JPH03264000A - Ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents
Ultrasonic sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03264000A JPH03264000A JP2063085A JP6308590A JPH03264000A JP H03264000 A JPH03264000 A JP H03264000A JP 2063085 A JP2063085 A JP 2063085A JP 6308590 A JP6308590 A JP 6308590A JP H03264000 A JPH03264000 A JP H03264000A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- acoustic impedance
- ultrasonic sensor
- matching
- acoustic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000145591 rattan cane Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は超音波センサに関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor.
［従来の技術］
セラミックあるいは磁歪トランスデユーサの音響インピ
ーダンスは、媒体のそれに比べて桁違いに大きなインピ
ーダンスを有し、音波放射効率を高めるためにはトラン
スデユーサと媒体との音響インピーダンスの整合を行う
必要がある。従来このための手段として、高分子系（シ
リコン、エポキシ等）樹脂の中に有機又は無機系の微小
中空球を混練した複合材を用い、トランスデュ〜すと媒
体との中間の音響インピーダンスを得、そしてこの複合
部材がトランスデユーサの音波放射面に貼着され整合層
として用いられていた。[Prior Art] The acoustic impedance of a ceramic or magnetostrictive transducer is an order of magnitude larger than that of the medium, and in order to improve the sound wave radiation efficiency, it is necessary to match the acoustic impedance of the transducer and the medium. There is a need to do. Conventionally, as a means for this purpose, a composite material in which organic or inorganic microscopic hollow spheres are kneaded into a polymeric (silicon, epoxy, etc.) resin is used to obtain an acoustic impedance intermediate between the transducer and the medium. , and this composite member was attached to the sound wave emitting surface of the transducer and used as a matching layer.
しかしながら、高分子系樹脂中に微小中空球を密度を均
一に混線することが離しく、かつそれ等を混練する際に
入り込む空気によって生ずる気泡を除去するために真空
脱泡を行う必要がある事、微小中空球は極めて低い比Ｉ
の粉体であるので、混線工程においては空中への飛散防
止に特別な配慮が必要である等々、安定した性能を有し
かつ又経済的な手段によってそれを製造することには困
難な間組が多々あり、結果として安定した、しかも安価
な超音波センサを製品として提供することはできなかっ
た。However, it is difficult to mix micro hollow spheres with uniform density in polymer resin, and it is necessary to perform vacuum defoaming to remove air bubbles caused by air that enters when kneading them. , the micro hollow sphere has an extremely low ratio I
Since it is a powder, it requires special consideration to prevent it from scattering into the air during the wiring process, and it is difficult to manufacture it by economical means with stable performance. As a result, it was not possible to provide a stable and inexpensive ultrasonic sensor as a product.
〔本発明が解決しようとする間組点コ
本発明においては、超音波センサの製造工程を安定化し
かつ経済的効果を上げることを目的とするもので、特に
超音波センサの性能を大きく因果づけるトランスデユー
サと、媒体である空気或は水等の音響インピーダンスの
不整合によるばらつきを経済的材料と製造方法によって
防止して、実効性能の安定化を図るものである。[The problems to be solved by the present invention] The present invention aims to stabilize the manufacturing process of ultrasonic sensors and increase the economic effect. The purpose is to stabilize the effective performance by preventing variations due to mismatching of acoustic impedance between the deducer and the medium, such as air or water, by using economical materials and manufacturing methods.
音響インピーダンスの不整合の原因はよく知られている
通り、トランスデユーサと媒体の音響インピーダンスの
差が相当大きく相違するためで、これを防ぐにはインピ
ーダンスの整合機能を有する層をそれ等の間に配するこ
とが良策であることも又良く知られているところである
。As is well known, the cause of acoustic impedance mismatch is the considerably large difference in acoustic impedance between the transducer and the medium. It is also well known that it is a good idea to place
しかしながら、これ等の整合部材を安定的にかつ経済的
手段によって製造する方法は、前述したとおり未だ確立
されていない。However, as mentioned above, a method for manufacturing these alignment members stably and economically has not yet been established.
Ｃ解決の方法コ
本発明においては製造部材として入手安易な木材を使用
する。木材のぎ響インピーダンスは木の種類により固有
の値を示し、例えば
へｂｉｅｓ ｃｏｎｃｏｌｏｒ （［の木） ： ２
３．２５Ｘ１０’ ｋｇ／ｍ″Ｓ八ｃｅｒ へａｍｐｅ
ｓｔｒｉｓ（かえで） ： ２０．４６Ｘ１０’ ｋ
ｇ／ｍ’ｓＣａｌａｍｕｓ ｒｏｔａｎｇ
： １２．６５Ｘ１０’ ｋｇ／ｍ’５Ｃｏｒｋ ＩＶ
ｏｏｄ ： １．００Ｘ１０’ ｋ
ｇ／ｒｎ’ｓ（日刊工業新聞社発行超音波技術便覧より
）今必要とされる音響整合部材の音響インピーダンスは
、一般によく知られる整合条件よりトランスデユーサと
媒体各々の音響インピーダンスの幾何学的平均値であり
、その厚さは１／４波長であることが望ましく、媒体が
空気の場合、常温における空気の音響インピーダンスは
約４００ ｋｇ／ｍ’ｓ、トランスデユーサがセラミッ
クの場合、その音響インピーダンスは３０Ｘ１０’ ｋ
ｇ／ｍ’ｓである。よって整合層は１．ｌＸ１０’ ｋ
ｇ／ｍ’ｓの音響インピーダンス値が好ましい。C Solution Method In the present invention, readily available wood is used as a manufacturing member. The acoustic impedance of wood shows a unique value depending on the type of wood, for example, the acoustic impedance of wood: 2
3.25X10'kg/m''S8cer ampe
stris (maple): 20.46X10'k
g/m's Calamus rotang
: 12.65X10'kg/m'5Cork IV
ood: 1.00X10'k
g/rn's (from the Ultrasonic Technology Handbook published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun) The acoustic impedance of the acoustic matching member that is required now is based on the geometrical acoustic impedance of the transducer and the medium, based on the generally well-known matching conditions. It is an average value, and its thickness is preferably 1/4 wavelength. When the medium is air, the acoustic impedance of air at room temperature is approximately 400 kg/m's, and when the transducer is ceramic, its acoustic impedance is approximately 400 kg/m's. Impedance is 30X10'k
g/m's. Therefore, the matching layer is 1. lX10'k
Acoustic impedance values in g/m's are preferred.
この条件を満足しかつ入手安易な本積として例えばＣｏ
ｒｋ、 Ｂａ Ｉ ｓａ材があげられる。これ等の本
積の音響インピーダンスは０．８−１．５ＸＩｆ）’
ｋｇ／ｍ’ｓであり、トランスデユーサと空気との整合
部材として適する値を示している。For example, Co
Examples include rk, Ba I sa materials. The acoustic impedance of these products is 0.8-1.5XIf)'
kg/m's, which is a value suitable for a matching member between the transducer and air.
これ等の材料によって作成された音響整合層はトランス
デユーサより発生したエネルギーを極めて効率よく媒体
中に音波放射を行い、その放射レベルは従来製法による
プラスチック整合層に比べ同等以上の値を示す。Acoustic matching layers made of these materials radiate the energy generated by the transducer into a medium very efficiently as sound waves, and the radiation level is equal to or higher than that of conventionally manufactured plastic matching layers.
これ等の木材の耐湿性、防水性向上のために、木材整合
層の表、側面、あるいは全体を樹脂コーティングを施す
ことも超音波センサの特性安定化のために有効な方法で
ある。In order to improve the moisture resistance and waterproof properties of these woods, applying a resin coating to the surface, side surfaces, or the entire surface of the wood matching layer is also an effective method for stabilizing the characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor.
更に整合部材の多孔質、吸水性を積極的に利用し、シリ
コンあるいはエポキシ樹脂を整合材木片のトランスデユ
ーサ貼着面側にしみ込ませることにより、木片内部に音
響インピーダンス勾配を持たせることも本発明の範囲に
属するものである。Furthermore, it is also possible to create an acoustic impedance gradient inside the piece of wood by actively utilizing the porosity and water absorption properties of the matching material and infiltrating the side of the matching piece of wood with silicone or epoxy resin on the side where the transducer is attached. It falls within the scope of the invention.
又、第２の整合層としてシリコンあるいはエポキシ樹脂
からなる層をトランスデユーサ側に付加しその上に上記
の木片整合層を重ね合わせる構造にすれば層間のインピ
ーダンス整合が極めてスムースであり、従来複数の整合
層を設けた場合の欠点とされていた整合層重ね合わせ面
での音波の反射を低減させることができる。In addition, if a layer made of silicon or epoxy resin is added as a second matching layer to the transducer side and the above-mentioned wood chip matching layer is superimposed on it, impedance matching between the layers is extremely smooth. It is possible to reduce the reflection of sound waves at the overlapping surface of the matching layers, which was considered to be a drawback when a matching layer is provided.
このような構成からなる超音波センサは極めて安定した
特性を有する。The ultrasonic sensor having such a configuration has extremely stable characteristics.
［実施例１］
圧電性素子の音波放射面にＢａ１ｓａ材を貼着し、木片
外周部をその音響インピーダンスよりも大きい音響イン
ピーダンスを有する金属、あるいはプラスチックリング
で固定してなる超音波センサは極めて安定した性能を示
し、かつ経済的価格で市場に供給することが可能である
。[Example 1] An ultrasonic sensor made by attaching Balsa material to the sound wave emitting surface of a piezoelectric element and fixing the outer periphery of a piece of wood with a metal or plastic ring that has an acoustic impedance larger than that of the piezoelectric element is extremely stable. It is possible to exhibit excellent performance and supply the market at an economical price.
［実施例２］
前述実施例の整合用木片のトランスデユーサ面に高分子
系樹脂（シリコン、エポキシ等）をしみ込ませ、音波放
射方向に向かって音響インピーダンスの勾配を設けた整
合部材は、更に安定した特性を得ることができる。もち
ろん木片にしみ込ませる樹脂をトランスデユーサと木片
との貼着に兼用することも可能である。[Example 2] A matching member in which the transducer surface of the matching wooden piece of the above-mentioned example is impregnated with a polymeric resin (silicon, epoxy, etc.) to provide a gradient of acoustic impedance in the sound wave emission direction is further manufactured. Stable characteristics can be obtained. Of course, it is also possible to use the resin that is impregnated into the wood piece for adhesion between the transducer and the wood piece.
第１図は従来の超音波センサの構造断面図であり、第２
、第３図は本発明の一実施例の空中用超音波センサの構
造を表した断面図である。Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a conventional ultrasonic sensor.
, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of an airborne ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (3)
た超音波センサにおいて、トランスデューサと媒体との
インピーダンス整合を行うための音響整合層を部材とし
て木材質を用いたことを特徴とする超音波センサ。(1) An ultrasonic sensor using a ceramic or magnetostrictive transducer, characterized in that an acoustic matching layer for impedance matching between the transducer and a medium is made of wood as a member.
めに樹脂コーティングを施したことを特徴とする超音波
センサ。(2) An ultrasonic sensor characterized in that the entire or part of the member is coated with a resin coating for waterproofing and moisture proofing.
ーダンス値に、インピーダンス勾配を持たせたことを特
徴とする超音波センサ。(3) An ultrasonic sensor characterized in that an acoustic impedance value in an acoustic matching layer formed of the above member has an impedance gradient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2063085A JPH03264000A (en) | 1990-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Ultrasonic sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2063085A JPH03264000A (en) | 1990-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Ultrasonic sensor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03264000A true JPH03264000A (en) | 1991-11-25 |
Family
ID=13219143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2063085A Pending JPH03264000A (en) | 1990-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Ultrasonic sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03264000A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008089569A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-04-17 | Nippon Soken Inc | Ultrasonic sensor and obstacle detector |
| JP2013143587A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-22 | Nippon Ceramic Co Ltd | Aerial ultrasonic wave transducer using acoustic matching layer |
-
1990
- 1990-03-13 JP JP2063085A patent/JPH03264000A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008089569A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-04-17 | Nippon Soken Inc | Ultrasonic sensor and obstacle detector |
| JP2013143587A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-22 | Nippon Ceramic Co Ltd | Aerial ultrasonic wave transducer using acoustic matching layer |
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