JPH0325691B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a small garbage incinerator.

Garbage is generated day and night in ordinary households and businesses. Incinerators are widely used as a means of disposing of waste, and there are various structures, but conventional incinerators produce only a small amount of waste per day (for example,
(200Kg or less), there was no suitable and highly practical incinerator.

In other words, if the amount of emissions is small, it is generally considered easy to incinerate, but regardless of the amount of emissions, garbage often has different types and properties such as general garbage plastics, and waste plastics in particular have a large amount of gas. The amount of air required for combustion is three to four times the theoretical amount, and it is necessary to provide this air (secondary air) while allowing a certain residence time in a high-temperature atmosphere for thermal decomposition. No. Therefore,
Equipment such as a burner and fuel such as kerosene or propane gas are essential, and a long flue distance is required to obtain the residence time.

As a result, the structure of the conventional method is unnecessarily large despite the small amount of incineration, and it is not possible to incinerate waste plastics smokelessly and odorlessly, resulting in high equipment and operating costs. I couldn't avoid it.

The present invention was created after repeated research to solve the problems of conventional incinerators as described above.
The purpose is to provide an extremely compact incinerator of this type that can efficiently process general garbage and waste plastics in a smokeless and odorless manner.

In addition to the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a small incinerator of this type that can be used as an indoor heater similar to a stove or as a heat recovery device for hot water supply, and can be easily moved indoors or outdoors.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a main body including a silo for storing garbage and performing internal heat carbonization, a residual ash chamber separated from the silo by a rostol, and a residual ash chamber partitioned by a blind board. Lower chambers are successively installed to use radiant heat from the residual ash chamber to externally carbonize waste plastics, and a cylindrical combustion tower is inserted from the lower chamber through the silo. A garbage carbonization gas introduction hole is provided at a position corresponding to the residual ash chamber, a secondary air introduction hole is provided at a position corresponding to the residual ash chamber, and a polymer carbonization gas introduction hole is provided at a position corresponding to the lower chamber.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a small garbage incinerator according to the present invention. 1 is a cylindrical main body made of galvanized SS material, and the bottom is a floor plate made of fireproof material. 11 are provided.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a silo provided below from the top of the main body 1, and is a zone where miscellaneous garbage A is mainly stored and internal heat carbonization is performed. This silo 2 is closed by a lid 21, and the lid 21 has an input port 22 that can be opened and closed freely.
and a primary air intake port 23 are provided. The lower part of silo 2 is partitioned with rostle 24,
A peephole 25 is provided on the side.

3 is a residual ash chamber formed below the rostol 24 forming the bottom of the silo 2, and a blind plate 5 made of zinc-plated heat-resistant steel or fire-resistant material is stretched at the bottom of the residual ash chamber 3. has been done. A secondary air intake port 31 that also serves as an ash outlet is provided on the side of the residual ash chamber 3.

A lower chamber 4 is formed in a zone extending from the blind plate 5 to the floor plate 11 of the main body 1, and is a space mainly for processing polymeric waste B. An input port 41 is provided on the side of the lower chamber 4.

A combustion tower 6 has a cylindrical or tubular shape and is installed vertically from the lower chamber 4 through the blind plate 5 and the roaster 24 to reach the lid body 21. In this embodiment, a chimney 10 is fitted concentrically to the upper end of the combustion tower 6.

In the combustion tower 6, an introduction hole 7 for garbage carbonization gas is formed in a part corresponding to the silo 2, and an introduction hole 8 for secondary combustion air is formed in a part corresponding to the residual ash chamber 3. An introduction hole 9 for polymer carbonization gas is formed in a portion corresponding to the lower chamber 4 . In this embodiment, the introduction holes 7, 8, and 9 are formed at equal intervals around the entire circumference. The size and number of the introduction holes 7, 8, and 9 may be changed in each part, and the shape etc. may be adjusted so as to generate airflow or turbulence in the connection direction.

The silo 2 has a larger volume than the residual ash chamber 3 and the lower chamber 4, and a roller member 12 is attached to the bottom of the lower chamber 4, that is, to the bottom side of the main body 1.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a water wall 13 is formed around the outer periphery of the main body 1 by a heat-resistant steel plate 131 or the like.
A water supply pipe 14 and a hot water supply pipe 15 are connected to appropriate places on the water wall 13.

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, when incinerating garbage, garbage A is charged into the silo 2 through the input port 22, and polymeric garbage B is charged into the silo 2 through the input port 41.
From there, it is charged into the lower chamber 4. First, garbage A is ignited by appropriate means.

As a result, as shown in Fig. 6, internal combustion carbonization starts with garbage A being deposited in the rostol 24 of silo 2, and the gasified material becomes a char and is ignited near the rostol. The combustion tower 6 inserted in the silo 2 is heated to a high temperature of 850 to 900°C by the oyster combustion, creating a high-temperature thermal atmosphere zone. At the same time, the air introduced from the primary air intake port 23 passes through the garbage A and descends, and the black smoke and odor-containing organic gas generated from the garbage are transferred to the combustion tower 6 due to the heat of combustion of the gas. The combustion tower 6 is heated from the carbonization gas introduction hole 7 to the combustion tower 6 while being heated to a high temperature in the surrounding area.
will be introduced successively.

On the other hand, secondary air necessary for combustion is supplied to the residual ash chamber 3 from the secondary air intake port 31. The residual ash chamber 3 is in a high temperature state of 500 to 600° C. because the ash combustion has been completed or some char remaining from the combustion has fallen and accumulated from the roaster 6. Therefore, the secondary air supplied from the secondary air intake port 31 is heated while passing through the residual ash chamber 3 and becomes high-temperature air suitable for gas combustion. Secondary combustion air introduction hole 8
is supplied into the combustion tower. Since this is mixed with the waste carbonization gas from the previous silo 2, extremely stable thermal decomposition takes place in the combustion tower, and it is released into the atmosphere from the chimney 10 in a smokeless and odorless state.

When the above-mentioned treatment is performed in the silo 2, the oki combustion heat is conducted through the main body 1 and flows into the lower chamber 4.
The radiant heat is transmitted to the outer periphery of the ash chamber 3, and is also transmitted from the inside to the lower chamber 4 via the blind plate 5, which is the bottom of the high-temperature residual ash chamber 3, and the inserted combustion tower 6, and due to these radiant heat, the temperature inside the lower chamber becomes high. The polymer waste B charged here undergoes external heat carbonization.

Polymer waste B requires a large amount of combustion air to incinerate, and in addition to this amount of air, a certain residence time in a high-temperature atmosphere is also required. Incineration without odor was considered impossible. However, in the present invention,
As before, external heat carbonization is performed in the lower chamber 4 using radiant heat, and the generated carbonized polymer gas is introduced into the combustion tower 6 through the inlet hole 9, and the combustion tower 6 combines the ocher combustion heat and the waste carbonized gas at the top. The decomposition heat creates a high-temperature atmosphere, and the secondary air supplied to the residual ash chamber 3 is heated to a high temperature and is continuously supplied into the combustion tower. Therefore, the carbonized polymer gas is thermally decomposed extremely reliably and stably in the combustion tower 6, and is emitted from the chimney 10 as smokeless and odorless exhaust gas.

Since a high-temperature thermal atmosphere is continuously formed in the combustion tower 6 due to the thermal decomposition of this polymer carbonization gas, the drying and gasification of the garbage A stored in the silo 2 is promoted, and as a result, the Combustion is stabilized, and the heating of the secondary air passing through the residual ash chamber 3 and the external heat carbonization of the polymeric waste B accommodated in the lower chamber 4 are also stabilized by this oxygen combustion heat.

The combustion tower 6, which is a high-temperature thermal atmosphere zone, is vertical and has low resistance, so there is no unnecessary negative pressure inside the furnace, and as mentioned above, the thermal efficiency is streamlined, so the area required for the flue is also reduced. It's small enough.

In addition, since the body 1 has a roller member 12 at the bottom, it can be easily moved, and in cold winter months, by moving it indoors, the heat can be used as an indoor warmer like an incinerator and stove. During the summer, it can be moved outdoors and used as an incinerator.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
When surrounding the pipes 14 and 15, the heat generated by waste incineration is recovered by the water wall 13.
With this system, hot water supply, space heating, etc. can be performed at the same time, and garbage can be effectively used as a high-calorie fuel similar to kerosene or propane gas.

According to the present invention explained above, the main body 1
There is a silo 2 that mainly stores miscellaneous garbage and for internally carbonizing it, a residual ash chamber 3 separated from the silo 2 by a rostol, and a residual ash chamber 3 separated from the residual ash chamber 3 by a blind plate 5. A lower chamber 4 is sequentially formed in which polymer waste is mainly carbonized by external heat using radiant heat, etc.
A cylindrical combustion tower 6 extends from the lower chamber 4 through the silo 2.
is installed vertically, and this combustion tower 6 has an inlet hole 7 for waste carbonization gas at a position corresponding to the silo 2, and an air inlet hole 8 for secondary combustion at a position corresponding to the residual ash chamber 3.
A polymer carbonization gas introduction hole 9 is located at a position corresponding to the lower chamber 4.
The waste is internally carbonized in the silo 2, and the organic gas is heated by the combustion heat of the oki in the chir, and the interpolation combustion tower 6 is heated to a high temperature. The secondary air introduced into the residual ash chamber 3 is heated to a high temperature, and the radiant heat of the residual ash chamber 3, the main body 1, and the combustion tower 6 performs external heat carbonization of polymeric waste in the lower chamber 4, and the generated miscellaneous substances are removed. The waste carbonization gas and polymer carbonization gas are introduced into the combustion tower 6 in the high temperature atmosphere zone through the introduction holes 7 and 9, where they are mixed with the high temperature secondary air for combustion and thermally decomposed. The extremely small, compact, and simple structure allows garbage and polymeric waste to be processed in a smokeless and odorless manner. It does not require a burner or heavy oil, and its simple structure makes it an inexpensive incinerator. You can get excellent results by being able to do this.

The present invention is suitable for various businesses, inns, ski resorts, general households, etc. where the amount of waste generated per day is small, and can be used as an incinerator that also functions as a stove or as a hot water supply means. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a small garbage incinerator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along the line shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of the invention. 1... Main body, 2... Silo, 3... Ash chamber, 4
... Lower chamber, 5 ... Blind board, 6 ... Combustion tower,
7...Miscellaneous carbonized gas introduction hole, 8...Secondary combustion air introduction hole, 9...Polymer carbonized gas introduction hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 The main body 1 includes a silo 2 that mainly stores miscellaneous garbage and for internally carbonizing it, a residual ash chamber 3 separated from the silo 2 by a rostol, and a blind between the residual ash chamber 3 and the silo 2. A lower chamber 4 is partitioned by a plate 5, and a cylindrical combustion tower 6 is vertically installed through the silo 2 from the lower chamber 4, and a lower chamber 4 is successively formed in which polymeric waste is externally carbonized using radiant heat from a residual ash chamber, etc. The combustion tower 6 has an inlet hole 7 for miscellaneous waste carbonization gas at a position corresponding to the silo 2, an inlet hole 8 for secondary combustion air at a position corresponding to the residual ash chamber 3, and an inlet hole 8 for secondary combustion air at a position corresponding to the ash chamber 3. A small garbage incinerator characterized in that introduction holes 9 for polymer carbonization gas are provided at positions corresponding to the respective positions. 2. The small-sized garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the silo 2 has a larger volume than the residual ash chamber 3 and the lower chamber 4. 3. The small-sized garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the main body 1 has a water wall 13 on the outer periphery. 4. The small-sized garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the main body 1 includes a roller member 12 at the lower part.