JPH03504147A - Textile machinery, especially ring spinning machines - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Textile machinery, especially ring spinning machines The invention relates to textile machines, in particular spindles, draft machines, ring rails or similar for driving loads with at least partially different effective durations, such as The invention relates to a ring spinning machine with several drive systems.

In ring spinning machines, it is especially important to ensure that the working elements to be driven are as homogeneous as possible. operation and precise speed, in particular the rotational speed of these working elements and/or the specification of the speed. Executing the ratio is crucial. An important work element in this regard is In particular, spindles, draft machines, and also ring carriers or ring grates. Examples include rules. Thus, for example, the rotational speed of the spindle relative to the delivery speed The ratio of is the factor that determines the twist and strength of the yarn. Maintains a permanent constant draft In order to must have a ratio of Finally, the speed of movement of the ring rail, and also The speed ratio to conveying speed is important for e.g. yarn formation on the sleeve. Ru.

Briefly about the parameters that must be maintained to ensure uniform yarn quality In retrospect, any power failure represents a very serious working situation, especially , the individual working elements of the ring spinning machine are separated as much as possible to achieve high variability. should be controllable and therefore fixed transmission couplings should be largely avoided. It is possible.

Furthermore, in any power supply failure, each voltage supply failure will result in The raft mechanism usually stops instantaneously, but the spindle, rather than its inertia, As a result, the rotation continues. One of the causes of instantaneous stoppage of the draft mechanism is the The effective durability of the foot mechanism cylinder, in contrast to the spindle, is particularly important for the associated drive. As a result of the transmission ratio between the motor and the cylinder and as a result of the friction present As such, it lies in the fact that it is reduced to a minimum.

The invention is based on the object of providing a textile machine of the first-mentioned type, in which , with the lowest possible price and complexity, and in particular the buffer accumulator (b Special complexities such as buffer accumulators, or similar There is no knitting and at least a defined spinning stop is required during each power failure. Energy is made available virtually automatically and without delay for stopping action. Ru.

The objective is to ensure that the drive system associated with the load is in good working order with maximum effective durability. During operation, the rotation speed is controlled through the supply frequency, and in case of power supply failure as a capacitor-excited generator to supply at least one of the other drive systems. achieved according to the invention by including at least one asynchronous motor acting as be done. In this arrangement, the asynchronous motor is preferably connected in parallel to the stator windings. It has a capacitor that is

Therefore, according to the present invention, the reactive power directly on the motor/generator without batteries or the like required for this purpose. Powered up. Furthermore, low appearance is caused by power related converters. arises because of r). Braking functions are more easily and reliably imposed. fruit In some cases, a buffer battery is not required or is not actually used. Only a good quality buffer battery is required. Finally, high efficiency also results. It occurs.

The asynchronous motor, which acts as a capacitor-excited generator during power supply failures, is In the case of spinning machines, it is advantageously associated with the drive system of the spindle and is connected to the draft mechanism and the emergency supply of the drive system associated with the ring rail. It is continued. The ring rail and draft mechanism are also separate within a common drive system. can be individually controllable or can also be associated with different drive systems. It is possible.

As a result of this configuration, the draft mechanism can be easily and always reliably Even in the event of a power supply failure, it will not directly shut down, but will instead operate as a generator at that time. The energy required for the defined spinning stop action by the asynchronous motor used is supplied. Furthermore, the controlled progression of the movement of the ring rails is also automatic. can be maintained for a reasonable length of time by means of an emergency power supply generated by

During individual power failures, the rotor of the asynchronous motor is affected by the persistent consequences of the spindle. As a result, the tendency for continued rotation is beyond synchronicity in the sense of the normally existing rotational range. driven, and this is equivalent to the countervailing slip. Overcoming this synchronicity The drive is a three-phase induction motor, which has the effect of making a direct change to the generator state. . Since the generator is excited by a capacitor, the relevance for the excitation of induction generators is There is no need for the current to be supplied from the power supply. Thus, for example, a special voltage supply A synchronous generator to be connected to is not required to generate the induced current. Each power Since the corresponding voltage is necessarily applied to the asynchronous motor before the supply failure, it is possible The initial conditions for the generator working state are also always automatically prepared.

The oscillating circuit is inducted via a capacitor connected in parallel to the stator windings. The circuit occurs between each other and also between the rotor and the iron stator. magnetically connected. If the rotor is driven and the vibration circuit is in the stator, for example, by current pulses in the rotor or by remanent magnetism. If so, vibrations that are not sufficiently attenuated will occur even if no excitation is applied. non-identical The generator can energize itself in this arrangement and return power. .

At least one electronic controller controls the drive system and the rotation speed or load speed. The ratio of these speeds or rotational speeds is also related to the It can be set in advance depending on the location. Individual drive systems use fixed transmission connections instead of being separately electrically controllable, the rotation speed or Also, the rotational speed or speed ratio is actually determined only by the electronic control unit. This means that relatively high variability is achieved.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the equipment is electrically powered as electronically controlled, including spinning stop control. In the event of a supply failure, the drive system is reduced to a range of zero rotational speed or speed, and at the same time designed to maintain and control a predetermined ratio of rotational speed and/or speed. It is being If the specified driving conditions effectively stop the spindle or cause it to fall on the verge of Since it is maintained all the way to the bottom, thread breakage is only eliminated despite power failure. It is also possible to guarantee constant yarn quality. Controlled driving descents are especially It is possible to make rapid changes in each drive relatively uniform without disturbing them. come.

The electronic control unit controls the draft mechanism and also the drive system for the ring rail This electronic control device has relatively low energy requirements compared to It is also possible to provide a battery buffer. You can basically imagine it. The provision of electronic control equipment, however, also includes capacitors. It can be easily implemented with an excitation asynchronous generator.

According to a more advanced preferred embodiment, in a ring spinning machine each draft machine The drive system for the structure, preferably for the ring rail, comprises a draft mechanism, Preparation of cylinders and at least parts that are decoupled from the draft mechanism. The descent to the lowest rotational speed that can be determined is controllable. draft machine This results in an immediate stoppage of the mechanism, while the associated spindle usually continues to rotate slightly. do. This, however, becomes less effective in practice as a result of relatively small rotational speeds. does not have.

an electric motor included in the drive system, preferably including an asynchronous spindle motor; The electric motors are preferably controllable via a frequency converter. This kind of frequency The number converter is formed, for example, by a rectifier and an inverter. Related electric motors The predetermined frequency to be regulated can be set in the associated inverter, e.g. via electronic control. It is Noh.

It consists of three parallel branches, each with two transistors in series. The circuit is connected to an asynchronous motor that acts as a capacitor-excited generator during power failure. and two of one branch, each serving as a junction for the stator windings. the connection point between two transistors, and in the opposite direction with respect to the direction of transmission. The collector-emitter of each transistor is bridged by each diode in - associated with the bus (co11ector-em iter-path) There is. In normal operation, i.e. when the motor is running, the transistor passes current through the stator windings. to determine the flow of current through the draft mechanism and associated drive system. is supplied for power generation using power via a diode. Spindle rotation speed As the temperature decreases, the power supply also decreases.

A drive system associated with at least the draft mechanism and also associated with the spindle comprises: Preferably separately controllable for a predetermined rotational speed ratio change. Ru. Draft mechanism cylinders also vary the draft in this way, e.g. Therefore, they can be driven separately.

The ring rail is preferably also preferably a preset spindle/ring rail. can be controlled separately for changes in the speed ratio of the wheels.

The spindle groups are operated in groups or with individual motors, preferably A common frequency converter is connected to these electric motors or to the motors assigned to each group. be carried away. Separate drive systems with several drives are draft-free as a whole. Associated with mechanisms. In this arrangement, the ring rail can be jointly used with the draft mechanism. , or it can be imagined to be moved by its own drive device. independent spindle Although usually associated with each spinning station, the draft mechanism and ring rack a spinning wheel over several spinning stations, preferably over the entire lateral length of the machine. So, each one is extended.

Following a practical layout, the equipment will be equipped with a draft mechanism and/or a ring The drive system associated with the rail and the drive system associated with the spindle are The energy from the supply net 7 is supplied from the DC rectifier through the DC intermediate circuit. The emergency supply during power failure is provided via the DC intermediate circuit.

In a preferred modification of the ring spinning machine, the draft mechanism and ring rail are A draft mechanism provided on each side and corresponding to each other moves and It is also characterized by the fact that the two ring rails can be jointly controlled. Ru.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial diagram of two different drive systems of a ring spinning machine; Figure 2 shows one of the two drive systems shown in Figure 1 containing three drives. FIG.

According to FIG. 1, the illustrated example of a ring spinning machine has two drive systems 10.12. (partially shown). The first drive system 10 is a spindle of a ring spinning machine. (not shown). The second drive system 12 is a ring spinning associated with two draft mechanisms and two ring rails on each side of the machine; For this purpose it includes three drives as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, the first drive system 10 for the spindle includes a single spindle motor. Only the data and its circuitry are shown for simplicity. Furthermore, Figure 1 shows that of the three drives of the second drive system 12 for the draft mechanism and the ring rail. Although only one is shown, in FIG. 2 the first drive system 10 for the spindle is omitted.

A drive system 12 associated with the draft mechanism and the ring rail, and a drive system 12 associated with the spindle. The coupled ring spinning machine drive system 10 is connected to the power supply indicated by line 72. Energy is supplied from a common rectifier 42 via a DC intermediate circuit. less than As will be described in more detail, emergency supply of the second drive system 12 in the event of a power failure (emergency supply) by the first drive system 10 or by acting there as a generator. The motor is operated via a DC intermediate circuit 70.

For this purpose, the drive system 10, during normal operation, speeds up via the supply frequency. and in case of power supply failure, the second drive is controlled via the DC intermediate line 70. one asymmetric generator acting as a capacitor-excited generator for replenishment of the dynamic system 12; A spindle motor 14 is included for each spindle (only one is shown in FIG. 2). Both The frequency converter 42.50 connects the individual asynchronous motors 14 for the spindle groups. associated with the rectifier 42, and by a circuit in addition to the rectifier 42 or by an inverter. It is additionally formed by a switching device) 50.

The circuit 50 consists of two transistors placed in parallel with each other and each in series. Three with register 58.58': 60.60': 62.62' It consists of branches 52, 54, and 56. The lower half of circuit 50 is Since it is the same as the other half, it is shown only by a dashed box. Related branch 5 2.54 or 56, the emitter of the upper transistor 58.60.62 (emi tter) are in each case lower transistors 58', 60', Connected to 62' collector (collector: '9Je Denki) . Although the collector of the upper transistor is connected to line 70, the lower transistor The emitters of resistors 58', 60', and 62' are shown in other diagrams of the intermediate circuit. Connected to lines not shown. Connection between two transistors in each branch The position of the stator windings 16 of the asynchronous motor 14 associated with the individual spindles They form connections for each.

Reflector-emitter paths for each transistor 58-62 and 58'-62' ( collector-emitter-path) in each case Bridged by diodes 64, 66, 68 and 64', 66', 68' and the diodes are opposite with respect to the conduction direction of this path. A ball (pole) is attached in the direction.

An electronic control device 20 is further provided, by means of which the spindle drive system can be controlled, in particular. an inverter 50 for the system 10 and an inverter 50 associated with the draft mechanism and ring rail; 2 Drive system 12 inverter 44, 46, 48 (see also figure 2) is controlled. be done. The control output of the control device 20 and the control input of the inverter are shown in FIG. It is marked with the letter S. In the circuit of the inverter 50 of the first drive system 10, The control inputs of registers 58-62 and 58'-62' are controlled.

The stator winding 16 of the asynchronous motor 14 is a star circuit in this embodiment. (circuit). A star circuit is however not required; It is even possible to use delta circuits.

Three capacitors 18 are connected in parallel with this stator winding 16, where The capacitors 18 are connected together in the form of a triangle (see Figure 11) or a star. and in this example the different points of the capacitor triangle are connected to the strip formed by the winding 16. It is connected to the 3 poles of the main circuit.

During normal operation, transistors 58-68 and 58'-68' conduct current through winding 16. The current is alternately conducted to prepare the current. If, in contrast, the asynchronous motor 14 However, if it acts as a capacitor-excited generator in the event of power supply failure, then the second The drive system 12 is connected via diodes 64-68 and 64'-68' and Power is supplied via a DC intermediate circuit 70.

In FIG. 1 only one asynchronous motor 14 is shown for one spindle. However, in reality, 600 spindles are used per side of the machine in a ring spinning machine. For example, a corresponding number of spindle motors are provided. Individual motors are machine Connected via an energy distribution system with a common frequency converter 42.50 on the top end be done. Spindle groups, however, can also refer to groups or alternatively It can also be driven from a single motor via a tangential belt. It is possible to move.

However, in each case the mechanical coupling is avoided for determining the speed ratio between the This ratio is determined by the electronic control unit 20. It is decided only accordingly.

As seen in Figure 2, there are two draft mechanisms and two ring rails on both sides of the machine. A second drive system 12 for the line 72 and a common line 70 Frequency converter 4 formed by flow vessel 42 and individual inverters 44-48 2.44: includes three different drives with 42°46= and 42.48 I'm here. Therefore, the three drives receive energy from line 72 during normal operation. is supplied from the common rectifier 42 via the DC intermediate circuit 70.

The inverters 44, 46 and 48 of the three drives are each in line, i.e. directly. It is connected to the intermediate circuit 70 . These inverters 44 to 48 are controlled electronically in order. It can be controlled as shown by arrow S by a controller 20 (see FIG. 1).

One inverter 48 drives one asynchronous motor for driving two ring rails. It is associated with 38. Motion speed and movement regarding the spindle of the ring rail Causal chains of motion are important for cotop formation. Accurate harmony is electronic control unit 2 Caused by 0.

The two drives with inverters 44 and 46 are draft mechanism drives. Ru. Draft mechanism cylinders in relation to each other and to the spindle Accurate operation is critical to maintaining yarn count. For this reason For this purpose, the synchronous motor groups 22-36 are advantageously used as draft mechanism motors. .

The layout of the two draft mechanism drives 44, 46 is explained in more detail below. .

In this implementation, the ring spinning machine has two draft machines, each located on each side of the machine. It has a structure. Each draft mechanism has a front or delivery cylinder and a It has a dollar cylinder and a rear or input cylinder. ing.

A group of cylinders prevents thread failure due to torsional action in these cylinders along the machine. To avoid, as a result of the specified length (more than 300 spindles per machine side) both ends Driven from. Therefore, two electric motors, in this example synchronous motors, are required for each draft. The mechanism is provided for the cylinder.

The four motors 22-28 associated with the inverter 44 are the subsequent draft mechanism drive motors. constitutes the data.

Two synchronous motors 22,24 drive the delivery cylinders on one side of the ring spinning machine. It is associated with the two ends of the (delivery cylinder), and On the other side of the ring spinning machine two synchronous motors 26.28 are connected to the delivery cylinder on the other side of the ring spinning machine. associated with the two ends of.

A common inverter 46 is provided for the four synchronous motors 30-36. child Here, the two synchronous motors 30 and 32 are used for the rear or middle series of the side stop of the ring spinning machine. Associated with the two ends of the cylinder, two synchronous motors 34, 36 are connected to the cylinder. The cylinder is associated with the two ends of the rare or middle cylinder on the other side of the spinning machine. machine Rare and middle cylinders on each side of the machine are combined into cylinder groups respectively. and are connected together via a variable speed transmission. However, another It is also possible to have different drives basically for the middle and rare cylinders. I can do it.

The electric motors 38 associated with the two ring rails may be asynchronous motors.

Between each motor shaft and the end of the associated draft mechanism cylinder, e.g. A toothed belt transmission, a clutch, and a gear transmission can be provided. De With respect to the Libery cylinder, there is also a connection between the clutch and the gear transmission, e.g. Prevents the delay of the delivery cylinder after the spinning stop progresses (rotation of the ring spinning machine descends). In order to stop this, the placement of brakes can be considered.

The toothed belt transmission absorbs the jerks from the associated motor at low speeds and Damping means to protect the sensitive gear transmission in the area of the draft mechanism cylinder useful as. At the same time, the toothed belt transmission device allows for relatively high speed rotation of the associated motor. It is useful for converting the rotational speed in order to reduce the rotational speed to a lower value at the input of the associated clutch. stand. A toothed wheel transmission, together with a toothed belt transmission, serves as a torque converter. standing, therefore with each clutch switching, the corresponding motor is stationary cylinder It is not loaded with high inertia force.

This shows that in this case the effective durability of the spindle is higher than that of the draft mechanism. This results in something negative. As a result, the draft mechanism is In some cases, the thread must be driven further to avoid tearing the thread. this During power failures such as through the asynchronous motor 14 of the other motor via the supply frequency for the However, the asynchronous motor is connected to the second drive system 12 in case of power failure. Acts as a capacitor-excited generator for supplying.

In case of power supply failure, the rotor of such a three-phase induction motor is is driven beyond synchronicity to the associated spindle in the sense of This thing is a negative slip is equivalent to As a result of capacitor excitation, reactive current (reactive current) current) from the power supply for excitation of the induction generator, or For example, it must not be removed from a synchronous machine. Due to the working condition of the generator which happens The initial condition is that the voltage is necessarily supplied to the three-phase induction motor before the failure of the individual power supply. given by the fact that of a capacitor connected in parallel to the stator windings. Therefore, three vibrations with iron with inductance (1 inductance) A circuit results in the stator and is magnetically coupled together and with the rotor. It will be done. If the rotor is driven and if the vibration circuit in the stator is For example, due to current pulses in the rotor, residual If it is excited by a magnet, vibration will occur, and the vibration will continue even if the excitation effect disappears. will also be maintained.

The electronic control unit 20 is configured to reduce the drive system 10.12 in the event of a power failure. control until the speed or rotational speed drops to almost zero area, and at the same time Operates to maintain the rotational speed or speed and the specified rotational speed or speed ratio It conveniently includes a spinning stop control device.

A second drive system for the draft mechanism and ring rail that remains in operation Unlike the stem 12, the electronic control unit requires only relatively little energy. Therefore, it can be used as a battery buffer. This, however, Not required. On the contrary, this control device is also activated by a capacitor-excited generator 14. It is also possible to be supplied with

The rotational speed or speed ratio is also determined by the electronic controller 20 during the speed reduction control. Can be set in advance.

The installation includes a second drive system 14 for the draft mechanism and also for the ring rail. The rotational speed of the draft mechanism cylinder is increased to a predeterminable minimum and continues control the descent at least until the draft mechanism is decoupled from the motor drive. It can be conveniently created as follows.

In this embodiment, the drive system 10.12 associated with the draft mechanism and spindle is Since they can be controlled separately, the rotational speed or speed ratio of each can be changed. Moreover, even the spinning stop progress can be variably preset.

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Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. At least in part, such as a spindle, draft mechanism, ring rail or similar Several disturbance systems for driving loads with significantly different effective durations ( 10, 12) and associated drive system (1 0) includes at least one asynchronous motor (14), and the asynchronous motor In normal operation, the rotation speed is controlled by the supply frequency, and in case of power failure a capacitor excitation generator for supplying at least one of the other drive systems (12). A textile machine, in particular a ring spinning machine, characterized in that it acts as an electric machine. 2. An asynchronous motor (1 4) includes a capacitor (18) connected in parallel to the stator winding (16) , a textile machine according to claim 1. 3. An asynchronous motor (1 4) associated with the drive system (10) for the spindle for ring spinning machines The textile machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. An asynchronous motor (1 4) or of the drive system (12) associated with the draft mechanism and/or the ring rail; Textile machine according to claim 3, wherein the textile machine is connected for energy supply. 5. At least one electronic control unit (20) is associated with the drive system (10, 12) The rotational speed or speed of the load and also the ratio of the rotational speed or speed are Any of claims 1 to 4, which can be preset via an electronic control device. Textile machinery as specified in Section 1. 6. The electronic control unit (20) controls the drive system (10, 12) in case of power supply failure. ) to a region where the rotational speed or speed is zero, and at the same time decrease the rotational speed and/or speed. including a spinning stop control device to maintain a predetermined ratio of degrees; A textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. Claims 1 to 6, wherein the electronic control device (20) is a battery buffer. Textile machinery specified in any one of the above. 8. In a ring spinning machine, for the draft mechanism and preferably for the ring rail. A drive system (12) for a predeterminable maximum Controlled descent to small speeds is possible and subsequent reciprocal release from at least the draft mechanism. Textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the action can be interrupted. 9. Electric motor (14, 22-38) of drive system (10, 12) or frequency Controllable via converter (42, 50: 42, 44: 42, 46: 42, 48) The textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The frequency converters are respectively a rectifier (42) and an inverter (44-50). Textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, formed accordingly. 11. Two transistors (58, 58': 60, 6 Circuit of three parallel branches (52, 54, 56) with 0': 62, 62') However, during power failure, an asynchronous motor (1 4) and two of each branch, each used as a connection for the starter winding (16). The connection point between the transistors and the direction opposite to the conduction direction of the collector-emitter path diodes (64-68, 64'-68') The collector-emitter path of each transistor, respectively bridged, is related using The textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: 12. At least the draft mechanism and the drive system associated with the spindle. (10, 12) are separately controlled for a predeterminable ratio change in rotational speed. The textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. Ring rail, especially spindle and ring rail speeds can be preset from claim 1, which is separately drivable and controllable for varying the ratio. Textile machinery specified in any one of items up to item 12. 14. The spindles are driven either as a groove or by individual motors (14); preferably with a common frequency inverter (42, 50) or with these electric motors (14). Textile machine according to one of the associated claims 1 to 13. 15. a drive system (12) associated with the draft mechanism and/or the ring rail; , a drive system (10) associated with the spindle, or via a DC intermediate circuit (70). using the energy from the supply network (72) from the common rectifier (42). During power failure, energy compensation is provided via the DC intermediate circuit (70). The textile machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the textile machine is operated at 16. The ring spinning machine has a draft mechanism and a ring rail in both cases on each side. The draft mechanism drags in line with each other, and the two ring rails Any of claims 1 to 15, in each case jointly controllable Textile machinery as specified in Section 1.