JPH0332419A - Method and apparatus for drawing wire without die - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the diameter of a wire shaped body form varying by detracting the tension of the wire shaped body from the torque variation of the take-off device on the coiler side and adjusting the cooling condition in accordance with the tension variation. CONSTITUTION:The torque variation of the take-off device 20 is detected by a torque detector 36 set on the axis of the take-off device 20 on the side of the coiler 22 and the cooling condition of a cooling means 18 for the wire shaped body 10 is adjusted in accordance with the tension variation of the wire shaped body 10 corresponding to this torque variation. The deformation resistance of the wire shaped body 10 is regulated by this adjustment and the wire diameter of the wire shaped body 10 is controlled to be prevented form variation. In this way, the variation of the wire diameter can be controlled with high precision.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is an improvement of a dieless wire drawing method and apparatus for reducing the diameter of a linear body having extremely poor workability by heating, cooling, and drawing to a diameter of m by heating, cooling, and drawing. It is related to.

(Prior art) Generally, a wire body is processed to a diameter of m by drawing (wire drawing), or in the case of a material with low deformability and easy to work harden, annealing is required after a slight reduction in cross section. , it is necessary to repeat wire drawing and annealing many times. This problem can be solved by hot working the material. but,
When processing materials that are relatively expensive and have a low production volume, hot rolling is unsuitable because the equipment is large and cannot be turned around easily, and hot wire drawing is not suitable because managing dies is troublesome and the processing conditions are difficult. It was inappropriate.

On the other hand, in dieless wire drawing, the equipment is small and the hot working conditions can be selected to be quite dead weight, so cold working has very poor workability, low deformability and high deformation resistance, but at high temperatures the deformation resistance is high. It is advantageous for processing metal materials that have lower deformability and higher deformability.

[Problem WU to be solved by the invention] As described above, dieless wire drawing is suitable for processing metal wires that have poor workability at low temperatures but high workability at high temperatures. Because water cooling was used, cooling could not be performed under constant conditions, resulting in fluctuations in the wire diameter, making it impossible to put it into practical use. In more detail, the heating of a linear body can be stabilized to a considerable extent by electric heating, but water cooling involves boiling of cooling water, so the cooling conditions tend to fluctuate. When drawing a wire at a high speed, the wire is sufficiently cooled, so even if there is a variation in the wire diameter, the variation can be suppressed within an acceptable range. However, when drawing a wire at high speed, cooling As the thermal conductivity between the heated linear body and the cooling water decreases due to the boiling of water, the deformation resistance passes through the cooling area with low deformation resistance, and this deformation resistance is Since the stress is concentrated in the lower part, the cross section of the linear body continues to decrease, and the linear body becomes constricted regardless of the speed ratio of the supply side and the winder side. Note that this constriction of the linear body also occurs when the linear body is locally overheated in the heating region due to surface defects.

In order to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks, the object of the present invention is to provide a dieless wire drawing method that can suppress the acceleration of constriction of the wire body as much as possible and prevent fluctuations in wire diameter even at high speed wire drawing. The device is a! It is about providing.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention unwinds a metal linear body whose deformation resistance decreases at high temperatures from a supply at a predetermined feeding speed. In a dieless wire drawing method in which the diameter of the wire is reduced by passing through a region where the wire is locally heated and then a region where the heated wire is rapidly cooled and then being taken off at a predetermined take-up speed that is faster than the drawing speed. ,
The tension of the linear body is detected from the torque fluctuation of the take-up machine on the winding machine side, and the deformation resistance of the linear body is reduced by adjusting the cooling conditions in the area where the linear body is cooled according to the fluctuations in tension. J
This invention provides a dieless wire drawing method characterized in that control is performed to prevent variations in the wire diameter of a wire body.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention also provides a first stage of feeding rH in which a metal linear body whose deformation resistance decreases at high temperatures is fed out from the supply at a predetermined feeding speed, and a local a heating means for heating the linear body, a cooling means for rapidly cooling the heated linear body, and a pulling means for drawing the linear body at a predetermined take-up speed faster than the feeding speed to reduce the diameter of the linear body. In the dieless wire drawing apparatus, there is a tension detection 'f-stage for detecting the tension of the linear body from the torque fluctuation in the first stage of drawing, and a Provided is a dieless wire drawing apparatus, further comprising a cooling area displacement means for displacing the cooling means in the drawing direction of the wire body so that the cooling start position of the wire body is adjusted according to fluctuations. It is something to do.

[Operation] In dieless wire drawing, a take-up machine on the supply side and a take-up machine on the winding machine side are driven at a fixed rate of speed according to the @quotient reduction rate of the wire, and the wires wound on each take-up machine are Although the tension of the wire body is exerted to reduce the cross section by aperture, the wire diameter can be controlled to a desired value by keeping the conditions of the heating region and the cooling region constant.

In the present invention, as described above, since the fluctuation in the tension of the linear body is detected from the torque fluctuation of the take-up machine on the winding machine side, it is possible to detect the occurrence of constriction in the linear body from this fluctuation in tension.
In addition, the cooling conditions of the cooling region are adjusted in response to this variation in tension.

The cooling conditions are adjusted as follows. In other words, if the linear body is insufficiently cooled after heating and the deformation resistance is reduced, a constriction occurs in the linear body and the tension becomes small.Therefore, the cooling conditions in the cooling area are such that the linear body is sufficiently cooled. It is adjusted as follows. Cooling conditions that can be adjusted to ensure sufficient cooling are, for example, moving the cooling start position to the upstream side of the linear body, lengthening the cooling area, or increasing the cooling rate per unit time (cooling The amount of water and the temperature of the cooling water may be increased.In this way, when the occurrence of constriction in the linear body is suppressed, the tension increases, so this is detected and the cooling condition is adjusted accordingly. In order to adjust the cooling conditions by displacement of the cooling region, the device for unoccurred IJI that can be returned starts cooling the linear body in response to fluctuations in the tension of the linear body detected by the fi force detection means. The cooling area displacement means is provided for displacing the cooling means in the drawing direction of the wire body so that the position is adjusted.Therefore, cooling after heating the wire body is insufficient and the deformation resistance becomes small. When a constriction occurs in the linear body and the tension decreases, the cooling stage 1 is displaced to the upstream side in the drawing direction and the cooling of the linear body starts earlier, so that cooling becomes sufficient and, therefore, the occurrence of a constriction in the linear body. is suppressed and the tension increases, and this increase in tension is detected.

The first cooling stage returns to its original position.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figs. 1 and 2 systematically show a wire drawing device that implements the dieless wire drawing method according to the present invention, The metal linear body lO to be drawn is transferred from the supply 12 to the capstan type pulling machine (1&
The film passes through an electric heating means 16 and a water-cooled cooling means 18 via an unwinding means (unwinding means) 14, and then is wound up by a winding machine 22 through a capstan-type winding machine (unwinding means) 20.

After the linear body 1O is locally heated by the heating means 16,
Although it is rapidly cooled by the cooling means 18 using water cooling, the
The wire is drawn by the drawing machine 120 at a predetermined speed faster than the drawing by the drawing machine 14 to reduce the diameter. Collection machine 14.
20 is a motor 24, a belt transmission mechanism 26, and a deceleration a28.
．． 30, the method of the present invention is driven via clutches 32 and 34, which are mounted on the shaft of the take-up machine 20 on the side of the winding a22 for torque detection! The torque fluctuation of the take-up a20 is detected by the l (four-stage tension detection) 36, and the cooling conditions of the cooling means 18 for the linear body lO are adjusted according to the fluctuations in the tension of the linear body lO corresponding to the torque fluctuations. The linear body lO by
The deformation resistance of Jl! L and L are controlled to prevent variations in the wire diameter of the linear body lO. As the cooling condition to be performed, for example, the cooling start position of the cooling means 18 is set to the linear body lO
For example, the cooling area may be shifted to the hML side, the cooling area may be lengthened, or the amount of cooling D1 per unit time (the amount of cooling water, the temperature of the cooling water) may be increased.

As already mentioned, the pulling machine 14 on the supply 12 side and the pulling machine 20 on the winding @22@ are driven at a constant speed according to the cross-sectional reduction rate of the linear body IO, and each pulling machine 14 . By keeping the conditions constant, it is set to a desired value.

However, if the cooling means 18 is a water-cooled type, boiling of the cooling water within the cooling means 18 may cause insufficient cooling due to a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient between the linear body lO and the cooling water. A constriction occurs in the body lO. Therefore, in order to prevent the acceleration of this constriction, it is necessary to monitor the cooling state within the cooling means 18, or because fluctuations in the cooling state occur on the order of 1/10 seconds, the temperature fluctuations during that time must be controlled by the cooling conditions. Therefore, in the present invention, since the tension of the linear body 10 decreases due to the constriction of the linear body 10, fluctuations in the tension of the linear body 10 can be detected on the winding machine 22 side. The constriction of the linear body 1O, that is, the deterioration of the cooling state, is detected by detecting the torque fluctuation of the pulling machine. still.

The constriction of the linear body 1 can also occur, for example, when heat is concentrated on surface defects or the like of the linear body 10 in the heating means 16 and the heating progresses too much. lO
It can be detected by the tension fluctuation. Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the cooling conditions of the cooling region are adjusted in response to this variation in tension. As already mentioned, if cooling of the linear body 1O after heating is insufficient, the deformation resistance becomes small.

A constriction occurs in the linear body 10, reducing the tension, and therefore the cooling conditions in the cooling region are adjusted so that the linear body 10 is sufficiently cooled. That is, the cooling start position of the cooling means 18 may be displaced to the upstream side of the linear body lO, or the cooling means 18 may be
Sufficient cooling can be achieved by lengthening the cooling region of the cooling means 18, increasing the amount of cooling water per unit time in the cooling means 18, or increasing the temperature of the cooling water. In this way, when the generation of the constriction of the linear body 10 is suppressed, the tension of the linear body 10 increases, which is detected and the cooling conditions are returned to the original state. It will be understood that the cooling conditions are adjusted so that cooling is promoted even when overheating occurs due to surface defects in the linear body IO, so that constriction caused by such a cause is also suppressed.

The tension of the linear body lO is detected from the torque fluctuation on the axis of the take-up machine 20 on the winding machine 22 side by the torque detection 2136, but in this way, the #l diameter of the take-up a120 is not too small. As long as the torque is not excessive, small fluctuations in tension due to the constriction of the linear body can be easily detected with high accuracy. Although variations in the wire diameter occur within a short time on the order of 1/10 seconds, the torque of the take-off machine 20 on the aItlt machine 22 side responds to variations in the wire diameter without time delay, and therefore, variations in the wire diameter are detected immediately. be able to.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a cooling area displacement means 40 for displacing the water cooling jacket 38 of the cooling means 18 in the drawing direction of the linear body 10 in order to adjust the cooling conditions of the cooling means 18. , a movable pedestal 42 on which a water cooling jacket 38 is supported, a pair of guide rods 46 (only one guide rod is shown) passing through the pedestal 42 via bearings 44, and a step motor 48. It consists of a screw shaft 52 extending from a speed reducer 50 connected to the output shaft of the step motor 48 and screwed into the protruding piece 42a of the pedestal 42. Figure 4 shows the step motor 48
A drive means 54 is shown for driving this WIA! The j1 means 54 includes an amplifier 56 that amplifies the output of the torque detector 36.
The control circuit 58 calculates the direction and magnitude of the cooling condition of the rejection means 18 based on the output of the amplifier 3156.
8 is rotated in a predetermined direction at a predetermined angle.

Therefore, as already mentioned, when the torque detector 36 detects that the tension in the linear body 10 has become small and detects the occurrence of a constriction in the linear body 10, the control circuit 58 moves the step motor 48 into the cooling jacket. 38 is driven in a direction in which it is displaced upstream in the wire drawing direction. In this way, the heating means 1
The linear body 10 heated in step 6 enters the water cooling jacket 38 immediately after heating and cooling starts quickly, so that overheating of the linear body 10 is suppressed and the part of the linear body 10 where the constriction begins However, the progress of constriction can be suppressed by quickly sending the cooling water of the cooling means 1B to an area where boiling has not occurred and where the cooling capacity is sufficient (the area at the back of the cooling means). In this way, when the progression of constriction has subsided, the linear body l
When the tension of O increases, the control circuit 58 rotates the step motor 48 in the opposite direction to return the water cooling jacket 38 to its original position, and steady dieless wire drawing is performed.

5 to 7 show other specific means for adjusting the cooling conditions of the cooling means 18.

In the means shown in FIG. 5, the cooling means 18 consists of a plurality (five) of water cooling jackets 38A, 38B, 38C, 138D, 38E, and three water cooling jackets 38C to 38E on the downstream side.
allows cooling water to flow through so as to have constant cooling a*, and the two water cooling jackets 38A and 38B on the upstream side are connected to the valve 39.
It is connected to a cooling water source via ports A and 39B so that it can be used selectively. With the means shown in FIG. 5, when it is detected that the tension in the linear body 10 has become small, the valve 39B of one or two water cooling jackets 38B or 38B and 38A on the upstream side is activated depending on the fluctuation of the tension. Alternatively, 39B and 39A can be opened to allow cooling water to flow through, thereby providing the same rotating function as the embodiment shown in FIG. In the case of this embodiment, since the cooling area becomes longer, the cooling performance is improved, and the steady cooling state can be returned in jM time.

FIG. 6 shows a means according to another embodiment of the present invention for adjusting the cooling conditions in which a movable partition wall 60 is provided in the water cooling jacket 3B, and this partition wall 604° is connected to the step motor 4B.
From there, the screw shaft .=2 screws into the screw ring 62 to the right. The means of this embodiment also displaces the movable partition wall 60 in response to fluctuations in the tension of the linear body 1O to adjust the cooling start position of the water cooling jacket 38, and the volume is changed to 311ti so that the cooling area expands and contracts. Similar to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the cooling conditions can be divided into m sections.

In the means shown in FIG. 7, the cooling means 18 includes a plurality of (six) cooling water injection nozzles 64A, 64B, 64C, 64D, 64E,
Consisting of 64F, three cooling water injection nozzles 64 on the downstream side
D to 64F inject cooling water so as to have a constant cooling function, and three cooling water injection nozzles 64A, 64 on the upstream side
B and 64C are connected to a cooling water source via valves 65A, 65B, and 65C, respectively, so that they can be used selectively. The function of the embodiment of FIG. 7 is substantially the same as that of the embodiment of FIG.

Next, to describe a specific example of the present invention, a stainless steel wire with a diameter of 5.5 mm was placed at each of
Turn winding, heating means 16 between both pulling at4.20
The stainless steel wire is heated to a predetermined humidity by an induction heating coil, and immediately downstream, the heated stainless steel wire is water-cooled by a cooling means 18, and the sea side take-up speed is 8.
m/min, supply side take-up (feeding) speed 4 m/min (
Dieless wire drawing was performed with an area reduction rate of approximately 50%). The target wire diameter is 3.
The torque of the take-off machine on the 0 winder side, which was 9 mm, was detected by a torque detector, and based on the fluctuation from the set value, the drive torque of the take-off machine on the supply side was controlled so as not to deviate from the target value. The water cooling jacket was displaced upstream in the wire drawing direction by the means shown in FIG. While the wire diameter of the stainless steel wire controlled by this method did not exceed ±0.05 mm from the target value, if the other conditions were exactly the same and the control of the present invention was not performed, the wire diameter would fluctuate. is maximum 0
．． It was 3 mm.

In another specific example of the present invention, 5US304 with an outer diameter of 5.5 mm and a thickness of J'J of 1.2 mm was used as the workpiece material instead of the stainless steel wire, and was controlled by the method of the present invention. did not exceed ±0.05 mm. On the other hand, when other conditions were exactly the same and the control of the present invention was not performed, the maximum variation in wire diameter was 0.35 mm.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, as described above, it is possible to prevent +L variations in the wire diameter due to the development of constrictions during wire drawing of a linear body, and also prevent this variation in the wire diameter. The fluctuations in the tension of the linear body necessary for There is the practical benefit of being able to detect and therefore suppress variations in wire diameter with high accuracy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic system diagrams of an apparatus used to carry out the dieless wire drawing method according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of one specific example of the means for adjusting the cooling conditions used in the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of one example of the control system used for adjusting the embodiment of FIG. Kazuhito lineage, Figures 5 to 7
The figures are schematic sectional views of different embodiments of other specific means for adjusting cooling conditions used in the present invention. 10--- Linear body, 12--- Supply, 14
．． 20----One take-up machine, 16----Heating means, l
8-----1 cooling means, 20---- winding machine, 36-
--- Torque detector, 3B --- Ichiki cooling jacket, 40 --- Cooling area displacement means, 4B --- Step motor, 58 --- One control circuit. patent shipper

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A metal linear body whose deformation resistance decreases at high temperatures is fed out from the supply at a predetermined feeding speed, and the area where the linear body is locally heated is then rapidly cooled. In a dieless wire drawing method in which the diameter of the linear body is reduced by passing through a region and taking it off at a predetermined take-up speed faster than the unwinding speed, By detecting tension and adjusting cooling conditions in the cooling region according to fluctuations in the tension, the deformation resistance of the linear body is adjusted to prevent fluctuations in the wire diameter of the linear body. A dieless wire drawing method characterized by control. (2) a feeding means for feeding out a metal linear body whose deformation resistance decreases at high temperatures from the supply at a predetermined feeding speed;
heating means for locally heating the linear body; cooling means for rapidly cooling the heated linear body; A dieless wire drawing apparatus comprising a pulling means for reducing the diameter of the linear body, and a tension detecting means for detecting tension in the linear body from torque fluctuations of the pulling means, and The method further comprises cooling area displacement means for displacing the cooling means in the drawing direction of the linear body so that the cooling start position of the linear body is adjusted according to fluctuations in the tension of the linear body. A dieless wire drawing device featuring: