JPH0373246B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a vegetation board used for greening works such as cut slopes artificially created by civil engineering works. be.

(Conventional technology) In the field of agriculture, plant cultivation techniques that utilize soil microorganisms that contribute to plant growth have been known, and in particular, techniques that utilize the symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobia. Practical methods include sowing plant seeds that have adsorbed rhizobia or directly spraying a rhizobium culture solution onto cultivated land.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above method has various problems as shown below.

That is, it is difficult to spread soil microorganisms evenly and at a uniform density on the ground.

In addition, in order to prevent soil microorganisms from dying, handling them requires highly skilled and specialized techniques, making them difficult for consumers to use as general products. Furthermore, when storing soil microorganisms for a long period of time, it is necessary to maintain a sealed state. , storage is troublesome.

In addition, soil microorganisms are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, so they are usually mixed with soil and mixed with soil to control moisture, temperature, etc.
Since various conditions such as light and air must be maintained properly, they are particularly susceptible to changes in weather conditions, such as cut slopes created by civil engineering works, etc. If it is applied to soil with poor environmental conditions, soil microorganisms will die and the desired effect will not be obtained.

Furthermore, when dispersing soil microorganisms and applying fertilizer at the same time, the soil microorganisms come into contact with the highly concentrated fertilizer and die.

Furthermore, when several types of soil microorganisms are spread on the same ground, they are in a mobile state, so if these soil microorganisms are in a competitive relationship, the microorganisms may take on properties different from the intended microorganisms. , the desired effect cannot be obtained.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above points and provide a method for producing a vegetation board that can effectively and easily apply soil microorganisms to the vegetation substrate.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and includes fixing soil microorganisms on the surface of a fibrous sheet that has film-forming properties and water solubility in a solidified state. A mixture of soil microorganisms, an adsorption medium for the soil microorganisms, and the fixative is spread with a roller.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on drawings which are one example.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the manufacturing process of the vegetation board according to the present invention, where 1 is a sheet roll that sends out the sheet S, and 9 is a sheet roll that winds up the vegetation board A that has been sent out from the sheet roll 1 and has become a product. be.

Drive rollers 3 and 8 are arranged between the sheet rolls 1 and 9 to rotate in the direction of the arrow.
In particular, the drive roller 8 is made of a soft material.

Below the drive roller 3, there is a sheet S.
A gravure roller 4 is arranged to press against the sheet S, and the gravure roller 4 is rotated as a result of the drive roller 3 through the sheet S. Also,
The gravure roller 4 has shallow recesses 5 formed at predetermined intervals on its outer surface, and is adapted to come into contact with a microbial mixture 12 in a water tank 11 provided below.

Further, a scraping plate 10 is in pressure contact with the outer surface of the gravure roller 4 at the front side of the contact portion with the drive roller 3, and the scraping plate 10 is in pressure contact with the outer surface of the gravure roller 4, and the scraping plate 10 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the gravure roller 4 other than the recess 5. Scrape off the remaining microorganism mixture 12 and remove the excess microorganism mixture 12.
is made so that it does not adhere to the sheet S.

A punch roller 7 is arranged below the other drive roller 8 and presses against it, and protrusions 7 are provided at appropriate intervals on the surface of the punch roller 7. Sheet S
A hole is made in the hole.

Note that 2 is a guide roller, and the guide roller 2
is arranged above the drive roller 3, and the drive roller 3
Sheet S conveyed between and gravure roller 4
It is designed to guide you.

Sheet S drawn out from the sheet roll 1
As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the pulp 23
and peat moss that has been beaten and fibrillated.
It is a water-decomposable sheet made by mixing a vegetable organic soil improvement material 24 such as bark, pouring the mixed liquid into paper, and drying. This sheet S and its manufacturing method have been published by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1986-
It is disclosed in Publication No. 25423.

Further, the microorganism mixture 12 contains soil microorganisms 21 , a fixative 22 , and an adsorption medium 25 for the soil microorganisms 21 .

The soil microorganisms 21 directly or indirectly contribute to the growth of plants, and the following types of nutrients are used depending on the nutrient source supplied to the plants.

Nitrogen-supplying microorganisms [nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter, Clostridium), nitrate bacteria (nitrite-producing bacteria: Nitrozomonas, nitrate-producing bacteria: Nitrobacter), zygomycetes, endogonous filamentous bacteria,
cyanobacteria (Nectarales, Stigonematales)], symbiotic microorganisms [rhizobia, endophytes, ectomycophytes], degradative microorganisms [cellulase bacteria (Trichoderma, Bacillus, Cellulomonas)], humic acid-supplying microorganisms [deuteromycetes ( microorganisms that contribute to seed germination and radicle growth [Trichoderma fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Pseudomonas), Deuteromycetes (Moliniales)], vitamin-supplying microorganisms [such as Pseudomonas, etc.] Deuteromycota, mycobacteria], plant hormone-supplying microorganisms [fungal plants, actinomycetes, soil amoebae].

Further, the fixative 22 is a water-soluble substance that does not interfere with the life activities of soil microorganisms, has film-forming properties on the surface layer of the sheet S, and is easily dissolved by contact with moisture even if solidified. Specifically, glue, gelatin, casein,
Starch, modified starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, algin, paraffin emulsions, synthetic rubber emulsions, and synthetic products such as silicone resins, fluorine resins, urea resins, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol,
Vinyl acetate maleic acid copolymer, polyacrylamide, amine polymer, and colloidal silicic acid are used.

Further, as the adsorption medium 25, as shown in FIG. 4a, a material having minute irregularities on the surface capable of adsorbing the soil microorganisms 21 is used, such as carbon (carbonized fiber), silicate, carbonate, etc. clay,
Mica etc. are used.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the vegetation board A using the manufacturing apparatus will be described.

First, the sheet 1 rolled out from the sheet roll 1 is conveyed via the guide roller 2 to the contact portion between the drive roller 3 and the gravure roller 4.

Here, the microbial mixture 12 is scooped up into the recesses 5 on the surface of the gravure roller 4, and the scraping plate 10 removes any excess adhering to areas other than the recesses 5, and the sheet S It is spread in spots.

The sheet S on which the microbial mixture 12 has been spread is then sent between the drive roller 8 and the punch roller 7, and the projections 7 of the punch roller 6 form holes 20 at predetermined intervals (Figs. 5a to 5c). ) is opened to produce a vegetation board A, and then this vegetation board A
is wound around the sheet roller 9.

Note that, since the recess 5 is substantially shallow, the amount of the microbial mixture that is drawn into the recess 5 and spread on the sheet S is small. Therefore, the tensile strength of the sheet S does not decrease and the sheet S does not become easily torn. Furthermore, although the sheet is sufficiently dried before it is wound around the sheet roller 9, if the amount of the microbial mixture 12 spread is increased, a drying means such as a blower or a motor may be installed as appropriate to dry it. It's okay.

As shown in FIG. 4a, which is a partially enlarged view of the vegetation board A manufactured in this manner, the microbial mixture 12 is solidified and adhered to the surface of the sheet S, and the soil microorganisms 21 are immobilized. It is immovably fixed by the agent 22, and most of it is attached to the adsorption medium 25.
It is protected by adsorption to the uneven surface.

Therefore, even if a plurality of types of soil microorganisms 22 are used and these soil microorganisms are in a competitive relationship, they will not mix, so the desired properties can be maintained.

Next, how to use the vegetation board A will be explained.

As shown in Fig. 5a, the vegetation board A is laid on the vegetation board and fixed by appropriate means, and then
Plant seeds 16 and fertilizer 19 are uniformly spread thereon by a spraying method or the like. At this time, since the soil microorganisms 21 are protected by the fixative 22, they do not come into direct contact with the fertilizer 19 and cause concentration disturbance.

Thereafter, the vegetation board A gradually decomposes while containing water vapor, rainwater, etc. in the air, and functions as a soil improvement material. In addition, the fixing agent 22 is decomposed by rainwater etc.
Soil microorganisms 21 are supplied to the soil. On the other hand, when the plant seeds 16 germinate and take root, their roots 17 penetrate the decomposed vegetation board A and enter the soil.
Nutrient sources are supplied to the plants 18 by the microorganisms 21 attached to the plants 7 . Note that even if the vegetation board A is made of a fiber layer with a large basis weight in order to increase water retention and adsorption amount of microorganisms 21, the presence of the holes 20 makes it possible for the plants 18 to germinate and root. .

For example, if the microorganism 21 is a rhizobium, the microorganism 21 (rhizobacterium) receives a supply of nitrogen-free compounds, salts, and water from the plant 18, and on the other hand,
The microorganisms 21 fix nitrogen in the air and supply nitrogen compounds to the plants 18, thereby performing symbiotic activities.

In addition, since the microorganisms 21 are retained in the recesses on the surface of the adsorption medium 25, the survival period of the microorganisms 21 is long and good breeding conditions are maintained. As a result, plant 18 can be stably obtained from plants such as 24.
can contribute to the growth of plants for a long period of time.

At the same time, other microorganisms living in the soil can also invade the uneven surface of the soil conditioner 24 and reproduce under favorable conditions, creating conditions suitable for the growth of the plants 18. .

In the embodiment described above, the gravure roller 4 is provided below the drive roller 3 in pressure contact with the gravure roller 3, and the microbial mixture 12 is scooped up by the recesses 5 on the surface of the gravure roller 4 and spread on the sheet S. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG.
The microorganism mixture liquid 12 in the water tank 11 is further opposed to the letterpress roller 14 at a very small distance below it.
In addition to providing a supply roller 13 in contact with the scraping plate 10, the scraping plate 10 may be opposed to the supply roller 13 with a small interval therebetween.

In this case, the microbial mixture 12 adhering to the surface of the supply roller 13 is adjusted to a desired thickness by the scraping plate 10, and when it reaches the part facing the upper convex plate roller 14, it is transferred to the letterpress plate. It contacts the convex portion 15 formed on the surface of the roller 14 and adheres to the surface. The microbial mixture 12 held on the letterpress roller 14 is conveyed to the contact area with the drive roller 3,
It is spread on the sheet S which is being pinched and conveyed by both rollers.

In the above embodiment, the microbial mixture 12 was placed on the sheet S.
is spread in spots at a predetermined pitch, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. Alternatively, the supply roller 13 may be divided in the axial direction and arranged at a predetermined pitch, and the microbial mixture 12 may be spread on the sheet S in a line. You can also do this.

In this way, the gravure roller 4, letterpress roller 14, ordinary roller 13 with a smooth surface, etc. can be used as the roller for spreading the microbial mixture 12 on the sheet S.
The gravure roller 4 is particularly suitable when using a low-viscosity microbial mixture liquid 12, which is determined by the viscosity and amount of application.

In the above embodiment, the sheet S is made of pulp 23 and organic soil improvement material 24, but it is not limited to this, and conventionally known water decomposable sheets such as paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, etc. can be used. You can also do this.

Further, in the above embodiment, the plant seeds 16 are sown on the vegetation board A laid on the vegetation bed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 5b,
The vegetation plate A may be laid on top of the seeds 16 sown in the soil, or if anaerobic microorganisms are used as the soil microorganisms 21, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to cover the area with thick soil.

Furthermore, although the adsorption medium 25 was used in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4b, these do not need to be mixed.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, according to the method for manufacturing a vegetation board according to the present invention, the vegetation board on which soil microorganisms have been spread in advance can be laid on the soil, so that the soil can be grown at a uniform density. can be supplied with microorganisms.

In addition, since soil microorganisms are retained in a fixative and are not directly exposed to the external environment, they do not die and can maintain their effectiveness over a long period of time. Since there is no direct contact with the plant, there is no risk of concentration problems and death.

Furthermore, since the user does not need to directly handle soil microorganisms, no specialized skills are required, and the product has great utility as a general product.

By adjusting the microbial concentration of the liquid containing soil microorganisms, a desired amount of microorganisms can be spread on the surface of the vegetation board.

In addition, soil microorganisms are immovably held by a fixative, so even if several types of soil microorganisms are mixed in depending on the purpose, there will be no competitive relationship between them and the properties will change. do not have.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the manufacturing process for carrying out the method for manufacturing a vegetation board according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing other embodiments, and FIGS. 4a and 4b are A cross-sectional view of the vegetation board showing the state in which the microbial mixture has been spread, and Figures 5a to 5c are diagrams showing the construction status of the vegetation board. A... Vegetation board, 1, 9... Sheet roller, 3,
8... Drive roller, 4... Gravure roller, 7...
...Punch roller, 12...Microbial mixture, 13...
... Supply roller, 14 ... Letterpress roller, 21 ... Microorganism, 22 ... Fixing agent, 23 ... Pulp, 24 ...
...Soil improvement material, 25...Adsorption medium, S...Sheet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation board characterized in that a mixture of soil microorganisms and a solidified film-forming and water-soluble fixative is spread on the surface of a fibrous sheet using a roller. Production method. 2. The vegetation board according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous sheet is an organic vegetation sheet made from pulp and a beaten and fibrillated vegetable organic soil improvement material. Production method. 3. The method for producing a vegetation board according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the soil microorganism is a rhizobia. 4. A vegetation plate characterized in that a mixed solution of soil microorganisms, an adsorption medium for the soil microorganisms, and a fixative having film-forming properties and water solubility in a solidified state is spread on the surface of a fibrous sheet using a roller. Production method. 5. The vegetation board according to claim 4, wherein the fibrous sheet is an organic vegetation sheet made of pulp and a beaten and fibrillated vegetable organic soil improvement material. Production method. 6. The method for producing a vegetation board according to any one of claims 4 and 5, wherein the soil microorganism is a rhizobia.