JPH0371018B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0371018B2
JPH0371018B2 JP59064562A JP6456284A JPH0371018B2 JP H0371018 B2 JPH0371018 B2 JP H0371018B2 JP 59064562 A JP59064562 A JP 59064562A JP 6456284 A JP6456284 A JP 6456284A JP H0371018 B2 JPH0371018 B2 JP H0371018B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
interlayer film
irregularities
coarse
laminated glass
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59064562A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60208241A (en
Inventor
Isao Karasutani
Hirobumi Omura
Gen Endo
Hiroyuki Tateishi
Yoshihiro Kawada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority to JP6456284A priority Critical patent/JPS60208241A/en
Publication of JPS60208241A publication Critical patent/JPS60208241A/en
Publication of JPH0371018B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0371018B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (1) 産業上の利用分野 本発明は自動車・航空機等の各種輸送機関や建
造物の窓等に広く用いられる合せガラスの為の中
間膜に関する。 (2) 従来技術 合せガラスを製造するには、一般に、2枚の板
ガラスによつて可塑化ポリビニルブチラール等の
中間膜を挾持して組立体となし、これをラバーバ
ツク等を用いて減圧脱気して予備圧着を行つた後
にオートクレーブ中で本圧着する方法が行われて
いる。従来、中間膜には、予備圧着工程における
脱気性を向上させたり中間膜同志のブロツキング
を防止したりする為に、例えば特開昭57−150532
号公報に開示されている様に、その片面もしくは
両面に種々の形状の凹凸が設けられていたが、脱
気性及び耐ブロツキング性の双方に満足のいく中
間膜は得られていないのが現状である。 (3) 発明の目的 本発明は、ブロツキング性やガラス等への過度
の接着性が改善され、かつ圧着工程における脱気
性にすぐれた合せガラス用中間膜を提供すること
を目的とする。 (4) 発明の構成 本発明の要旨は、少なくとも片面に設けられた
多数の粗大な凹凸の表面に更に微細な凹凸が形成
されてなり、上記粗大な凹凸が約200μ〜800μの
範囲内で一定ピツチを有することを特徴とする合
せガラス用中間膜に存する。 本発明中間膜に形成される材料の例としては、
ポリビニルブチラール、ポリウレタン、エチレン
−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル−
ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン−メチルメ
タクリレート共重合体等が挙げられ、特に可塑化
ポリビニルブチラールが好ましい。 本発明における前記粗大な凹凸の形状は、特に
限定されるものではなく、三角錐台、四角錐台、
円錐台等の截頭錐体、三角錐、四角錐、円錐等の
錐体、半球体や条溝等が例示され、特に四角錐
台、円錐台等の截頭錐体、半球体頭が好ましい。
これらは連続的に設けられたものが好ましいが、
完全に不連続に設けられてもよい。但し条溝の場
合は、予備圧着時の脱気方向を条溝と直角にする
と空気流路が閉ざされるので脱気方向を条溝と平
行にする等の注意を必要とする。 本発明中間膜の表面粗さ曲線の一例を模擬的に
表わした第1図において、1は粗大な凹部、2は
粗大な凸部、3はこれらの夫々に設けられた微細
な凹凸であり、中間膜を表面には全体として二重
の凹凸が形成されている。 上記粗大な凹凸は一定なピツチ(例えば第1図
におけるWとして表わされる。)を有する。 これは、粗大な凹凸のピツチが不定であると、
ガラス板によつて中間膜を挾持した組立体を予備
圧着工程で脱気する際に、組立体に形成される空
気流通路が各位置によつて異なる為、空気の除去
が不充分となり易く、従つて気泡が完全に除去さ
れた合せガラスの製造が困難になるからである。
そしてこのピツチが大き過ぎると中間膜の耐ブロ
ツキング性を向上させることが困難となる等の理
由により、ピツチは約200〜800μ、好ましくは
300〜600μとされる。実際に製造し得る中間膜の
多数のピツチにはバラツキが避けられないが、同
じ中間膜におけるバラツキが設定ピツチの±20%
以内ならば許容される。 又上記粗大な凹凸の表面粗さは特に限定されな
いが、一般に、ISOR468に準拠して測定された
10点平均粗さで20〜80μ、好ましくは30〜60μと
される。即ち第1図において、基準長さLで区切
つた部分について考えると、最も高い山21から5
番目に高い山25までの5個の山の高さの平均値
と、最も深い谷11から5番目に深い谷15までの5
個の谷の高さの平均値との差を10点平均粗さHと
する。従つて第1図においてHは、基線Aから測
つた山又は谷の高さをHi(iは1〜10の整数)と
すると次式で求められる。 H=(H1+H2+H3+H4+H5)−(H6+H7
+H8+H9+H10)/5 尚、基準長さLは限定されないが、通常は8
m/mとされる。 粗大な凹凸に対して更に形成される微細な凹凸
の表面粗さは一般に1〜15μ、好ましくは3〜
10μとされるが、膜の材質、物性、粗大な凹凸の
程度等により一般に上記範囲内の適宜の値が選択
され、膜同志の接触面積を小さくすることにより
中間膜の耐ブロツキング性等を向上せしめる。粗
大な凹凸の平均高さが比較的小さい場合は微細な
凹凸の表面粗さも比較的小さくするのが好まし
い。 かかる微細な凹凸は、中間膜にすぐれた耐ブロ
ツキング性を付与する結果、予備圧着時において
ガラスと中間膜が不都合に接着して空気を封入す
ることが無く、上記粗大な凹凸と相俟つて中間膜
の脱気性をすぐれたものとするのである。 本発明の二重凹凸形状を有する中間膜を製造す
る方法としては、例えばエンボスロール法、カレ
ンダーロール法、異形押出法等の方法が挙げられ
る。 本発明中間膜には紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、
着色剤、接着性調整剤等の種々の添加剤が含有・
付着されていてもよく、又、中間膜の肉厚として
は0.1〜2.0〓の範囲が各種の用途に対して好適で
ある。 又、金属や金属化合物により表面が被覆されて
断熱性や導電性等の機能性が付与された熱可塑性
樹脂フイルムを本発明中間膜によつて挾持するこ
とにより、機能性付与三層中間膜を得ることも出
来る。 本発明中間膜を用いて合せガラスを製造するに
は、通常、無機ガラス板と無機ガラス板、又は無
機ガラス板とポリカーボネート樹脂やアクリル系
樹脂のような透明硬質の樹脂からなる有機ガラス
板との間に中間膜を挿入し、これをラバーバツク
内に入れ減圧脱気し、或いはニツプロール等を用
いたしごきによつて減圧脱気して予備圧着を行つ
た後、更にオートクレーブに入れて高温高圧下で
本圧着して透明な合せガラスを得るのである。 (5) 発明の効果 本発明中間膜は、少くとも片面に設けられた多
数の粗大な凹凸が約200μ〜800μの一定ピツチ有
しているので、ガラス板によつて中間膜を挾持し
た組立体を脱気する工程で、組立体中の空気を充
分に脱気することが出来、従つて本発明中間膜に
より、肉眼で観察できる気泡の無い合せガラスを
得ることが出来るのである。 又本発明中間膜は前記粗大な凹凸の表面に更に
微細な凹凸が形成されているので、ブロツキング
性、ガラス板への過度の粘着性が小さい為合せガ
ラス化の作業性が向上し保管時の積重ね枚数が増
大する。 更に本発明中間膜は表面に前記二重の凹凸形状
が形成されているので、予備圧着時に凸部が容易
に潰される為予備圧着工程のラインスピードを増
大させることができる。 (6) 実施例 以下において中間膜のブロツキング性及び合せ
ガラスの加熱による発泡性の測定は下記の方法に
拠つた。 ブロツキング性 中間膜を100mm×25mmに裁断して2枚積重ね、
その上に2Kgの荷重を乗せ室温にて24時間放置
した後、引張試験にて200mm/minの速度で
180゜剥離試験を行い、その時に得られた剥離力
の平均値(繰返し数3)によつてその膜のブロ
ツキング性を示した。値が大きいほど膜間の接
着力が大きくしたがつて合せガラス製造時の作
業性が悪いことを意味する。 発泡性 中間膜を2枚の無機ガラス板間に挟んで得ら
れた組立体を加熱オーブン中に通し加熱された
積層物の表面温度を70℃、80℃、90℃の各温度
に調整しニツプロールを用いてしごき法によつ
て脱気し予備圧着を行つた。 ついで積層物を加圧器中において圧力13Kg/
cm2、温度130℃の条件下にて加圧、加熱した後、
温度を50℃に下げ圧力を徐々にもどして合せガ
ラスを製造した。この合せガラス10枚をギヤー
オーブン中に置き、120℃で2時間加熱し、気
泡の発生した合せガラスの枚数で表示した。 実施例 1 ポリビニルブチラール100重量部、トリエチレ
ングリコール−ジ−2−エチルブチレート40重量
部を含有した可塑化ポリビニルブチラール製中間
膜の両表面に、エンボスロールを用いて二重の凹
凸を形成した。粗大な凹凸の形状は連続した三角
錐状であり、10点平均粗さは60μ、ピツチは400μ
であり、微細な凹凸の表面粗さは10μであつた。 この膜の常温におけるブロツキング性及び得ら
れた合せガラスの発泡性は第1表の通りであつ
た。 実施例 2及び3 実施例1と同様にして表面に二重の凹凸が形成
された中間膜を得た。凹凸の形状及び各物性は第
1表の通りであつた。 比較例 1及び2 実施例1と同様にエンボスロールを用いて表面
に凹凸が形成された中間膜を得た。 但し凹凸の形状は第1表に示す通り微細な凹凸
の無いものであつた。この膜のブロツキング性及
び合せガラスの発泡性は第1表の通りであつた。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass that is widely used in various transportation vehicles such as automobiles and aircraft, and windows of buildings. (2) Prior art To manufacture laminated glass, generally, an interlayer film such as plasticized polyvinyl butyral is sandwiched between two sheets of glass to form an assembly, and this is degassed under reduced pressure using a rubber bag or the like. A method is used in which preliminary crimping is performed in an autoclave and then main crimping is carried out in an autoclave. Conventionally, in order to improve the degassing property in the preliminary pressure bonding process and to prevent blocking between the interlayer films, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-150532 was used for the interlayer film.
As disclosed in the above publication, irregularities of various shapes have been provided on one or both sides, but currently no interlayer film has been obtained that is satisfactory in both degassing properties and blocking resistance. be. (3) Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass that has improved blocking properties and excessive adhesion to glass, etc., and has excellent degassing properties during the pressure bonding process. (4) Structure of the Invention The gist of the present invention is that finer unevenness is formed on the surface of a large number of coarse unevenness provided on at least one side, and the coarse unevenness is constant within a range of about 200μ to 800μ. An interlayer film for laminated glass characterized by having a pitch. Examples of materials formed in the interlayer film of the present invention include:
Polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate
Examples include vinyl alcohol copolymers and ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymers, with plasticized polyvinyl butyral being particularly preferred. The shape of the coarse irregularities in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a truncated triangular pyramid, a truncated quadrangular pyramid,
Examples include truncated pyramids such as truncated cones, triangular pyramids, square pyramids, cones such as cones, hemispheres, grooves, etc., and particularly preferred are truncated pyramids such as square truncated pyramids and truncated cones, and hemispherical heads. .
It is preferable that these are provided continuously, but
They may also be provided completely discontinuously. However, in the case of grooves, if the direction of degassing during preliminary crimping is perpendicular to the grooves, the air flow path will be closed, so care must be taken to make the direction of degassing parallel to the grooves. In FIG. 1, which schematically shows an example of the surface roughness curve of the interlayer film of the present invention, 1 is a coarse concave portion, 2 is a coarse convex portion, and 3 is a fine concavo-convex portion provided in each of these. A double unevenness is formed on the surface of the interlayer film as a whole. The coarse irregularities have a constant pitch (for example, represented as W in FIG. 1). This is because the pitch of coarse irregularities is indeterminate.
When an assembly in which the interlayer film is sandwiched between glass plates is degassed in the pre-pressing process, the air flow passages formed in the assembly differ depending on the position, so air removal tends to be insufficient. This is because it becomes difficult to manufacture laminated glass from which air bubbles are completely removed.
If the pitch is too large, it will be difficult to improve the blocking resistance of the interlayer film, so the pitch is preferably about 200 to 800μ.
It is estimated to be 300 to 600μ. Variations in the pitch of many interlayer films that can actually be manufactured are unavoidable, but the variation in the same interlayer film is ±20% of the set pitch.
If it is within that range, it is acceptable. In addition, the surface roughness of the coarse irregularities described above is not particularly limited, but is generally measured in accordance with ISOR468.
The 10-point average roughness is 20 to 80μ, preferably 30 to 60μ. In other words, in Figure 1, if we consider the part divided by the standard length L, the highest peak 21 to 5
The average height of the 5 peaks up to the 25th highest peak, and the 5 peak heights from the deepest valley 11 to the 5th deepest valley 15.
The difference from the average height of each valley is defined as the 10-point average roughness H. Therefore, in FIG. 1, H is determined by the following equation, where Hi is the height of the peak or valley measured from the base line A (i is an integer from 1 to 10). H = (H 1 + H 2 + H 3 + H 4 + H 5 ) - (H 6 + H 7
+H 8 +H 9 +H 10 )/5 The reference length L is not limited, but is usually 8
m/m. The surface roughness of the fine irregularities formed in addition to the coarse irregularities is generally 1 to 15μ, preferably 3 to 15μ.
Although it is assumed to be 10μ, an appropriate value within the above range is generally selected depending on the material, physical properties, degree of roughness, etc. of the film, and by reducing the contact area between the films, the blocking resistance of the interlayer film is improved. urge When the average height of the coarse irregularities is relatively small, it is preferable that the surface roughness of the fine irregularities is also relatively small. These fine irregularities provide excellent blocking resistance to the interlayer film, and as a result, the glass and the interlayer film do not unfavorably adhere to each other during preliminary pressure bonding, preventing air from being trapped. This provides the membrane with excellent degassing properties. Examples of methods for producing the interlayer film having the double uneven shape of the present invention include methods such as an embossing roll method, a calender roll method, and a profile extrusion method. The interlayer film of the present invention includes ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants,
Contains various additives such as colorants and adhesion modifiers.
The thickness of the interlayer film is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mm for various uses. Furthermore, by sandwiching a thermoplastic resin film whose surface is coated with a metal or a metal compound to provide functionality such as heat insulation and conductivity with the interlayer film of the present invention, a functionalized three-layer interlayer film can be obtained. You can also get it. In order to manufacture laminated glass using the interlayer film of the present invention, usually an inorganic glass plate and an inorganic glass plate, or an inorganic glass plate and an organic glass plate made of a transparent hard resin such as polycarbonate resin or acrylic resin are combined. An interlayer film is inserted in between, and the film is placed in a rubber bag and degassed under reduced pressure, or by ironing using a nip roll, etc. to perform preliminary crimping, and then placed in an autoclave under high temperature and high pressure. Then, final pressure bonding is performed to obtain transparent laminated glass. (5) Effects of the Invention Since the interlayer film of the present invention has a large number of coarse irregularities provided on at least one side with a constant pitch of about 200μ to 800μ, an assembly in which the interlayer film is sandwiched between glass plates can be used. In the step of degassing the air, the air in the assembly can be sufficiently degassed, and therefore, by using the interlayer film of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a laminated glass without bubbles that can be observed with the naked eye. Furthermore, since the interlayer film of the present invention has finer irregularities formed on the surface of the coarse irregularities, the blocking property and excessive adhesion to the glass plate are small, so the workability of laminated vitrification is improved, and the workability during storage is improved. The number of sheets stacked increases. Furthermore, since the interlayer film of the present invention has the above-mentioned double unevenness formed on the surface, the protrusions are easily crushed during pre-press bonding, so that the line speed of the pre-press bonding process can be increased. (6) Example In the following, the blocking property of the interlayer film and the foaming property of the laminated glass by heating were measured using the following method. Blocking property Cut the interlayer film into 100mm x 25mm and stack two sheets.
After placing a load of 2 kg on it and leaving it at room temperature for 24 hours, a tensile test was performed at a speed of 200 mm/min.
A 180° peel test was conducted, and the blocking property of the film was determined by the average value of the peel force (repetition number: 3). The larger the value, the greater the adhesive force between the films, which means that the workability during laminated glass production is poor. Foamability: The assembly obtained by sandwiching the interlayer film between two inorganic glass plates is passed through a heating oven, and the surface temperature of the heated laminate is adjusted to 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C. Deaeration was performed using the ironing method, and preliminary crimping was performed. Then, the laminate was placed in a pressurizer at a pressure of 13 kg/
After pressurizing and heating under conditions of cm 2 and temperature of 130℃,
The temperature was lowered to 50°C and the pressure was gradually returned to produce laminated glass. Ten sheets of laminated glass were placed in a gear oven and heated at 120° C. for 2 hours, and the number of sheets of laminated glass with bubbles generated was counted. Example 1 An embossing roll was used to form double irregularities on both surfaces of a plasticized polyvinyl butyral interlayer film containing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral and 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate. . The shape of the coarse irregularities is a continuous triangular pyramid, with a 10-point average roughness of 60μ and a pitch of 400μ.
The surface roughness of the fine irregularities was 10μ. The blocking properties of this film at room temperature and the foaming properties of the resulting laminated glass were as shown in Table 1. Examples 2 and 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, intermediate films having double irregularities formed on the surface were obtained. The shape of the unevenness and each physical property were as shown in Table 1. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, an embossing roll was used to obtain interlayer films having irregularities formed on the surface. However, as shown in Table 1, the shape of the unevenness was free of minute unevenness. The blocking properties of this film and the foaming properties of the laminated glass were as shown in Table 1. 【table】

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明中間膜の表面粗さ曲線の一例を
模擬的に表わした図である。 符号の説明、1……粗大な凹部、2……粗大な
凸部、3……微細な凹凸、W……ピツチ。
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the surface roughness curve of the interlayer film of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols: 1... coarse concavity, 2... coarse convexity, 3... minute unevenness, W... pitch.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 少くとも片面に設けられた多数の粗大な凹凸
の表面に更に微細な凹凸が形成されてなり、上記
粗大な凹凸が約200μ〜800μの範囲内で一定ピツ
チを有することを特徴とする合せガラス用中間
膜。
1. A laminated glass characterized in that finer irregularities are formed on the surface of a large number of coarse irregularities provided on at least one side, and the coarse irregularities have a constant pitch within a range of approximately 200μ to 800μ. interlayer film.
JP6456284A 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Intermediate film for safety glass Granted JPS60208241A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6456284A JPS60208241A (en) 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Intermediate film for safety glass

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6456284A JPS60208241A (en) 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Intermediate film for safety glass

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60208241A JPS60208241A (en) 1985-10-19
JPH0371018B2 true JPH0371018B2 (en) 1991-11-11

Family

ID=13261792

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6456284A Granted JPS60208241A (en) 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Intermediate film for safety glass

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60208241A (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX9102723A (en) * 1990-12-20 1992-07-31 Monsanto Co PLASTIC SHEET, LAMINATED GLASSWORK AND METHOD TO CONTROL THE ADHESION OF THE SHEET TO SUCH GLASSWARE AND REDUCE THE BLOCKING OF SUCH SHEET.
AU649999B2 (en) * 1990-12-20 1994-06-09 Solutia Inc. Plastic sheet for a laminated glazing and method for controlling adhesion and reducing blocking thereof
JP3327990B2 (en) * 1992-11-13 2002-09-24 積水化学工業株式会社 Interlayer for laminated glass
JP3631869B2 (en) * 1997-01-17 2005-03-23 三菱樹脂株式会社 Fluorine resin sheet and laminated glass
JP4124498B2 (en) * 1996-09-02 2008-07-23 三菱樹脂株式会社 Fluorine resin sheet
RU2713024C2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-02-03 Секисуй Кемикал Ко., Лтд. Intermediate film for multilayer glass and multilayer glass
US11453194B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2022-09-27 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Interlayer film for laminated glass, and laminated glass
JP6971014B2 (en) * 2016-03-30 2021-11-24 積水化学工業株式会社 Laminated glass interlayer film

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729426A (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-17 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd Molding method of two-layered film
JPS57209861A (en) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-23 Ppg Industries Inc Manufacture of laminated glass window
JPS5939748A (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-05 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Manufacture of laminated glass

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729426A (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-17 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd Molding method of two-layered film
JPS57209861A (en) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-23 Ppg Industries Inc Manufacture of laminated glass window
JPS5939748A (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-05 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Manufacture of laminated glass

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JPS60208241A (en) 1985-10-19

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