JPH03241030A - Weaving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a woven cloth having excellent feeling with eliminating a defect of reed cracking by setting a specified range of static angle in lower yarn part or upper yarn part and making tension difference between upper warp and lower warp in a crank opening method among opening method of a loom. CONSTITUTION:In a crank opening method among opening method of a loom, a specific link 7 is provided between a crank 5 and a heald 3 and a static angle is set in a range of 10-60 deg. crank angle in the lower yarn part or upper yarn part to induce tension difference between the upper warp and the lower warp, then crimp in the warp is made to large, thus woven cloth having large thickness, excellent feeling and excellent quality is obtained at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Fields] The present invention provides a static angle to the crank shedding device in a high-speed loom, thereby reducing the cost and improving the texture.
and a weaving method for obtaining fabrics of excellent quality.

[Prior Art] Commonly used shedding methods for looms include the cam method (also called the tappet method), the crank method, the one-way doorway method, and the jacquard method.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cam opening method that has been put to practical use, and the heald 3 is opened via a cam 1 and a transmission part 2 required for opening. 4 is a spring for suspending the heald 3; Further, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a crank opening method that has been put into practical use, in which the heald 3 is moved up and down via a crank 5 and a transmission component 6.

The present invention relates to the cam method and the crank method among these methods, and particularly relates to new functional improvements in the crank method.

The advantages and disadvantages of these conventional techniques will be described.

First, the cam shedding method shown in Fig. 2 is used for general clothing fabrics, but its advantages are (1) by setting the shape of the cam 1, as shown in Fig. 4, the warp opening method can be Up,
The downward movement can vary widely. The resting angle can also be set arbitrarily, and the time for inserting the weft can also be lengthened.

(2) Since the resting angle can be set large, the bending (commonly called crimp) of the weaving yarns (warps and wefts, especially warps) becomes large, and a woven fabric with rich ground thickness and good texture can be obtained.

(3) Since the crimp is large, no reed crack defects occur. (4) By combining cams, it is highly versatile in fabric structures such as plain, woven, and satin.

On the other hand, the disadvantages of this method are: (1) Although the opening movement is performed using a cam and a spring,
When moving the warp threads downward, it takes a lot of energy to push them down against the spring. (2) In addition to the cam and a large number of springs, in order to transmit motion from the cam to the heald frame,
It requires a large number of transmission parts such as rods, rollers, and wires. Incidentally, the number of parts required for these openings is around 170. (3) Spring.

Parts such as wires and rods frequently break down, malfunction, and other troubles, requiring labor and expense for maintenance work. (4) The spring needs to be installed above the loom, which increases the height of the loom. As a result, the work efficiency of warp thread work, opening maintenance/parts replacement, and monitoring of the operating status of the loom is poor. (5
) Since the motion is irregular and complex, there is a limit to the ability to follow high-speed rotation.

On the other hand, the crank opening method is suitable for synthetic long-fiber fabrics that have a large shrinkage during weaving and dyeing processes, industrial material fabrics that do not emphasize texture or texture, such as glass fiber fabrics,
Base fabric for adhesive tape.

It is used for medical textiles, lining textiles such as rayon, cupro, etc.

The advantages of this method are: (1) Since the rotational motion of the crank is directly transmitted to the heald,
The energy required for opening movement is extremely small. By the way, it is 30% energy saving compared to the cam method. (2) This is related to item (1) above, but since the number of parts is small, maintenance work can be reduced and parts management can be easily performed. Comparing the number of parts, it is less than 1/10 of the cam type. (3)(
Loom) Because the loom is low, it has excellent workability for warp work, maintenance work, monitoring work, etc. (4) As shown in Figure 5, s
Due to the simple in-curve motion, it has excellent followability to high-speed rotation.

On the other hand, the disadvantages are: (1) Since there is no resting angle, the crimp of the weaving yarns (especially the warp yarns) is small, resulting in a thick woven fabric, and the texture is generally poor. (2) Since the weaving yarn crimp is small, reed crack defects are likely to occur. (3) There are restrictions on the textile structure that can be woven, and it is limited to plain weave.

Table 1 summarizes the above.

Table 1 *Indicates water injection loom energy reduction.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In recent years, the textile industry has been making efforts toward higher speeds, larger packaging, labor savings, and energy savings. The present invention particularly relates to increasing the speed of a loom, saving labor, and improving quality in a weaving process.

As mentioned above, the cam shedding method has the advantage of being able to weave a wide range of fabrics and having a good texture, but it also has a limit to the productivity (rotation speed) of the loom and poor workability. Due to the difficulty of management and the frequency of management,
There are major problems in cost reduction and labor saving.

On the other hand, although the crank method is limited to plain weave fabrics,
It has many advantages such as excellent high-speed followability, ease of workability, ease of management, and energy saving, so if the thin texture and cracking defects of the resulting fabric can be solved, low-cost weaving is possible. It is possible to provide an excellent weaving method.

An object of the present invention is to provide a weaving method that takes advantage of the advantages of the conventional crank opening method and improves the disadvantages of the thin texture of the fabric and cracks in the reeds.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows. In other words, in the crank shedding method among the shedding methods of a loom, a rest angle is set in the range of ↓0° to 60° at the crank angle for the lower thread or upper thread to create a tension difference between the upper and lower warp threads. This is a weaving method characterized by a weaving process.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that, in order to improve thin woven fabrics and reed crack defects, a resting angle is set particularly at the bobbin thread portion during the shedding movement in which the warp threads move up and down.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a crank opening system according to the present invention. Further, FIG. 4 shows an opening curve using the cam opening method, and shows how to set the static angle. Also, Figure 5 shows the opening 1 using the crank opening method.
The IIJ line is shown, and FIG. 6 shows the aperture curve according to the aperture method according to the present invention.

Based on the crank system that has been put to practical use as shown in Fig. ↑, the static angle (also called dwell) can be set by providing a special link 7 between the crank 5 and the heald 3. FIG. 6 shows the movement of the warp threads by setting this rest angle. By providing the link 7 shown in FIG. 1, the crank opening curve (vertical movement of the warp threads) shown in FIG. 5 can have a resting angle as shown in FIG. 6.

Here, the setting of the rest angle will be described in more detail.

First, Figure 4 shows the opening curve used in the cam system. Setting the resting angle for both the upper and lower threads is more effective, and the longer the resting angle is set, the less effective it is, but recently the speed (rotation number) of looms has been increasing more and more.

What is important here is that even if neither the upper thread nor the bobbin thread have a resting angle as in the cam system shown in Fig. 4, sufficient effects can be obtained with only the upper thread section or the bobbin thread section, especially only the bobbin thread section. It turned out that it was possible. Also, regarding the size of the rest angle,
In the cam system shown in FIG. 4, the angle may be set at a maximum of 130° to 150°, but a sufficient setting effect can be obtained even at 60° or less. However, Ding O.

If it is set below, the crank curve closely resembles the crank curve shown in FIG. 5, so no setting effect can be obtained. Regarding whether the upper thread or the bobbin thread is better, it is possible to set either the upper thread part or the bobbin thread part, since there is no difference in effect between the upper thread part and the bobbin thread part. However, in order to further increase the effect of the resting angle, it is effective to slightly shift the warp center line C (also referred to as the warp line) upward or downward in FIGS. 5 and 6. In the crank system shown in FIG. 5, the warp line C is aligned with the upper and lower starting points of the actual warp threads, but in FIG. 6, the two are shifted. This results in particularly greater crimp of the warp threads.

As a result, even if neither the upper thread nor the bobbin thread is provided with a resting angle, a sufficient effect can be obtained with either one, and the size of the resting angle can also be made small.

Next, it is preferable that the distances a and b at a certain angle between the warp line C and the upper and lower threads shown in FIG. 6 are not the same but are different. The greater the difference between the distances a and b, the greater the weaving yarn, especially the warp crimp.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a case in which a resting angle is provided for the bobbin thread, and by setting this resting angle, the warp threads in the bobbin thread portion temporarily stop shedding movement, albeit momentarily. For this reason, the tension of the bobbin thread increases the moment it comes to rest. This creates a tension difference between the upper thread and the lower thread, which increases the crimp of the warp threads.

Next, we will discuss the texture (texture) and quality of the fabric.

The shedding curve by the crank method shown in Fig. 3 is as shown in Fig. 5, the cross section of the resulting fabric is shown in Fig. 7, and the surface is shown in Fig. 8.
It is modeled and shown in the figure.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the fabric obtained by the crank shedding method has a small crimp due to the shedding mechanism.

This results in a thin fabric with a paper-like texture.

In the surface condition of the fabric shown in Fig. 8, A indicates the position of the reed feathers. In this case, two warp threads are passed through one reed thread, but the two warp threads passed through one reed thread are close together. , a gap occurs between every two lines. This is the so-called "reed crack" defect.

On the other hand, according to the shedding method of FIG. 1 according to the present invention, the shedding curve becomes as shown in FIG. 6, and the cross section of the obtained fabric is modeled in FIG. 9, and the surface is modeled in FIG. According to this method, the crimp of the weaving yarns, especially the warp yarns, becomes large. As a result, a thick woven fabric is obtained, and the texture (texture) is greatly improved, and the paper-like texture is also improved.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 10, the above-mentioned "reed crack" defect is also solved.

[Example 1] The shedding method according to the present invention was used in an air injection loom (hereinafter abbreviated as AJL), the static angle was 30°, and the loom rotation was 650°.
rpm. Both the warp and weft are made of 65% polyester and 35% cotton blended spun yarn, with 1.10 warp/weft threads.
in, and 76 wefts/in. The obtained fabric is
It had a good texture with a thick texture, and was of good quality with no cracks or cracks. Woven crimp is JIS, L,
1096 (general textile testing method), the warp crimp was 5.5% and the weft crimp was 2.4%.

On the other hand, weaving using the conventional crank opening method (no resting angle) under the same conditions as above revealed that the fabric was thin and paper-like, with noticeable reed crack defects. The warp crimp was 3.8% and the weft crimp was 1.8%.

Example 2 Using the same loom, warp, weft, and density as in Example 1, the difference in tension between the warp and weft was measured at a loom rotation speed of 60 Orpm.

When the upper and lower warps overlapped and were the same (referred to as a closed state), the warp tension was lowest, at 15 to 20 g/warp, and there was no difference in tension between the upper and lower warps. On the other hand, the maximum tension difference occurs when the upper warp and the lower warp are opened to the maximum (referred to as the open state, where the warp tension is at the maximum and the wefting movement is performed during this time). Since the lower warp has a resting angle, the tension in the upper warp is low and the tension in the lower warp is high.
The results shown in Table 2 were obtained.

(Bottom, margin) Table 2 (Condition 1: High tension setting, Condition 2: Low tension setting) The tension difference is determined by the size of the resting angle (the larger the tension difference, the larger the tension difference), the loom rotation speed, The tension ratio T/t of the upper warp and lower warp is preferably about 1.2 to 2.0, although it varies depending on the yarn type, fabric density, etc. If T/1 is less than 1.1, the effect of setting the tension difference will be small, and if T/t is more than 2.0, the tension will be high, resulting in a decrease in weaving efficiency due to warp breakage, warp hanging defects, and wind. There is a risk that defects such as roughness and hardness may occur.

Example 3 At AJL, the aperture method according to the present invention was used, and the rest angle was 2.
0°, and the loom rotation was 700 rpm. 100% polyester spun yarns were used for both the warp and weft, and the weaving was carried out with 125 warps/in and 64 wefts/in.

The obtained woven fabric had a good feel with a thick texture, was free from reed cracks, and was of good quality.

The fabric crimp was 10.6% warp crimp and 1.9% weft crimp. On the other hand, weaving using the conventional crank opening method (no resting angle) under the same conditions as above revealed that the fabric was thin and paper-like, with noticeable reed crack defects. The warp crimp is 8.
The weft crimp was 1.1%.

Example 4 At AJL, the aperture method according to the present invention was used, and the rest angle was 1.
5°, and the loom rotation was 750 rpm. Warp polyester 65% rayon 35% blend spun yarn 40/2s, weft polyester 65% rayon 35% blend spun yarn 30/
2s, warp 87 threads/in.

It was woven with 43 wefts/in. The obtained woven fabric was thick and had a good texture, and was of high quality with no grain cracks or defects. Warp crimp is 12.3%
, weft crimp was 4.5%. On the other hand, weaving using the conventional crank opening method (no resting angle) under the same conditions revealed that the fabric was thin and paper-like, with noticeable reed crack defects. The warp crimp was 7.8% and the weft crimp was 1.7%.

[Effect of the invention] (1) Reducing manufacturing costs by increasing the speed of the loom.

(2) Cost reduction by reducing energy costs.

(3) Significant reduction in the number of parts through simple m/c design, easy-to-manage m/c, and attendant labor-saving maintenance work are becoming increasingly important, and the present invention has the above configuration. By doing so, the following excellent effects are achieved. In other words, the present invention retains the advantages of the crank opening method, which is highly responsive to speed increases, and in other words, compared to the cam method, it is possible to reduce energy by approximately 30% or more, and the number of parts for the opening is reduced to 170. On the other hand, a significant reduction of about 15, or less than 1/10, has become possible.

In addition, while maintaining many advantages such as ease of management and ease of monitoring due to the lower height of the machine, the biggest problem, the weaving thread crimp, is small, so the fabric feels thin. It was possible to eliminate quality defects such as perver-like and reed cracks.

Furthermore, the weaving method according to the present invention has made it possible to produce woven fabrics at ultra-high speeds of 600 rpm or more, making it possible to weave at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aperture system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional cam opening method that has been put into practical use. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional crank opening system that has been put into practical use. Figure 4 shows the opening by the cam opening method (
It is a curve diagram (vertical movement of warp threads). FIG. 5 shows an opening curve hand using the crank opening method. FIG. 6 is an aperture curve diagram using the aperture method according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the fabric according to the crank opening method. FIG. 8 is a surface view of the fabric using the crank opening method. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the fabric according to the opening method according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the fabric according to the opening method according to the present invention. 1...Cam, 2.6...Transmission parts required for opening, 3
... Heald frame, 4... Spring, 5... Crank, 7... Link for setting a resting angle, 8... Warp, 9... Weft, I... Liquid temperature position , C... Warp line, a, b... Distance from warp line to upper thread and lower thread Figure 1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Among the shedding methods of the loom, in the crank shedding method, the crank angle is 10° to 60° at the lower thread section or upper thread section.
A weaving method characterized by setting a resting angle in the range of and creating a tension difference between upper and lower warp threads. (2) A tension ratio (T/t) between the lower warp tension (T) at the time of shedding and the upper warp tension (t) at the time of shedding is set to 1.2 to 2.0. weaving method.