JPH0356637B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a new toner for developing electrostatic images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like. [Prior art] Conventionally, as an electrophotographic method, U.S. Patent No. 2297691
No., Special Publication No. 42-23910 and Special Publication No. 43-24748
Various methods are described in publications such as
They essentially provide a uniform electrostatic charge on a photoconductive insulator layer, form an electrostatic latent image by irradiating the insulator layer with a light image, and then transfer the latent image to a toner by the technique. The powder image is developed and visualized using a fine powder called .Then, the powder image is transferred to paper or the like as necessary, and then fixed by heating, pressure, solvent vapor, or the like. The developing methods applied to these electrophotographic methods can be roughly divided into dry developing methods and wet developing methods. The former method is further divided into a method using a two-component developer and a method using a single-component developer. Two-component developing methods include a magnetic brush method using an iron powder carrier, a cascade method using a bead carrier, a fur brush method using fur, etc., depending on the type of carrier for conveying the toner. Furthermore, the one-component development methods include the powder cloud method, in which toner particles are made into a mist, and the contact development method, in which toner particles are brought into direct contact with the electrostatic latent image surface for development. (also referred to as toner development), a jumping development method in which toner particles are not brought into direct contact with the electrostatic latent image surface, but are charged and flown toward the latent image surface by the electric field of the electrostatic latent image; There is the MagneDry method, which develops by bringing a conductive toner into contact with an electrostatic development surface. As toners applied to these developing methods, fine powders in which dyes and pigments are dispersed in natural or synthetic resins have conventionally been used. For example, particles obtained by dispersing a colorant in a binder resin such as polystyrene and pulverizing the particles to about 1 to 30 μm are used as toner. Furthermore, magnetic toners containing magnetic particles such as magnetite instead of or in addition to the above-mentioned paints or pigments are used. In the case of a system using a so-called two-component developer, the toner is usually mixed with carrier particles such as glass beads and iron powder. Further, the toner is made to hold a positive or negative charge depending on the polarity of the electrostatic latent image to be developed. In order to make the toner hold an electric charge, it is also possible to utilize the triboelectricity of the resin that is a component of the toner, but in this method, the toner's chargeability is small, so the image obtained by development is prone to fogging.
It becomes unclear. Therefore, in order to impart desired triboelectric chargeability to the toner, dyes and pigments that impart chargeability, as well as charge control agents, are added. Charge control agents known in the art today include the following: (1) Things that control the toner to be positively charged: nigrosine, azine dye containing an alkyl group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1627/1983), basic dye (for example, CIBasic Yellow 2 (C.
I.41000), CIBasic Yellow 3, CI Basic
Red 1 (CI 45160), CI Basic Red 9 (C.
I.42500), CI Basic Violet 1 (CI 42535),
CI Basic Violet 3 (CI 42555) CI Basic
Violet 10 (CI 45170), CI Basic Violet 14
(CI 42510), CI Basic Blue 1 (CI
42025), CI Basic Blue 3 (CI 51005), CI
Bsic Blue 5 (CI 42140), CI Basic Blue
7 (CI 42595), CI Basic Blue 9 (CI
52015), CI Basic Blue 24 (CI 52030), CI
Basic Blue 25 (CI 52025), CI Basic Blue
26 (CI 44045), CI Basic Green 1 (CI
42040), CI Basic Green 4 (CI 42000), C.
I. 42510, CI 45170, etc.; Lake pigments of these basic dyes (lake-forming agents include phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungsten molybdic acid, tannic acid, lauric acid, gallic acid, ferricyanide, ferrocyanide) ); CI Solvent Black 3 (CI
26150), Hansa Yellow G (CI 11680), CI
Mordlant Black 11, CI Pigment Black
1. Gilsonite, asphalt, etc.; Quaternary ammonium salts, such as benzylmethyl-hexadecyl ammonium chloride, decyl-trimethylammonium chloride; organotin compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, metal salts of higher fatty acids, glass, mica, zinc oxide, etc. Inorganic fine powder; polyamine resins such as EDTA, metal complexes of acetylacetone, vinyl polymers containing amino groups, condensation polymers containing amino groups, etc. (2) Controlling toner to have negative chargeability: Japanese Patent Publications No. 41-20153, No. 43-27596, No. 44-
Metal complex salts of monoazo dyes described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6397, Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-26478, etc.; described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-42752, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-41508, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-7384, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-7385, etc. metal complexes of salicylic acid, naphthoic acid, and dicarboxylic acids such as Co, Cr, and Fe; sulfonated copper phthalocyanine pigments; styrene oligomers with nitro groups and halogens; chlorinated paraffins, melamine resins, etc. However, as mentioned above, the use of conventional charge control agents still has many problems that need to be improved. That is, many of these charge control agents are derived from dyes and pigments, and generally have complex structures, inconsistent properties, poor stability, and strong coloring properties. Recently, there are some proposals that are different from those mentioned above,
In most cases, dye and pigment charge control agents are used, although they have many disadvantages as described below. In other words, these charge control agents are usually added to the thermoplastic resin that is the binder resin of the toner and are contained in the toner prepared through processes such as hot melt dispersion, pulverization, and classification. In the process, the dye and pigment type charge control agents described above often cause problems. For example, as mentioned above,
These charge control agents have poor stability as substances and are easily decomposed or deteriorated due to decomposition during thermal kneading, mechanical impact, friction, changes in temperature and humidity conditions, etc., resulting in a phenomenon in which charge controllability is reduced. easy. Furthermore, when a toner containing these dyes and pigments as a charge control agent is developed using a copying machine, the charge control agent decomposes or changes in quality as the number of copies increases.
May cause toner deterioration during repeated copying operations. Furthermore, since it is extremely difficult to uniformly disperse these charge control agents in thermoplastic resins, they pose the fatal problem of causing differences in the amount of frictional charge between toner particles obtained by pulverization. have. For this reason, conventionally, in order to achieve more uniform dispersion,
Various methods have been used. For example, basic nigrosine paints are used by forming salts with higher fatty acids in order to improve compatibility with thermoplastic resins, but unreacted fatty acids or salt dispersion products often form on the toner surface. When exposed, it contaminates the carrier or toner carrier, causing a decrease in toner fluidity, fog, and a decrease in image density. Alternatively, in order to improve the dispersion of these charge control agents into the resin, a method has also been adopted in which charge control agent powder and resin powder are mechanically pulverized and mixed in advance and then hot melt-kneaded. However, the inherent poor dispersion cannot be avoided, and at present, sufficient uniformity of charge has not yet been obtained for practical use. Moreover, most of the substances generally known as charge control agents have a dark color, and there is a problem in that they cannot be incorporated into bright chromatic color developers. In addition, many charge control agents are hydrophilic, and due to poor dispersion in these resins, after melt-kneading,
When crushed, the dye is exposed on the toner surface. Therefore, when the toner is used under high humidity conditions, it has the disadvantage that a good quality image cannot be obtained because these charge control agents are hydrophilic. In this way, when conventional charge control agents are used in toner, charge control agents are generated on the surface of toner particles between toner particles, between toner and carrier, or between toner and toner carriers such as sleeves. This causes variations in the amount of charge generated, and problems such as development fog, toner scattering, and carrier contamination are likely to occur. Further, this failure becomes a noticeable phenomenon when repeated multiple times, resulting in a result that is practically unsuitable for copying machines. Furthermore, under high humidity conditions, the transfer efficiency of toner images decreases significantly, and many of them become unusable. Even at room temperature and humidity, when the toner is stored for a long period of time, it often undergoes deterioration due to the instability of the charge control agent used and becomes unusable due to poor charging properties. Furthermore, when conventional charge control agents are used in toners, long-term use may cause the charge control agents to adhere to the surface of the photoreceptor or promote toner adhesion, adversely affecting latent image formation (felting phenomenon). There are many things that have a negative effect on the cleaning process of a copying machine, such as those that cause scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor or cleaning members such as cleaning blades, or accelerate wear of the members. Furthermore, when conventional charge control agents are used in toners, many of them have a large effect on the thermal melting properties of the toners and reduce fixing performance. In particular, there are some that worsen the high-temperature offset performance, increase the clinging of the transfer paper to the roller during heat roll fixing, and shorten the durable life of the roller. As described above, conventional charge control agents have many drawbacks, and there is a strong demand in the technical field to improve these, and although many improvement techniques have been proposed, they are still not practical. The reality is that nothing that is comprehensively satisfying has been found. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a new technique for toner charge control that overcomes these problems. A more specific object of the present invention is to stabilize the amount of frictional charge between toner particles, between a toner and a carrier, or between a toner and a toner carrier such as a sleeve in the case of one-component development, and to achieve a distribution of frictional power failure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a positively charged toner which has a sharp and uniform charge and can be controlled to a charge amount suitable for the developing system used. Still another object is to use a developer for faithfully developing and transferring the latent image, i.e., without toner adhesion in the background area during development, without fogging, and without toner scattering around the edges of the latent image. The object of the present invention is to provide a positively charged toner that provides high image density and good halftone reproducibility. Still another object is to provide a positively charged toner that maintains its initial characteristics even when the developer is used continuously over a long period of time, and that does not cause toner aggregation or change in charging characteristics. Another purpose is to produce positively charged toner that reproduces stable images unaffected by changes in temperature and humidity, and in particular, toner with high transfer efficiency that does not cause scattering or transfer omissions during transfer at high or low humidity. An object of the present invention is to provide a chargeable toner. Still another object is to provide a positively charged toner having bright chromatic colors. Still another object is to provide a positively charged toner with excellent storage stability that maintains its initial characteristics even after long-term storage. Still another object is to provide a positively charged toner that is easy to clean and does not stain, abrade, or scratch the electrostatic latent image surface. Still another object is to provide a developer having good fixing properties, especially a sexually charged toner that does not cause problems with high temperature offset. [Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention is an electrophotographic toner used for developing an electrostatic image, and is characterized by containing a triazine derivative represented by the following general formula []. The present invention relates to a positively charged toner for developing electrostatic images. [In the formula, R ₁ represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and R ₂ and R ₃ represent a hydrogen atom or

[Formula] may be the same or different. ] The present inventors have discovered that the compound represented by the general formula [] is thermally and temporally stable, has low hygroscopicity, and has high quality charge control that provides a toner with excellent electrophotographic properties when included in a toner. found that it is a drug. Typical specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula [] include the following. Various methods for synthesizing triazines are known, for example, J.Am.Chem.Soc., 76 , 632,
(1954); J.Chem.Soc., 1947 , 154; CA, 43 ,
238 (1948); CA, 45 , 2513, (1951); J.Org.
Chem., 17 , 1162 (1952); Chem.Ber., 87 , 1865
(1954); Science, 121 , 61 (1955), etc. For example, compound example (1) is synthesized by the reaction of cyanuric chloride and p-toluidine. Generally, it is preferable that the above-mentioned compound is used in toner preparation as a particle size having an average diameter in the range of 10 to 0.01 μm, particularly 2 to 0.1 μm. The toner of the present invention can be obtained by blending the above triazine derivative into a toner (colored fine powder) containing a binder resin and a colorant as essential components. As for the blending form, there is a so-called internal addition form in which the compound is encapsulated in the toner uniformly or in a capsule form, and a so-called internal addition form in which the compound is mixed and attached to the toner. Any of the so-called externally added forms can be adopted. When internally added, the amount of triazine derivative used is:
It is determined by the toner manufacturing method including the type of binder resin, the presence or absence of additives used as necessary, and the dispersion method, and is generally not limited, but preferably the binder resin 0.1 to 40 parts by weight (more preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight) per 100 parts by weight
Used within the range of In addition, when adding externally, for 100 parts by weight of resin,
0.01 to 10 parts by weight is desirable. Note that, if necessary, a conventionally known charge control agent may be used in combination with the charge control agent of the present invention. As the binder resin for the toner, monopolymers of styrene and its substituted products such as polystyrene, polyp-chlorostyrene, and polyvinyltoluene; styrene-p-chlorostyrene copolymers, styrene-propylene copolymers, styrene-vinyl Toluene copolymer, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-
Ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer,
Styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-α-methyl chloromethacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-
Vinyl methyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl ethyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-indene copolymer, styrene- Styrenic copolymers such as maleic acid copolymers and styrene-maleic ester copolymers; polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, epoxy resins , polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid resin, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin, paraffin wax, etc. Can be used in combination. The following binder resins suitable for pressure fixing can be used alone or in combination. Polyolefin (low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, polyethylene oxide, poly 4
fluorinated ethylene, etc.), epoxy resin, polyester resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer (monomer ratio 5-30:95-70), olefin copolymer (ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer) ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionomer resin), polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl vinyl ether, maleic anhydride copolymer Coalescence, maleic acid modified phenolic resin, phenol modified terpene resin. Coloring agents include carbon black, lamp black, iron black, ultramarine blue, nigrosine dye, aniline blue, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, Hansa Yellow G, rhodamine 6G lake, calco oil blue, chrome yellow, quinacridone, benzodi yellow, rose bengal, Conventionally known dyes and pigments such as triallylmethane dyes, monoazo dyes, and disazo dyes and pigments can be used alone or in combination. Furthermore, the toner of the present invention can further contain a magnetic material and be used as a magnetic toner. The magnetic materials contained in the magnetic toner of the present invention include iron oxides such as magnetite and ferrite; metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel; and aluminum, cobalt, copper, and metals of these metals.
Lead, magnesium, tin, zinc, antimony, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium,
Examples include alloys of metals such as manganese, selenium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, and mixtures thereof. These ferromagnetic materials preferably have an average particle size of about 0.1 to 2 μm, and the amount to be included in the toner is approximately 20 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin component, particularly preferably 100 parts by weight of the resin component. 40 to 150 parts by weight. The toner of the present invention may contain additives other than those mentioned above, if necessary. Examples of additives include lubricants such as Teflon and zinc stearate, abrasives such as cerium oxide and silicon carbide, flow agents such as colloidal silica and aluminum oxide, anti-caking agents, and carbon black and oxidation agents. Examples include conductivity imparting agents such as tin, and fixing aids such as low molecular weight polyethylene. To produce the toner for developing electrostatic images according to the present invention, the triazine derivative according to the present invention is mixed with the above-mentioned binder resin, a pigment or dye as a coloring agent, and if necessary, a magnetic material, additives, etc. in a ball mill. Pigments or dyes are dispersed or dissolved in the molten resin by thoroughly mixing with another mixer, then melting and kneading with a heat kneader such as a heating roll, kneader, or extruder, and after cooling and solidifying. By crushing and classifying, a toner with an average particle size of 5 to 20 microns can be obtained. Alternatively, the material can be obtained by dispersing the material in a binder resin solution and then spray-drying it, or by mixing the specified material with the monomers that should constitute the binder resin to form an emulsified suspension and then polymerizing it. Methods such as a polymerization method and a toner production method for obtaining a toner can be applied. Furthermore, as described above, the toner of the present invention can also be obtained by externally adding a charge control agent to a toner that has been formed by removing all or part of the charge control agent. Toners prepared by these methods can be used for developing to visualize electrostatic images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, etc. by any conventionally known means. [Examples] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to Examples. Example 1 Styrene/butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: approx. 300,000) 100 parts by weight Carbon black (Mitsubishi #44) 10 parts by weight Low molecular weight polyethylene wax 2 parts by weight Above example (1) ) Compound 2 parts by weight After mixing the above ingredients well in a blender, at 150°C.
The mixture was kneaded using two heated rolls. After allowing the kneaded mixture to cool naturally, it is coarsely pulverized using a cutter mill, then pulverized using a pulverizer using a jet air stream, and further classified using an air classifier to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of 5 to 20μ (positively charged). (sex toner) was obtained. A developer was prepared by kneading 5 parts of the positively charged toner with 100 parts of iron powder carrier having an average particle size of 50 to 80 μm. Further, the amount of triboelectric charge of the toner in the developer was measured by a conventional blow-off method. Next, a negative electrostatic image is formed on the OPC photoconductor using a conventionally known electrophotographic method, and this is powder developed using the above developer using a magnetic brush method to create a toner image, which is transferred to plain paper. The film was then heat-fixed. The resulting transferred image had a sufficiently high density of 1.34, had no fogging, and had no toner scattering around the image, resulting in a good image with high resolution. Transfer images were continuously created using the above developer to examine durability, but the transferred images after 30,000 sheets were also completely dull compared to the initial images. Further, during durability, no filming development related to toner was observed on the photoreceptor, and no problems were found in the cleaning process. Furthermore, there were no troubles during the fixing process, and at the end of the durability test of 30,000 sheets, after fixing, there were no scratches or damage to the rollers, and there was almost no staining due to offset toner, so there were no problems at all in practical use. In addition, when the environmental conditions were set to 35℃ and 85%, the image density was 1.27, a value that was almost unchanged from normal temperature and humidity, and clear images were obtained without fogging or scattering, and the durability was almost unchanged up to 30,000 sheets. I was bored. Next, a transferred image was obtained at a low temperature of 15° C. and low humidity of 10%, and the image density was as high as 1.30, solid black was developed and transferred extremely smoothly, and the image was excellent with no scattering or hollow spots. Although it was durable under these environmental conditions, it was copied continuously and intermittently,
After all, the density fluctuation was ±0.2 up to 30,000 sheets, which was sufficient for practical use. Comparative Example 1 In place of 2 parts of the compound in Example (1) above, nigrosine dye (Nigrosine base manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used.
A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2 parts of EX) was used, and images were obtained in the same manner by performing development, transfer, and fixing. At room temperature and humidity, there is little fog, but the image density is 1.06.
The line drawings were scattered, and the solid black was noticeably rough. I checked the durability and the density was 0.83 after 30,000 sheets.
and decreased. Also, during durability, after about 10,000 sheets, the surface of the photoreceptor,
The toner material formed a film in the form of thin stripes, which appeared as lines on the image. This is so-called filming, and is thought to be due to the charge control agent changing the lubricity of the toner powder. Furthermore, during durability, the fixed image tended to get caught up in the fixing roller during the fixing process, and there was difficulty in peeling it off from the roller. When images were obtained at 35°C and 85%, the image density was as low as 0.88, and fogging, scattering, and roughness increased. Transfer efficiency was also low. When an image was obtained under conditions of 15°C and 10%, the image density was as low as 0.91, and there was severe scattering, fogging, roughness, and transfer omissions. Continuous image production was performed, but the density became 0.53 after about 30,000 sheets, making it impractical. Example 2 Styrene/butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: approx. 300,000) 100 parts by weight Triiron tetroxide EPT-500 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 60 parts by weight Low molecular weight polypropylene wax 2 weight Compound of Example (1) 2 parts by weight After mixing the above materials well in a blender, 150°C
The mixture was kneaded using two rolls heated to . After allowing the kneaded mixture to cool naturally, it is coarsely pulverized using a cutter mill, then pulverized using a pulverizer using a jet air stream, and further classified using an air classifier to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of 5 to 20μ (positively charged). (sex toner) was obtained. Next, 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic colloidal silica was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the positively charged toner using a sample mill to prepare a one-component magnetic toner. Comparative Example 2 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 2 parts by weight of dimethylbenzylhexadecyl ammonium chloride was used instead of 2 parts by weight of the compound of Example (1), and an image was obtained in the same manner. Ta. At room temperature and humidity, there was little fog, but the image density was low at 0.81, line drawings were scattered, and solid blacks were noticeably rough. We investigated the durability and found that the density decreased to 0.48 after 30,000 sheets. Further, the problems in the filming development and fixing steps during durability were almost the same as in Comparative Example 1 and were undesirable. When an image was obtained under conditions of 35° C. and 85%, the image density was as low as 0.72, and fogging, scattering, and roughness increased, making it unusable. Transfer efficiency was also low. When an image was obtained under conditions of 15°C and 10%, the image density was as low as 0.73, and there was severe scattering, fogging, roughness, and noticeable transfer omissions. I tried to make continuous images, but the density was 0.59 at 30,000 images.
This made it impractical. Example 3 Styrene/butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: approximately 300,000) 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Low molecular weight polypropylene wax 2 parts by weight Compound of Example (1) 2 Parts by weight After mixing the above ingredients well in a blender, 150℃
The mixture was kneaded using two heated rolls. After allowing the kneaded mixture to cool naturally, it is coarsely pulverized using a cutter mill, then pulverized using a pulverizer using a jet air stream, and further classified using an air classifier to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of 5 to 20μ (positively charged). (sex toner) was obtained. Further, the amount of triboelectric charge of the toner was measured by a conventional blow-off method. Next, 50 g of carrier iron powder having a particle size of 50 to 80 μm was mixed with 100 parts of the toner to prepare a developer. This developer was put into a developer container 1 of a developing device shown in FIG. 1, and a developing operation was performed. That is, in this device, at the lower opening of the container 1,
A cylindrical toner carrier 2 made of stainless steel with a roughened surface was housed so as to substantially close this, and was rotated in the direction of arrow a at a circumferential speed of 66 mm/sec. On the other hand, an iron blade 3 whose tip is placed 200 μm from the sleeve surface is placed at the outlet on the downstream side in the rotational direction of the sleeve 2 of the container 1, and a fixed magnet 4 is placed inside the sleeve 2. The N pole, which is the main magnetic pole, was arranged so that the angle θ between the line connecting the N pole and the center of the sleeve and the center of the sleeve and the tip of the blade 3 was 30°. Under these conditions, as the sleeve 2 rotates,
Inside the container 1, a magnetic brush 5 is formed by carrier iron powder contained in the developer. The toner circulates around the periphery of the sleeve 2 below the toner 1, forming a thin layer 16 of toner on the surface of the sleeve 2 that has passed through the blade 3. In this example, the toner thin layer of about 80 μm thick thus formed is used in the developing section (nearest section) to face each other at an interval of about 300 μm.
A negative electrostatic image of -600V and -1500V in the dark area was developed on the photoreceptor drum 7 rotating in the direction of arrow b at a circumferential speed of 60 mm/sec. At this time, a bias voltage having a frequency of 800 Hz, a peak-to-peak value of 1.4 KV, and a center value of -300 V was applied between the sleeve 2 and the photosensitive drum 7 by the power source 8. When image printing was carried out in this manner, a good image with a bright blue color was obtained, and after printing 1500 images, even if the toner/carrier ratio was 10 parts by weight - 50 parts by weight, There was almost no change in image density, and good images were obtained even after printing up to 30,000 sheets while replenishing toner. Normal temperature-normal humidity (25℃,
Tables 1 and 2 summarize the evaluation results under various environmental conditions: 60% RH), high temperature and high humidity (35°C, 85% RH), and low temperature and low humidity (15°C, 10% RH). The evaluation results for each example and comparative example are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[Table] ○ Good, △ Slightly poor, × Poor

[Table] ○ Good, ○△ Fairly good, △ Fairly poor, ×
Defects [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the toner of the present invention containing the above compound as a charge control agent has a uniform amount of frictional charge between toner particles, and the amount of charge can be easily controlled. In addition, the toner is extremely stable as it does not change in quality during use and the amount of triboelectric charge does not vary or decrease. This eliminates problems such as development fog, toner scattering, and contamination of electrophotographic photosensitive materials and copying machines, as described above, and also reduces toner aggregation, clumping, and low-temperature fluidity during storage, which were major problems in the past. It is a toner that can be stored for a long time without causing any problems, and the toner image has excellent abrasion resistance, fixing properties, and adhesion properties. The excellent effects of these toners include charging, exposure,
When used in a repetitive transfer copying system in which development and transfer operations are continuously repeated, the effect is even more magnified. Further, since there is little color tone disturbance caused by the charge control agent, when used as a color electrophotographic toner, it is possible to form a color image with excellent colors.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a developing device suitable for applying the toner according to the present invention. 1... Developer container, 2... Toner carrier, 3...
... Doctor blade, 4 ... Fixed magnet, 5 ... Magnetic brush, 6 ... Toner, 7 ... Electrostatic latent image carrier, 16 ... Thin layer toner.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A positively charged toner for electrophotographic development, which is characterized in that it contains a triazine derivative represented by the following general formula []. . [In the formula, R ₁ represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R ₂ and R ₃ represent a hydrogen atom or [Formula], and may be the same or different. ]