JPH03274695A - 有機薄膜el素子 - Google Patents
有機薄膜el素子Info
- Publication number
- JPH03274695A JPH03274695A JP2072203A JP7220390A JPH03274695A JP H03274695 A JPH03274695 A JP H03274695A JP 2072203 A JP2072203 A JP 2072203A JP 7220390 A JP7220390 A JP 7220390A JP H03274695 A JPH03274695 A JP H03274695A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- layer
- organic
- thin film
- organic thin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- APLQAVQJYBLXDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum quinoline Chemical compound [Al+3].N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 APLQAVQJYBLXDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical class C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical class [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WISWLZYHZLVSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-2-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC(=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 WISWLZYHZLVSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005725 8-Hydroxyquinoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MASVCBBIUQRUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N POPOP Chemical compound C=1N=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2OC(=CN=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 MASVCBBIUQRUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXMKEYXDFDKKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bilane Chemical compound C=1C=C(CC=2NC(CC=3NC=CC=3)=CC=2)NC=1CC1=CC=CN1 AXMKEYXDFDKKIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical class C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005516 deep trap Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002987 phenanthrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004059 quinone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003518 tetracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004961 triphenylmethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
Landscapes
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
め要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
発光素子に関するものである。
富な材料数と分子レベルの合成技術で、安価な大面積フ
ィルム状フルカラー表示素子を実現するものとして注目
を集めている。例えばアントラセンやペリレン等縮合多
環芳香族系を原料としてLB法や真空蒸着法等で薄膜化
した直流駆動の有機薄膜発光素子が製造され、その発光
特性が研究されている。
有機薄膜発光素子が報告され、強い関心を集めている(
アプライド・フィジックス・レターズ、51巻、913
ページ、1987年)。報告によれば、第4図に示すよ
うに、強い蛍光を発する金属キレート化合物を発光M4
4に、アミン系材料を正孔伝導性有機物の正孔注入層4
3に使用し、これらをガラス基板41上に形成された透
明電極42と金属電極45との間に挿入することにより
、明るい緑色発光を得たことが開示されており、6〜7
■の直流印加で約100 cd/m2の輝度を得ている
。
以下の低温成膜プロセスで製造でき、かつ赤から青まで
の発光素子を安価に提供できる可能性を秘めている。
膜EL素子の印加電圧に対する発光特性は、電圧印加時
間と共に高電圧側にシフトする傾向があり、この現象は
、有機材料を取り替えても観測され、素子構造自体に原
因があると考えられている。このような素子の駆動と共
に発光特性が変化してしまう現象は、次のような問題を
引き起こしている。即ち、発光閾値電圧の上昇は、容易
な駆動法である定電圧駆動を困難にし、更に発光効率の
低下を招いていた。また、輝度低下を補償するために駆
動電圧を上げることは、素子発光効率、絶縁破壊、発熱
による素子劣化の力I速を招いていた。
色・高輝度発光が可能であり、素子劣化が少なく長寿命
で実用性のある有機薄膜EL素子を提供することを目的
とする。
くとも一方が透明である一対の電極間に、少なくとも1
以上の電荷注入層と少なくとも1以上の有機蛍光体より
なる発光層との積層膜が形成された有機酵11WEL素
子において、少なくとも一方の積層膜と電極との間に有
機電荷移動錯体と電荷注入材料あるいは有機電荷移動錯
体と有機蛍光体を含む混合層を挿入したことを特徴とす
る有機薄膜EL素子である。
ある一対の電極間に、少なくとも1以上の電荷注入層と
少なくとも1以上の有機蛍光体よりなる発光層との積層
膜が形成された有機薄膜EL素子において、少なくとも
一方の積層膜と電極との間に電極材料と電荷注入材料あ
るいは電極材料と有機蛍光体を含む混合層を挿入したこ
とを特徴とする有機酵111EL素子である。
圧印加時間と共に高電圧側にシフトする現象は、有機薄
膜EL素子に使用している有機材料に対する依存性は少
なく、素子構造自体に原因がある。
エネルギー障壁が電圧印加時間と共に高くなることに起
因している。この点に関して種々検討した結果、強電界
電荷注入により電極界面で深いトラップレベルが生成さ
れ、これにより電極界面に同極性電荷層、すなわちホモ
電荷層が形成されることが判明した。新たに形成された
ホモ電荷層は界面のエネルギー障壁を高くする。ホモ電
荷は素子駆動と共に蓄積され、その結果、駆動電圧か電
圧印加時間と共に上昇してゆく。
積される電荷量と電vJ@幅のべき乗に比例している。
電極界面に集中していたホモ電荷層を分散し、電荷層幅
を広げることにより、エネルギー障壁幅の上昇を抑える
ことかできる。
て、電極と接する有機薄膜層に有機電荷移動鏡体あるい
は電極材料を添haした混合層を挿入する。
の密着性が向上するので、その結果、電極剥離による素
子劣化を大幅に低減できる。
なる透明電極2を形成してから、N、N、N’、N’−
テトラフェニル−4,4゛−ジアミノビフエニル(以下
、ジアミンと略記する。)からなる正孔注入層3を60
0A、有機蛍光体としてトリス〈8−ハイドロキシキノ
リン〉アルミニウム(以下、アルミキノリンと略記する
。〉を使用して発光層4を500A形威した。引き続い
て、TTF (テトラチオフルバレン)とTCNQ (
テトラシアノキノジメタン)からなる有機電荷移動錯体
とアルミキノリンを含む混合層5を第2図に示すような
連続的に変化する分布で300Å形成する。最後にMg
とinを10:1で混合した合金の金属電極6を電子ビ
ーム蒸着法で1500 A形成して有機簿膜発光素子が
完成する。
5Vの直流電圧の印す口で300 cd/m2の緑色の
発光が得られた。この有機薄膜発光素子を電流密度0.
5 mA/Cm2の状態でエージング試験をしたところ
、輝度半減時間は1000時間以上であった。従来の素
子では100から500時間であったから、この素子の
信頼性は大幅に改善されている。
低下した。
ミニウム有機蛍光体を用いたが、アントラセン誘導体、
ピレン誘導体、テトラセン誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、
ペリレン誘導体、キノン誘導体。
ド誘導体、フタロペリノン誘導体、シクロペンタジェン
誘導体、シアニン誘導体、その他可視領域で強い蛍光を
発する有機物を発光層4の材料に使用しても同様な効果
が認められた。また、これらの有機蛍光体に、10−5
〜10−2mol程度のローダミン、シアニン、ビラン
、クマリン、フルオレン、POPOP、PBBO等、他
の蛍光の強い有機分子をざらに添加して、発光波長を変
えることができる。透明電極2はITO以外に、ZnO
:A2や5rlO2: Sb、I n203、Au。
電性材料であればよい。
あればMcNn以外でもよい。
強い蛍光を発するぺ1ルン誘導体を発光層4に用い、正
札注入層3としてトリフェニルメタン誘導体を用いた有
機薄膜EL素子を作製した。混合層5はペリレン誘導体
100%からMg 100%まで、電極方向に連続的に
変化させた。最後にMCIとInが10:1で混合した
合金の金属電極6を電子ビーム蒸着法で1500 A形
戒して有機薄膜発光素子が完成する。
有機発光層の密着性に優れ、長時間駆動しても電極の剥
離は観測できなかった。
強い蛍光を発するナフタルイミド誘導体を発光層34に
、電子注入層35としてアルミキノリンを用いた。
とCuIxを、およびアルミキノリンとTTF・TCN
Q錯体をそれぞれ連続的に変化したちのよりなる。最後
にMgとInが10:1で混合した合金の背面金属電極
37を電子ヒーム蒸着法で150OA形成して有機薄膜
発光素子が完成す〜る。
センなどを用いてもよい。更に、ジアミン等、正孔注入
層を正孔注入電極であるITO界面に挿入した4層ある
いはITO界面と正孔注入層の間に、例えばジアミンに
CIJ I、を添加した混合層を挿入した5M構造の素
子でも同様な効果が得られた。
が連続的に変化したものを用いたが、不連続に変化する
もの、あるいは均一組成のものであってもよい。また、
混合層に含ませる材料は、隣接する電極あるいは有機層
の構成成分に限定されることはなく、要求特性を満足す
るものであればよい。
素子に比べて発光特性の駆動時間に対する特性のドリフ
トが少ない優れた素子を提供することが可能となった。
機薄膜EL素子が提供できる。
施例における混合層の組成分布図、第3図は本発明の別
の一実施例の断面図、第4図は従来技術による有機薄膜
EL素子の断面図である。 1、31.41・・・ガラス基板 2、32.42・・・透明電極 3.43・・・正孔注入層 4、34.44・・・発光層 5、33.36・・・混合層 6、37.45・・・金属電極 35・・・電子注入層
Claims (2)
- (1)少なくとも一方が透明である一対の電極間に、少
なくとも1以上の電荷注入層と少なくとも1以上の有機
蛍光体よりなる発光層との積層膜が形成された有機薄膜
EL素子において、少なくとも一方の積層膜と電極との
間に有機電荷移動錯体と電荷注入材料あるいは有機電荷
移動錯体と有機蛍光体を含む混合層を挿入したことを特
徴とする有機薄膜EL素子。 - (2)少なくとも一方が透明である一対の電極間に、少
なくとも1以上の電荷注入層と少なくとも1以上の有機
蛍光体よりなる発光層との積層膜が形成された有機薄膜
EL素子において、少なくとも一方の積層膜と電極との
間に電極材料と電荷注入材料あるいは電極材料と有機蛍
光体を含む混合層を挿入したことを特徴とする有機薄膜
EL素子。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2072203A JP2926845B2 (ja) | 1990-03-23 | 1990-03-23 | 有機薄膜el素子 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2072203A JP2926845B2 (ja) | 1990-03-23 | 1990-03-23 | 有機薄膜el素子 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03274695A true JPH03274695A (ja) | 1991-12-05 |
JP2926845B2 JP2926845B2 (ja) | 1999-07-28 |
Family
ID=13482445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2072203A Expired - Lifetime JP2926845B2 (ja) | 1990-03-23 | 1990-03-23 | 有機薄膜el素子 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2926845B2 (ja) |
Cited By (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04132189A (ja) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-05-06 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 有機薄膜el素子 |
JPH0711244A (ja) * | 1993-06-24 | 1995-01-13 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 薄膜電界発光素子並びにその製造方法 |
WO1996005267A1 (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1996-02-22 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Organic electroluminescent device |
US5876786A (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1999-03-02 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Insitute | Method of manufacturing organic/polymer electroluminescent device |
WO2000001204A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-06 | Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd. | Ecran electroluminescent |
JP2000315580A (ja) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-14 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子およびその製造方法 |
US6456003B1 (en) | 1999-01-28 | 2002-09-24 | Nec Corporation | Organic electroluminescent devices and panels |
JP2003203781A (ja) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-07-18 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 発光装置 |
US6818324B1 (en) | 1997-10-09 | 2004-11-16 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Organic thin-film EL device |
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