JPH07185641A - Wire drawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a wire diameter constant and to improve quality by automatically controlling a wire drawing speed according to the wire diameter of a wire rod to be worked after passage through a die. CONSTITUTION:The wire rod W to be worked is drawn through the die 2 after heating by 2 heater 2 and is taken up on a winder 8. A wire diameter measuring instrument 11 measures the wire diameter of the wire rod taken up to be worked and outputs the measured diameter to a controller 12. The target value of the wire diameter inputted from a control panel 13 is compared with the measured value from the wire diameter measuring instrument 11 in this controller 12. When the both values are not equal the optimum speed of the un-winder 5 is calculated in accordance with the difference between the both values and is outputted an inverter 7. The inverter 7 controls the number of revolution of a motor 6 to obtain the optimum speed of the un-winder 5 in order to regulate the measured value of the wire diameter to a set target value. Then, the wire rod W delivered from the un-winder 5 moves at the optimum speed for setting the measured value of the wire diameter at the target value of the wire diameter and is drawn.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wire drawing machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a wire drawing machine that applies drawing force to a wire to be processed and draws it through a die to perform wire drawing, the wire diameter of the wire to be processed is controlled by the diameter of the die. The wire drawing process is performed under the processing conditions so that the wire diameters of the processed wire rods match.

Further, hot working is performed on a wire to be worked which is made of a certain hard-to-work material. This hot working refers to heating and working regardless of whether or not the material to be processed is recrystallized. The temperature at which the wire to be processed is heated in this hot working has a temperature peculiar to the material, and if wire drawing is performed outside this suitable temperature range, a defect may occur in the wire to be processed after wire drawing, Further, there may occur a trouble such as breakage of a wire to be processed during wire drawing.

[0004]

In the conventional wire drawing method, since the wire diameter of the wire to be processed is controlled by the diameter of the die, the wire drawing speed, the temperature of the wire to be processed, the area reduction rate, the drawing force,
Tapering due to bearing length and die wear,
The phenomenon of tip overweight may occur, and the die diameter and the wire diameter of the wire material to be processed may not always match, resulting in defective products.

For example, when a wire to be processed is drawn at an appropriate temperature for the material, the temperature of the material on the die exit side becomes high, and the wire to be processed may become tapered. In this case, the wire diameter after wire drawing is smaller than the die diameter, resulting in dimensional defects.

The inventions of claims 1 and 2 have been made based on the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a wire drawing machine capable of automatically and accurately managing the wire diameter of a wire rod to be processed. To do.

[0007]

A wire drawing machine according to the invention of claim 1 is a wire drawing machine for applying a drawing force to a wire to be processed and passing it through a die to perform drawing wire drawing. Wire diameter measuring means for measuring the wire diameter of the drawn wire rod, wire drawing speed control means for controlling the wire drawing speed of the wire rod to be processed, and wire diameter target value of the wire rod to be processed by wire drawing The wire diameter measurement means compares the wire diameter measured value of the wire to be processed and the wire diameter measured value is applied to the wire to be processed by the wire drawing speed control means in order to reach the wire diameter target value. And a control means for controlling the magnitude of the wire drawing speed.

A wire drawing machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is a wire drawing machine which applies a drawing force to a wire to be processed and draws it through a die to perform wire drawing. A wire diameter measuring means for measuring the wire diameter of the processed wire rod, a rear tension applying means for applying a rearward tensile force opposite to the drawing force to the wire rod to be processed before passing through the die, and an extension. The wire diameter target value of the wire to be processed by wire processing and the wire diameter measurement value of the wire to be processed measured by the wire diameter measuring means are compared to set the wire diameter measured value to the wire diameter target value. And a control means for controlling the magnitude of the backward pulling force applied to the wire to be processed by the tension applying means.

[0009]

The operation of the wire drawing machine of the first aspect of the invention will be described.

The deformation resistance value of the material decreases as the temperature of the wire to be processed on the die exit side rises. When the tensile stress of the wire to be processed due to the drawing force in wire drawing becomes larger than the reduced deformation resistance, the wire to be processed is plastically deformed and the wire diameter decreases or breaks. The cause of the temperature fluctuation of the wire to be processed on the die exit side is mainly determined by the balance of the heat generated by the work, heat input by frictional heat, and heat escaping through the die. If the speed of the wire to be processed is high, it is difficult for the heat to dissipate. Clogs, by adjusting the wire drawing speed of the wire to be processed, the temperature of the wire to be processed on the die exit side can be adjusted and the wire diameter of the wire to be processed can be controlled to be constant.

The operation of the wire drawing machine according to the second aspect of the present invention will be described.

Consider how the wire diameter of the wire to be processed changes by applying a tensile force to the wire to be processed backward. By the elementary solution method (slab method), the cross-sectional area before the processed wire passes through the die is A0, the diameter is d0, the cross-sectional area immediately after the processed wire passes through the die is A1, the diameter is d1, and the processed Let A be the cross-sectional area and d be the diameter when the wire rod passes through the die and is extended forward.

The pulling force applied to the wire to be processed when no backward pulling force is applied to the wire to be processed is Pz = A1 Ym [{(1 + 1 / (μcot α)} {1− (A1 / A0) ^{μcot α} }]: It is Formula 1.

Here, Ym is the average deformation resistance, μ is the friction coefficient, and α is the die angle.

In addition to this, a backward pulling force PB is applied to the wire to be processed.
The withdrawal force PZB when is added is: PZB = PB + (A1 / A0) ^{1 + μcot α} : Formula 2

Next, the cross-sectional area A1 of the wire to be processed immediately after wire drawing,
Considering that the diameter d1 and the length L1 are extended to the cross-sectional area A, the diameter d, and the length L2 by the drawing force PZB, the strain is
ε = ΔL / L1 = L / L1-1, A1 L with constant volume
1 = AL, therefore = A1 / A-1, A = 1 / (1 + ε)
A1: Formula 3 is given.

Considering the processed wire as a completely plastic body, σ =
σy + Fε, therefore ε = (σ−σy) / F: Formula 4 is obtained.

Substituting equation 4 into equation 3, A = {F / (F
+ Σ-σy)} A1: Formula 5 This formula shows that the cross-sectional area of the wire rod to be processed after wire drawing changes from A1 to A due to the drawing force. Formula 2 to Formula 5
Substituting B / A1, A = (FA1) / [F + (PZ / A1) + {(PB / A
1) (A1 / A0) ^{1 + μcot α} } ^-σy ].

Therefore, it is understood that A is a function of PB, and the target value A can be obtained by controlling PB.

A specific calculation example is shown for reference. d0 = 1.5
mm, d1 = 1.22 mm, α = 12 °, μ = 0.1, material after wire drawing σy = 100 Kgf / mm ² , F = 100 Kgf
/ Mm ² From this, Ym = 86 Kgf / mm ² .

Using the above values, the rearward pulling force PB is set to 10
The value of the wire diameter d when changing from 0 Kgf to 150 Kgf is obtained. According to the diagram in Fig. 3, if d = 1.15, it is about 140
It is understood that it is sufficient to apply a backward pulling force of Kgf to the wire to be processed.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

An embodiment of the invention of claim 1 is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In this embodiment, hot working for heating the wire to be worked is adopted.

The structure of the wire drawing machine will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a die for passing the wire W to be processed, 2 is a heating device for heating the wire W to be processed before passing through the die 1, 3 is a temperature control device for controlling the heating temperature of the heating device 2, and 4 is a heating device. 2 is a thermometer for measuring the heating temperature, 5 is an unwinder for holding and feeding the coiled wire W to be processed, 6
Is a motor that drives the unwinder 5 to rotate, 7 is an inverter that controls the rotation speed of the motor 6, 8 is a winder that winds the wire W that has been drawn through the die 1, and 9 is a winder 8 A motor for rotating
Reference numeral 0 is an inverter for controlling the rotation speed of the motor 9. The unwinder 5 is an example of a wire drawing speed imparting means.

Reference numeral 11 is a wire diameter measuring device for measuring the wire diameter of the wire W to be processed which has been drawn by passing through the die 1. 1
Reference numeral 2 is a control device (programmable controller) that is a wire drawing speed control means, and 13 is a control panel for inputting information to the control device 12. Here, the control device 12 receives information from the thermometer 4, the wire diameter measuring device 11 and the control panel 13, and outputs control instruction information to the inverter 5, the inverter 9 and the temperature control device 3. . Further, the control device 12 measures the wire diameter by comparing the input wire diameter target value of the wire rod W to be processed by wire drawing with the measured wire diameter of the wire rod W to be measured by the wire diameter measuring device 11. The wire drawing speed control means controls the size of the wire drawing speed applied to the wire W to be processed so that the value becomes the target value of the wire diameter.

Next, a method of wire drawing will be described with reference to FIG.

The control panel 12 sets and inputs the wire diameter target value to the control device 11, and the control panel 12 sets and inputs the heating temperature of the heating device 2 to the control device 11 (S1) and (S2). The coiled wire W is set in the unwinder 5, and the wire W is pulled out and set in the winder 8 (S3). Then, the wire drawing machine is started (S4), the control device 12 outputs a command to the inverter 10 to rotationally drive the motor 9 to rotate the winder 8 in the winding direction of the wire to be processed (S5), and the control device. 11 outputs a command to the inverter 7 to rotationally drive the motor 6 to rotate the unwinder 5 in the wire-drawing-out direction of the wire to be processed (S6). Here, the control device 12 causes the inverter 10 to rotate the winder 8 and the unwinder 5 at a rotation speed corresponding to the target wire diameter in order to perform the wire drawing of the wire W to be processed with the target wire diameter target value. , 7 to output a rotation speed control command to control the rotation speeds of the motors 9 and 6.

The wire W to be processed is discharged by the rotation of the unwinder 5 and the unwinder 5 and the unwinder 5 are rotated.
And moves through the heating device 2 at a speed according to the number of revolutions. Here, the control device 12 instructs the temperature control device 3 to set the temperature set by the control panel 13 in order to perform the wire drawing of the wire W to be processed with the wire diameter target value as a target. The control device 3 sets the temperature for heating the wire rod W of the heating device 2 to the set temperature.

The wire W to be processed heated by the heating device 2 is drawn by passing through the die 1 and drawn. The drawn wire W subjected to the wire drawing is wound by the rotating winder 5. Here, the wire diameter measuring device 11 measures the wire diameter of the other processed wire rod 11 that has been pulled out through the die 1, and outputs the measured wire diameter value to the control device 12 (S7). In the control device 12, the wire diameter target value set and input from the control panel 13 is compared with the wire diameter measured value of the wire W to be processed input from the wire diameter measuring device 11, and the wire diameter measured value is the wire diameter. It is determined whether or not it matches the target value (S8). When the wire diameter measured value does not match the wire diameter target value, the optimum speed of the unwinder 5 is calculated based on the amount of the difference so that the wire diameter measured value becomes the wire diameter target value. An unwinder operation amount is calculated based on the calculation result and output to the inverter 7. The inverter 7 controls the rotation speed of the motor 6 so as to obtain the optimum speed of the unwinder 5 in order to bring the measured wire diameter to the target wire diameter. Therefore, the wire W to be processed delivered from the unwinder 5 is moved and drawn at the speed of the optimum size for making the measured wire diameter the target value of the wire diameter, and as a result, the wire W to be processed is drawn. The wire diameter of the wire W to be processed after wire processing is controlled (S9).

In this way, the wire diameter of the wire rod W to be processed is automatically adjusted by increasing or decreasing the wire drawing speed of the wire rod W to be processed according to the size of the wire diameter of the wire rod after wire drawing. It is possible to obtain a wire rod that can be managed well and whose quality is stable. Further, this makes it possible to increase the wire drawing speed, cope with the high-pressure draw-drawing, and perform both hot working and cold working.

Further, the thermometer 4 outputs the measured temperature value of the heating device 3 measured to the control device 12. Receiving this information, the control device 12 commands the temperature control device 3 to change the temperature of the heating device 2 so that the temperature of the wire to be processed does not change after heating due to an increase or decrease in the drawing speed of the wire W to be processed. Is output (S10), (S11), (S12). For this reason,
The variation in temperature of the processed wire W due to the increase or decrease in the drawing speed of the processed wire W is small, and the finish of the wire diameter can be made constant.

Next, the embodiment of the invention of claim 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
The description will be made with reference to FIG.

In the wire drawing machine of this embodiment, a method of increasing / decreasing the number of revolutions of the unwinder is adopted as a means for applying a backward pulling force to the wire to be processed. Further, in this embodiment, hot working for heating the wire A to be processed is adopted.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The wire drawing machine having the same configuration as that of the embodiment of the wire drawing machine of the invention is used.
Therefore, the description of the structure and operation of the wire drawing machine is omitted.

Features of the present invention will be described.

Here, when wire-drawing the wire W to be processed, the controller 12 wire-winds the winder 8 and the unwinder 5 in order to wire-draw the wire W with a target wire diameter target value. A rotation speed control command is output to the inverters 10 and 7 so as to rotate at a rotation speed according to the target value, and the rotation speeds of the motors 9 and 6 are controlled.

Then, when subjecting the wire W to be processed to wire drawing, the device to be controlled 12 receives the wire diameter target value set and input from the control panel 13 and the wire to be processed W input from the wire diameter measuring device 11. The measured wire diameter is compared with the measured wire diameter to determine whether or not the measured wire diameter matches the target wire diameter. If the wire diameter measurement value does not match the wire diameter target value, the magnitude of the rearward pulling force on the wire W to be processed is set so that the wire diameter measurement value becomes the wire diameter target value based on the amount of the difference. calculate.

An unwinder operation amount is calculated based on the calculation result and output to the inverter 7. The inverter 7 controls the rotation speed of the motor 6 so as to apply a backward pulling force of an optimum magnitude to the wire W to be processed in order to bring the measured wire diameter to the target wire diameter. Therefore, the work wire rod W delivered from the unwinder 5 is applied with a rearward pulling force of an optimum magnitude for setting the wire diameter measurement value to the wire diameter target value.

In this embodiment, the unwinder 5 is an example of rearward tension applying means, and the controller 12 is an example of controlling means.

In this way, an appropriate amount of pulling force is applied to the wire W to be processed backward in accordance with the wire diameter of the wire to be processed after wire drawing, and the wire to be processed is likely to fluctuate due to disturbance. The variation of the wire diameter of the wire W can be suppressed, the wire diameter can be automatically and accurately controlled, and the wire can be obtained with stable quality. Further, this makes it possible to increase the wire drawing speed, cope with the high-pressure draw-drawing, and perform both hot working and cold working.

Particularly in the case of hot working, the temperature of the wire to be worked after wire drawing rises, it is difficult to stabilize the wire diameter such as tapering, and it is necessary to take measures such as slowing down the wire drawing speed.
The present invention is effective.

It is also effective to control the temperature of the heating device 3 as in the wire drawing machine of the first aspect of the invention.

As means for applying a backward pulling force to the wire rod W to be processed, there is a method of applying a braking force to the wire rod W to be processed by a braking member in addition to the embodiment. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be modified and implemented in various ways. For example, the wire drawing machine according to the first and second aspects of the present invention is not limited to wire drawing by hot working, and can also be applied to wire drawing by cold working.

[0044]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, the wire drawing speed of the wire to be processed is controlled in accordance with the wire diameter of the wire to be processed after wire drawing. The wire diameter of the processed wire can be controlled automatically and accurately, and the wire can be obtained with stable quality.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the wire diameter of the wire to be processed is given by applying a backward pulling force to the wire to be processed according to the size of the wire diameter of the wire to be processed after wire drawing. Can be automatically and accurately controlled, and the wire material can be obtained with stable quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a wire drawing machine according to the inventions of claims 1 and 2. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control procedure in the wire drawing machine according to the inventions of claims 1 and 2.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rear tensile force applied to the wire to be processed and the wire diameter in the invention of claim 2.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Die, 2 ... Heating device, 3 ... Temperature control device, 4 ... Thermometer, 5 ... Unwinder,
8 ... Winder, 11 ... Control device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A wire drawing machine for applying a drawing force to a wire to be processed and passing through a die to perform drawing wire drawing, and a wire diameter for measuring a wire diameter of the wire to be processed drawn through the die. Measuring means, wire drawing speed control means for controlling the wire drawing speed of the wire to be processed, wire diameter target value of the wire to be processed by wire drawing and wire diameter of the wire to be processed measured by the wire diameter measuring means. And a control means for controlling the magnitude of the wire drawing speed applied to the wire to be processed by the wire drawing speed control means so as to compare the wire diameter measured value to the wire diameter target value. A wire drawing machine characterized by that. 2. A wire drawing machine for applying a drawing force to a wire to be processed and drawing it through a die to perform wire drawing, and a wire for measuring a wire diameter of the wire to be processed drawn through the die. Diameter measuring means, backward tension applying means for applying a backward pulling force opposite to the drawing force to the wire to be processed before passing through the die, and wire diameter of the wire to be processed by wire drawing By comparing the target value and the wire diameter measurement value of the wire to be processed measured by the wire diameter measuring means to the wire diameter measured value by the rear tension imparting means to set the wire diameter measured value to the wire diameter target value. A wire drawing machine comprising: a control means for controlling the magnitude of the backward pulling force applied.