JPH0352363B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0352363B2 JPH0352363B2 JP60169696A JP16969685A JPH0352363B2 JP H0352363 B2 JPH0352363 B2 JP H0352363B2 JP 60169696 A JP60169696 A JP 60169696A JP 16969685 A JP16969685 A JP 16969685A JP H0352363 B2 JPH0352363 B2 JP H0352363B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- pipe
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
＜産業上の利用分野＞
この発明は、自動車内を冷房及び暖房する自動
車用の冷暖房装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an air conditioning system for an automobile that cools and heats the inside of an automobile.
＜従来の技術＞
自動車用の暖房装置として温水式のカーヒータ
があり、また、冷房装置としてカークーラがあ
る。上記温水式のカーヒータは、ヒータコアとし
ての熱交換器に、エンジンの冷却水の一部を循環
させてヒータコアに送風し、ヒータコアを通過す
る空気を冷却水の熱で暖めて車内の暖房を行うも
のである。ヒータコアの構造は、複数本のチユー
ブ間に複数のコルゲートフインを配置し、チユー
ブの両端にヘツダータンクを設け、これらをロウ
付けしたものである。また、カークーラは、冷媒
を圧縮器で圧縮して高温高圧の気体とし、この気
体を複数の流体通路を形成したアルミニウム製押
出しチユーブを蛇行状に成形し、平行するチユー
ブ間にフインを配置してロウ付けしたコンデンサ
（凝縮器）としての熱交換器で外気により冷却し
て液化させ、この液体となつた冷媒が車内に設け
たエバポレータ（蒸発器）で気体に戻るときの気
体熱により車内の熱を奪つて冷房している。エバ
ポレータも熱交換器で、上記コンデンサと同様
に、蛇行状のチユーブに多数のフインを設け、チ
ユーブ内に冷媒を通して、フインを介して冷媒と
空気との間で熱交換を行うものである。<Prior Art> There is a hot water type car heater as a heating device for a car, and a car cooler as a cooling device. The hot water type car heater described above circulates a portion of engine cooling water through a heat exchanger serving as a heater core, blows air to the heater core, and warms the air passing through the heater core with the heat of the cooling water to heat the interior of the car. It is. The heater core has a structure in which a plurality of corrugated fins are arranged between a plurality of tubes, header tanks are provided at both ends of the tubes, and these are brazed together. In addition, car coolers are made by compressing refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas using a compressor, forming extruded aluminum tubes with multiple fluid passages into a serpentine shape, and placing fins between the parallel tubes. A heat exchanger that acts as a brazed condenser is used to cool and liquefy the refrigerant with outside air, and when this liquid refrigerant returns to gas in an evaporator installed inside the car, the gas heat releases heat inside the car. The air conditioner is being cooled by taking away the air conditioner. The evaporator is also a heat exchanger, and like the condenser described above, a large number of fins are provided in a meandering tube, a refrigerant is passed through the tube, and heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and air via the fins.
＜発明が解決しようとする問題点＞
従来は暖房装置と冷房装置とを夫々別々に設置
しているので、装置の費用がかさみ、夫々の熱交
換器が車内やエンジンルームのスペースをとつて
不経済である。<Problems to be solved by the invention> Conventionally, the heating system and the cooling system were installed separately, which increased the cost of the equipment, and the heat exchangers for each took up space inside the car and the engine compartment. It's the economy.
また、従来の温水式のカーヒータはエンジンの
冷却水の一部をヒータコアに循環させているの
で、冷却水が昇温していないエンジンの始動直後
から暫くの間は熱量不足となり暖房が効かず、冷
却水が昇温するまでの間は寒い。また、デイーゼ
ルエンジンの場合には暖気運転に更に時間を要
し、昇温に時間がかかつてやはり寒い。一方、寒
冷地では上記温水式のカーヒータのみでは熱量不
足のため、補助ヒータが必要になつている。 In addition, conventional hot water type car heaters circulate part of the engine's cooling water through the heater core, so for a while after the engine starts, when the cooling water has not yet risen in temperature, there is a lack of heat and the heating does not work. It remains cold until the cooling water heats up. Also, in the case of a diesel engine, it takes more time to warm up the engine, and it takes longer to heat up, which means that the engine is still cold. On the other hand, in cold regions, the hot water type car heater alone does not provide enough heat, so an auxiliary heater is required.
更に、従来のカークーラで冷媒の循環を逆転さ
せて、冷房装置におけるコンデンサを暖房装置の
エバポレータとして、また冷房装置におけるエバ
ポレータを暖房装置のコンデンサとして作用させ
ると、ヒートポンプ式の暖房装置とすることがで
きるが、従来の冷房装置におけるコンデンサを単
に暖房装置のエバポレータとして作用させたので
は充分な吸熱（冷媒の加熱）を行うことができ
ず、暖房装置として充分に機能しない。 Furthermore, if the refrigerant circulation in a conventional car cooler is reversed so that the condenser in the cooling device acts as the evaporator in the heating device, and the evaporator in the cooling device acts as the condenser in the heating device, a heat pump type heating device can be created. However, if the condenser in a conventional cooling device is simply used as an evaporator in a heating device, sufficient heat absorption (heating of the refrigerant) cannot be performed, and the device does not function satisfactorily as a heating device.
＜問題点を解決するための手段＞
本発明は、上記に鑑みなされたもので、自動車
の室内側にフインを有する第１熱交換器を室内空
気と熱交換可能に設置し、車体の外気と熱交換可
能な位置にフインを有する第２熱交換器を設置
し、上記第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器との間をパ
イプで連結すると共に冷媒を封入して冷媒の循環
路を形成し、この冷媒をパイプの途中に設けたコ
ンプレツサにより循環させるようにした自動車の
冷暖房装置において、上記第２熱交換器には２系
統の流体が通過可能なように２種類の通路を有す
る複合チユーブを設け、上記パイプの途中にはコ
ンプレツサによる冷媒の循環方向を逆転可能なバ
ルブを設置して、冷媒を上記第２熱交換器の一方
の通路に通すと共に、エンジンから延在する排気
管の外気にはヒートパイプの受熱部を形成し、該
ヒートパイプの放熱部を上記第２熱交換器の他の
通路に作動流体を通すことにより冷媒と熱交換可
能に形成し、上記ヒートパイプの途中には作動流
体の閉止弁を設けて、上記バルブ及び閉止弁の操
作により第２熱交換器において冷媒をエンジン排
熱により加熱可能としたものである。<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and includes a first heat exchanger having fins installed on the interior side of an automobile so as to be able to exchange heat with the indoor air, and a first heat exchanger having fins installed on the interior side of the automobile so as to be able to exchange heat with the outside air of the vehicle body. A second heat exchanger having fins is installed at a position where heat can be exchanged, and a pipe connects the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and a refrigerant is sealed therein to form a refrigerant circulation path. In an automobile air conditioning system in which this refrigerant is circulated by a compressor installed in the middle of a pipe, the second heat exchanger has a composite tube having two types of passages so that two types of fluid can pass through. A valve capable of reversing the circulation direction of the refrigerant by the compressor is installed in the middle of the pipe to allow the refrigerant to pass through one passage of the second heat exchanger, and to pass the refrigerant through the outside air of the exhaust pipe extending from the engine. The heat receiving part of the heat pipe is formed, and the heat dissipating part of the heat pipe is formed so as to be able to exchange heat with the refrigerant by passing the working fluid through the other passage of the second heat exchanger, and the heat pipe is formed in the middle of the heat pipe. A shutoff valve for the working fluid is provided, and the refrigerant can be heated by the engine exhaust heat in the second heat exchanger by operating the valve and the shutoff valve.
＜作用＞
バルブを操作して、冷媒を第１熱交換器から第
２熱交換器、コンプレツサ、第１熱熱交換器へと
循環するようにすると、第１熱交換器は暖房装置
のコンデンサとして、第２熱交換器はエバポレー
タとして作用し、冷媒は、第２熱交換器において
ヒートパイプを介して供給されるエンジンの高温
排熱を複合チユーブの壁を通して吸熱気化し、コ
ンプレツサで加圧されて第１熱交換器に圧送さ
れ、第１熱交換器において放熱して車内の暖房を
行うと共に液化して第２熱交換器へと戻る。ま
た、バルブを操作して冷媒が上記とは逆に第１熱
交換器からコンプレツサ、第２熱交換器、第１熱
交換器へと循環するようにすれば、第１熱交換器
は冷房装置のエバポレータとして、第２熱交換器
はコンデンサとして夫々作用し、冷媒は、コンプ
レツサで圧縮液化し、第２熱交換器において外気
で冷却され、第１熱交換器において車内の暖かい
空気に触れて気化し、気化熱により車内の冷房を
行うと共にコンプレツサに戻る。<Function> When the valve is operated to circulate the refrigerant from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, compressor, and first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger functions as a condenser for the heating device. , the second heat exchanger acts as an evaporator, and the refrigerant absorbs and vaporizes the high-temperature exhaust heat of the engine supplied through the heat pipe in the second heat exchanger through the wall of the composite tube, and is pressurized by the compressor. It is fed under pressure to the first heat exchanger, where it radiates heat to heat the interior of the car, and is liquefied and returned to the second heat exchanger. Alternatively, if the refrigerant is circulated from the first heat exchanger to the compressor, second heat exchanger, and first heat exchanger by operating the valve, the first heat exchanger can be used in the cooling system. The refrigerant is compressed and liquefied in the compressor, cooled by the outside air in the second heat exchanger, and exposed to the warm air inside the vehicle in the first heat exchanger. The heat of vaporization cools the inside of the car and returns to the compressor.
＜実施例＞
本発明の冷暖房装置は、第１図に示すように二
つの循環路を有し、一つは第１熱交換器１、第２
熱交換器２及びコンプレツサ３を結んだ循環路Ａ
で、この循環路Ａには冷媒が循環する。他の一つ
はエンジン４から延在する排気管６の外周に巻成
した受熱部５と上記第２熱交換器２とを結んだ循
環路Ｂで、この循環路Ｂにはヒートパイプの作動
流体が循環する。これらの循環路Ａと循環路Ｂと
は、第２熱交換器２において熱交換可能に接触し
ている。<Example> The air conditioning system of the present invention has two circulation paths as shown in FIG.
Circulation path A connecting heat exchanger 2 and compressor 3
A refrigerant circulates in this circulation path A. The other one is a circulation path B that connects the heat receiving part 5 wound around the outer circumference of the exhaust pipe 6 extending from the engine 4 and the second heat exchanger 2. Fluid circulates. These circulation path A and circulation path B are in contact with each other in the second heat exchanger 2 so as to be able to exchange heat.
循環路Ａは、車内側の例えばダツシユボード下
部に室内空気と熱交換可能に設置した第１熱交換
器１の出口部１0と、フロントグリル付近など空
気の流通のよい位置に外気と熱交換可能に設置し
た第２熱交換器２の入口部２iとをパイプP1で連
結し、第２熱交換器２の出口部２0とコンプレツ
サ３の入口部３iとをバルブV1を介してパイプP2
で連結し、コンプレツサ３の出口部３0と第１熱
交換器の入口部１iをバルブV2を介してパイプP3
で連結すると共に、パイプP2の途中からパイプ
P4を分岐し、パイプP4の先端をバルブV3を介し
てコンプレツサ３の出口部３0とバルブV2との間
に連結し、更にコンプレツサ３の入口部３iとバ
ルブV1との間からパイプP5を分岐し、パイプP5
の先端をバルブV4を介してパイプP3の途中に連
結して構成する。そして、上記バルブV1とバル
ブV2を共に開放し、バルブV3とバルブV4を共に
閉止すると、冷媒は、第１図中に〓印で示すよう
に、第１熱交換器１、第２熱交換器２、コンプレ
ツサ３、第１熱交換器１の順に循環する。一方、
前記バルブV1とバルブV2を共に閉止し、バルブ
V3とバルブV4を共に開放すると、コンプレツサ
３の定方向性にかかわらず、冷媒は、上記とは逆
に、第１図中に印で示すように、第１熱交換器
１、コンプレツサ３、第２熱交換器２、第１熱交
換器１の順に循環する。尚、上記実施例では、４
個のバルブとバイパス回路を設けているが、これ
に換えて４方弁を使用して配管を簡略化してもよ
い。 The circulation path A is connected to the outlet section 10 of the first heat exchanger 1 installed inside the vehicle, for example, at the bottom of the dart board so as to be able to exchange heat with the indoor air, and to the outlet section 10 of the first heat exchanger 1, which is installed at a location near the front grill where heat can be exchanged with the outside air, such as near the front grill. The inlet part 2 i of the second heat exchanger 2 installed in pipe P 2
The outlet section 30 of the compressor 3 and the inlet section 1i of the first heat exchanger are connected via a valve V2 to a pipe P3.
At the same time, connect the pipe from the middle of pipe P 2 .
P4 is branched, and the tip of the pipe P4 is connected between the outlet section 30 of the compressor 3 and the valve V2 via the valve V3, and further connected between the inlet section 3i of the compressor 3 and the valve V1 . Branch pipe P 5 from between pipe P 5
The tip is connected to the middle of pipe P3 via valve V4 . Then, when both the valves V 1 and V 2 are opened and the valves V 3 and V 4 are both closed, the refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger 1 and the 2 heat exchanger 2, compressor 3, and first heat exchanger 1 in this order. on the other hand,
Both valve V 1 and valve V 2 are closed, and the valve
When V 3 and valve V 4 are both opened, regardless of the directionality of the compressor 3, the refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger 1 and the compressor 3, as indicated by the marks in FIG. , the second heat exchanger 2 and the first heat exchanger 1 in this order. In addition, in the above example, 4
Although four valves and a bypass circuit are provided, a four-way valve may be used instead to simplify the piping.
一方、循環路Ｂは、エンジン４の高温排熱を受
取る受熱部５と第２熱交換器２とをパイプで結ん
で真空引きを行いヒートパイプ構造としたもので
ある。受熱部５は排気管６の外面に管材７を巻き
付るなど適宜接触させて熱交換可能に形成する。
受熱部５の出口側５0と第２熱交換器２の注入部
２′iとをパイプP6で連結し、第２熱交換器２の注
出部２′0と受熱部５の入口側５iとを閉止弁V5を
介してパイプP7で連結する。従つて、循環路Ｂ
では、閉止弁V5を開放しておけば、ヒートパイ
プの作動流体は受熱部５でエンジン排熱により蒸
発してパイプP6を通つて第２熱交換器２に入り、
該第２熱交換器２において冷媒と熱交換すること
により放熱液化してパイプP7をから受熱部５に
戻る。 On the other hand, the circulation path B has a heat pipe structure in which the heat receiving section 5 that receives high-temperature exhaust heat from the engine 4 and the second heat exchanger 2 are connected by a pipe and vacuumed. The heat receiving portion 5 is formed by wrapping a tube material 7 around the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 6 or otherwise bringing it into contact with the exhaust pipe 6 to enable heat exchange.
The outlet side 50 of the heat receiving section 5 and the injection section 2'i of the second heat exchanger 2 are connected by a pipe P6 , and the outlet side 50 of the second heat exchanger 2 and the inlet side of the heat receiving section 5 are connected by a pipe P6. 5 i through a shutoff valve V 5 and a pipe P 7 . Therefore, circulation path B
Now, if the shutoff valve V5 is opened, the working fluid of the heat pipe is evaporated by engine exhaust heat in the heat receiving part 5 and enters the second heat exchanger 2 through the pipe P6 .
By exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 2, the heat is radiated and liquefied, and returns to the heat receiving section 5 through the pipe P7.
尚、ヒートパイプの作動原理は、金属製管材内
に毛細管作用をもつウイツク層を形成し、管内を
減圧密閉状態にして、ウイツク層を濡らす程度の
作動流体を封入したものである。このヒートパイ
プの一部を受熱部として加熱すると液状の作動流
体は壁面より熱を受けて蒸発し、他の低温部分即
ち放熱部に移動し、ここで冷たい壁面に接触して
放熱すると共に凝縮して液体に戻り、ウイツク層
の毛細管作用により受熱部に還流して熱の輸送を
行うものである。また、受熱部を放熱部よりも低
い位置に設定すれば、液化した作動流体は自然落
下するのでウイツク層を形成しなくても、作動流
体は受熱部に還流する。従つて、本発明装置にお
いても、循環路Ｂを形成する管材全体にウイツク
層を形成して、作動流体を還流するようにしても
よいし、受熱部５を第２熱交換器２よりも低い位
置に設置して、液化した作動流体が自然落下して
受熱部５に戻るようにしてもよい。 The operating principle of a heat pipe is that a capillary layer is formed within a metal tube, the inside of the tube is sealed under reduced pressure, and a working fluid is sealed to wet the layer. When a part of this heat pipe is heated as a heat receiving part, the liquid working fluid receives heat from the wall surface and evaporates, and moves to another low temperature part, that is, a heat radiating part, where it comes into contact with the cold wall surface, radiates heat, and condenses. It returns to a liquid state, and returns to the heat-receiving section due to the capillary action of the liquid layer, thereby transporting heat. Furthermore, if the heat receiving part is set at a lower position than the heat radiating part, the liquefied working fluid will naturally fall, so the working fluid will flow back to the heat receiving part without forming a wick layer. Therefore, in the device of the present invention, a wick layer may be formed over the entire tube material forming the circulation path B to allow the working fluid to flow back, or the heat receiving section 5 may be placed at a lower temperature than the second heat exchanger 2. Alternatively, the liquefied working fluid may be installed at a certain position so that the liquefied working fluid naturally falls back to the heat receiving section 5 .
本発明に用いる第１熱交換器１は、第２図に示
すように、１本の連続した金属製のチユーブ８内
に複数の冷媒通路９を形成すると共に、該チユー
ブ８が蛇行状に屈曲する外壁の間に、空気が抜け
るように多数の金属製のフイン１０を設けたもの
である。冷媒通路９に設けた仕切１１は冷媒通路
９を複数に分割している。またこの仕切１１は十
字形に形成してあり、冷媒とチユーブ８との熱伝
達を良好にすると共にチユーブ８の耐圧を高めて
いる。また、第１熱交換器１の左右には保護板１
２が、上下にはコの字形の保護枠１３が設けてあ
り、夫々フイン１０の側部及びチユーブ８の屈曲
部を保護している。上記のようなチユーブ８はア
ルミ等の押出し成形で作ることができ、フイン１
０とチユーブ８とはロウ付けするのが好ましい。
このような第１熱交換器１は車内の例えばダツシ
ユボードの下部に設置する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the first heat exchanger 1 used in the present invention has a plurality of refrigerant passages 9 formed in one continuous metal tube 8, and the tube 8 is bent in a meandering manner. A large number of metal fins 10 are provided between the outer walls to allow air to escape. A partition 11 provided in the refrigerant passage 9 divides the refrigerant passage 9 into a plurality of sections. Further, the partition 11 is formed in a cross shape to improve heat transfer between the refrigerant and the tube 8 and to increase the pressure resistance of the tube 8. In addition, protection plates 1 are provided on the left and right sides of the first heat exchanger 1.
2, U-shaped protection frames 13 are provided on the upper and lower sides, and protect the side portions of the fins 10 and the bent portions of the tube 8, respectively. The tube 8 described above can be made by extrusion molding of aluminum or the like, and the fin 1
0 and tube 8 are preferably brazed.
Such a first heat exchanger 1 is installed inside a vehicle, for example, under a dash board.
循環器Ａと循環器Ｂとが接触する第２熱交換器
２は、例えば第３図または第４図に示すように、
２系統の流体が通過可能なように２種類の通路を
有する複合チユーブを設けた構造にする。即ち、
第３図の場合は、第１の流体である冷媒が通過す
る冷媒通路１４と、第２の流体であるヒートパイ
プの作動流体が通過する流体通路１５とを偏平な
チユーブ１６内に横一体に形成したもので、冷媒
通路１４には仕切１７を、流体通路１５には仕切
１８を夫々設けて、各通路は複数に分割してあ
る。冷媒通路１４の仕切１７は十字形にしてあ
り、冷媒と流体通路１５の作動流体との熱の伝達
を良好にすると共にチユーブ１６の耐圧を高めて
いる。このようなチユーブ１６を蛇行状にして、
該チユーブ１６の間に空気が幅方向に抜けるよう
な多数の金属製のフイン１９を設けるが、フイン
１９は冷媒通路１４の部分にのみ設ける。また、
第２熱交換器２の上下端には保護板２０が、左右
端にはコの字形の保護枠２１が設けてあり、夫々
フイン１９の側部及びチユーブ１６の屈曲部を保
護している。尚、図示していないが、冷媒通路１
４の両端は第２熱交換器２の入口部２i及び出口
部２0となつており、また流体通路１５の両端は
第２熱交換器２の注入部２′i及び注入部２′0とな
つている。上記のような第２熱交換器２を外気と
熱交換可能なように車体の空気の流通のよい箇所
例えばエンジンルーム内のフロントグリル付近に
設置する。設置は冷媒通路１４側を前にして風が
冷媒通路１４側から流体通路１５側へ抜けるよう
にする。このように設置すれば、冷媒の外気によ
る冷却を妨げない。 The second heat exchanger 2 where the circulator A and the circulator B are in contact with each other is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 or 4,
The structure includes a composite tube having two types of passages so that two types of fluid can pass through. That is,
In the case of FIG. 3, the refrigerant passage 14 through which the first fluid, the refrigerant, passes, and the fluid passage 15, through which the second fluid, the working fluid of the heat pipe, passes, are integrated horizontally in a flat tube 16. A partition 17 is provided in the refrigerant passage 14, a partition 18 is provided in the fluid passage 15, and each passage is divided into a plurality of parts. The partition 17 of the refrigerant passage 14 is shaped like a cross to improve heat transfer between the refrigerant and the working fluid in the fluid passage 15 and to increase the pressure resistance of the tube 16. By making such a tube 16 into a meandering shape,
A large number of metal fins 19 are provided between the tubes 16 so that air can escape in the width direction, but the fins 19 are provided only in the refrigerant passage 14 portion. Also,
Protective plates 20 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the second heat exchanger 2, and U-shaped protection frames 21 are provided at the left and right ends to protect the sides of the fins 19 and the bent portions of the tubes 16, respectively. Although not shown, the refrigerant passage 1
Both ends of the fluid passage 15 are the inlet part 2 i and the outlet part 2 0 of the second heat exchanger 2, and both ends of the fluid passage 15 are the inlet part 2' i and the inlet part 2' 0 of the second heat exchanger 2. It is becoming. The second heat exchanger 2 as described above is installed in a location of the vehicle body with good air circulation, for example, near the front grill in the engine room, so as to be able to exchange heat with outside air. The installation is done with the refrigerant passage 14 side facing forward so that air can escape from the refrigerant passage 14 side to the fluid passage 15 side. If installed in this way, cooling of the refrigerant by outside air will not be hindered.
第４図は複合チユーブを有する第２熱交換器の
他の構造を示し、冷媒通路２２とヒートパイプの
流体通路２３とを上下に重合したチユーブ２４を
用いて第２熱交換器２′を構成したものである。
図面に示すチユーブ２４には上段に複数に分割し
た冷媒通路２２を、下段に複数に分割したヒート
パイプの流体通路２３を夫々形成してあるが、上
段に流体通路を、下段に冷媒通路を形成してもよ
い。チユーブ２４の冷媒通路２２の仕切２５も十
字形に形成してあり、冷媒の熱の授受を良好にす
ると共にチユーブ２４の耐圧を高めている。この
ようなチユーブ２４を蛇行状にして、チユーブ２
４の間に空気が幅方向に抜けるような多数のフイ
ン２６を設ける。また、第２熱交換器２′の上下
には保護板２７を、左右にはコの字形の保護枠２
８を設けて、夫々フイン２６の側部及びチユーブ
２４の屈曲部を保護している。尚、図示していな
いが、冷媒通路２２の両端は第２熱交換器２の入
口部２i及び出口部２0となつており、また流体通
路２３の両端は第２熱交換器２の注入部２′i及び
注出部２′0となつている。上記のように冷媒通路
２２を上側に、ヒートパイプの流体通路２３を下
側にして構成すると、作動流体の熱が冷媒に伝わ
り易く、冷媒の熱交換効果が向上する。 FIG. 4 shows another structure of the second heat exchanger having a composite tube, and the second heat exchanger 2' is constructed using tubes 24 in which the refrigerant passage 22 and the fluid passage 23 of the heat pipe are stacked vertically. This is what I did.
The tube 24 shown in the drawing has a plurality of divided refrigerant passages 22 in the upper stage and a plurality of divided heat pipe fluid passages 23 in the lower stage.The fluid passage is formed in the upper stage and the refrigerant passage is formed in the lower stage. You may. The partition 25 of the refrigerant passage 22 of the tube 24 is also formed in a cross shape, which improves the exchange of heat between the refrigerant and increases the pressure resistance of the tube 24. By making such a tube 24 into a meandering shape, the tube 2
A large number of fins 26 are provided between the fins 4 so that air can escape in the width direction. In addition, protection plates 27 are provided on the top and bottom of the second heat exchanger 2', and U-shaped protection frames 2 are provided on the left and right sides of the second heat exchanger 2'.
8 are provided to protect the sides of the fins 26 and the bent portions of the tube 24, respectively. Although not shown, both ends of the refrigerant passage 22 serve as the inlet part 2i and outlet part 20 of the second heat exchanger 2, and both ends of the fluid passage 23 serve as the inlet part 2i and the outlet part 20 of the second heat exchanger 2. They are a part 2'i and a pouring part 2'0 . By configuring the refrigerant passage 22 on the upper side and the fluid passage 23 of the heat pipe on the lower side as described above, the heat of the working fluid is easily transferred to the refrigerant, and the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant is improved.
上記のような本発明の冷暖房装置による暖房作
用を第１図により説明すると、循環路Ａ中のバル
ブV1とバルブV2を共に開放し、バルブV3とバル
ブV4を共に閉止し、また循環路Ｂ中の閉止弁V5
を開放しておく。この状態でコンプレツサ３を作
動すると、冷媒は第１図中の循環路Ａを、第１熱
交換器１から第２熱交換器２へ、第２熱交換器２
からコンプレツサ３を介して第１熱交換器１へと
循環し、第１熱交換器１はヒートポンプ式暖房装
置のコンデンサとして、第２熱交換器２はエバポ
レータとして夫々作用する。エンジン４を始動す
ると直ちに排気熱が発生し、従つて、この排気熱
により循環路Ｂのヒートパイプ内の作動流体が受
熱部５で蒸発して、低温側の第２熱交換器２に流
れる。この第２熱交換器２はヒートポンプ式暖房
装置のエバポレータとして作用しており冷媒が循
環しているので、作動流体と冷媒との間で複合チ
ユーブの壁を介して熱交換が行われ、作動流体は
放熱し、冷媒は吸熱する。放熱した作動流体は液
化してウイツクを介して或は自然落下して受熱部
５に戻り、再びエンジンの排熱により気化して循
環を繰り返す。一方第２熱交換器２で吸熱して気
化した冷媒はコンプレツサ３により圧縮されて更
に高温高圧の気体となつて第１熱交換器１に送ら
れる。この第１熱交換器１はコンデンサとして作
用し、冷媒は冷媒通路９を通過しながらチユーブ
８及びフイン１０を介して周囲の空気に放熱して
車内の暖房を行うと共に液化する。液化した冷媒
は第２熱交換器２に戻り、循環路Ｂで伝達されて
きたエンジンの排熱により再び加熱されて気化
し、この循環を繰り返しながら車内の暖房を行
う。 To explain the heating effect of the air conditioning system of the present invention as described above with reference to FIG. 1, valves V 1 and V 2 in circulation path A are both opened, valves V 3 and V 4 are both closed, Shutoff valve V 5 in circulation path B
Leave it open. When the compressor 3 is operated in this state, the refrigerant flows through the circulation path A in FIG. 1 from the first heat exchanger 1 to the second heat exchanger 2.
The heat exchanger 1 then circulates through the compressor 3 to the first heat exchanger 1, and the first heat exchanger 1 acts as a condenser of the heat pump heating system, and the second heat exchanger 2 acts as an evaporator. As soon as the engine 4 is started, exhaust heat is generated, and therefore, the working fluid in the heat pipe of the circulation path B is evaporated in the heat receiving section 5 and flows to the second heat exchanger 2 on the low temperature side. Since this second heat exchanger 2 acts as an evaporator of a heat pump type heating device and refrigerant is circulated, heat exchange is performed between the working fluid and the refrigerant through the wall of the composite tube, and the working fluid emits heat, and the refrigerant absorbs heat. The working fluid that has radiated heat is liquefied and returns to the heat receiving section 5 through the wick or by natural fall, and is vaporized again by the exhaust heat of the engine and repeats the circulation. On the other hand, the refrigerant that absorbs heat and vaporizes in the second heat exchanger 2 is compressed by the compressor 3 and further turned into a high temperature and high pressure gas, which is then sent to the first heat exchanger 1. The first heat exchanger 1 functions as a condenser, and the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant passage 9 and radiates heat to the surrounding air via the tubes 8 and fins 10 to heat the interior of the vehicle and liquefy. The liquefied refrigerant returns to the second heat exchanger 2, is heated again by the exhaust heat of the engine transmitted through the circulation path B, and vaporizes, heating the interior of the vehicle while repeating this circulation.
一方、本発明による冷暖房装置を用いて車内の
の冷房を行うには、循環路Ａ中のバルブV1とバ
ルブV2を閉止し、バルブV3とバルブV4を開放し
て、室内側の第１熱交換器１を冷房装置のエバポ
レータとして、またフロント側の第２熱交換器２
をコンデンサとして夫々作用させ、且つ循環路Ｂ
中の閉止弁V5を閉止して作動流体の循環を停止
する。この状態でコンプレツサ３を作動すると、
冷媒は上記暖房時とは逆に、第１図中の循環路Ａ
を、第１熱交換器１からパイプP3を通り、バル
ブV4、パイプP5、コンプレツサ３、バルブV3、
パイプP4、パイプP2を通つて第２熱交換器２へ
入り、パイプP1を通つて第１熱交換器１に戻る。
冷媒は、コンプレツサ３により圧縮され液化し、
コンデンサ即ちフロント側の第２熱交換器２で外
気により冷却されて室内側のエバポレータ即ち第
１熱交換器１に送られる。この第１熱交換器１で
車内の暖かい空気と接触して、冷媒が気化すると
きに車内の空気の熱を奪つて車内の冷房を行う。
気化した冷媒はコンプレツサ３で圧縮液化されて
第２熱交換器２に送られ、外気により冷却されて
循環を繰り返す。尚、このとき、閉止弁V5は閉
止してあるので、エンジン４の排熱が第２熱交換
器２に伝わつて、第２熱交換器２即ちコンデンサ
における冷却効果が損なわれることがない。 On the other hand, in order to cool the inside of a car using the air conditioning system according to the present invention, valves V 1 and V 2 in the circulation path A are closed, valves V 3 and V 4 are opened, and the inside of the car is cooled. The first heat exchanger 1 is used as an evaporator of the cooling system, and the second heat exchanger 2 on the front side
act as a capacitor, and the circulation path B
Close the shutoff valve V5 inside to stop the circulation of the working fluid. If compressor 3 is operated in this state,
The refrigerant is used in the circulation path A in Figure 1, contrary to the above heating mode.
, from the first heat exchanger 1 through pipe P 3 , valve V 4 , pipe P 5 , compressor 3, valve V 3 ,
It enters the second heat exchanger 2 through pipe P 4 and pipe P 2 and returns to the first heat exchanger 1 through pipe P 1 .
The refrigerant is compressed and liquefied by the compressor 3,
It is cooled by outside air in a condenser, that is, a second heat exchanger 2 on the front side, and is sent to an evaporator or first heat exchanger 1 on the indoor side. In this first heat exchanger 1, the refrigerant comes into contact with the warm air inside the car, and when the refrigerant vaporizes, it removes the heat from the air inside the car to cool the inside of the car.
The vaporized refrigerant is compressed and liquefied by the compressor 3, sent to the second heat exchanger 2, cooled by outside air, and circulated repeatedly. Note that at this time, since the shutoff valve V5 is closed, the exhaust heat of the engine 4 is transmitted to the second heat exchanger 2, and the cooling effect in the second heat exchanger 2, that is, the condenser, is not impaired.
尚、本発明に用いる第２熱交換器の複合チユー
ブにおける冷媒通路と作動流体の通路とを横一体
とするか、上下に重合するか、或は流体通路を上
にするか下にするかの選択は、エンジンルームの
スペースなどを考慮して適宜選択決定すればよい
が、暖房性能をよくするには、上に冷媒通路を、
下にヒートパイプの流体通路を設定するのがよ
く、冷房性能をよくするには横一体型として車の
進行方向前方に冷媒通路を設定するのがよい。ま
た上記した各バルブは電磁バルブで、コンプレツ
サと共に運転席から自由に制御操作することがで
きる。 It should be noted that whether the refrigerant passage and the working fluid passage in the composite tube of the second heat exchanger used in the present invention are integrated horizontally, overlap each other vertically, or whether the fluid passage is placed above or below. The selection can be made as appropriate, taking into consideration the space in the engine room, etc., but to improve heating performance, it is recommended to install a refrigerant passage above the
It is best to set the fluid passage for the heat pipe at the bottom, and to improve cooling performance, it is better to set the refrigerant passage at the front in the direction of travel of the vehicle as a horizontally integrated type. Furthermore, each of the above-mentioned valves is an electromagnetic valve, and can be freely controlled and operated from the driver's seat along with the compressor.
＜発明の効果＞
本発明の冷暖房装置は、バルブの開閉操作のみ
で、暖房と冷房とを切り替えることができ、暖房
時は、室内側に設置した第１熱交換器をコンデン
サとして、複合チユーブを有する第２熱交換器を
エバポレータとして夫々作用させることができ、
冷房時には、第１熱交換器をエバポレータとし
て、第２熱交換器をコンデンサとして夫々作用さ
せることができる。従つて、本発明の冷暖房装置
は夏期は冷房装置として、冬期は暖房装置として
使用することができ、冷房装置と暖房装置を別個
に設置する必要がなく、経済的となり、また、車
内或はエンジンルームを広く有効に利用できる。<Effects of the Invention> The heating and cooling device of the present invention can switch between heating and cooling simply by opening and closing the valve. During heating, the first heat exchanger installed indoors is used as a condenser, and the composite tube is used as a condenser. The second heat exchanger having the second heat exchanger can act as an evaporator,
During cooling, the first heat exchanger can function as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger can function as a condenser. Therefore, the air conditioning system of the present invention can be used as a cooling system in the summer and as a heating system in the winter, and there is no need to install a cooling system and a heating system separately, making it economical. The room can be used widely and effectively.
また、本発明の冷暖房装置をヒートポンプ式暖
房装置として使用する場合、エンジンを始動すれ
ば直ちに高温となる排気ガスの排熱を、ヒートポ
ンプ式暖房装置のエバポレータ部分を構成する第
２熱交換器にヒートパイプを介して伝達し、しか
も、複合チユーブを通して冷媒と熱交換するの
で、効率よく冷媒を加熱することができ、ヒート
ポンプ式の暖房装置のエバポレータ部分における
吸熱が不充分となることがなく、暖房装置が有効
に作用して、エンジン始動直後から暖房がきき、
車内がすぐに暖まり、エンジン始動直後から快適
な運転を行うことができる。 Furthermore, when the air conditioning system of the present invention is used as a heat pump type heating system, the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas, which becomes high temperature as soon as the engine is started, is transferred to the second heat exchanger that constitutes the evaporator part of the heat pump type heating system. Since the heat is transmitted through the pipe and exchanged with the refrigerant through the composite tube, the refrigerant can be heated efficiently, and the heat absorption in the evaporator part of the heat pump type heating system will not be insufficient. works effectively, heating starts immediately after the engine starts,
The interior of the vehicle warms up quickly, allowing comfortable driving immediately after the engine starts.
更に、本発明による冷暖房装置は、従来の温水
式の暖房装置と併用することもできる。この場合
にはエンジン始動直後から冷却水が充分に昇温す
るまでの間を本発明装置で補うことができ、或は
また寒冷地において、従来の温水式の暖房装置の
みでは暖房装置の熱量が不足するような場合に、
充分な熱量を供給して、車内を暖かくすることが
できる。 Furthermore, the air conditioning system according to the present invention can also be used in conjunction with a conventional hot water type heating system. In this case, the device of the present invention can compensate for the period from immediately after the engine starts until the temperature of the cooling water is sufficiently raised, or in cold regions, the amount of heat of the heating device can be insufficient with only the conventional hot water type heating device. In case of shortage,
It can supply enough heat to keep the inside of the car warm.
第１図は本発明による冷暖房装置の説明図、第
２図は同装置に用いる第１熱交換器の欠截斜視
図、第３図は同じく第２熱交換器の欠截斜視図、
第４図は第２熱交換器の他の実施例の欠截斜視図
を示す。
１……第１熱交換器、２……第２熱交換器、３
……コンプレツサ、４……エンジン、６……排気
管、７……管材、P4，P5，P6，P7……パイプ、
V1，V2，V3，V4，……バルブ、V5……閉止弁。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a heating and cooling device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of a first heat exchanger used in the same device, and FIG. 3 is a cutaway perspective view of a second heat exchanger.
FIG. 4 shows a cutaway perspective view of another embodiment of the second heat exchanger. 1...First heat exchanger, 2...Second heat exchanger, 3
... Compressor, 4 ... Engine, 6 ... Exhaust pipe, 7 ... Pipe material, P 4 , P 5 , P 6 , P 7 ... Pipe,
V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , ... Valve, V 5 ... Shut-off valve.
Claims (1)
器を室内空気と熱交換可能に設置し、車体の外気
と熱交換可能な位置にフインを有する第２熱交換
器を設置し、上記第１熱交換器と第２熱交換器と
の間をパイプで連結すると共に冷媒を封入して冷
媒の循環路を形成し、この冷媒をパイプの途中に
設けたコンプレツサにより循環させるようにした
自動車の冷暖房装置において、 上記第２熱交換器には２系統の流体が通過可能
なように２種類の通路を有する複合チユーブを設
け、上記パイプの途中にはコンプレツサによる冷
媒の循環方向を逆転可能なバルブを設置して、冷
媒を上記第２熱交換器の一方の通路に通すと共
に、エンジンから延在する排気管の外面にはヒー
トパイプの受熱部を形成し、該ヒートパイプの放
熱部を上記第２熱交換器の他の通路に作動流体を
通すことにより冷媒と熱交換可能に形成し、上記
ヒートパイプの途中には作動流体の閉止弁を設け
て、上記バルブ及び閉止弁の操作により第２熱交
換器において冷媒をエンジン排熱により加熱可能
としたことを特徴とする自動車の冷暖房装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A first heat exchanger having fins is installed on the interior side of an automobile so as to be able to exchange heat with indoor air, and a second heat exchanger having fins is installed at a position on the vehicle body where heat can be exchanged with outside air. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected by a pipe, and a refrigerant is sealed in the refrigerant to form a refrigerant circulation path, and the refrigerant is circulated by a compressor provided in the middle of the pipe. In the air conditioning system for an automobile, the second heat exchanger is provided with a composite tube having two types of passages so that two types of fluid can pass therethrough, and a compressor is provided in the middle of the pipe in the direction in which the refrigerant is circulated. A reversible valve is installed to pass the refrigerant through one passage of the second heat exchanger, and a heat receiving part of the heat pipe is formed on the outer surface of the exhaust pipe extending from the engine. A heat dissipation section is formed to be capable of exchanging heat with the refrigerant by passing a working fluid through another passage of the second heat exchanger, and a shutoff valve for the working fluid is provided in the middle of the heat pipe, and the shutoff valve and the shutoff valve are provided in the middle of the heat pipe. A heating and cooling system for an automobile, characterized in that the refrigerant can be heated by engine exhaust heat in the second heat exchanger by the operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16969685A JPS6231509A (en) | 1985-08-02 | 1985-08-02 | Air conditioner for automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16969685A JPS6231509A (en) | 1985-08-02 | 1985-08-02 | Air conditioner for automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6231509A JPS6231509A (en) | 1987-02-10 |
| JPH0352363B2 true JPH0352363B2 (en) | 1991-08-09 |
Family
ID=15891190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16969685A Granted JPS6231509A (en) | 1985-08-02 | 1985-08-02 | Air conditioner for automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6231509A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2938551B1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-11-12 | Arkema France | METHOD FOR HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING A VEHICLE |
| JP2016211773A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-12-15 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Loop heat pipe |
| JP2020019439A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | マレリ株式会社 | Air conditioner for vehicle |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5695713A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-08-03 | Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd | Vehicle heating device |
-
1985
- 1985-08-02 JP JP16969685A patent/JPS6231509A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5695713A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-08-03 | Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd | Vehicle heating device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6231509A (en) | 1987-02-10 |
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