JPH034253B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for collecting buckwheat germ, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for collecting buckwheat germ, which is encapsulated in buckwheat seeds from buckwheat seeds generally called brown buckwheat seeds. This article relates to a method for collecting buckwheat germ, which is extremely nutritious as the source of buckwheat's vitality and can be used in various foods.

[Conventional technology]

Buckwheat seeds, commonly called brown buckwheat noodles, are triangular in shape and are surrounded by black buckwheat husks (also called seed coats), which are used as pillows. The part of the buckwheat grain is the buckwheat grain (also called the inner grain), and this buckwheat grain also contains the buckwheat germ. This buckwheat germ is extremely nutritious and can be used for various foods, but it is difficult to collect compared to germs from wheat, rice, etc., and there is no suitable method for collecting it, so it is not used for food. Not yet. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the germ 1 of wheat, rice, etc. is exposed from the endosperm 3 while attached to the epidermis 2, which is the outer layer.
When the rice is milled, it is exfoliated from the endosperm part 3 and can be easily collected. On the other hand, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, buckwheat grains have an endosperm part 5 covered with an aleurone layer 4, which is generally called cuticle, and the buckwheat germ is located almost in the center of this endosperm part 5. Moreover, it is difficult to collect buckwheat germ 6 because it is fragile. Therefore, the buckwheat germ 6 is powdered together with the endosperm part 5 and the aleurone layer 4 and used as buckwheat flour, or because it is difficult to crush compared to the endosperm part 5, a portion of the buckwheat germ 6 is discarded together with the buckwheat hulls 7 as lees during milling. This is the current situation.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, the present invention allows buckwheat germs, which could not be obtained conventionally, to be obtained in a state that maintains almost its original shape.
Moreover, we provide a method for collecting buckwheat germ that can be easily obtained, and buckwheat germ can be used as is, roasted, or
It is processed by steaming or other processes to make it edible, or it can be effectively used as an ingredient in food, drink, or processed foods.

[Means for solving problems]

The method for collecting buckwheat germ according to the present invention involves removing buckwheat husks from buckwheat seeds to obtain buckwheat grains, and crushing the buckwheat grains into 2 to 4 pieces. After being crushed in this manner, the buckwheat germ is sequentially sieved using a 10 to 18 mesh sieve, and the buckwheat germ is further separated by wind selection.

[Action of the invention]

In the present invention, the buckwheat husks are removed to obtain buckwheat grains, and the buckwheat grains are crushed into 2 to 4 pieces.
The buckwheat husk does not mix with the buckwheat germ, and the buckwheat germ is obtained with almost no damage, keeping almost its original shape. If the degree of crushing of buckwheat grains is severe, the buckwheat germ will be finely crushed together with the endosperm and aleurone layer and mixed with them, making it impossible to separate them by sieving or wind selection. On the other hand, if the degree of crushing is weak, the buckwheat germ cannot be exfoliated from the endosperm and the yield of buckwheat germ will decrease, so it is necessary to roughly crush the buckwheat germ into 2 to 4 pieces. By crushing, separation by sieving and wind selection becomes easier. In addition, since the sieving is performed sequentially through a 10 to 18 mesh sieve, buckwheat germs that are large in size and have a layer of aleurone attached to them, and buckwheat germs that have been crushed into powder, are removed. Furthermore, while the endosperm has a high specific gravity, the buckwheat germ has a lower specific gravity and is in the form of long thin flakes, so it can be reliably separated by wind selection.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the periphery is covered with buckwheat hulls 7 used for pillows, etc.
This is a method for collecting buckwheat germ 6 from a buckwheat seed A which has an edible part of buckwheat grains consisting of an aleurone layer 4 and an endosperm part 5, and further has a buckwheat germ 6 in the center of the endosperm part 5. It consists of the first step to the fourth step.

The first step is to remove the buckwheat hulls 7 from buckwheat seeds A to obtain buckwheat grains, which can also be called a buckwheat husking step.
It is in. First, impurities are removed from the buckwheat seeds by sieving, wind sorting, polishing, etc., and the seeds are divided into several types according to particle size. Buckwheat seeds A are the second
As shown in Figures and Figure 3, it has a trigonal shape and a nearly equilateral triangular cross section, but the size of the particles is irregular and varies depending on the place of production, type, cultivation conditions, etc. Therefore, if we classify the particles into several types depending on their size, we can of course remove the buckwheat hulls 7 in this process.
The next crushing process is also easy to perform. From the buckwheat seeds A that have been carefully selected and sized as described above, the buckwheat hulls 7 are peeled off using a mortar-type peeling machine, and the buckwheat hulls 7 and the buckwheat grains are separated by wind selection. After that, the buckwheat grains are sieved to obtain buckwheat grains that retain the original shape of the triangular shape. When the buckwheat grains obtained in this manner are crushed, the buckwheat hulls 7 are not mixed in.

In the second step, 2 to 4 buckwheat grains obtained in the first step are
Crush into pieces. For example, using a mortar-type crusher,
The buckwheat grains are crushed by adjusting the gap, rotation speed, etc. of the mill. In this crushing process, the buckwheat germ 6 in the center of the endosperm part 5 is exfoliated from the endosperm part 5, but if the gap between the mills is narrow and the rotation speed is too high, the buckwheat grains are crushed into fine pieces, and the buckwheat germs 6 are exfoliated from the endosperm part 5. Since it cannot maintain its original shape and is crushed, it becomes impossible to distinguish between the buckwheat germ 6 and the endosperm part 5. On the other hand, if the gap of the mortar is wide and the rotation is slow, the three-sided buckwheat grains remain unbroken, resulting in a poor exfoliation rate of the buckwheat germs 6 and a decrease in yield. By crushing the buckwheat grains into 2 to 4 pieces, even if the buckwheat germ 6 is fragile, it can be exfoliated without being damaged, keeping almost its original shape.

In the third step, the grains are sequentially sieved using a 10 to 18 mesh sieve to mainly distinguish the buckwheat germ 6 from other endosperm portions 5, aleurone layer 4, and fine grain portions. In the first stage of sieving, a 10-mesh sieve is used to separate large particles that are about the size of two pieces. A broken grain of this size has an aleurone layer 4 attached to one side, and an endosperm part 5 on the other side, from which the buckwheat germ 6 has been exfoliated. Large crushed grains that do not contain buckwheat germ 6 are removed. In the second stage, a 13-mesh sieve is used;
Separate the crushed grains of 1 to 13 meshes. The crushed grains of this size contain a large amount of buckwheat germ 6 in its original shape, and this buckwheat germ 6 has a flaky shape with an approximately petal pattern, as shown in Fig. 4, and is about 3 to 4 pieces. The endosperm part is mixed. In the third stage, a 16-mesh sieve is used to separate crushed grains of 13 to 16 mesh.
This section contains a mixture of slightly broken buckwheat germ and endosperm part 5 that is about 4 parts in size. Furthermore, in the fourth stage, an 18-mesh sieve is used to separate crushed grains of 16 to 18 mesh. This crushed grain does not contain the buckwheat germ that maintains its original shape, but contains a buckwheat endosperm smaller than a quarter and an aleurone layer. Below 18 grains, the endosperm that has become fine powder, the aleurone layer, and a very small portion of buckwheat germ are mixed together.

In the fourth step, buckwheat germ is separated by wind selection. In this step, buckwheat germ is separated from the crushed grains separated in the second and third stages of the sieving step by wind selection. The endosperm, which is divided into 2 to 4 parts, is lump-like and has an apparent specific gravity of 0.65 to 0.69.
g/ml, whereas buckwheat germ is flaky;
Furthermore, since its apparent specific gravity is 0.31 to 0.35 g/ml, which is smaller than that of the endosperm, it is easy to separate by wind selection, and it can be separated reliably.

Through the above-mentioned steps, buckwheat germs having a length of 3 to 5 mm and retaining almost their original shape as shown in FIG. 4 were obtained. This yield was about 40% based on the buckwheat germ contained in buckwheat grains. By the way, wheat contains approximately 2% germ, but the germ that can be collected is approximately
0.1%, and the yield is only about 5%.

It goes without saying that the endosperm and aleurone layer from which the buckwheat germ has been removed by sieving and wind selection are milled into buckwheat flour, but buckwheat husks are mixed in this buckwheat flour. Highly pure buckwheat flour can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, buckwheat germ which is nutritious and can be used in various foods can be obtained while maintaining its original shape. Also, even if a large number of pieces are crushed,
Since it is peeled from the endosperm in a state that clearly differs in particle size and specific gravity from other endosperm and aleurone layer, it is easy to sieve and separate by air, and it is possible to obtain extremely pure products that are not contaminated with buckwheat hulls, etc. A high yield of buckwheat germ can be obtained, and the operation is simple and can be used industrially.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of wheat, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of buckwheat seeds, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of buckwheat seeds, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of buckwheat germ. In the figure, A is a buckwheat seed, 4 is an aleurone layer, 5 is an endosperm part,
6 indicates buckwheat germ, and 7 indicates buckwheat husk.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Obtain buckwheat grains by removing buckwheat hulls from buckwheat seeds,
Crush the buckwheat grains into 2 to 4 pieces, and then
A method for collecting buckwheat germ, which comprises sequentially sieving using a sieve of 1 to 18 mesh, and further separating the buckwheat germ by wind selection.