JPH047234Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

(Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a vegetation board used for greening work on cut slopes, etc., artificially created by civil engineering work. (Conventional technology) In the field of agriculture, plant cultivation techniques that utilize soil microorganisms that contribute to plant growth have been known, and in particular, techniques that utilize the symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobia. Practical methods include sowing plant seeds that have adsorbed rhizobia or directly spraying a rhizobium culture solution onto cultivated land. (Problems to be solved by the invention) However, the method has various problems as shown below. That is, it is difficult to spread soil microorganisms evenly and at a uniform density on the ground. In addition, in order to prevent soil microorganisms from dying, handling them requires highly skilled and specialized techniques, making them difficult for consumers to use as general products. Furthermore, when storing soil microorganisms for a long period of time, it is necessary to maintain a sealed state. , storage is troublesome. Furthermore, soil microorganisms are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, so they are usually mixed and stirred with the soil to control moisture, temperature, etc.
Since various conditions such as light and air must be maintained properly, they are particularly susceptible to changes in weather conditions, such as cut slopes created by civil engineering works, etc. If it is applied to soil with poor environmental conditions, soil microorganisms will die and the desired effect will not be obtained. Furthermore, when dispersing soil microorganisms and applying fertilizer at the same time, the soil microorganisms come into contact with the highly concentrated fertilizer and die. Furthermore, when several types of soil microorganisms are spread on the same ground, they are in a mobile state, so if these soil microorganisms are in a competitive relationship, the microorganisms may take on properties different from the intended microorganisms. , the desired effect cannot be obtained. The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned points and provide a vegetation board that can be applied to the vegetation substrate effectively and easily to infiltrate soil microorganisms. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was made to achieve the above object, and is a product in which a fixative in which soil microorganisms that provide nutrients to plants are uniformly dispersed is transferred onto a fibrous sheet. It is. (Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on drawings which are one example.

【composition】

Figure 1a shows a vegetation board A according to the present invention;
is a water-degradable sheet, and this water-degradable sheet 1 is
Pulp 2, beaten and fibrillated peat moss, and Burke's vegetable organic soil improvement material 3 are mixed, and the mixed solution is poured into a pulp and dried. This water-decomposable sheet 1 and its manufacturing method were disclosed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
It is disclosed in Publication No. 61-25423. 4 is a mixture transferred to the water-degradable sheet 1, and this mixture 4 contains the fixative 5, soil microorganisms 6, and adsorption medium 7 mixed therein.

[Fixative 5] The fixative 5 is a water-soluble substance that does not interfere with the life activities of soil microorganisms.
The materials used are those that penetrate into the fiber layer and solidify to have adhesive properties, or have film-forming properties on the surface layer, and that even if solidified, they easily dissolve on contact with moisture. Specifically, glue, gelatin, casein, starch, modified starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, algin, paraffin emulsions, synthetic rubber emulsions, and synthetic products include silicone resins, fluorine resins, urea resins, and styrene. Maleic acid copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate maleic acid copolymers, polyacrylamide, amine polymers, and colloidal silicic acid are used.

[Soil Microorganisms 6] The soil microorganisms 6 supply nutrients to plants, and the following are used depending on the nutrient sources they supply. Nitrogen-supplying microorganisms [nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter, Clostridium), nitrate bacteria (nitrite-producing bacteria: Nitrozomonas, nitrate-producing bacteria: Nitrobacter), zygomycetes, endogonous filamentous bacteria,
cyanobacteria (Nostocales, Stigonematales)], symbiotic microorganisms [rhizobia, endophytes, ectophytes], degradative microorganisms (cellulase bacteria (Turcoderma, Bacillus, Cellulomonas)), humic acid-supplying microorganisms [deuteromycetes] microorganisms that contribute to seed germination and radicle growth [Trichoderma fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Pseudomonas), Deuteromycetes Moliniales], vitamin-supplying microorganisms [such as Pseudomonas, etc.] Deuteromycota, mycobacteria], plant hormone-supplying microorganisms [fungal plants, actinomycetes, soil amoebae].

[Adsorption medium 7] The adsorption medium 7 has the soil microorganisms 6 on its surface.
A material with minute irregularities that can absorb
For example, carbon (carbonized fiber), silicates, carbonates, clays, mica, etc. are used.

【Production method】

Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the vegetation board A will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for manufacturing the vegetation board A, where 11 is a sheet roll for feeding out the water-decomposable sheet 1, and 19 is a sheet roll for winding up the vegetation board A that has been sent out from the sheet roll 11 and has become a product. Drive rollers 13 and 18 are arranged between the sheet rolls 11 and 19 to rotate in the direction of the arrow. In particular, drive roller 18 is made of a soft material. Below the drive roller 13 is a gravure roller 14 which is pressed against it through the water decomposable sheet 1.
are arranged, and the gravure roller 14 is rotated as a result of the drive roller 13 via the water-decomposable sheet 1. In addition, the gravure roller 14
has shallow recesses 15 formed at predetermined intervals on the outer surface, and a water tank 21 provided below.
microbial mixture 22. The microorganism mixture 22 is obtained by mixing the fixative 5 with soil microorganisms 6 and an adsorption medium 7. A scraping plate 20 is in pressure contact with the outer surface of the gravure roller 14 on the front side of the contact portion with the drive roller 13.
The microbial mixture 22 adhering to parts other than the recesses 15 is scraped off to prevent excess microbial mixture 22 from adhering to the water-degradable sheet 1. A punch roller 16 is disposed below the other drive roller 18 and presses against it, and protrusions 17 are provided at appropriate intervals on the surface of the punch roller 16 to allow conveyance between the drive roller 18 and the punch roller 16. A hole is made in the sheet 1 to be used. Note that 12 is a guide roller, and the guide roller 12 is arranged above the drive roller 13 to guide the sheet 1 conveyed between the drive roller 13 and the gravure roller 14. Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the vegetation board A using the manufacturing apparatus will be described. First, the sheet 1 rolled out from the sheet roll 11 is passed through the guide roller 12 to the driving roller 1.
3 and the gravure roller 14. Here, the microbial mixture 22 is scooped up into the recesses 15 on the surface of the gravure roller 14, and the scraping plate 20 removes any excess that adheres to areas other than the recesses 15, and the sheet 1 It is transferred in spots. The sheet 1 to which the microbial mixture 22 has been transferred is then sent between the drive roller 18 and the punch roller 16, and the holes 8 (see FIGS. 5a to 5c) are formed at predetermined intervals by the protrusions 17 of the punch roller 16. ) is opened to produce the vegetation board A, and then this vegetation board A is wound around the sheet roller 19. Note that since the recess 15 is substantially shallow, the amount of the microbial mixture that is drawn into the recess 15 and transferred to the sheet 1 is small. For this reason,
Although the tensile strength of the sheet S does not decrease and it becomes easy to tear, and it dries sufficiently before being wound up by the sheet roller 19, when the amount of transferred microorganism mixture liquid 22 is increased, As appropriate,
A drying means such as a blower or a fan may be provided for drying. As shown in FIG. 1a, which is a partially enlarged view of the vegetation board A manufactured in this way, the surface of the sheet 1 has a solidified mixture 4 of the microorganism mixture 22 attached thereto, and soil microorganisms 6 is held in an immovable state by the fixing agent 5, and most of it is protected by being adsorbed to the uneven surface of the adsorption medium 7. Therefore, even if multiple types of soil microorganisms 6 are used and these soil microorganisms 6 are in a competitive relationship, they will not mix.
The desired properties can be maintained.

【how to use】

Next, how to use the vegetation board A will be explained. As shown in Fig. 5a, the vegetation board A is laid on the vegetation board and fixed by appropriate means, and then
Plant seeds 31 and fertilizer 32 are uniformly spread thereon by a spraying method or the like. At this time, since the soil microorganisms 6 are protected by the fixative 5, they do not come into direct contact with the fertilizer 32 and cause concentration disturbance. Thereafter, the vegetation board A gradually decomposes while containing water vapor, rainwater, etc. in the air, and functions as a soil improvement material. On the other hand, when the plant seeds 31 germinate and take root, their roots 33 penetrate the decomposed vegetation board A and enter the soil, and the soil microorganisms 6 attached to the roots 33 supply nutrients to the plants 34. be done. In addition, even if the vegetation board A is made of a fiber layer with a large basis weight in order to increase water retention and the adsorption amount of soil microorganisms 6, the holes 8
Due to the presence of , germination and rooting of the plants 34 are possible. For example, if the soil microorganism 6 is a rhizobium, the soil microorganism 6 (rhizobacterium) receives a supply of nitrogen-free compounds, salts, and moisture from the plant 34, and on the other hand, the soil microorganism 6 fixes nitrogen in the air. and supplies nitrogen compounds to the plants 34, and a symbiotic activity is carried out. In addition, since the soil microorganisms 6 are retained in the surface depressions of the adsorption medium 7, the survival period of the soil microorganisms 6 is long and good breeding conditions are maintained. Improved material 3
As a result, plants 3
It can contribute to the growth of No. 4 for a long period of time. At the same time, other microorganisms living in the soil can also invade the uneven surface of the soil conditioner 3 and reproduce under favorable conditions, creating conditions suitable for the growth of the plants 34. . In the embodiment described above, the gravure roller 14 is provided below the drive roller 13 and in pressure contact with the drive roller 13, and the microbial mixture 2 is poured into the recess 15 on the surface of the gravure roller 14.
2 is taken up and transferred onto the sheet 1. However, as shown in FIG. A supply roller 23 is provided that faces the letterpress roller 24 with a minute interval and comes into contact with the microorganism mixture 22 in the water tank 21, and a scraping plate 20 is placed opposite the supply roller 23 with a minute interval. Good too. In this case, the microbial mixture 22 adhering to the surface of the supply roller 23 is adjusted to a desired thickness by the scraping plate 20, and when it reaches the part facing the upper letterpress roller 24, it is brought to the surface of the letterpress roller 24. It comes into contact with the convex portion 25 formed on the surface of and adheres to the surface. The microbial mixture 22 held on the letterpress roller 24 is conveyed to the contact area with the drive roller 13,
The image is transferred onto the sheet 1 which is being held and conveyed by both rollers. In addition, the transferred microorganism mixture 22 is
As shown in the figure, it has permeated the sheet 1 (note that the adsorption medium 7 is not shown in Figure 1b). In the above embodiment, the microbial mixture 22 is placed on the sheet 1.
However, as shown in FIG. The liquid mixture 22 may be transferred, or the supply roller 23 may be divided in the axial direction and arranged at a predetermined pitch to transfer the microbial liquid mixture 22 onto the sheet 1 in a line. good. In this way, the gravure roller 14, the letterpress roller 24, the roller 23 with a smooth surface, etc. can be used as the roller for transferring the microbial mixture 22 onto the sheet 1, but these types
The gravure roller 14 is particularly suitable when using a microbial mixture liquid 22 with a low viscosity. In the above embodiment, the sheet 1 is a pulp 2 in which the organic soil improvement material 3 is added, but the sheet 1 is not limited to this, and may be a conventionally known water-decomposable sheet such as paper,
Cloth, non-woven fabric, etc. may also be used. Further, in the above embodiment, the plant seeds 31 are sown on the vegetation board A laid on the vegetation bed, but the invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 5b, the seeds 31 sown on the soil are Alternatively, if anaerobic microorganisms are used as the soil microorganisms 6, the vegetation plate A may be covered with a certain thickness of soil as shown in Figure 5c. It may also be possible to encourage the spread of microorganisms into the soil. Further, in the embodiment described above, the adsorption medium 7 is used, but as shown in FIGS. 1b and 1c, these do not need to be mixed. (Effect of the invention) As is clear from the above explanation, according to the vegetation board according to the invention, it is possible to lay a vegetation board on which soil microorganisms have been transferred in advance on the soil, thereby supplying microorganisms to the soil at a uniform density. can do. In addition, soil microorganisms are retained in a fixative and are not directly exposed to the external environment, so they do not die and can be preserved for a long period of time. Therefore, there is no risk of concentration disturbance and death. Furthermore, since the user does not need to directly handle soil microorganisms, no specialized skills are required, and the product has great utility as a general product. By adjusting the microbial concentration of the liquid containing soil microorganisms, a desired amount of microorganisms can be present on the vegetation board. In addition, soil microorganisms are immovably held by a fixative, so even if several types of soil microorganisms are mixed in depending on the purpose, there will be no competitive relationship between them and the properties will change. do not have.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1a to 1c are partial sectional views of the vegetation board according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram showing a method of manufacturing the vegetation board, Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams showing other manufacturing methods, Figures 5a to 5c are diagrams showing the construction status of the vegetation board. A... Vegetation board, 1... Water degradable sheet, 2...
Pulp, 3... Soil improvement material, 4... Mixture, 5...
...fixing agent, 6...soil microorganisms, 7...adsorption medium,
11, 19... Sheet roller, 13, 18... Drive roller, 14... Gravure roller, 16... Punch roller, 22... Microbial mixture, 23... Supply roller, 24... Letterpress roller.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A vegetation board characterized in that a fixative in which soil microorganisms that provide nutrients to plants are uniformly dispersed is transferred onto a fibrous sheet. (2) The above-mentioned utility model registration characterized in that the above-mentioned fibrous sheet is an organic vegetation sheet such as peat moss or bark made from pulp and a beaten and fibrillated vegetable organic soil improvement material. The vegetation board according to claim 1. (3) The vegetation board according to any one of claims 1 and 2 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the soil microorganisms are adsorbed to an adsorption medium. (4) The vegetation board according to any one of claims 1 to 3 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the soil microorganism is a rhizobia.