JPH0217381A - Controller for grain drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To equalize time lengths necessary for drying grain to a predetermined moisture content by a method wherein the grain circulating speed of a circulating means and/or a hot air temperature are controlled so as to equalize the amount of receiving heat in a predetermined time per unit volume in spite of the charging amount of the grain. CONSTITUTION:Grain, charged in the grain tank 14 of a grain drying device 10, is dried by hot air introduced from a burner 24 by a suction type air discharging fan 27 through an air introducing passage 20. Then, the grain is circulated through a shutter drum 30, a lower screw conveyer 34, a bucket conveyer 36, an upper screw conveyer 40 and a rotary distributor 42. In this case, a controller 48 controls at least one of the circulating speed of the grain circulated by the circulating means and hot air temperature of hot air ventilating means 24, 27 so that the amount of receiving heat of the grain per unit volume within a predetermined period of time is equalized in spite of the charging amount of the grain. Thus, a time necessary for drying the grain to a predetermined moisture content may be equalized in spite of the charging amount of the grain.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a control device for a grain drying device, and more particularly to a control device for a grain drying device that circulates grain and blows hot air to dry the grain.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, there has been a control device for a grain dryer that dries the grain to a predetermined moisture content by changing the hot air temperature and the rotation cycle (circulation speed) of the grain shutter drum in accordance with the amount of grain loaded. Are known. In this grain drying apparatus control device, the target temperature T of the hot air of the hot air blowing means is determined by the following equation (1).

T = T o ・0.6 + Y + K ... (1
) Here, Y is a value determined according to the grain loading amount (setting value of the loading amount setting dial), To is the outside temperature, and K is a value determined depending on the type of grain. For example, in the case of paddy or beer wheat is 0 and 10 for barley or wheat.

In addition, the circulation speed S is calculated using the following formula (2) for paddy or beer wheat.
In the case of barley or wheat, it is determined by the following formula (3).

5=60-7.5d... (2) S=45-
5d... (3) Here, d is a value determined in accordance with the amount of grain put in (the setting value of the put amount setting dial).

Therefore, the grain is circulated at a circulation speed S and dried at a hot air temperature T. During drying, the moisture content of the grain is detected by a moisture sensor, and when the detected moisture content becomes equal to a predetermined moisture content, drying is terminated.

In addition, abrasion (1), abrasion (2), and abrasion (3) were each determined empirically based on past drying work's loading amount, hot air temperature, circulation time, drying time, etc. It is something.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional grain drying device control device described above, the amount of heat received by the grain from the hot air per unit volume within a predetermined time varies depending on the amount of charging. Even when the moisture content of grains is the same, the time required to dry the grain to a predetermined moisture content varies depending on the amount of grain added, making it difficult to plan the work.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a control device for a grain drying device that can equalize the time required to dry the grain to a predetermined moisture content regardless of the amount of grain loaded. The purpose is to

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control device for a grain drying apparatus, which includes a circulation means for circulating grains and a hot air blowing means for blowing hot air onto the grains. Control for controlling at least one of the circulation speed of the forward circulation means and the hot air temperature of the hot air blowing means so that the amount of heat received by the grain per unit volume from the hot air within a predetermined time is equal regardless of the amount of grain loaded. It is composed of means.

[Function] According to the present invention, the grains packed in the apparatus are circulated and flowed within the apparatus by the circulation means, and are dried with hot air by the hot air blown by the hot air blower means. Here, the filling amounts H+ and H2 (Hl < H
2) Let E be the total amount of heat required to dry H1 of grain in 1 hour. In order to dry H2 of grain in 1 hour, the total amount of heat is H2/H, times E. -H,
/H is required. Therefore, in order to dry the grains of H2 and H2 in one hour, it is sufficient to make the amount of heat Q received by the grains per unit volume from the hot air equal in one hour, regardless of the amount of filling. Here, the amount of heat Q (kcal) that grains receive from hot air per unit volume is calculated by the following formula (4
).

Q=q-t-n... (4) Here, q(
kcal/h) is the amount of heat per unit time required to raise the hot air temperature by ΔT (ΔT = target temperature of hot air T - outside temperature T), and t (h) is the amount of grain per unit volume passing through the drying section. n is the number of times the grain per unit volume passes through the drying section.

In order to make Q equal regardless of the amount of filling, q
It is sufficient to change at least one of St and n. Here, q corresponds to the hot air temperature and t-n corresponds to the circulation speed. Therefore, in the present invention, by changing at least one of the hot air temperature and the circulation speed, it is possible to increase the temperature per unit volume regardless of the amount of grain loaded. The amount of heat Q received by the grains from the hot air within a predetermined period of time is made equal.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the hot air temperature and circulation speed are adjusted so that the amount of heat Q received by the grain per unit volume from the hot air within a predetermined time is equal regardless of the amount of grain packed. Since at least one of the grains is changed, an excellent effect can be obtained in that the time required to dry the grain to a predetermined moisture content can be made equal regardless of the amount of grain loaded.

[Example] Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show a grain drying device 10 equipped with a grain drying device control device of the present invention, and the grain drying device 100 body 12 has a box-like shape that is high up and down and long in the front and back. It is said that The upper inner cavity of the fuselage 12 serves as a grain tank 14, and the lower inner cavity serves as a drying section 16.

A flow path 18 is formed in the drying section 16 and partitioned by a ventilated partition made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh, etc., so that the grain in the grain tank 14 flows down. An air guide path 20 is formed between adjacent downstream paths 18, and an air exhaust path 2 is formed on the opposite side of the air guide path 200 across the downstream path 18.
2 is formed. A burner 24 is connected to the air guide path 20, and a suction exhaust fan 27 is further connected to the air exhaust path 22. Therefore, the hot air generated by the burner 24 is sent to the air guide path 20, and from the air guide path 20 to the downstream path 18.
The air flows through the air to the exhaust air passage 22. The grains in the flow path 18 are dried by this hot air. The air guide path 20 also includes a hot air temperature sensor 46.
It is designed to detect the temperature of the hot air being blown.

A shutter drum 30 that is reciprocated by a motor 28 is arranged at the lower end opening of the flow path 18.
The grains that have passed through the shutter drum 8 are delivered to a grain harvesting section 31 below the shutter drum 30. A loading port 29 is provided on the side of the grain harvesting section 31, through which grain can be loaded into the machine. Further, a lower screw conveyor 34 driven by a synchronous motor 32 is arranged at the lower part of the grain harvesting section 31, and is adapted to convey the grain fed out by the shutter drum 30 to the front side of the machine body 12. A packet conveyor 36 is erected on the front side of the body 12. Inside this packet conveyor 36, a synchronous motor 38 is provided.
A grain conveying packet 41 is attached to an endless conveyor 39 driven by a lower screw conveyor 34.
The grain sent out from the machine can be transported to the top of the machine body 12. One end of an upper screw conveyor 40 corresponds to the upper end of the packet conveyor 36, and a rotary equalizer 42 is connected to the other end of the upper screw conveyor 40. The upper screw conveyor 40 and rotary equalizer 42 are driven by a motor 38 together with a packet conveyor 36.
The grains lifted and conveyed by the packet conveyor 36 are distributed to the grain tank 14 of the machine body 12.

A moisture sensor 44 for detecting the moisture content of grain is arranged at the bottom of the packet conveyor 36, and when the grain conveying packet 41 of the packet conveyor 36 is reversed, a portion of the scooped grain flows into the inside. It is supposed to be done.

There is a suction port 13 on the front side of the aircraft body 12 for sucking outside air.
An outside air temperature sensor 47 is arranged near the suction port 13 to detect the temperature of outside air. Further, an operating section 60 is arranged on the front side of the fuselage 12, and a control circuit 48 constituted by a microcomputer is arranged inside the fuselage 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, the control circuit 48 includes the burner 24,
Suction blower 27, motor 28, motor 32, motor 38
, a moisture sensor 44, a hot air temperature sensor 46, and an outside air temperature sensor 47 are connected, as well as a power switch 50. The control circuit 48 also includes a drying operation start switch 52, a moisture content setting dial 53, a grain setting dial 54, and a filling amount setting dial 56 provided on the operating section 60.
is connected.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained in detail based on the drying process control routine by the microcomputer shown in FIG.

When the power switch 50 is turned on, in step 100, the injection amount H2 set in the injection l setting device 56 is read, and in step 106, the target temperature T2 of the hot air is calculated.

Here, a method for calculating the target temperature T2 of hot air will be explained in detail. Filling amounts H+, H2(H
For grains with +<H2), if the total amount of heat required to dry the grains of Hl in 7 hours is E, then the grains of H2 will be dried in 7 hours.

For this, H2/H1 times the total amount of heat E-H2/H.

is required. Therefore, in order to dry the grains of H and H2 in 7 hours, it is sufficient to make sure that the amount of heat Q received by the grains per unit volume from the hot air within 7 hours is equal, regardless of the loading amount. Here, the amount of heat received by the grain per unit volume Q (kcal) from the hot air is determined by the cutting allowance (4).

Therefore, in order to make Q equal, at least one of qltSn needs to be changed. For example, considering the case of changing q, q is the following formula% formula% Here, A (m'/5ec) is the average air volume of the drying device 10, and B (k a l/kg-d eg) is the air Specific heat, C (kg/m'), is air specific weight.

That is, q is the target temperature T of hot air and the outside air temperature T0 (
Since it is proportional to the temperature difference ΔT from the temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 47, q can be changed by changing ΔT. Furthermore, since t-n is constant, the total amount of heat is proportional to q and proportional to ΔT.

Therefore, in order to make Q equal, the temperature difference ΔT2 when the filling amount is H2 is H2/of the temperature difference ΔT1 when the filling amount is H1.
The target temperature T may be set to be H1 times higher.

In step 108, the moisture content (target moisture content) set by the moisture content setting dial 54 is read. In step 110, it is determined whether or not the drying operation start switch 52 is turned on. If it is determined that the drying operation start switch 52 is turned on, control of the motor 28 is started in step 112 to rotate the shutter drum 30, and in step 114, the motor 32 is Turn on .38 and lower screw conveyor 34,
The packet conveyor 36, upper screw conveyor 40, and rotary equalizer 42 are rotated. As a result, the grain is fed out from the drying section 16 to the grain harvesting section 31 by the shutter drum 30.1. From the grain harvesting section 31, the grains are sequentially conveyed to the packet conveyor 36 side by the lower screw conveyor 34, and are further shredded by the packets 41 of the rotating packet conveyor 36 and conveyed upward. The grain conveyed above the machine body 12 by the packet conveyor 36 is sent to the upper central part of the machine body 12 by an upper screw conveyor 40, and is returned to the grain bin 14 in the machine body by a rotary equalizer 42.

In step 116, the suction conveyor 27 is turned on, and in step 118, the burner 24 is ignited. As a result, the hot air is sucked by the suction/exhaust fan 27 and sent into the air guide path 20. The hot air sent into the air guide path 20 flows through the flow path 1
It is directly fed to the grain within 8. Here, the grain is dried with hot air. The hot air after absorbing moisture from the grains is discharged to the outside of the grain drying device 10 through the exhaust passage 22.

In step 120, the temperature X detected by the hot air temperature sensor 46 is read. In step 122, it is determined whether the detected temperature X is equal to the target temperature T2. If it is determined that they are equal, the output of the moisture sensor 44 is read in step 124, and the moisture content is calculated. It is determined whether the calculated moisture content is equal to the target moisture content in step 126, and if it is determined that it is equal to the target moisture content, the drying operation is ended in step 128. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 126 that the calculated moisture content is not equal to the target moisture content, the process jumps to step 120.

Further, in step 122, the detected temperature X is changed to the target temperature T.
If it is determined that the temperature is not equal to 2, the detected temperature X is set to the target temperature T in step 130.

It is determined whether the detected temperature X is the target temperature T.

If it is determined that the amount is less than 1, the amount of fuel supplied to the burner 24 is controlled in step 132 to increase the amount of combustion, and the temperature of the hot air is increased, and the process jumps to step 124. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 130 that the detected temperature X is not lower than the target temperature T2, the amount of fuel supplied to the burner 24 is controlled in step 134 to reduce the combustion amount, and the process jumps to step 124.

In this way, in the above embodiment, the hot air temperature was changed so that the amount of heat received from the hot air Q until drying of the grain per unit volume was the same regardless of the amount of grain loaded, so the amount of loaded grain H2 An excellent effect can be obtained in that the drying time in the case of the filling amount H3 can be made equal to the drying time in the case of the filling amount H3.

In the above embodiment, only the hot air temperature was changed to equalize the drying time, but the drying time may be equalized by controlling the rotation cycle of the shutter drum 30 and changing the grain circulation speed. The temperature and circulation rate may be varied to equalize the drying time. Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the initial moisture content of the grains is equal was explained, but
If the initial moisture content of the grains is different, the drying time may be made equal by changing at least one of the hot air temperature and circulation speed in accordance with the initial moisture content.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the drying process control routine of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the grain drying apparatus of this embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line 2--2 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the circuit of the control device for the grain drying apparatus of this embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Grain drying device, 24... Burner, 27... Suction fan, 28... Motor, 32... Motor, 38... Motor, 44... Moisture sensor, 46...・Hot air temperature sensor, 47...Outside air temperature sensor, 48...Control circuit, 52...Drying operation start switch, 53...Moisture content setting dial 54...Grain setting dial, 56...Zhang Volume setting dial. Figure Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A control device for a grain drying equipment equipped with a circulation means for circulating grain and a hot air blowing means for blowing hot air onto the grain, wherein the grain per unit volume is dried within a predetermined time regardless of the amount of grain loaded. A control device for a grain drying apparatus, comprising a control means for controlling at least one of the circulation speed of the circulation means and the hot air temperature of the hot air blowing means so that the amount of heat received from the hot air is equal to the amount of heat received from the hot air.