JPH0337169A - Glazing method of solid design - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To readily form glaze layer having solid design of suitable thickness by irradiating laser light onto the surface of base material coated with glaze through a light transmission-screening design mask. CONSTITUTION:Whole of necessary surface of base material 1 to be glazed is coated with glaze to form a glaze layer 3. Laser light beam 4 is irradiated onto the glazed base material 1 through a light transmission-screening design mask 6 and the glaze in the part transmitted of the laser light is melted by the light to form design-like glaze layer. Glaze in the part without irradiation of the laser light by screening of the mask 6 is readily removed by washing in hot water, etc. By said method, a glaze layer of design having clear and solid feeling with suitable thickness is able to be readily formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for glazing with three-dimensional patterns. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method of forming a patterned three-dimensional glaze layer by irradiating the surface of a base material coated with a glaze with laser light through a light-transmitting pattern mask. According to the present invention, the glaze layer, which was conventionally difficult to form, can be easily formed.

Conventional technology and its problems In order to form a patterned layer of yuzu on a base material, conventionally a very thin layer of glaze is printed on the base layer by screen printing or transfer paper, and then fired using a kiln. A glaze layer was formed. However, with printing or transfer methods, it has been impossible to form a glaze layer with a three-dimensional effect because the glaze layer is very thin.

As another method, a method has been tried in which a patterned paper pattern is pasted onto a base material and a glaze is sprayed onto it. However, pasting and peeling off the paper pattern required tedious manual labor, and the applied glaze tended to get under the paper pattern and bleed, resulting in blurred images. Therefore, although it is possible to form a thick three-dimensional patterned glaze layer by firing this, it is not convenient from an industrial perspective.

The present invention unexpectedly solves the above problems.
An easy method of applying the glaze is provided.

Means for Solving the Problems Therefore, according to the present invention; a glaze is applied to the entire required surface of the base material to be glazed, and a laser beam is irradiated through a patterned mask having a light transmission blocking property to the patterned irradiated area. A method for applying glaze with a three-dimensional pattern is provided, which is characterized by forming a molten glaze layer.

As the above-mentioned base material, all base materials that can be glazed by conventional methods can be used, such as ceramics, ceramic products, metal products, cementitious materials, and the like. However, in the case of cementitious molded products, thermal deterioration may occur during glazing, so that at least the surface layer of the molded product to be glazed is essentially made of hydraulic cement and an effective amount of sintering vitrification material powder. Preferably, the material is a cementitious material.

At least the surface layer to be glazed of the cementitious molded product is made of hydraulic cement, a sintering effective amount of melting vitrification material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder, activated silicate mineral powder, aluminum silicate mineral powder, or two or more of these. Desirably, the cementitious layer consists essentially of a mineral powder selected from the group consisting of a mixture of the following, thereby providing a glazing method that further improves the efflorescence of the surface layer.

In addition, since the above-mentioned mineral powders, glass powders, etc. are relatively inexpensive, the entire molded and cured cementitious material contains hydraulic cement, a sintering effective amount of melting vitrifying material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder, It can be a cementitious material formed by molding and hydrating a mixture consisting essentially of mineral powder selected from the group consisting of activated silicate mineral powder, aluminum silicate mineral powder, and mixtures of two or more of these. .

The entire molded and cured cementitious material contains hydraulic cement, melt-vitrifying material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder,
Molding and firing (e.g. at 1000°C or higher) consisting essentially of mineral powder selected from the group consisting of activated silicate mineral powder, aluminum silicate mineral powder, and mixtures of two or more of these.
It is advantageous from the viewpoint of material strength to use a cementitious ceramic material made of

Functions and Effects According to the present invention, since the glaze is applied to the entire required surface of the base material by spraying or the like, the glaze can be applied to the required thickness. Next, a laser beam is irradiated through the pattern mask, so
The glaze that passes through the laser beam melts, forming a patterned glaze layer. The glaze that is not irradiated in the areas where the laser light is blocked by the mask is easily removed by washing with warm water or the like. Therefore, it is possible to easily form a glaze layer with an appropriate thickness and a three-dimensional pattern, which was impossible or difficult with the prior art. As illustrated in the Examples, by applying the present invention on a base material having a glazed layer, a patterned glaze layer with a more three-dimensional effect can also be formed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As noted above, any substrate that can be glazed by conventional methods can be used in the present invention. Since laser light is a high-heat beam, there are no particular limitations on the glaze to be used. Therefore, the specific cementitious base material and laser light irradiation will be described below.

(1) Raw materials for cementitious material As the hydraulic cement, any hydraulic binding material powder such as Portland cement, alumina cement, blast furnace cement, mixed Portland cement, etc. can be used.

The optional aggregate is preferably a stable material that does not undergo rapid expansion or contraction during the heating process (for example, ceramic chamotte), and river sand, sea sand, silica sand, andesite, basalt, hard sandstone, etc. can also be used. .

The vitrifying material powder described above forms a flux such as a glassy melt when heated and penetrates between particles of other materials to achieve a sintering effect.

Specific examples include various glass powders, commercially available frits, feldspar, shirasu, volcanic ash, and other vitrifiable igneous blue powders. Usually glass powder, feldspar powder or a mixture thereof is used.

The mineral powder selected from the above group (the preferred ingredient) needs to be finely granular from the viewpoint of its sinterability or high temperature reactivity, and generally has an average particle size of about 50 microns or less. The thickness is usually about 5 to 30 microns. The mineral powder is distinguished from aggregate for cement, and includes (a) one that is activated and sintered during heating and/or
or (b) reacts at high temperature with calcium components in cement to form a sintered high strength material.

Examples of the magnesium silicate mineral powder containing a silicic acid component and a magnesium oxide acid component include powders of talc, serpentine, chlorite, and the like. Usually serpentine powder, talc powder, or mixtures thereof are advantageously employed.

Layered silicate mineral powders or aluminum silicate mineral powders containing silicic acid components and aluminum oxide components include amorphous silica, finely powdered silica sand (coarse silica sand for aggregate is ineffective), pyrophyllite powder, and kaolin. Alternatively, clay mineral powder such as sericite is exemplified. Typically, waxite, finely divided silica sand, amorphous silica or mixtures thereof are advantageously used.

(2) Loading amount of raw materials The table below shows the preferred weight range of the heat deterioration resistant cementitious material containing the vitrifying material powder. To this is added an amount of water necessary for molding and hydration of the cement (for example, 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of water per 1 part of cement), and the mixture is mixed and molded. These compounding amounts indicate preferred effective amounts of each raw material to achieve the effects of the present invention.

Typical amounts of raw materials (parts by weight) Hydraulic cement 100 parts Vitrifying material powder Approx. 50-300 parts Mineral powder or mixture mentioned above (desired ingredients) Approx. 20-400 parts (preferably approx. 50-300 parts) Aggregate: Approximately 500-0 parts Typical raw material mix m (parts by weight) Hydraulic cement (e.g. Portland cement) 100 parts Vitrifying material powder (e.g. glass powder) Approximately 50-200 parts (e.g. around 100 parts) Silicic acid Magnesium mineral (e.g. serpentinite) about 50 to 200 parts (e.g. around 100 parts) Silicate mineral and/or aluminum silicate mineral (e.g. waxite) about 5 to 150 parts (usually about 10 parts)
~100 parts) (For example, around 50 parts) Aggregate: Approximately 300 to 0 parts (For example, around 150 parts) The total amount of other components is generally 600 parts or less with respect to 100 parts of cement.

(3) Irradiation of laser light The laser light used in the present invention is caused by stimulated emission by the energy level system of bound electrons in atoms and molecules.
It refers to a coherent light beam that is made by oscillating and amplifying light waves. Typically, gas lasers such as CO lasers and solid state lasers such as YAG lasers can be effectively used.

The output of the laser device used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably about 2kw or more, and about 5kw.
It is desirable that it be equal to or greater than w. The distance between the condensing lens of the irradiation device and the surface of the substrate is usually about 100 mm to 300 mm. However, since laser light is difficult to attenuate, there are no particular limitations.

The irradiation area of the laser beam on the substrate is generally about 1 in diameter.
It becomes a circular shape of about 0=J'Omm.

When the output of the laser beam is approximately 5KW, the laser gun or the substrate is scanned horizontally at a constant speed (usually several cm to several tens of cm/sec) at a constant scanning interval (laser beam irradiation). Depends on the area, but usually a few mm = + m
m).

The method of the invention is usually advantageously applied to substrates having a substantially planar surface to be glazed, but can also be applied to substrates having a curved surface.

In addition, when applying a glaze to the surface of a rod-shaped base material such as a cylinder or a cylinder, the rod-shaped base material to be glazed can be relatively moved while rotating, and the laser beam can be irradiated, for example.

The apparatus used according to the invention essentially consists of at least one laser gun and a support respectively holding the laser gun and, if necessary, the substrate to be glazed. Furthermore,
Means are provided for moving the gun support and/or the substrate support in order to uniformly apply laser light over the entire surface to be glazed. The above-mentioned movement means can be automatically controlled by electronics, if desired. These control means can be easily implemented, for example, based on common technical knowledge of automatic machine tools and the like.

Since there is virtually no attenuation, laser light can be guided to any location using 6→J and 11mm bow t□. (b) Since it is light, it is not affected by constituent substances such as plasma flame.
(c) By using an optical system, the shape and energy distribution of the irradiation beam can be changed freely; (d) there is little influence from wind, etc.; (e) there is a patterned mask that blocks light transmission immediately before or upstream of the surface to be irradiated. It has the advantage that it is possible to easily irradiate a mask or a square pattern by setting up a mirror, and that it is possible to irradiate complex front and back surfaces by using a reflective mirror or the like.

Specific example! = 30 parts by weight of glass powder, 301 parts of cement (ordinary Portland cement), and porcelain chamotte as aggregate (
After mixing and kneading 40 parts (particle size lam or less), 6 parts water I, and 1.2 parts methyl cellulose, extrusion molding
It was molded into a size of 0 mmq length IQQs+Il and thickness 10+m, hydrated and cured, and air-dried at 105°C to obtain a test specimen.

A glaze slurry consisting essentially of 100 parts by weight of blue frit powder, 150 parts by weight of water and 50 parts by weight of ethanol was applied to the upper surface of the test specimen 2 at a rate of about 0. It was spray coated to a thickness of 15 mm.

Using a laser (Cod) gun manufactured by Shimada Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., a light transmitting mask 6 with a polka dot pattern was placed on the glaze coated surface, and laser light 4 was irradiated under the following conditions, followed by cooling. (Although a low-power laser was used in this example, a laser with an output of 5 KW or more is desirable from an industrial perspective.) Laser light energy density: Approximately 2 QOW / Square condensing lens 5 / Distance of glaze surface: Approximately Scanning speed of 30 crs gun (left and right direction): Approximately 8 cm, 7 minutes Gun scanning interval (width direction): Approximately 8 questions After irradiation and cooling, the glaze-applied surface of the part that was not irradiated with the laser beam by the mask was soaked with hot water. After washing off, a beautiful cement piece was obtained with a three-dimensional glaze with polka dots about 0.1 mm thick. No deterioration in strength of the cementitious surface layer due to laser light irradiation was observed. The polka dot pattern glaze layer had a soft outline, which was preferable.

Example 2: Using the following test specimens (1), (2), and (3), glazing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using a light-transmitting mask.

(1) Waxite 2 as aluminum silicate mineral in parts by weight
0 parts, 20 parts of glass powder, 20 parts of ordinary Portland cement as cement, porcelain Nyamot (particle size 1
1 or less), 17 parts of water, and 1 part of methylcellulose were mixed, kneaded, and extruded into a mold with a width of 50 cm and a length of 1.
It was molded into a size of 00+u+ and thickness lol, hydrated and cured, and dried to obtain a test specimen.

(2) By weight, 20 parts of serpentine as magnesium silicate mineral, 20 parts of glass powder, 20 parts of ordinary Portland cement as cement, 40 parts of porcelain chamotte (particle size 1 mm or less) as aggregate, 17 parts of water, and 1 part of methylcellulose. After mixing and kneading, the mixture was extrusion molded to a size of 5 mm in width, 100 mm in length, and 110 mm in thickness, hydrated, cured, and dried to obtain a test specimen.

(3) The following mixture (parts by weight) was used as a raw material.

Ordinary Portland cement 100 parts Serpentine (1
(50 mesh or less) 50 parts Glass powder (100 mesh or less) 125 parts Waxite (20
0 mesh or less) 25 parts Colored chamotte aggregate (particle size 11 mm or less) 200 parts Water and methylcellulose were added to the above mixture, kneaded, extruded to a width of 50+wm and a thickness of 10++ua, and cut into lengths of 1001 to form samples. And so. The samples were hydrated and air dried at 105°C to prepare test specimens.

In this way, a cementitious board having a three-dimensional glaze with a polka dot pattern similar to that of Example 1 was obtained. The bolted plate of this example is further characterized in that there is substantially no risk of efflorescence on its unglazed surface and side surfaces.

Example 3: Ceramic tile specimens were prepared as follows. That is, 63% by weight of a mixture of raw talc and pottery stone and 30% by weight of a mixture of feldspar and Betalai L are mixed, and a paste layer is formed in a ball mill until the particle size of feldspar becomes about 2 microns or more. After mixing slurry clay 75 with this, it is dehydrated and milled to make clay. Press this clay at a pressure of 300
A molded body (10
0X 100X 5m1M).

The molded body was air-dried, a milky white glaze slurry was spray applied to the upper surface to a thickness of about 0.2 rom, and the green body was then heated in a tunnel kiln at a maximum temperature of 1150°C for 36 hours.
After firing for a period of time, a tile with a milky white glaze layer of 4 quality was obtained.

A blue glaze slurry was applied onto the glaze layer of the tile having the milky white glaze layer in the same manner as in Example 1, and the polka dot pattern mask was used to irradiate laser light to perform glazing.

A glazed tile board with a three-dimensional effect was obtained, which had a blue glaze layer with a polka dot pattern about 0.1 mm thick on the milky white glaze layer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an embodiment in which a patterned molten glaze layer is formed by irradiating laser light through a patterned mask in the present invention. ! ... Glazed base material; 2... Base material plate; 3...
Glaze layer: 4...Laser beam: 5...Condensing lens 20...Pattern mask.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Apply glaze to the entire required surface of the base material to be glazed,
A method for glazing a three-dimensional pattern, which comprises irradiating a laser beam through a patterned mask that blocks light transmission to form a molten glaze layer on the irradiated portion of the pattern. (2) The base material is made of a cementitious molded and cured product, and at least the surface layer to be glazed of the molded product is characterized in that it consists essentially of hydraulic cement and a sintering effective amount of meltable vitrifying material powder. The glazing method according to claim 1, wherein the glaze layer, the surface layer of the cementitious material, and the bonding strength inside the surface layer are improved. (3) At least the surface layer of the molded article is made of hydraulic cement,
a cementitious layer consisting essentially of a sintering effective amount of meltable vitrifiable material powder and a mineral powder selected from the group consisting of magnesium silicate mineral powder, activated silicate mineral powder, aluminum silicate mineral powder, and mixtures of two or more thereof; The glazing method according to claim 2, wherein the efflorescence of the surface layer is further improved. (4) The entire molded and cured cementitious material is selected from the group consisting of hydraulic cement, melt-vitrifying material powder, magnesium silicate mineral powder, activated silicate mineral powder, aluminum silicate mineral powder, and mixtures thereof on two sides. 3. The glazing method of claim 2, wherein the glazing is a cementitious ceramic material formed and fired, consisting essentially of selected mineral powders.