JP3895798B2 - Interlayer film for laminated glass - Google Patents

Interlayer film for laminated glass Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3895798B2
JP3895798B2 JP05010396A JP5010396A JP3895798B2 JP 3895798 B2 JP3895798 B2 JP 3895798B2 JP 05010396 A JP05010396 A JP 05010396A JP 5010396 A JP5010396 A JP 5010396A JP 3895798 B2 JP3895798 B2 JP 3895798B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
temperature
sheet
protrusions
laminated glass
large number
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JP05010396A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09241045A (en
Inventor
稔 中嶋
雅雄 鈴木
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10559Shape of the cross-section
    • B32B17/10577Surface roughness
    • B32B17/10587Surface roughness created by embossing

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成された合わせガラス用中間膜に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
透明なガラス板の間に、可塑化ポリビニルブチラール等の軟質熱可塑性樹脂シートからなる中間膜を接着させた合わせガラスは、自動車、航空機、建築物などの窓ガラスに広く使用されている。
【0003】
この種の合わせガラスは、透明なガラス板の間に中間膜を挟み、これを押圧ロールに通して扱くか或いはゴムバックに入れて減圧吸引し、ガラス板と中間膜との間に残留する空気を脱気しながら予備圧着して積層体とし、次いでこの脱気された積層体をオートクレーブ内で加熱加圧して本圧着を行うことにより製造される。
【0004】
このような合わせガラス用中間膜には、接着性、耐候性、耐貫通性、透明性等の基本性能が良好であることのほかに、耐ブロッキング性が良好で、保管中や巻重体から繰り出す際の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の中間膜の取扱い作業性が良好であること、さらに空気の巻き込みを無くすために、予備圧着工程での脱気性が良好であることが要求される。特に、予備圧着工程での脱気性は、合わせガラスの品質を左右し、脱気が不十分であると、気泡が発生して合わせガラスの透明性が悪くなったりする。
【0005】
このような要求を満たすために、通常、中間膜には、その両面に微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成されている。この微細な凹凸の形態としては、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された各種の凹凸模様、或いは多数の凸条とこの凸条に対する凹溝とで形成された各種の凹凸模様が開示されている(例えば、特公平1−32776号公報参照)。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記従来の中間膜にあっては、耐ブロッキング性や取扱い作業性及び予備圧着工程での脱気性が相当に改善されるが、未だ改善の余地がある。すなわち、多数の独立した山型(波型)の凸起で構成された凹凸模様であって、山の高さ及び谷の深さがそれぞれ不規則に異なる水準に形成されたエンボスでは、耐ブロッキング性や取扱い作業性は優れているが脱気性の点で十分に満足のいくものではない。
【0007】
また、上記特許公報に提案されているように、四角錐のような多数の独立した錐体で構成された凹凸模様であって、山の高さ及び谷の深さがそれぞれ規則的に同じ水準に形成されたエンボスでは、脱気性は優れているが中間膜同士がブロッキングしやすい。これは、中間膜同士が重なる際に、両方の山の頂点同士が揃って正確に当接することは少なく、実際には一方の山が他方の谷に入り込んで、互いに山の斜面部で当接することが多くなるためと推察される。
【0008】
さらに、従来の中間膜は、面積が広い合わせガラスや曲率が大きい合わせガラスを製造する場合、或いは合わせガラスの生産性(特に、予備圧着工程でのライン速度)を上げる場合には、特に脱気性の点で十分に満足のいくものではなく、未だ改善の余地がある。
【0009】
この発明は、上記の問題を解決するもので、その目的とするところは、保管中や巻重体から繰り出す際の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の取扱い作業性に優れるとともに、予備圧着工程での脱気性に優れた合わせガラス用中間膜を提供をすることにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的は、熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成された合わせガラス用中間膜において、上記シートの少なくとも片面に、該シートの端縁へ連通する多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝(前記凹部が、シートの端縁へ連通するように線状又は格子状に形成されたものを除く)が形成された合わせガラス用中間膜によって、達成することができる。
【0011】
この発明に用いる熱可塑性樹脂シートとしては、従来の合わせガラスの中間膜に用いられているシートが使用される。例えば、可塑化ポリビニルアセタール樹脂シート、ポリウレタン系樹脂シート、エチレン−酢酸ビニル系樹脂シート、エチレン−エチルアクリレート系樹脂シート、可塑化塩化ビニル系樹脂シート等が挙げられる。これ等のシートは、接着性、耐候性、耐貫通性、透明性等の合わせガラスに要求される基本性能が優れている。
【0012】
特に、可塑化ポリビニルブチラール樹脂シートで代表される可塑化ポリビニルアセタール樹脂シートが上記基本性能の点で好適である。これ等の熱可塑性樹脂シートの膜厚は、合わせガラスとして必要な耐貫通性等を考慮して決められ、従来の中間膜と同程度で、特に0.2〜2mmとするのが好ましい。
【0013】
そして、上記熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成されているが、さらに、この発明においては、上記シートの少なくとも片面に、該シートの端縁へ連通する多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されていることが必要である。
【0014】
上記凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボス(以下、凹凸模様と呼ぶ)は、主に保管中の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の取扱い作業性の改善に寄与する。また、上記線状又は格子状の凹溝は、主に予備圧着工程での脱気性の改善に寄与する。このように凹凸模様と線状又は格子状の凹溝とを併用すると、凹凸模様により耐ブロッキング性の改善作用が強く発現し、また凹溝により脱気性の改善作用が強く発現するようになる。
【0015】
このような特殊なエンボスを形成するには、従来と同様に、エンボスロール法により凹凸模様と線状又は格子状の凹溝とを同時に形成する方法、異形押出法により直線状の凹溝を形成した後ブラスト法により凹凸模様を形成する方法、異形押出法により直線状の凹溝を形成すると共に押出の際にメルトフラクチャーを利用して凹凸模様を形成する方法等が採用される。特に、定量的に一定の凹凸模様と線状又は格子状の凹溝とからなるエンボスを得るには、エンボスロール法が好適である。
【0016】
上記特殊なエンボスにおいて、凹凸模様は、一般に、三角錐、四角錐、円錐等の錐体、截頭三角錐、截頭四角錐、截頭円錐等の截頭錐体或いは擬錐体、山型(波型)の突出体からなる多数の独立した微細な凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とから構成される。
【0017】
そして、上記凹凸模様は、中間膜の表面全体に整然と規則的に分布していてもよく、雑然と不規則に分布していてもよい。また、凸起の高さは、全て同じ高さであっても異なる高さであってもよく、この凸起に対する凹部の深さも、全て同じ深さであっても異なる深さであってもよい。このような凹凸模様の表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は、従来の凹凸模様と同程度で、5〜100μm に設定するのが好ましく、特に10〜30μm に設定するのがさらに好ましい。
【0018】
また、多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝は、一般に、その横断面形状がV型、U型、角型とされる。線状の凹溝には、直線状のものと曲線状のものとが含まれる。格子状の凹溝には、直角に交差したものと斜めに交差したものとが含まれる。そして、これ等の線状又は格子状の凹溝は、上記凹凸模様の全面に整然と規則的に分布していてもよく、凹凸模様の全面に雑然と不規則に分布していてもよい。なお、これ等の凹溝は、予備圧着工程で脱気の際に空気の通路となるものであるから、上記シートの端縁へ連通していなければならない。
【0019】
これ等の凹溝は、全て同じ深さであっても異なる深さであってもよい。凹溝の深さは、一般に5〜200μm に設定され、特に10〜100μm が好ましい。凹溝の上幅(最大幅)は、一般に10〜1000μm に設定され、特に50〜500μm が好ましい。また、相隣る凹溝の間隔は、一般に10〜2000μm に設定され、特に20〜100μm が好ましい。
【0020】
この発明の中間膜は、熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に上記凹凸模様が形成されていて、さらに、上記シートの両面に多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されているものが好ましいが、上記シートの片面のみに多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されていてもよい。こうして、この発明(請求項1の発明)の合わせガラス用中間膜が得られる。
【0021】
このように、この発明の中間膜は、熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボス(凹凸模様)が形成されていて、さらに上記シートの少なくとも片面に、該シートの端縁へ連通する多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されていることを必須の要件とするが、特に、多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されている側のシート全体の表面粗さ(Rz)は、Rz2 >0.8Rz1 ≧Rz3 を満足するものが好適である。この全体の表面粗さ(Rz)は、JIS B 0601に基づいて測定される十点平均粗さを意味する。
【0022】
ここで、Rz1 は0〜30℃の温度で測定される表面粗さを表し、このような温度を採用したのは、中間膜の通常の保管や取扱いにおける環境温度は、主に、0〜30℃の温度範囲であるからである。これは、表面粗さ(Rz)の通常の測定温度であり、この測定温度は、20℃の温度を採用するのが好ましい。
【0023】
また、Rz2 は30℃を越え60℃以下の温度で1〜20分間放置した後、0〜30℃の温度(上記通常の測定温度)で測定される表面粗さを表し、このような熱処理条件を採用したのは、予備圧着の際に、その前半の段階で中間膜がこのような条件に置かれ、この条件でエンボスがほとんど潰されないことが必要となるからである。この熱処理条件は、40℃×10分の条件を採用するのが好ましい。
【0024】
さらに、Rz3 は60℃を越え90℃以下の温度で1〜20分間放置した後、0〜30℃の温度(上記通常の測定温度)で測定される表面粗さを表し、このような熱処理条件を採用したのは、予備圧着の際に、その後半の段階で中間膜がこのような条件に置かれ、この条件でエンボスがほとんど潰されることが必要となるからである。この熱処理条件は、80℃×10分の条件が採用するのが好ましい。
【0025】
そして、上記のような条件で熱処理した後のシート全体のエンボスの表面粗さ(Rz)を種々検討した結果、Rz2 >0.8Rz1 ≧Rz3 を満足しておれば、ブロッキング性や取扱い作業性に優れるとともに、予備圧着工程での脱気性がより一層優れた中間膜が得られることを、実験により見出した。しかも、比較的低い温度での予備圧着が可能となり、特に予備圧着工程でのライン速度を上げることが可能となる。
【0026】
このような特定の表面粗さを有する中間膜を得るには、熱可塑性樹脂シートの種類、凹凸の形態や模様などに左右されるが、例えば、可塑化ポリビニルブチラール樹脂シートを用いてエンボスロール法により、前述の凹凸模様と凹溝とから構成されたエンボスを形成する際に、主に、エンボスロールに導入される直前のシート温度を20〜100℃に加熱保持して、微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成するのが好ましく、特に55〜95℃に加熱保持するのが最適である。
【0027】
このシート温度が20℃を下回ると、シートを30〜60℃の温度下で放置した際のエンボスの変形が大きすぎ、逆にこのシート温度が100℃を上回ると、シートを60〜90℃の温度下で放置した際のエンボスの変形が小さすぎて、この発明の目的は達成されても、予備圧着工程での脱気性がより一層優れた中間膜とすることが難しくなる。なお、従来法では、エンボスロールに導入される直前のシート温度は100℃よりも高い温度に保持されていた。こうして、この発明(請求項2の発明)の合わせガラス用中間膜が得られる。
【0028】
この発明の中間膜を用いて合わせガラスを製造するには、通常の合わせガラスの製法が採用される。例えば、可塑化ポリビニルブチラール樹脂シートからなる中間膜を用いる場合、二枚の透明な無機ガラス板の間に上記中間膜を挟んで積層体とし、この積層体をゴムバックに移し、ゴムバックを排気系に接続して約−400〜−750mmHgの真空(絶対圧力360〜10mmHg)に吸引減圧しながら温度を上げ、約70〜110℃で予備圧着し、次いでオートクレーブを用いるか或いはプレスを用いて、約120〜150℃の温度、約10〜15 kg/cm2の圧力で本圧着を行うことにより製造される。
【0029】
なお、上記ガラス板としては、無機ガラス板のみならず、ポリカーボネート板、ポリメチルメタクリレート板などの有機ガラス板も使用することができる。また、合わせガラスの積層構成は、ガラス板/中間膜/ガラス板の三層構成のみならず、ガラス板/中間膜/ガラス板/中間膜/ガラス板のような多層構成とすることができる。
【0030】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施例及び比較例を示す。
実施例1
ポリビニルブチラール樹脂(平均重合度1700、残存アセチル基1モル%、ブチラール化度65モル%)100重量部に、可塑剤としてトリエチレングリコール−ジ−2−エチルブチレート40重量部と、接着力調整剤として酢酸マグネシウム0.2重量部を混合し、この混合物を押出機により210℃で溶融混練し押出金型より210℃でシート状に押出し、10本の温調ローラーを通してシートの温度を70℃に調節保持した。
【0031】
引き続いて、70℃に調節保持された上記シートを、表面に不規則な凹凸模様(山型転写用)と平行直線状の凸条(凹溝転写用)とが形成された上下一対のエンボスローラー(ローラー温度90℃)の間隙を通過させることにより、シートの両面に、凹凸模様と多数の凹溝から構成されたエンボスを形成し、このエンボスシートを冷却された10本のガイドローラーを通過させて15℃に冷却し、一対の引取りロールにより引き取って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。中間膜の含水率は0.4〜0.5重量%に調整した。
【0032】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な山型(波型)の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ異なる不規則な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は20μm であった。
【0033】
また、多数の凹溝は、上記凹凸模様の全面に分布するように形成され、シートの長さ方向に対して45度の角度を持ち、互いに平行直線状の規則的な凹溝で外へ連通しており、凹溝の形状はV型で、その深さは50μm 、凹溝の上幅は200μm 、間隔は200μm であった。
【0034】
実施例2
上下一対のエンボスローラー表面の平行直線状の凸条を格子状の凸条に変更し、またその幅も変更し、さらに上下一対のエンボスローラーを通過する直前のシート温度を90℃に調節保持した。それ以外は実施例1と同様に行って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。
【0035】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な山型(波型)の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ異なる不規則な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は20μm であった。
【0036】
また、多数の凹溝は、上記凹凸模様の中に形成され、シートの長さ方向に対して45度の角度を持ち、格子状の規則的な凹溝で外へ連通しており、凹溝の形状はV型で、その深さは50μm 、凹溝の上幅は100μm 、間隔は200μm であった。
【0037】
実施例3
上下一対のエンボスローラー表面の平行直線状の凸条の深さ及び幅を変更し、さらに上下一対のエンボスローラーを通過する直前のシート温度を75℃に調節保持した。それ以外は実施例1と同様に行って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。
【0038】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な山型(波型)の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ異なる不規則な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は20μm であった。
【0039】
また、多数の凹溝は、上記凹凸模様の中に形成され、シートの長さ方向に対して45度の角度を持ち、互いに平行直線状の規則的な凹溝で外へ連通しており、、凹溝の形状はV型で、その深さは20μm 、凹溝の上幅は100μm 間隔は200μm であった。
【0040】
実施例4
上下一対のエンボスローラーを通過する直前のシート温度を115℃に調節保持した。それ以外は実施例3と同様に行って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。
【0041】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な山型(波型)の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ異なる不規則な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は20μm であった。
【0042】
また、多数の凹溝は、上記凹凸模様の中に形成され、シートの長さ方向に対して45度の角度を持ち、互いに平行直線状の規則的な凹溝で外へ連通しており、凹溝の形状はV型で、その深さは20μm 、凹溝で上幅は100μm 間隔は200μm であった。
【0043】
比較例1
表面に不規則な凹凸模様(山型転写用)のみが形成された上下一対のエンボスローラーを用い、さらに上下一対のエンボスローラーを通過する直前のシート温度を120℃に調節保持した。それ以外は実施例3と同様に行って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。
【0044】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な山型(波型)の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ異なる不規則な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は30μm であった。
【0045】
比較例2
表面に規則的な凹凸模様(四角錐体転写用)のみが形成された上下一対のエンボスローラーを用い、それ以外は比較例1と同様に行って、厚さ0.76mmの中間膜を製造した。
【0046】
上記エンボスの凹凸模様は、多数の独立した微細な四角錐体の凸起と、これ等の凸起に対する多数の凹部とからなり、凸起の高さ及び深さはそれぞれ同じで規則的な凹凸模様で、その表面粗さ(十点平均粗さ)は50μm であった。
【0047】
上記各実施例及び各比較例で得られた中間膜について、下記の方法で全体のエンボスの表面粗さRz1 、Rz2 、Rz3 を測定した。また、この中間膜について、下記の方法でブロッキングテストを行い、中間膜の自着性及び取扱い作業性を評価した。さらに、この中間膜を用いた合わせガラスについて、下記の方法でベークテストを行い、予備圧着工程での脱気性を評価した。その結果をまとめて表1に示す。
【0048】
<表面粗さの測定>
中間膜を、20℃±2℃の恒温室において、JIS B 0601に基づいて十点平均粗さを測定し、その値をRz1 とした。また、上記中間膜を離型紙上に載せて40℃のオーブン内に10分間放置した後、20℃に冷却し、この中間膜について、20℃±2℃の恒温室において十点平均粗さを測定し、その値をRz2 とした。さらに、上記中間膜を離型紙上に載せて80℃のオーブン内に10分間放置した後、20℃に冷却し、この中間膜について、20℃±2℃の恒温室において十点平均粗さを測定し、その値をRz3 とした。
【0049】
なお、触針式表面粗さ測定器は、小坂研究所製のサーフコーダーSE−40D型を用い、基準長さは8mmである。
【0050】
<ブロッキングテスト>
中間膜を15cm×15cmに裁断し、これを2枚重ね合わせ、その上に13 kgの重りを載せ、室温で24時間放置したあと、引張試験機で500mm/分の速度で180度剥離試験を行い(繰り返し数5)、この剥離力(g/15cm幅)を測定した。この剥離力が小さいほど、ブロッキング性や取扱い作業性が優れている。実用上は、この剥離力が500g/15cm幅以下で、保管中の耐ブロッキング性、巻重体から繰り出す際の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の取扱い作業性が十分とされる。
【0051】
<ベークテスト>
中間膜を二枚の透明なフロートガラス板(縦30cm×横30cm×厚さ3mm)の間に挟み、はみ出た部分を切り取り、こうして得られた積層体をゴムバッグ内に移し、積層体の温度(予備圧着直前温度)がそれぞれ25℃、35℃、50℃になるように加熱し、その後ゴムバッグを吸引減圧系に接続し、120℃の外気加熱温度で加熱すると同時に−500mmHg(絶対圧力260mmHg)の真空に15分間保持した後、大気圧に戻して予備圧着を終了した。
【0052】
その後、予備圧着した積層体を、オートクレーブ内で、温度130℃、圧力13 kg/cm2 の条件下に10分間保持した後、50℃まで温度を下げ大気圧に戻して本圧着を終了した。こうして得られた合わせガラスを150℃のオーブンで2時間加熱し、オーブンから取り3時間冷却し、合わせガラスに発泡(気泡)が生じた枚数を調べて、脱気性を評価した。試験枚数は100枚とした。発泡が生じた枚数が少ないほど脱気性が優れている。実用上は、100枚中で発泡が生じた枚数が0〜1枚以下で、脱気性が十分とされる。
【0053】
【表1】

Figure 0003895798
【0054】
【発明の効果】
上述の通り、熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成された合わせガラス用中間膜において、上記シートの少なくとも片面に、該シートの端縁へ連通する多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されており、それにより保管中や巻重体から繰り出す際の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の取扱い作業性に優れるとともに、予備圧着工程での脱気性に優れた合わせガラス用中間膜を得ることができる。
【0055】
特に、多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されている側の表面粗さ(Rz)を、本文で説明したような特定の範囲(Rz2 >0.8Rz1 ≧Rz3 )に設定することにより、保管中や巻重体から繰り出す際の耐ブロッキング性及びガラス板の間に中間膜を挟む際の取扱い作業性に優れるとともに、予備圧着工程での脱気性がより一層優れた合わせガラス用中間膜を得ることができる。
【0056】
したがって、この発明の中間膜を用いて合わせガラスを製造すると、特に面積が広い合わせガラスや曲率が大きい合わせガラスを製造する場合や合わせガラスの生産性(特に、予備圧着工程でのライン速度)を上げる場合であっても、脱気が十分に行われ、中間膜の層がガラス板の面に沿って良好に平滑化され、特に透明性が優れ品質の良好な合わせガラスを製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass having an emboss made of fine irregularities.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Laminated glass in which an intermediate film made of a soft thermoplastic resin sheet such as plasticized polyvinyl butyral is bonded between transparent glass plates is widely used in window glass for automobiles, aircraft, buildings, and the like.
[0003]
In this type of laminated glass, an intermediate film is sandwiched between transparent glass plates, which are handled by passing them through a pressure roll, or put in a rubber bag and sucked under reduced pressure, and air remaining between the glass plate and the intermediate film is removed. It is manufactured by pre-crimping while deaeration to form a laminate, and then subjecting this degassed laminate to heat-pressing in an autoclave to perform main-compression.
[0004]
In addition to good basic properties such as adhesion, weather resistance, penetration resistance, and transparency, such an interlayer film for laminated glass has good blocking resistance, and is drawn out from storage and wound bodies. It is required to have good anti-blocking property and good handling work of the intermediate film when sandwiching the intermediate film between the glass plates, and good deaeration in the pre-compression process to eliminate air entrainment Is done. In particular, the deaeration in the pre-bonding step affects the quality of the laminated glass. If the deaeration is insufficient, bubbles are generated and the transparency of the laminated glass is deteriorated.
[0005]
In order to satisfy such a requirement, the intermediate film is usually formed with embosses having fine irregularities on both sides thereof. As the form of this fine unevenness, various uneven patterns formed by a large number of independent protrusions and recesses for the protrusions, or various protrusions formed by a large number of protrusions and grooves for the protrusions. An uneven pattern is disclosed (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-32776).
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional interlayer film, the blocking resistance, handling workability, and deaeration in the pre-compression bonding process are considerably improved, but there is still room for improvement. In other words, an embossed pattern composed of a large number of independent mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions, each having an irregularly different level of peak height and valley depth, is resistant to blocking. However, it is not fully satisfactory in terms of deaeration.
[0007]
Further, as proposed in the above patent publication, it is a concavo-convex pattern composed of a large number of independent cones such as a quadrangular pyramid, and the height of the mountain and the depth of the valley are regularly the same level. In the embossing formed in, the degassing property is excellent, but the interlayer films are easily blocked. This is because when the intermediate films overlap each other, the peaks of both peaks are rarely aligned and abutted accurately, and actually one mountain enters the other valley and abuts on the slope of the mountain. It is presumed that there are many things.
[0008]
Furthermore, conventional interlayer films are particularly degassed when producing laminated glass having a large area or laminated glass having a large curvature, or when increasing the productivity of laminated glass (particularly, the line speed in the pre-bonding process). However, there is still room for improvement.
[0009]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to have excellent blocking workability during storage and unwinding from a roll and excellent handling workability when an interlayer film is sandwiched between glass plates. An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass that is excellent in degassing properties in a pressure bonding step.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-described object is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass in which an emboss made of fine irregularities formed by a large number of independent protrusions and concave portions corresponding to the protrusions is formed on both surfaces of a thermoplastic resin sheet. On at least one surface, there are a large number of linear or grid-shaped grooves communicating with the edge of the sheet (excluding those in which the recess is formed in a linear or grid shape so as to communicate with the edge of the sheet). This can be achieved by the interlayer film for laminated glass formed.
[0011]
As the thermoplastic resin sheet used in the present invention, a sheet used for an interlayer film of a conventional laminated glass is used. Examples thereof include a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin sheet, a polyurethane resin sheet, an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin sheet, an ethylene-ethyl acrylate resin sheet, and a plasticized vinyl chloride resin sheet. These sheets are excellent in basic performance required for laminated glass, such as adhesion, weather resistance, penetration resistance, and transparency.
[0012]
In particular, a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin sheet represented by a plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin sheet is preferable in terms of the above basic performance. The film thickness of these thermoplastic resin sheets is determined in consideration of the penetration resistance required for laminated glass, and is about the same as that of a conventional intermediate film, and is preferably 0.2 to 2 mm.
[0013]
And on both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin sheet, there are formed embosses made of fine irregularities formed by a large number of independent protrusions and recesses with respect to the protrusions. It is necessary that a large number of linear or lattice-shaped concave grooves communicating with the edge of the sheet be formed on at least one side of the sheet.
[0014]
The embossing (hereinafter referred to as a concavo-convex pattern) formed of fine protrusions and depressions formed by the protrusions and the recesses corresponding to the protrusions is mainly blocking resistance during storage and handling work when an interlayer film is sandwiched between glass plates. Contributes to improvement of sex. Moreover, the said linear or grid | lattice-shaped ditch | groove mainly contributes to the improvement of the deaeration property in a pre-compression bonding process. When the concave and convex pattern and the linear or lattice-shaped concave groove are used in combination, the concave and convex pattern strongly expresses the anti-blocking property, and the concave groove strongly expresses the deaeration property.
[0015]
In order to form such special embossing, as in the past, a method of forming an uneven pattern and a linear or grid-like concave groove at the same time by an embossing roll method, and a linear concave groove by an irregular extrusion method Then, a method of forming a concavo-convex pattern by a blasting method, a method of forming a linear concave groove by a profile extrusion method, and a method of forming a concavo-convex pattern using a melt fracture at the time of extrusion are employed. In particular, the embossing roll method is suitable for obtaining embossing composed of quantitatively constant uneven patterns and linear or grid-like grooves.
[0016]
In the above special embossing, the uneven pattern is generally a pyramid such as a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, a cone, a truncated pyramid such as a truncated triangular pyramid, a truncated quadrangular pyramid, a truncated cone, or a pseudo-cone, a mountain shape It is composed of a large number of independent fine protrusions made of (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of recesses for these protrusions.
[0017]
And the said uneven | corrugated pattern may be distributed regularly and regularly in the whole surface of the intermediate film, and may be distributed irregularly and irregularly. Further, the heights of the protrusions may be all the same height or different heights, and the depths of the recesses with respect to the protrusions may be all the same depth or different depths. Good. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) of such a concavo-convex pattern is about the same as that of a conventional concavo-convex pattern, preferably set to 5 to 100 μm, more preferably set to 10 to 30 μm.
[0018]
In addition, a large number of linear or lattice-shaped grooves are generally V-shaped, U-shaped, or rectangular in cross-sectional shape. The linear concave groove includes a linear groove and a curved groove. The lattice-shaped concave grooves include those intersecting at right angles and those intersecting obliquely. These linear or lattice-shaped concave grooves may be regularly and regularly distributed over the entire surface of the uneven pattern, or may be randomly and irregularly distributed over the entire surface of the uneven pattern. Since these concave grooves serve as air passages during deaeration in the pre-compression bonding step, they must communicate with the edge of the sheet.
[0019]
These concave grooves may all have the same depth or different depths. The depth of the concave groove is generally set to 5 to 200 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 100 μm. The upper width (maximum width) of the groove is generally set to 10 to 1000 μm, and preferably 50 to 500 μm. Further, the interval between adjacent grooves is generally set to 10 to 2000 μm, and particularly preferably 20 to 100 μm.
[0020]
The intermediate film of the present invention is preferably such that the uneven pattern is formed on both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin sheet, and further, a large number of linear or lattice-shaped grooves are formed on both surfaces of the sheet. A large number of linear or grid-like grooves may be formed only on one side of the sheet. Thus, the interlayer film for laminated glass of this invention (invention of claim 1) is obtained.
[0021]
As described above, the intermediate film of the present invention is formed with embosses (concave / convex patterns) composed of fine irregularities formed by a large number of independent protrusions and recesses with respect to the protrusions on both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin sheet. In addition, it is an essential requirement that a large number of linear or lattice-shaped grooves communicating with the edge of the sheet are formed on at least one side of the sheet. The surface roughness (Rz) of the entire sheet on the side where the concave grooves are formed preferably satisfies Rz 2 > 0.8Rz 1 ≧ Rz 3 . The overall surface roughness (Rz) means a ten-point average roughness measured based on JIS B 0601.
[0022]
Here, Rz 1 represents the surface roughness measured at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C., and such a temperature was adopted because the environmental temperature in normal storage and handling of the intermediate film is mainly 0 to This is because the temperature range is 30 ° C. This is a normal measurement temperature of the surface roughness (Rz), and it is preferable to employ a temperature of 20 ° C. as the measurement temperature.
[0023]
Rz 2 represents the surface roughness measured at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C. (the above-mentioned normal measurement temperature) after being left at a temperature of over 30 ° C. and below 60 ° C. for 1 to 20 minutes. The condition is adopted because the intermediate film is placed in such a condition in the first half of the pre-compression and it is necessary that the emboss is hardly crushed under this condition. As this heat treatment condition, a condition of 40 ° C. × 10 minutes is preferably adopted.
[0024]
Further, Rz 3 represents the surface roughness measured at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C. (the above-mentioned normal measurement temperature) after being left at a temperature exceeding 60 ° C. and not exceeding 90 ° C. for 1 to 20 minutes. The reason for adopting the conditions is that the intermediate film is placed under such conditions in the latter half of the pre-compression, and the embossing needs to be almost crushed under these conditions. As this heat treatment condition, it is preferable to adopt a condition of 80 ° C. × 10 minutes.
[0025]
As a result of various investigations on the surface roughness (Rz) of the embossed sheet as a whole after heat treatment under the above conditions, if Rz 2 > 0.8Rz 1 ≧ Rz 3 is satisfied, blocking properties and handling It has been found through experiments that an intermediate film having excellent workability and further excellent deaeration in the pre-bonding step can be obtained. In addition, pre-compression can be performed at a relatively low temperature, and in particular, the line speed can be increased in the pre-compression process.
[0026]
In order to obtain an intermediate film having such a specific surface roughness, it depends on the type of thermoplastic resin sheet, the shape and pattern of the unevenness, for example, an embossing roll method using a plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin sheet Thus, when forming an emboss composed of the above-described concavo-convex pattern and concave grooves, the sheet temperature immediately before being introduced into the embossing roll is mainly heated and held at 20 to 100 ° C. to form fine concavo-convex. It is preferable to form embossing, and it is most preferable to heat and hold at 55 to 95 ° C.
[0027]
When the sheet temperature is below 20 ° C, the deformation of the emboss when the sheet is left at a temperature of 30 to 60 ° C is too large. Conversely, when the sheet temperature exceeds 100 ° C, the sheet is heated to 60 to 90 ° C. Even if the deformation of the emboss when left at a temperature is too small and the object of the present invention is achieved, it becomes difficult to obtain an intermediate film that is more excellent in deaeration in the pre-compression bonding step. In the conventional method, the sheet temperature immediately before being introduced into the embossing roll is maintained at a temperature higher than 100 ° C. Thus, the interlayer film for laminated glass of this invention (invention of claim 2) is obtained.
[0028]
In order to produce a laminated glass using the interlayer film of the present invention, an ordinary method for producing a laminated glass is employed. For example, when an intermediate film made of a plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin sheet is used, the intermediate film is sandwiched between two transparent inorganic glass plates to form a laminate, the laminate is transferred to a rubber bag, and the rubber bag is used as an exhaust system. The temperature was increased while suctioning and reducing to a vacuum of about −400 to −750 mmHg (absolute pressure 360 to 10 mmHg), pre-pressed at about 70 to 110 ° C., and then using an autoclave or press, about 120 It is manufactured by performing the main compression bonding at a temperature of ˜150 ° C. and a pressure of about 10 to 15 kg / cm 2 .
[0029]
In addition, as said glass plate, not only an inorganic glass plate but organic glass plates, such as a polycarbonate plate and a polymethylmethacrylate board, can also be used. The laminated structure of the laminated glass can be not only a three-layer structure of glass plate / intermediate film / glass plate but also a multilayer structure such as glass plate / intermediate film / glass plate / intermediate film / glass plate.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be described below.
Example 1
Adhesive strength adjustment with 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral resin (average polymerization degree 1700, residual acetyl group 1 mol%, butyralization degree 65 mol%) and 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate as a plasticizer As an agent, 0.2 part by weight of magnesium acetate was mixed, this mixture was melt-kneaded at 210 ° C. by an extruder, extruded into a sheet form at 210 ° C. from an extrusion die, and the temperature of the sheet was adjusted to 70 ° C. through 10 temperature control rollers. Adjusted to hold.
[0031]
Subsequently, a pair of upper and lower embossing rollers on the surface of which the surface adjusted and held at 70 ° C. is formed with irregular irregular patterns (for mountain-shaped transfer) and parallel linear ridges (for groove transfer). By passing a gap of (roller temperature 90 ° C.), embosses composed of a concavo-convex pattern and a number of concave grooves are formed on both sides of the sheet, and this embossed sheet is passed through 10 cooled guide rollers. The film was cooled to 15 ° C. and taken up by a pair of take-up rolls to produce an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm. The water content of the interlayer film was adjusted to 0.4 to 0.5% by weight.
[0032]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are irregularly different. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) was 20 μm.
[0033]
In addition, a large number of concave grooves are formed so as to be distributed over the entire surface of the concave / convex pattern, have an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the length direction of the sheet, and communicate with each other through regular concave grooves parallel to each other. The shape of the groove was V-shaped, the depth was 50 μm, the upper width of the groove was 200 μm, and the interval was 200 μm.
[0034]
Example 2
The parallel straight ridges on the surface of the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers were changed to grid-like ridges, the width was also changed, and the sheet temperature immediately before passing through the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers was adjusted and held at 90 ° C. . Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted to produce an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm.
[0035]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are irregularly different. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) was 20 μm.
[0036]
In addition, a large number of grooves are formed in the concavo-convex pattern, have an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the length direction of the sheet, and communicate with the grid-shaped regular grooves to the outside. The shape was V-shaped, the depth was 50 μm, the upper width of the concave groove was 100 μm, and the interval was 200 μm.
[0037]
Example 3
The depth and width of the parallel straight ridges on the surface of the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers were changed, and the sheet temperature just before passing through the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers was adjusted and held at 75 ° C. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted to produce an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm.
[0038]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are irregularly different. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) was 20 μm.
[0039]
In addition, a large number of concave grooves are formed in the concave / convex pattern, have an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the length direction of the sheet, and communicate with each other through regular concave grooves parallel to each other. The shape of the groove was V-shaped, its depth was 20 μm, the upper width of the groove was 100 μm, and the interval was 200 μm.
[0040]
Example 4
The sheet temperature immediately before passing through the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers was adjusted and maintained at 115 ° C. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example 3 was conducted to produce an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm.
[0041]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are irregularly different. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) was 20 μm.
[0042]
In addition, a large number of concave grooves are formed in the concave and convex pattern, have an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the length direction of the sheet, and communicate with each other through regular concave grooves that are parallel to each other. The shape of the groove was V-shaped, its depth was 20 μm, and its upper width was 100 μm.
[0043]
Comparative Example 1
Using a pair of upper and lower embossing rollers on which only irregular irregular patterns (for mountain-shaped transfer) were formed on the surface, the sheet temperature immediately before passing through the pair of upper and lower embossing rollers was adjusted and held at 120 ° C. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example 3 was conducted to produce an interlayer film having a thickness of 0.76 mm.
[0044]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine mountain-shaped (wave-shaped) protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are irregularly different. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) was 30 μm.
[0045]
Comparative Example 2
An intermediate film having a thickness of 0.76 mm was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that a pair of upper and lower embossed rollers on which only a regular uneven pattern (for transferring a quadrangular pyramid) was formed on the surface was used. .
[0046]
The embossed concavo-convex pattern is composed of a large number of independent fine quadrangular pyramidal protrusions and a large number of concave portions corresponding to these protrusions, and the height and depth of the protrusions are the same and regular unevenness. The surface roughness (ten-point average roughness) of the pattern was 50 μm.
[0047]
The intermediate layer obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the surface roughness was measured Rz 1, Rz 2, Rz 3 of the whole embossing in the following manner. Further, this interlayer film was subjected to a blocking test by the following method to evaluate the self-adhesiveness and handling workability of the interlayer film. Further, the laminated glass using this interlayer film was subjected to a baking test by the following method to evaluate the deaeration property in the preliminary press bonding step. The results are summarized in Table 1.
[0048]
<Measurement of surface roughness>
The intermediate film was measured for 10-point average roughness based on JIS B 0601 in a constant temperature room of 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C., and the value was defined as Rz 1 . The intermediate film is placed on a release paper and left in an oven at 40 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then cooled to 20 ° C. The intermediate film has a ten-point average roughness in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C. measured, and its value as Rz 2. Further, the intermediate film is placed on a release paper and left in an oven at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then cooled to 20 ° C. The intermediate film has a ten-point average roughness in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C. measured, and its value as Rz 3.
[0049]
The stylus type surface roughness measuring instrument uses a surf coder SE-40D type manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory, and has a reference length of 8 mm.
[0050]
<Blocking test>
The intermediate film is cut into 15 cm × 15 cm, two of them are stacked, a 13 kg weight is placed thereon, left at room temperature for 24 hours, and then subjected to a 180 ° peel test at a speed of 500 mm / min with a tensile tester. This was done (repetition number 5), and the peeling force (g / 15 cm width) was measured. The smaller the peeling force, the better the blocking property and handling workability. In practical use, the peel force is 500 g / 15 cm or less, and the blocking resistance during storage, the blocking resistance when unwinding from the roll, and the handling workability when sandwiching the interlayer film between the glass plates are sufficient.
[0051]
<Bake test>
The interlayer film is sandwiched between two transparent float glass plates (length 30cm x width 30cm x thickness 3mm), the protruding part is cut off, the laminated body thus obtained is transferred into a rubber bag, and the temperature of the laminated body (Temporary pressure immediately before pre-bonding) is heated to 25 ° C, 35 ° C, and 50 ° C, respectively, and then the rubber bag is connected to a suction pressure reducing system and heated at an external air heating temperature of 120 ° C. ) Was maintained for 15 minutes, and then returned to atmospheric pressure to complete pre-compression bonding.
[0052]
Thereafter, the pre-pressed laminate was held in an autoclave for 10 minutes under conditions of a temperature of 130 ° C. and a pressure of 13 kg / cm 2 , then the temperature was lowered to 50 ° C. and returned to atmospheric pressure to complete the main press bonding. The laminated glass thus obtained was heated in an oven at 150 ° C. for 2 hours, taken out of the oven, cooled for 3 hours, and the number of bubbles (bubbles) formed in the laminated glass was examined to evaluate deaeration. The number of test sheets was 100. The smaller the number of foams generated, the better the deaeration. Practically, the number of foaming in 100 sheets is 0 to 1 or less, and the deaeration is sufficient.
[0053]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003895798
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the interlayer film for laminated glass in which embossing composed of fine irregularities formed by a large number of independent protrusions and recesses with respect to the protrusions is formed on both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin sheet, at least of the sheet On one side, a large number of linear or lattice-shaped grooves communicating with the edge of the sheet are formed, thereby blocking resistance during storage and when feeding out from the roll, and when sandwiching an interlayer between glass plates It is possible to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass having excellent handling workability and excellent degassing performance in the pre-bonding step.
[0055]
In particular, the surface roughness (Rz) on the side where a large number of linear or grid-like grooves are formed is set to a specific range (Rz 2 > 0.8 Rz 1 ≧ Rz 3 ) as described in the text. This makes the interlayer film for laminated glass excellent in blocking resistance during storage and unwinding from the roll and in handling workability when the interlayer film is sandwiched between the glass plates, and even more deaerated in the pre-bonding step. Can be obtained.
[0056]
Therefore, when the laminated glass is produced using the interlayer film of the present invention, the laminated glass having a large area or the laminated glass having a large curvature or the laminated glass productivity (particularly, the line speed in the pre-compression bonding process) Even in the case of raising, deaeration is sufficiently performed, the interlayer film is smoothly smoothed along the surface of the glass plate, and it is possible to produce a laminated glass having particularly excellent transparency and good quality. .

Claims (2)

熱可塑性樹脂シートの両面に、多数の独立した凸起とこの凸起に対する凹部とで形成された微細な凹凸からなるエンボスが形成された合わせガラス用中間膜において、上記シートの少なくとも片面に、該シートの端縁へ連通する多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝(前記凹部が、シートの端縁へ連通するように線状又は格子状に形成されたものを除く)が形成されていることを特徴とする合わせガラス用中間膜。In the interlayer film for laminated glass, in which an emboss made of fine irregularities formed by a large number of independent protrusions and recesses with respect to the protrusions is formed on both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin sheet, on at least one surface of the sheet, A large number of linear or lattice-shaped concave grooves communicating with the edge of the sheet (excluding those in which the concave portion is formed in a linear or lattice shape so as to communicate with the edge of the sheet) An interlayer film for laminated glass characterized by 多数の線状又は格子状の凹溝が形成されている側の表面粗さ(Rz)は、Rz2 >0.8Rz1 ≧Rz3 を満足することを特徴とする請求項1記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
ここで、Rz1 は0〜30℃の温度で測定される表面粗さを表し、Rz2 は30℃を越え60℃以下の温度で1〜20分間放置した後、0〜30℃の温度で測定される表面粗さを表し、Rz3 は60℃を越え90℃以下の温度で1〜20分間放置した後、0〜30℃の温度で測定される表面粗さを表す。
The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the surface roughness (Rz) on the side where a large number of linear or lattice-shaped grooves are formed satisfies Rz 2 > 0.8Rz 1 ≥Rz 3. Interlayer film.
Here, Rz 1 represents the surface roughness measured at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C., and Rz 2 was allowed to stand at a temperature exceeding 30 ° C. and not exceeding 60 ° C. for 1 to 20 minutes, and then at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C. Rz 3 represents the surface roughness measured at a temperature of 0 to 30 ° C. after standing for 1 to 20 minutes at a temperature of more than 60 ° C. and not more than 90 ° C.
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US7351468B2 (en) * 2000-10-26 2008-04-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Interlayers for laminated safety glass with superior de-airing and laminating properties and process for making the same
JP4513204B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2010-07-28 株式会社ブリヂストン Sealing film for solar cell
JP2006134969A (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-25 Mitsui Chemical Fabro Inc Sheet for solar cell sealing
JP2011119406A (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-16 Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corp Method of manufacturing solar cell sealing sheet, and solar cell sealing sheet
CA2916667A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass
JP2015059052A (en) * 2013-09-17 2015-03-30 株式会社ブリヂストン Sheet for forming laminate, and method for producing laminate
KR102375982B1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2022-03-17 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 Interlayer film for laminated glass, and laminated glass
EP3279163A4 (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-10-24 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass
CN109983096A (en) 2016-11-24 2019-07-05 日本瑞翁株式会社 Bonding agent sheet material and laminated glass
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