JPH0332655B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention provides an underwater rubble foundation leveling method for leveling the top surface of an underwater rubble foundation when constructing breakwaters, quays, sea walls, etc., and is directly applicable to its implementation. This article relates to an underwater rubble foundation leveling device.

``Conventional technology'' Various methods have been proposed as such leveling methods, but at present, the weight leveling method, which moves a weight up and down to compact and level the top surface of the rubble foundation, is the most effective method. The most practical, economical and widely implemented.

As one such method, the present applicant has already provided one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 12652/1983. this is,
A vertically elongated weight made of steel is assembled into a prismatic turret shape, and this turret-shaped weight is vertically suspended from the crane boom of a crane ship by a hanging wire and carried to the leveling position above the sea surface. After that, the suspended structure is lowered to the top surface of the rubble foundation, and a tower-shaped weight is moved up and down using a hanging wire to tamp and level the top surface with its lower end surface.

"The problem that the invention attempts to solve" However, this had the following problems.

(1) To transport an oar-shaped weight, it is necessary to vertically suspend it from the crane boom of a crane ship using a suspension wire and lift it to the required height above the sea surface. must be long enough to do so. For example, assuming that the top surface at a water depth of 30.0 m is to be leveled with a tower-shaped weight of 39.0 m in length, the required length of the crane boom is as follows.

(water depth 30.0) + (tidal difference 5.0) + (height of measurement point 2
.5) + (Height of measuring equipment 1.5) + (Length of hanging wire 5.0) + (Length of crane lifting hook 1.0) + (Length of hanging pulley 2.0) + (Length of hoisting for dropping 3.0) + (Length required for loading onto the crane ship 3.0) = 53.0m However, if the length of the crane boom is
If it were to reach 53.0m, not only would the crane itself be larger, but the hull would also have to be larger. In other words, a very expensive large crane ship must be prepared.

In addition, the work of hanging and unhanging a tower-shaped weight on a hanging wire requires a worker to climb on top of it and perform the work manually. Hanging and unhanging work is extremely dangerous work performed over 50 meters in the air and on a swinging tower-shaped weight. Furthermore, as the length of the crane boom becomes longer, its swing becomes larger, reducing work efficiency.

For this reason, it was virtually impossible to level water at a depth of 30 m or more using the method using a tower-shaped weight.

(2) Since the work of hanging and unhanging the oar-shaped weight on the lifting wire is a manual operation as described above, the crane ship must be evacuated immediately in the event of an emergency such as when the sea suddenly becomes stormy. I can't do it,
In some cases, the suspension wires were cut and the oar-shaped weights were dumped into the sea, making it impossible to retrieve them after evacuating.

(3) The oar-shaped weight had to be carried on board the crane, and special work was required to mount it.

An object of the present invention is to provide an underwater rubble foundation leveling method and apparatus that can eliminate such problems.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The structure of the underwater rubble foundation leveling method of the present invention is as follows.

A hollow casing having a thick steel plate on the lower surface and a hollow head storing a heavy load at the lower end is floated on its side on the sea surface by itself and towed to the destination sea area.

Therefore, by pouring water into the hollow casing, it is erected at a predetermined position on the top of the rubble foundation with its upper end protruding above the sea surface.

Furthermore, a weight suspended by a hanging wire is fitted and connected to the upper end of the hollow casing.

Thereafter, the hanging wire is wound in and let out to move the weight, hollow casing, and head up and down together, thereby compressing the predetermined position of the rubble foundation with the thick steel plate.

Furthermore, the configuration of the underwater rubble foundation leveling device of the present application is as follows.

A hollow casing is formed by connecting a plurality of cylinders in a separable and liquid-tight manner.

A weight with a hanger is detachably fitted into the upper end of the uppermost cylindrical body of the hollow casing.

A hollow head for storing a heavy object has its upper surface attached to the lowermost cylindrical body of the hollow casing, has a thick steel plate on its lower surface, and is interlocked with the hollow casing.

A water supply and drainage pipe is installed inside the hollow casing, and its upper end is opened to the peripheral wall of the uppermost cylindrical body, and its lower end is opened to the head.

An inlet and drain hose is connected to the opening at the upper end of this inlet and drain pipe, and an air supply and exhaust hose is connected to the peripheral wall of the uppermost cylindrical body.

"Function" According to the underwater rubble foundation leveling method of the present invention, the hollow casing with a head can be moved up and down with a weight fitted and connected to achieve the desired level without using a conventional large crane. Underwater rubble that can be easily applied, especially in sea areas where conventional steel assembly type oar-shaped weights cannot be used because they become taller as the depth increases and require a large crane. Suitable for basic leveling.

Furthermore, according to the underwater rubble foundation leveling device of the present invention,
The above construction method can be implemented easily and reliably.

"Example" An example of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the underwater rubble foundation leveling device according to the present invention consists of a cylindrical hollow casing 1 and a separate weight 2, and the weight 2 is attached to and detached from the upper end of the hollow casing 1. It is constructed by freely connecting.

The hollow casing 1 is composed of a plurality of cylinders 3 that are separably connected directly, that is, their flanges 4 are joined with bolts and nuts, and a hollow head 5 in the form of a parallelepiped is fixed to the lower end. A heavy object 6 is stored inside the head 5 to increase its weight, and a thick steel plate 7 is fixed to the lower surface of the head 5. The interior of the hollow casing 1 is made liquid-tight as a whole so that it can be floated, and the cylinders are separated by partition walls 8 at the joints of the cylinders 3, that is, at the upper or lower ends as shown in FIG. The chambers 9 are divided into the same number of chambers 9 as the body 3 in multiple stages, and the chambers 9 are connected to each other by communicating holes 10 bored in the partition wall 8.
communicated through. The edge of the communication hole 10 is sealed with a sealing material 11. The inside of the uppermost cylindrical body 3 has a partition wall 12 (first
The chamber 9 formed on the lower side is divided into upper and lower chambers 9 in a liquid-tight manner, and the upper side thereof is opened outward from the upper end, as described above. It's communicating. In order to sequentially supply and exhaust air into the lower chambers through the uppermost chamber 9, an air supply and exhaust hose 13 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the uppermost cylinder 3 as an air supply and exhaust section.

Also, in order to inject and drain water from the head 5 into the lowermost empty chamber 9 and then into the upper empty chamber 9, the same number of inlet and drain pipes 14 as the cylindrical bodies 3 are connected to the partition wall 8. The pipes 14 are connected to each other and fixed inside the hollow casing 1, and the connected water supply and drainage pipes 14 extend from the uppermost empty chamber 9 into the head 5, and their upper ends are connected to the water supply and drainage part on the peripheral wall of the uppermost cylindrical body 3. It is connected to a barrel filling and draining hose 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the flanges 16 at the upper and lower ends of each of the water supply and drainage pipes 14 are fixed to the partition wall 8, and the water supply and drainage pipes 14 communicate with each other through a communication hole 17 bored in the partition wall 8. The edge of the communicating hole 17 is sealed with a sealing material 18.

A weight mounting recess 19 is cut out at the upper end of the uppermost cylinder 3 with a phase difference of 90 degrees, as shown in FIGS.
is drilled. Each of the weight attachment recesses 19 has both side edges thereof curved outward from each other and widens toward the upper end.

On the other hand, the weight 2 is located at the upper end of the hollow casing 1,
That is, a hollow hanger 21 in the shape of a planar cross is fixed to the upper surface of the tube with a thickness such that it can be removably fitted into the upper end of the uppermost cylindrical body 3. Four hanging pieces 22 are fixed to the upper surface of this hanging tool 21, and a weight 2
are suspended by hanging wires 24 that connect shackle 23 to these hanging pieces 22.

Air cylinders 26 are arranged in each of the four hollow arms 25 of the hanging tool 21, as shown in FIG. Compressed air is supplied and discharged all at once through the distribution tank 27. Each arm 25
A recess 28 is formed in the lower surface of the cylinder 3 and is removably fitted into the upper end of the peripheral wall of the uppermost cylindrical body 3. A lock pin 29 is fixed to the piston rod of each air cylinder 26, and when the piston 30 of the air cylinder 26 moves forward, the lock pin 29 crosses the recess 28 and fits into a lock recess 31 formed on the inner surface of the recess 28. do.

Therefore, when the air cylinder 26 is moved forward after fitting the arm portion 25 of the hanger 21 into the weight attachment recess 19 of the uppermost cylinder 3, the lock pin 29 passes through the lock hole 20 of the cylinder 3. The weight 2 is inserted into the lock recess 31, and the weight 2 is detachably connected to the upper end of the hollow casing 1.

Two scale scales 32 are vertically fixed to the tips of the arms 25 of the hanging tool 21.

The construction method of the present invention is carried out as follows using the underwater rubble foundation leveling device configured as described above.

The hollow casing 1 and the weight 2 are separated, and the hollow casing 1 is laid down on its own as shown in FIG. Water is poured into the hollow casing 1 through the water injection hose 15 at the site. Due to this water injection, the air inside the hollow casing 1 is exhausted through the supply/exhaust hose 13.
As shown in FIG. 7, the hollow casing 1 sinks into the sea while gradually lowering its head 5, and becomes upright with its upper end protruding above the sea surface.

On the other hand, the weight 2 is suspended from the crane boom 34 by the suspension wire 24 and is lowered onto the upright hollow casing 1 and connected to the hollow casing 1 as described above. Through this connection, the hollow casing 1 and the weight 2 are suspended by the crane boom 34.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the hollow casing 1 is erected on the top surface 36 of the rubble foundation 35 to be leveled, and, for example, by reading the scale 32 with a surveying instrument 38 on the existing caisson 37,
Top surface 36 at the standing location of the hollow casing 1
Measure the height of. The falling height of the hollow casing 1 is calculated from this measured value and the planned height of the top surface 36, and after lifting the hollow casing 1 together with the weight 2 by the amount of the falling height, that is, the entire device, 24 is relaxed and allowed to fall onto the top surface 36. The weight of the entire device is the weight of the hollow casing 1, the head 5, and the weight 2 plus the weight of the water inside the hollow casing 1, and as the water falls, the top surface 36 is tamped and evened out. It is something that will be done,
The drop is particularly performed toward the apex of the convex portion of the top surface 36. This position can be estimated by standing the hollow casing 1 on the top surface 36 and measuring its height as described above, and also by looking at the direction in which the hollow casing 1 is inclined.

By performing such tamping on each convex portion of the top surface 36, the top surface 36 can be leveled to the planned height.

To separate the weight 2 from the hollow casing 1,
After the air cylinder 26 is moved back and the lock pin 29 is extracted from the lock hole 20, the weight 2 can be lifted up, and the weight 2 can be quickly separated.
Therefore, when the crane ship 33 needs to be evacuated because the sea suddenly becomes rough during leveling work, the weight 2 and the hollow casing 1 are separated as described above, and then the hollow casing 1 is moved to the ninth As shown in the figure, the crane ship 33 can be moored to, for example, an existing caisson 37 while standing upright in the sea, and the crane ship 33 can be immediately evacuated while the weight 2 is suspended from the crane boom 34.

To tow the hollow casing 1 to another location, compressed air is sent into the hollow casing 1 through the supply/exhaust hose 13, and the water therein is drained from the water supply/drainage hose 15, and the hollow casing 1 is floated and placed horizontally. The length of the crane boom 34 only needs to be long enough to simply hang the hollow casing 1 in an upright position, and does not need to be so long as to include the length of the hollow casing 1. .

Note that the floated hollow casing 1 may be carried on a barge.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, the construction method of the present invention has the following effects.

After the hollow casing is laid down on its side and floated to the site, it can be submerged and erected by injecting water, or conversely, it can be raised to the surface by draining water. The length only needs to be long enough to simply suspend the hollow casing in an upright state, and there is no need to make it long enough to include the length of the hollow casing as in the conventional case, so it can be easily used even in deep water. Can be constructed.

Since the length of the crane boom can be short, it can be carried out on a small crane ship even in deep water, making it economical and easy to work with.

Since the weight suspended by the crane boom and the hollow casing can be easily separated, the crane ship can be evacuated immediately when the sea becomes stormy.

By measuring the standing height of the hollow casing on the top surface of the rubble foundation and moving the hollow casing up and down according to the measured value, the top surface can be leveled to the planned height without directly surveying it.

Furthermore, the apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) By changing the number of cylinders connected, the length of the hollow casing can be adjusted to suit the depth of the water at the site.

(2) The head at the lower end of the hollow casing allows the hollow casing to sink vertically, and also allows the top surface of the rubble foundation to be tamped in an area wider than the cross-sectional area of the hollow casing itself. can.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the underwater rubble foundation leveling device of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a partially omitted perspective view and Figure 2 being a partially omitted perspective view.
The figure is a partially cutaway front view showing the relationship between the hollow casing and the weight, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view thereof, Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the connection structure of the cylinders constituting the hollow casing, and Figs. The figure shows one embodiment of the construction method of the present invention using this device according to the work procedure, and the fifth
The figure is a plan view, FIGS. 6 to 8 are side views, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view. 1...Hollow casing, 3...Cylinder body, 21...
Hanging tool, 2... Weight, 6... Heavy object, 5... Hollow head, 7... Thick steel plate, 14... Filling and draining pipe, 15... Filling and draining hose, 13... Supply/exhaust hose.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hollow casing having a thick steel plate on the lower surface and a hollow head for storing heavy objects at the lower end is floated on its side on the sea surface by itself and towed to a destination sea area, Then, by pouring water, the top of the rubble foundation is erected at a predetermined position with its upper end protruding above the sea surface, and a weight suspended on a hanging wire is fitted and connected to the upper end of the hollow casing, and the hanging wire An underwater rubble foundation leveling method characterized in that the predetermined position of the rubble foundation is compressed with the thick steel plate by moving the weight, hollow casing, and head up and down together by winding in and letting out. . 2. A hollow casing formed by connecting a plurality of cylinders in a separable and liquid-tight manner, and a weight with a hanging tool that is removably fitted to the upper end of the uppermost cylinder;
A hollow head whose upper surface is attached to the lowermost cylindrical body and has a thick steel plate on the lower surface and which communicates with the hollow casing and stores heavy objects; It consists of an inlet and drain pipe that opens in the peripheral wall and has its lower end opened in the head, an inlet and drain hose that connects to the opening at the upper end of the inlet and drain pipe, and an air supply and exhaust hose that connects to the circumferential wall of the uppermost cylindrical body. An underwater rubble foundation leveling device characterized by: