JPH0378798A - Method for recording and erproducing midi signal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To allow the absorption of the deviation in the timing of performance before and after punch-in time by recording the musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) message received just before the punch-in time by shifting the reception time to the punch-in time. CONSTITUTION:A timer 2 to administer the time is started to start the reading out and reproducing of the MIDI message array A from a memory means 4. The writing of the MIDI message array B freshly inputted to the region different from the recording region of the MIDI message array A on the memory means 4 is started at the point of the time when the counting of the timer 2 attains the time just before the punch-in time by the prescribed time T1. The reading out of the MIDI message array A is suspended and only the writing of the MIDI message array B is continued when the count value of the timer 2 attains the punch-in time. The MIDI message after the punch-in time of the MIDI message array A is substd. with the MIDI message array B on the memory means 4 upon ending of the writing of the MIDI message array B. The deviation in the timing of the performance before and after the punch-in time is absorbed in this way.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a MIDI signal recording and reproducing method for recording and reproducing music performance information transmitted in accordance with the MIDI (Musical Instruments Digital Interface) standard.

Conventional technology,.

In recent years, the MIDI standard has become widely used as a transfer format for digitized music performance information. This MIDI standard allows information such as the timing, pitch, and strength of the played notes to be sent.
By recording and reproducing signals, music performance information can be recorded and reproduced. This performance information is expressed as a MIDI message string consisting of a 1-byte status byte indicating the type of information and a data byte accompanying the status byte, and is serially transferred. However, the number of data bytes involved varies depending on the status byte.
There are also status bytes that are not accompanied by data bytes.

Table 1 lists typical MIDI messages.

Table 1 x is 0 to F. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the MIDI ID-da. In Figure 3, 1 is serially transferred M
MI that converts IDI signals to 8-bit parallel data
DIID-bar, 2 is a timer that provides a time axis during recording and playback; 3, which uses the output signals of MIDI-bar 1 and timer 2 as input signals, writes and reads data to and from the storage means, and performs MIDI (to be described later) A control means for controlling the sending of data to a transmitter, and generally a microcomputer is used. 4 is a storage means, and 5 is a MIDI transmitter that converts 8-bit parallel data into a MIDI signal. The MIDI ID bar 1 and MIDI) transmitter 5 are both general-purpose ACIA (Asynchronous
Con+n+unlcat1ons Interfa
ce Adapter) can be used.

The recording and reproducing operations of the MIDI ID card configured as described above will be explained below.

When recording, the first received MIDI signal is MIDIID
-Converted into 8-bit parallel data by bar 1. The control means 3 identifies each byte of data into a status byte and a data byte based on its most significant bit.
After each status byte, wait for the arrival of a predetermined number of data bytes (consisting of a status byte and a data byte).
The count value of timer 2 at the time of arrival is added to each MIDI message as a step time (representing the time of arrival of each MIDI ID-tas), and both are stored in a storage means. Write in 4. For example, a representative M
In the case of a note-on message (a message indicating that a sound has been produced), which is an IDI message, first the note-on message is
Since the ON status is transmitted, the control means 3 determines this, waits for the next two data bytes, that is, the note number (representing the pitch) and the velocity (representing the strength of the sound). These 3-byte note-on messages are put together, a timer count value is added thereto as a step time, and the result is written into the storage means 4. The same applies to note-off messages that indicate the stop of sound production. However, note-on messages with velocity data "0" are generally used instead of note-off messages. After all, if a note is played, the note-on
The difference between the step time added to the message and the step time added to the note-off message or the note-on message with velocity "0" becomes the note sounding time. This is diagrammatically shown in FIG.

During playback, the control means 3 sequentially reads the MIDI message and the step time added thereto from the storage means 4, and each time the time counted by the timer 2 and the read step time match, the control means 3 reads the corresponding MIDI message one byte at a time. Send to MIDI transmitter 5, MI
DI) The transmitter 5 outputs this as a serial MIDI signal.

The above is an example of the basic recording and reproducing operations of the MIDI ID. Furthermore, the MIDI ID-data usually has editing functions such as punch-in and punch-out. This function will be explained below.

The MIDI ID-der's punch-in and punch-out functions are the same as the punch-in and punch-out functions of recorders that record music signals as they are, regardless of whether they are digital or analog.
This is a replacement for editing the DI signal. Editing that specifies any point on the time axis of a MIDI message string that has been recorded as the punch-in time, plays back the MIDI message string before that point, in other words, monitors the performance, and re-records new performance information after the punch-in time. The method is called punch-in. Similarly, punch-out is an editing method in which a punch-out time is designated, the performance information before that time is newly recorded, and after the punch-out time, the first recorded performance information is monitored. Normally, punch-in and punch-out are used as a pair, and it is possible to specify any two points on the time axis of a MIDI message string that has been recorded once, and rewrite the MIDI messages between them while monitoring the previous and subsequent performance information. ing.

Regarding punch-in, conventional MIDI signal recording and reproducing apparatuses perform punch-in according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.

(b) Initialize and start timer 2.

(b) The MIDI message string A recorded before the punch-in time and the step time associated therewith are sequentially read out from the storage means 4, and the performance information is reproduced.

(c) When the count of the timer 2 reaches the punch-in time, reading is stopped, and the count value of the timer 2 is added as a step time to the MIDI message string B that arrives thereafter, and writing to the storage means 4 is started. However, the area to be written is a different area from the area where A is written.

(d) When the recording of the MID message string B is completed, the MID behind the punch-in position on the storage means 4 is
Replace the I message string A and the step time associated with it with the newly recorded MIDI message string B and step time.

Further, punch-out was executed according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.

(b) Initialize and start the timer.

(b) MID input before the punch-out time
Writing of the I-message string B to the storage means is started.

(c) When the writing of MIDI message string B reaches the punch-out time, writing of MIDI message string B is stopped, and reading and reproduction of MIDI message string A is started.

(d) When the reading of the MIDI message string A is completed, an all notes off message for stopping the sounding of all notes is added after the MIDI message string B on the storage means.

(e) MID that is earlier than the punch-in time on the storage means
The I message string A and its accompanying step time are replaced with the newly recorded MIDI message string B and step time.

Here, in punch-out step 2, the All Notes Off message is added if there is a note being sounded at the end of recording MIDI message string B, that is, at the punch-out time. Unless there is a note-off message or a note-on message with a velocity of 0 as a substitute for it in the subsequent MIDI message string A, that note will continue to sound, so it is useful to prevent this. .

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional procedure described above, when punching in, even if the performer attempts to record note-on information at the punch-in position, if a note is sounded just before the punch-in time due to a slight deviation in the human performance, that information will be lost. is not recorded. This problem can be avoided by making the count period of timer 2 longer and by making the resolution of the recording coarser in the time axis direction, but it will not be possible to capture the subtle human nuances of timing.

FIG. 6 diagrammatically represents this problem.

In FIG. 6, each MIDI message string is represented by a musical score. In Fig. 6(a), the first note of MIDI message string B, "So", was input immediately after the punch-in time, so the message string after punch-in editing is "Do Re Mi Fa So Racido". In (b), the first note of MIDI message string B arrived slightly earlier than the punch-in time, so after punch-in editing, the "G" note is omitted and it becomes "Do Re Mi Farashido."

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a MIDI system that allows recording from the punch-in time as intended by the performer, regardless of the timing deviation of performance information before and after the punch-in time, even when recording with fine resolution. The first object is to provide a signal recording and reproducing method.

In addition, in the conventional procedure described above, when punching out, MI
If the performance information first recorded as DI message string A includes a note that starts sounding before the punch-out time and stops sounding after the punch-out time,
After punch-out processing, there was a problem that the notes would be cut off at the punch-out time.

FIG. 7 diagrammatically represents this problem.

In FIG. 7, each MII)I message string is represented by a musical score. Since the "F" note spans before and after the punch-out time, the sound will be interrupted at the punch-out time after punch-out editing.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problem, and a second object is to prevent notes from being interrupted at the punch-out time after punch-out editing even if there are notes that span before and after the punch-out position. do.

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve this object, the MIDI signal recording and reproducing method of the present invention includes: (a) activating a timer for managing time and reading out the MIDI message string A from the storage means during punch-in; Start playing.

(b) When the timer count reaches a predetermined time T1 before the punch-in time, the newly input MIDI message string B is written to an area different from the recording area of the MIDI message string A on the storage means. Start.

However, the reception time (step time) of each message added to each message of MIDI message string B is all recorded as the punch-in time.

(c) When the count value of the timer reaches the punch-in time, stop reading the MIDI message string A, and
Only writing of IDI message string B continues. The step time is a timer count value.

(d) When writing of MIDI message string B is completed, MIDI messages after the punch-in time of MIDI message string A are replaced with MIDI message string B on the storage means. At the time of punch-out, (a) the MID input from before the punch-out time is
Writing of the I message string B to an area different from the recording area of the MIDI message string A on the storage means is started.

The step time is the count value of the timer.

(b) When the timer count value reaches the punch-out time, stop writing MIDI message string B, and
Reading and reproducing 15- of DI message string A is started.

(c) When the reading of the MIDI message string A is completed, among the notes that are being sounded at the punch-out time, MI for a predetermined time T2 from the punch-out time
A note-off or note-on message with a velocity of "0" is added to the DI message string A for those that do not have a note-off or note-on message with a velocity of "0". The step time is the punch-out time.

(d) Replace messages before the punch-out time in MIDI message string A with MIDI message string B.

Take this procedure.

Effects of the present invention By recording a MIDI message received immediately before the punch-in time by shifting the reception time to the punch-in time, the subtle timing deviation of the performance information before and after the punch-in time can be absorbed. This makes it possible to record performance information 18- with high resolution.

Furthermore, the present invention does not note-off all notes at the punch-out time, but selectively notes only those notes that are being sounded at the punch-out time and have no note-off message after the punch-out time. - By turning this off, you can also perform punch-out processing for notes whose sound spans before and after the punch-out time.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a first example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a MIDI signal recording and reproducing method in a first embodiment of the present invention.

The hardware configuration for realizing this embodiment is similar to the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 3, with the difference being the software configuration in the control means 2. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the operation of the MIDI ID controller according to the present invention.

First, in step 101, the timer 2 that provides the time axis is initialized and activated. For example, the resolution on the time axis of recording, that is, the time of one count of timer 2, is 179 quarter notes.
6, and if you want to start monitoring the playback of MIDI message string A from the beginning of the third measure of a song with a 4/4 time signature,
2=768 is set as the initial value of timer 2. Step 1
At 02, the count value of timer 2 is T from the punch-in time.
Determine whether it has reached 1. T1 is a value (4
(approximately 1/32nd to 1/16th of a diacritical note). If we take the resolution of 1/96 of a quarter note mentioned above, 1/16 of a quarter note corresponds to 6 counts of timer 2, so for example, if the punch-in time is the beginning of the 6th measure of the above song, The punch-in time is 9E3X4X6=2258, and the punch-in time -T1 is 225f3-+3=2260. While it is determined in step 102 that the count value of timer 2 has not reached the punch-in time - TI, steps 103 to
Do 105.

In steps 103 to 105, the MIDI message string A and the step time string associated therewith are sequentially read from the storage means 4, and if the read step time and the count value of the timer 2 match, the MIDI message is transferred to MIDI).
A playback monitoring operation of the MIDI message string A to be sent to the transmitter 5 is performed. If it is determined in step 102 that the count value of timer 2 has reached punch-in time -T, then p,, j4. j IIIQ 10
Proceed to B.

In steps 106 and 107, the MIDI message is
Read from IID-B1 and add the punch-in time as a step time to the read MIDI message,
The MIDI message string B is recorded in the storage means 4.

In step 108, it is determined whether the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-in time. Timer 2 in step 108
Steps 102 to 108 are repeated until it is determined that the count value has reached the punch-in time.

If it is determined in step 108 that the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-in time, the process proceeds to step 109. Step 109
In steps 110 to 110, the MIDI message string B is recorded by reading the MIDI message 19- from the receiver 1, adding the count value of the timer 2 to the read MIDI message as a step time, and writing it into the storage means 4.

When it is determined in step 111 that the recording of MIDI message string B has ended, in step 112, among the MIDI message string A recorded on the storage means 4, those after the punch-in time (those whose step time is greater than the punch-in time) are and replaces the added step time with the MIDI message string B recorded in another area and the step time added thereto.

As described above, according to this embodiment, in step 102, the timer 2
By determining whether the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-in time - T+ and determining whether the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-in time in step 108,
T just before punch-in time.

Since the arrival time of the note information between 20 and 20 is shifted to the punch-in time by steps 10θ and 107, the note information that the performer intended to record at the punch-in time may be recorded at the punch-in time due to the input timing shift on the performer's side. Even if the call was entered just before, the time of arrival can be corrected to the punch-in time and recorded. Also, time T
By changing 1, the absorption width of timing deviation can be freely adjusted.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a MIDI signal recording and reproducing method in a second embodiment of the present invention.

The hardware configuration of this embodiment is also similar to the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 3, and the only difference is the software configuration in the control means 3. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the MIDI ID controller according to the present invention.

First, in step 201, timer 2 is set to the point at which recording of MIDI message string B starts, as in the first embodiment.

In step 202, MIDI message string B is
In steps 203 to 207, if the received MIDI message is a note-on message with a velocity other than "0", a note-on message indicating that each note is on (sounding state) is read from D-bar 1.・Setting the flag・
If the message is a note meeting off message or a note on fist message with a velocity of "0" as a substitute thereof, the note on flag is reset.

In step 208, the count value of the timer 2 is added as a step time to the received MIDI message and written into the storage means 4.

The steps 202 to 209 are repeated until it is determined in step 209 that the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-in time. If it is determined in step 209 that the count value of timer 2 has reached the punch-out time, the process proceeds to step 210. Note-on corresponding to the note that is currently sounding
Flag is set.

In steps 210 to 212, MIDI message string A1
and the step time string associated therewith in the storage means 4.
If the read step time and the count value of timer 2 match, the MIDI message is
The MIDI message string A is reproduced to be sent to the IDI transmitter 5.

If it is determined in step 213 that the playback has ended, the process advances to step 214.

In steps 214 to 216, each note number (0 to 1
27), the corresponding note-on flag is set, and the predetermined time 1 is reached from the punch-out point.
If there is no note-off message or a note-on message with a velocity of "0" as a substitute for it in MIDI message string A within 2, the end of MIDI message string B is accompanied by the note's velocity of "0". Adds the punch-out time as a step time to the note-on message.

In step 217, among the MIDI message strings A on the storage means 4, those before the punch-out time (those whose step times are smaller than the punch-in time) and the added step times are stored in the MIDI message string B recorded in another area. and the step time added to it.

As described above, according to this embodiment, in steps 203 to 207, if the received MIDI message is a note-on message with a velocity other than "0", the note-on flag of that note is set, and the note-on flag of that note is set. If it is an off message or a note on message with a velocity of "0", the note on flag is reset, making it possible to identify the note that is sounding at the punchout time, and in steps 214 to 216. Among the notes that are sounding at the punch-out time, the note/note message is placed in MIDI message string A within T2 after the punch-out time.
Since there is no off message or note-on message with a velocity of "0", the velocity is "0".
” note-on message (note-on message)
By adding a message (may be a message) to the punch-out time, it is possible to punch-out edit sounds that span before and after the punch-out time without interrupting the sound at the punch-out time.

4- Also, by changing T2, it is possible to freely adjust how long the sound spanning before and after the punch-out time is selected.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention has the following advantages: (a) A timer for managing time is started, and reading and reproduction of the MIDI message string A from the storage means is started.

(b) When the timer count reaches a predetermined time T1 before the punch-in time, the newly input MIDI message string B is transferred to an area different from the recording area of the MIDI message string A on the storage means. Start writing. However, the reception time (step time) of the message recorded at the same time is the punch-in time. However, the reception time (step time) of each message added to each message of MIDI message string B is all recorded as the punch-in time.

(c) When the count value of the timer reaches the punch-in time, stop reading the MIDI message string A, and
Only writing of IDI message string B continues. The step time is a timer count value.

(d) When writing of MIDI message string B is completed, MIDI messages after the punch-in time of MIDI message string A are replaced with MIDI message string B on the storage means.

By taking this procedure, MIDI messages received immediately before the punch-in time are recorded with the reception time shifted to the punch-in time, so that MIDI messages received just before the punch-in time are recorded with the reception time shifted to the punch-in time.
With a configuration similar to that of the D-D, it is possible to absorb subtle timing deviations in a person's performance before and after the punch-in time without lowering the resolution in the time axis direction of performance information recording in punch-in editing.

Furthermore, the present invention provides: (a) from before the punch-out time, the input MIDI
Due to the storage means for message string B, MIDI message string A
Start writing to an area different from the recording area. The step time shall be the count value of the timer.

(b) When the timer count value reaches the punch-out time, stop writing MIDI message string B, and
Start reading and playing back DI message string A.

(c) When the reading of the MIDI message string A is completed, among the notes that are sounding at the punch-out time, M for a predetermined time T2 from the punch-out time
A note-off or note-on message with a velocity of "0" is added to the IDI message string A for those that do not have a note-off or note-on message with a velocity of "0". The step time is the punch-out time.

(=) Messages before the punch-out time of MIDI message string A are replaced with MIDI message string B.

By taking this procedure, instead of note-offing all notes at the punch-out time, you can selectively select only those notes that are currently sounding at the punch-out time and have no note-off message after the punch-out time. Traditional MIDI by note-off
With the same structure as -da, notes that are played before and after can be edited without interrupting the sound at the punch-out time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the MIDI signal recording and reproducing method in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
A flowchart showing the procedure of the MIDI signal recording and reproducing method in the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
A block diagram showing the configuration of the MIDI
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the punch-in procedure using the conventional MIDI signal recording and reproducing method. FIG. 6 shows the problems encountered when punching in using the conventional MIDI signal recording and reproducing method. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing problems with punch-out using the conventional MIDI signal recording and reproducing method, and FIG. 8 shows a method for recording a MIDI ID note-on or note-e-off message. It is a schematic diagram. 1...MIDIID-ba, 2...Timer,
3... Control means, 4... Storage means, 5...
・MIDI) transmitter.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Specify an arbitrary point on the time axis (punch-in time) of the musical instruments digital interface (MIDI) message string A that has been recorded once, and create a new MID that inputs the subsequent message string.
A MIDI signal recording and reproducing method, which is a method for replacing an I message string B, and is characterized by comprising the following steps. (a) Start a timer that manages time and start reading and playing back the MIDI message string A from the storage means stored therein. (b) When the count value of the timer becomes a predetermined time T_1 before the punch-in time, the newly input MIDI message is transferred to an area different from the recording area of the MIDI message string A on the storage means. Start writing column B. However, the reception time (step time) of each message added to each message of MIDI message string B is all recorded as the punch-in time. (c) When the count value of the timer reaches the punch-in time, reading of the MIDI message string A is stopped, and only writing of the MIDI message string B is continued. The step time is a timer count value. (d) When the writing of the MIDI message string B is completed, the MIDI messages after the punch-in time of the MIDI message string A are stored in the M
Replace with IDI message string B. (2) Specify an arbitrary point (punchout time) on the time axis of the MIDI message string A that has been recorded once, and replace the previous MIDI message with the new input MIDI
1. A MIDI signal recording and reproducing method, which is a method of rewriting according to a message string B, and is characterized by comprising the following steps. (b) The M inputted before the punch-out time
Writing of the IDI message string B to an area on the storage means that is different from the recording area of the MIDI message string A is started. The step time is the count value of the timer. (b) When the count value of the timer reaches the punch-out time, writing of the MIDI message string B is stopped, and reading and reproduction of the MIDI message string A is started. (c) When the reading of the MIDI message string A is completed, among the notes that are being sounded at the punch-out time, there is a note-off message in the MIDI message string A during a predetermined time T_2 from the punch-out time. Alternatively, a note-off or note-on message with a velocity of "0" is added for those that do not have a note-on message with a velocity of "0". The step time is the punch-out time. (d) Replace the messages in the MIDI message string A before the punch-out time with the MIDI message string B.