JPH0369493B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention provides salt containing 0.5 to 20% by weight of amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and tryptophan;
This invention relates to a mixture mainly composed of inorganic salts such as phosphates and magnesium salts, and an amino acid/inorganic salt mixture and solid product for ruminant livestock formed by molding the same. Inorganic substances such as calcium, sodium, and magnesium are essential nutrients for livestock. Currently, the required amounts of these inorganic substances have been clarified and are shown in the feeding standards for each country. The amount of trace minerals required by cows, which was previously largely unknown, has now been revealed. Formation of skeleton and teeth as role of minerals in livestock nutrition. A component of major body substances such as cells. Maintains pH of body fluids. Maintain osmotic pressure. There are some that are common, but some that play unique roles depending on the type of inorganic material. Bone is mainly composed of calcium and phosphorus. They are also contained in large amounts in milk. For herbivorous animals such as cows, the amount of supplementation varies depending on the amount of inorganic salts contained in the grass. Therefore, strictly speaking, it is necessary to determine the content of pasture and concentrate feed. In general, grasses belonging to the leguminous family have a high calcium content, which accounts for 1.0 to 1.5% in hay, but grasses belonging to the rice family contain only 0.3 to 0.5% in hay. Calcium is usually added to formula feed for cattle at a concentration of 0.8 to 1.6%. Phosphorus is not contained in roughage, but is contained in concentrated feed, and saccharide contains 1.3 to 1.4
%, and 0.5 to 1.0% in oil and fat cakes. There is no risk of phosphorus deficiency if large amounts of concentrated feed are fed. If cattle are raised mainly on pasture harvested from calcareous soils that are low in phosphorus, and without concentrated feed, they will become deficient in phosphorus. Salt must be provided as the content in the feed is low. Also,
Ammonia, together with magnesium and phosphate in the rumen contents, forms magnesium ammonium phosphate. Since it is insoluble, it precipitates and is no longer available to animals. As a result, hypomagnesemia occurs, causing glas tetany.
In addition to these inorganic salts, other inorganic salts that are required in trace amounts include iodine, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and cobalt. Although required amounts are required for each, this is not a particular problem since the necessary amounts are usually contained in roughage. However, in the event of a deficiency, it is often mixed into compound feed. Normally, in order to increase the efficiency and profitability of livestock farming, it is recommended to calculate the inorganic salt content in roughage and concentrate feed, and add supplementary salts to concentrate feed (compound feed) if the required amount is insufficient. It is taken. However, in parts of Europe and Japan, where grazing is the main activity and the resources of the country are utilized,
In addition to replenishing inorganic salts from concentrated feed, solid salts mainly composed of inorganic salts are placed in drinking holes in pastures and livestock barns to provide replenishment through licking. In fact, there are many cases where this product is distributed on the market as a product. On the other hand, considering the higher productivity of ruminant livestock, and with the aim of achieving maximum efficiency according to each growth (production) stage, we aim to improve the protein utilization rate, and aim to improve the quantitative and qualitative improvement of protein. Various measures have been considered and are being implemented. As a way of quantitative improvement,
There are physical treatments such as crushing, pelleting, and grinding, heat treatments, and chemical protection using substances such as formaldehyde and tannins. In this case, quantitative expansion of protein means increasing the absolute amount of protein that reaches the small intestine of the host. This is the sum of body proteins of microorganisms that proliferate in the rumen and flow out to the lower part of the body, and feed proteins that have escaped decomposition in the rumen (bypass proteins). As a method for qualitative improvement, it is necessary to supplement limiting amino acids so that the amino acid composition of proteins that reach the host's small intestine satisfies the host's amino acid requirements in just the right amount. Currently, attempts are being made to protect methionine, lysine, and the like, which are usually restricted in octophagus, in order to achieve a supplementary effect without being degraded in the rumen. However, in addition to such measures to improve the protein utilization rate of feed for ruminant livestock, trials using feeding methods are also being investigated and are producing results. especially,
In addition to feeding powdered feed, feeding suspended in water has been reported to produce better results than powdered feeding at certain production stages (see, for example, Br. J. Nutr; 39:469, 1978). Therefore, it is possible to bypass the rumen of the target amino acid by ingesting the amino acid at the same time as water, but in actual livestock production, it is difficult to handle the amino acid aqueous solution as it poses problems in terms of storage stability. Have difficulty. Under these circumstances, the present inventors focused on solid salt, which has been considered and put into practical use as a method of supplementing inorganic salts both domestically and internationally, and used this salt to feed ruminant livestock in the form of a mixture of 0.5 to 20% by weight of amino acids. The present invention has been completed based on the discovery that when the mixture is fed to ruminant livestock or ruminant livestock in a molded form, it is effective in raising the amino acid in serum amino acids and improving breeding performance. The amino acids and inorganic salts used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are feed-grade amino acids and inorganic salts that are normally used as feed additives. Examples of amino acids include lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, glutamic acid, and glycine. These amino acids are optically active forms (L),
Any of ceramiform (DL) may be used, and hydrochloride,
It may be in the form of an acid addition salt such as acetate or an alkali salt such as sodium salt or ammonium salt. Examples of inorganic salts include common salt, magnesium salts (e.g. magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium acetate,
Examples include magnesium lactate, magnesium phosphate, etc.) and phosphates (eg, tricalcium phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate), and the like. The amount of amino acids to be blended may be 0.5 to 20% by weight based on inorganic salts such as common salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, etc. By uniformly mixing these, or by pouring the mixture into a mold and compressing it. By doing so, the desired product can be obtained. The molding pressure of compression molding operation is 1420-1590Kg/cm ² at room temperature.
It is. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples. Example 1 (1) Preparation method of inorganic salt/amino acid mixture and solids Salt (NaCl) 3000g, magnesium chloride (MgCl ₂ 6H ₂ O) 1000g, tricalcium phosphate (Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ ) 2000g, Manganese chloride (MnCl _{2.4H 2} O) 2.5g, cobalt sulfate (CoSO _{4.7H 2} O) 1g, copper sulfate (CuSO ₄ .
5H ₂ O) 1g, DL-methionine 200g, L-lysine hydrochloride 250g mixed and homogenized,
Alternatively, this mixture was compression molded using a hydraulic press to obtain a solid material. (It is called methionine/lysine added solid salt.) As a control, the combination of DL-methionine and L-lysine hydrochloride was
Solid salt (referred to as amino acid non-solid salt) substituted with starch (manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) was prepared and used. (2) Animal test 6 Holstein male calves were divided into 2 groups of 3 animals each, the group receiving solid salt without amino acids added (group 1) and the group receiving solid salt added with methionine and lysine (group 2).
group). The test cows were raised from 6 weeks old (weaned) to 23 weeks old. The feeds were a commercially available compound feed for lactating calves (6 to 16 weeks of age) and a commercially available compound feed for infant calves (17 to 23 weeks of age), as well as hay. The feed amount was 1.2 kg/head/day at the start of the test (6 weeks old) and 0.1 kg/head/day every 2 weeks.
The amount was increased by kg. The amount of salary at 16 weeks of age is
The weight was 1.7Kg/head/day. Fixed amount of 1.5Kg/head/day from 17 weeks of age until 23 weeks of age

[Table] Feed
Early childhood 14.6 22.6 5.74 4.68 5.93

feed

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An amino acid for ruminant livestock that is prepared by mixing an inorganic salt consisting of common salt, calcium phosphate, and magnesium chloride with 0.5 to 20% by weight of an amino acid.
Inorganic salt mixture. 2. The mixture according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of an inorganic salt and an amino acid is a molded solid. 3. The mixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amino acid is at least one of lysine, methionine, and tryptophan.