controlling the rotation speed of the feed valve 9, in the case of a type in which the feeding valve 9 is rotated intermittently, the intermittent cycle may be controlled.

[Effect of idea]

As is clear from the above detailed explanation, according to this invention, when the grain type setting data is paddy, the valve control that changes the grain delivery amount per unit time to a predetermined value range at least in response to an increase or decrease in the grain amount. mechanism, a conveyance system that transports the dried grain discharged from the feeding valve to the storage section piled up in the drying section, and the setting data of the grain type is wheat and the detected moisture value of the wheat is higher than a predetermined high moisture value. By installing a circulation speed control mechanism that drives and controls a valve control mechanism to fix and regulate the amount of wheat fed to a predetermined reduction value regardless of the increase or decrease in the amount of wheat, high moisture values of wheat, etc. can be reduced. When drying grains with a high moisture content, the amount of grain delivered from the delivery valve is automatically fixed and regulated to a predetermined reduction value.In other words, the grain is circulated at an appropriate speed to efficiently dry the grains with a high moisture content. This prevents troubles such as overloading the motor and moving parts due to clogging of the conveyance system, crushing of wheat grains, uneven drying, and quality deterioration, and easily improves drying capacity. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 show examples of this invention; Figure 1 is a front view of the grain dryer, Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the grain dryer, and Figure 3 is a section taken in the direction of the arrow in Figure 1. An enlarged view, FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control device, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart explaining the operation of the control device. In the figure, 1 is a grain dryer, 2 is a storage section, 3 is a drying section, 5 is a grain fryer, 7 is an upper screw, 9 is a feeding valve, 13 is a lower screw, 14 is a control device, 24 is a moisture meter, 26 is the grain amount setting switch,
27 is a grain type setting switch, 35 is a control computer, 51 is a variable speed circulation motor, C is a grain amount,
K is the grain type and MO is the grain moisture meter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A setting switch mechanism that sets and outputs data corresponding to the grain type and grain amount of the grain to be dried; a moisture meter that detects the moisture value (MO) of the grain to be dried; and a moisture meter that detects the moisture value (MO) of the grain to be dried; a valve control mechanism that varies the amount of grain delivered per unit time to a predetermined value range in response to at least an increase or decrease in the amount of grain;
In a grain dryer having a conveyance system for conveying the dried grain discharged from a feeding valve to a storage section superimposed on a drying section, the grain type setting data is wheat and the detected moisture value of this wheat is A circulation speed control mechanism is provided to drive and control the valve control mechanism in order to fix and regulate the amount of wheat delivered to a predetermined reduction value regardless of an increase or decrease in the amount of wheat when the moisture content exceeds a predetermined high moisture value. Grain dryer circulation speed control device.