JPH03232704A - Reformer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make an equipment compact and increase reforming efficiency by providing partition walls of double cylindrical shape, heat radiation bodies comprising a porous solid and catalytic bodies of double cylindrical shape in a cylindrical vessel to make possible of an effective utilization of heat with radiation heat transfer. CONSTITUTION:The aimed reformer is constructed by a pressure vessel 17, partition walls 21 of double cylindrical shape, catalytic bodies 22 of double cylindrical shape, heat-radiation bodies 16 composed of a porous material permeable of hot gas and a heating means for heating raw material gas permeating through said catalytic bodies 22 with the radiation heat from the heat radiation bodies. Said partition walls 21 are composed of an outer partition wall 21a and an inner partition wall 21b to divide the vessel to a heating room A-side and a modifying room B-side and simultaneously divide the heating room to an outer combustion room 1a and an inner combustion room 1b. Besides, said catalytic bodies 22 are composed of an outer catalytic body 22a and an inner catalytic body 22b and are permeated by raw material gas to afford the aimed reformed gas.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention promotes the reforming of raw material gas by using a porous solid to effectively utilize heat through radiant heat transfer. The present invention relates to a reforming device.

(Prior art) As an example of a reformer, for example, in order to obtain hydrogen gas,
CH4 + H20 → CH4 + H20 →
A steam reforming reaction represented by CO+3H2 is used to obtain a gas mixture of H2 and CO, and this reaction apparatus is used to decompose the raw material gas.

As a conventional reactor of this kind, the one shown in FIG. 3 is known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 172615/1983). In FIG. 3, 51 is a combustion chamber, 52 is a porous heat radiator, 53 is a heat receiving chamber, 54 is a porous heat receiver having a substantially uniform pore diameter and the catalyst is uniformly supported throughout, and 55 is a cylinder. A partition wall partitions the inside of the container 60 into a combustion chamber 51 and a heat receiving chamber 53 to prevent leakage of raw material gas (gas mixed with CH4 and H20) 58; 56 is a high-temperature combustion gas obtained by combustion of fuel;
57 is an exhaust gas, 59 is a generated gas obtained by decomposing the raw material gas 58 and is a mixture of H2 and CO, 61 is a raw material gas supply pipe, 62 is a burner 1.6'3 having a large number of ejection ports, 6' is an exhaust gas pipe, 64 is the produced gas extraction pipe.

In the above reaction device, the high temperature combustion gas 56 injected from the burner 62 and burned passes through the heat radiator 52 and the exhaust gas pipe 6
3 is discharged as exhaust gas 57. The sensible heat of the combustion gas 56 is absorbed by the heat radiator 52 by convection heat transfer when it passes through the heat radiator 52, and the heat radiator 52 is heated and radiant heat is released into the device. , bulkhead 5
If the partition wall 55 is made of a metal material or ceramic, the heat is received by the heat receiving body 54 as heating and re-radiation of the partition wall 55, and if the partition wall 55 is made of a transparent material such as quartz glass, the heat passes through the partition wall 55 and reaches the heat receiving body 54. The heat is received, and the heat receiving body 54 is heated.

When the raw material gas 58 passes through the heat receiving body 54, it is heated and decomposed by the heat receiving body 54 to become a generated gas 59 which is a mixture of H2 and co, and is sent to the outside of the apparatus through the generated gas extraction pipe 64.

As described above, the heat absorbed by the heat radiator 52 is given to the heat receiver 54 by radiation, and the raw material gas 58 is passed through the heat receiver 54 and heated, and decomposed in the presence of a catalyst, thereby achieving reforming. By obtaining the generated gas 59, heat can be used effectively and the raw material gas 58 can be effectively decomposed using a compact device.

(Issue 8 to be solved by the invention) Since the conventional reaction device described above has a concentric multi-cylindrical shape, when this device is applied to a large-scale, large-capacity system, the ratio of the diameter of the partition wall 55 to the axial length is Depending on how it is taken, the overall external shape may become large.

For example, if the diameter of the partition wall 55 is too small and the shape is elongated, the range of temperature change in the axial direction becomes large and the reforming efficiency deteriorates.

In order to improve this problem, it is conceivable to make the diameter and axial length of the partition wall 55 approximately the same, but in this case, the partition wall 55 would have a large diameter, so the conventional method shown in FIG. In terms of shape, wasted space is created inside the partition wall 55, which increases the overall size.Furthermore, since the heating source is only provided outside the partition wall 55, a relatively large amount of heat is radiated, resulting in poor reforming efficiency. .

It is an object of the present invention to provide a reforming apparatus which is compact in its entirety, allows effective use of heat, improves reforming efficiency, and is applicable to large capacity applications.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first invention includes a cylindrical pressure vessel, and a pressure vessel disposed within the vessel, with both ends opened. It consists of a cylindrical outer partition wall and a cylindrical inner partition wall with both ends open, the lower ends of the outer partition wall and the inner partition wall are connected by a bottom member, and the upper end of the inner partition wall is connected by a lid member. a cylindrical outer catalyst body with both ends opened and a cylindrical inner catalyst body with both ends open, disposed between the outer and inner partition walls; The upper ends of the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body are respectively closed by a lid member and a bottom member, and the raw material gas introduced from the outside of the container into the inside of the container is passed through, and the reformed exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the container. 2 a heavy cylindrical catalyst body; an inner heat radiator and an outer heat radiator that are respectively disposed on the inner peripheral side of the inner partition wall and on the outer peripheral side of the outer partition wall and are made of a porous material through which high-temperature gas can pass; heating means for generating high-temperature gas to be passed through the radiator and the outer heat radiator, and heating the raw material gas passing through the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body by the radiant heat of the heat radiator heated by the high-temperature gas; This is a reformer consisting of:

Further, unlike the above-mentioned double cylindrical partition structure, the second invention has a cylindrical outer partition wall that is disposed inside the container and has both ends opened, and a cylindrical inner partition wall that has both ends opened. The lower end portion and the upper end portion of the outer partition wall and the inner partition wall are connected by a bottom member and a lid member, respectively.

(Function) According to the present invention, the partition wall for separating the inside of the cylindrical container into the heating chamber side and the reforming chamber side is formed into a double cylindrical shape, and the inner circumferential side of the inner partition wall and the outer circumferential side of the outer partition wall are Thermal radiators are provided and high temperature gas is supplied to each of them, and a double cylindrical catalyst body is provided between the inner partition wall and the outer partition wall, so the overall structure is compact. ,
Effective use of heat is achieved, reforming efficiency is improved, and it can be applied to large-capacity applications.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the first embodiment.
This will be explained below.

The pressure vessel 17 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, has a heat insulating material 35 on its inner circumferential surface, and an upper lid 19 is attached to this opening with upper lid mounting flange bolts 20.

The concentric double cylindrical partition wall 21 is disposed within the container 17 in order to separate the heating chamber A side and the reforming chamber B side, and to separate the heating chamber into an outer combustion chamber 1a and an inner combustion chamber 1b. , consists of a cylindrical outer partition wall 21a that is open at both ends, and a cylindrical inner partition wall 21b that is open at both ends, and the lower ends of the outer partition wall 21a and the inner partition wall 21b are connected to the bottom member 21, respectively.
d, and the upper end of the inner partition wall 21b is connected by a lid member 21c made of, for example, a mirror plate.

The concentric double cylindrical catalyst body 22 is for obtaining reformed exhaust gas by passing the raw material gas, and is arranged between the outer partition wall 21a and the inner partition wall 21b, and is a cylindrical outer contact with open ends. It consists of a medium 22a and a cylindrical inner catalyst body 22b with both ends open, and the upper and lower ends of the outer catalyst body 22a and the inner catalyst body 22b are respectively closed with a catalyst body cover member 24 and a catalyst body bottom member 23. .

The inner heat radiator 16b and the outer heat radiator 16a are disposed on the inner peripheral side of the inner partition wall 21b and on the outer peripheral side of the outer partition wall 21a, respectively, and are made of an annular porous material through which high-temperature gas can pass.

The heat radiators 16a and 16b are made of porous ceramic particles or ceramic fiber molded products because they are exposed to high-temperature gas. Ceramic particle porous material is produced by firing a mixture of ceramic particles and urethane particles made of ceramic materials of alumina and silica at a high temperature of 2000°C or higher, burning out the urethane particles and reducing the porosity to 0.7 to 0. ．．
This is an increase in the space ratio of 9. Ceramic fiber molded products have almost the same composition as the above-mentioned porous ceramic particles, but are made by firing ceramic material into a fiber shape, mixing ash and a binder in the fiber shape, and then firing it again. It is.

Such a ceramic fiber molded product is less prone to cracking and damage even when the temperature is rapidly raised or lowered to a high temperature than the above-mentioned ceramic particle porous body, and is therefore suitable for applications where heating temperatures are high.

The lower part of the combustion chambers 1a, lb, that is, the heat radiator 16a
and the lower space between the outer partition wall 21a and the heat radiator 16
The outer fuel pipe 2 is located in the lower space between the inner partition wall 21b and the inner partition wall 21b.
a, an inner fuel pipe 2b is provided, and the fuel pipes 2a, 2b
A large number of jet ports 3 for jetting out fuel are formed on the upper surface of the fuel tank 3 almost uniformly on the circumference.

The fuel introduction pipe 4 penetrates the inside of the container 17 and is connected to an outer communication pipe 6a and an inner communication pipe 6b which are branched into two, and the communication pipes 6a and 6b are connected to the fuel pipes 2a and 2B, respectively.
), and a fuel introduction valve 5 for controlling the introduction of fuel is provided in the middle of the fuel introduction pipe 4, and an inner fuel valve 7 is provided in the middle of the inner communication pipe 6b.

The air introduction pipe 8 penetrates the inside of the container 17 and is connected to an outer air pipe 12a and an inner air pipe 12b which are branched into two.

12b are outer preheating pipes 13 arranged at equal intervals on the circumference.
a and the inner preheating pipe 13b, an air introduction valve 9 for controlling the amount of air introduced is provided in the middle of the air introduction pipe 8, and an inner air valve 11 is provided in the middle of the inner connecting pipe 10b. It is provided.

A U-shaped tube 14 is provided in the outer preheating tube 13a and the inner preheating tube 13b.
This U-shaped tube 14 is connected to a return tube (not shown) provided on the same circumference as the preheating tubes 13a and 13b,
Air jet nozzles 15a and 15 are provided in these return pipes, respectively.
b are connected. Thereby, air from the air introduction pipe 8 is injected into the combustion chambers 1a, lb.

Thus, in FIG. 1, the outer partition wall 21a is fastened to a flange formed on the upper outer peripheral surface of the pressure vessel 17 with flange tightening bolts 18.

In the reforming chamber B formed between the outer partition wall 21a and the inner partition wall 21b, a double cylindrical catalyst body 22 consisting of the above-mentioned outer catalyst body 22a and inner catalyst body 22b is housed, and both side media 22a, 22b is sandwiched between the catalyst bottom member 23 fixed in the container 17 and the top catalyst lid member 24, and is attached to the catalyst lid member 24 by a tension bolt 25 and a spring 26.
, are tightened so that no gaps are formed above and below the catalyst body bottom member 23.

The catalyst cover member 24 is provided with reformed gas outlet pipes 27 at equal intervals on the circumference of the head side of the pressure vessel 17. It is connected via a helical tube 28 with fins 29 on its surface to a radial tube 30, which is connected to a header 31 via a product gas outlet tube 32.

Further, a raw material gas introduction pipe 33 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the spiral tube 28, and the raw material gas introduced from this raw material gas introduction pipe 33 is transferred to the outer partition wall 21a, the inner partition wall 21b, and the outer catalyst body 22.
a and the outer catalyst body 22b.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention described above will be described. The raw material gas used for reforming enters from the raw material gas introduction pipe 33, flows down the space 44 around the spiral pipe 28, and passes through the outer partition wall 21a, the inner partition wall 21b, and the outer catalyst body 22a.
, the outer catalyst body 22 enters the gap between the inner catalyst body 22b.
a. Reforming is performed while passing through the inner catalyst body 22b.

This reformed product gas collects in the space between the outer catalyst body 22a and the inner catalyst body 22b and enters the reformed product gas outlet pipe 27, where the reformed product gas rises and passes through the spiral pipe 28. It changes direction in the circumferential direction, passes through the helical tube 28 and the radial tube 30, collects in the central header 31, and is sent to the product gas outlet tube 32. When the reformed product gas passes through the spiral pipe 28, it is cooled by heat exchange with the raw material gas passing through the outer circumferential side thereof, and the cooled product gas is sent to the product gas outlet pipe 32.

The catalyst bodies 22a and 22b are partition walls 21a.

The catalyst body 22a is heated by heat radiation from the catalyst body 21b and at the same time performs a reforming reaction of the raw material gas.

22b, an endothermic reaction takes place. The heat source in this case is provided by radiant heat from the partition walls 21a and 21b. The partition wall 21a.

21b is a fuel pipe 2a within the combustion chambers 1a, 1b.

The combustion high temperature gas combusted by the fuel from 2b and the air from the air jet nozzles 15a, 15b flows into the partition walls 21a, 21.
b and is absorbed by the heat radiators 16a and 16b. The temperature of the combustion high-temperature gas decreases while passing through the heat radiators 16a and 16b, and the temperature of the combustion gas decreases.

Preheating pipe 13a installed downstream of 16b.

While passing through the gap 13b, heat is exchanged and further cooled, thereby lowering the temperature and gathering in the combustion exhaust gas pipe 34c via the outer exhaust gas pipe 34a and the inner exhaust gas pipe 34b as combustion exhaust gas, and sending it out to the outside. It will be done.

In this way, the preheating pipes 13a and 13b are provided as downstream cooling pipes for the heat radiators 16a and 16b, and the exhaust gas is forcibly cooled, thereby making the radiator 16a.

16b becomes larger, and efficiency can be increased without lowering the upstream temperature.

This is clear from the experimental results, and the Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 848, No. 435 (November 1980)
Since this is described in Ryozo Echigo's ``Effective conversion method between gas enthalpy and radiant energy and its application to industrial furnaces'' in May), a detailed explanation of this is omitted here.

The effects of the first embodiment described above are as follows.

That is, the partition wall for separating the inside of the cylindrical pressure vessel 17 into the heating chamber A side and the reforming chamber B side is the cylindrical outer partition wall 21a.
The double cylindrical partition wall 21 consists of a cylindrical inner partition wall 21b, and heat radiators 16a and 16b are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the outer partition wall 21a and the inner circumferential side of the inner partition wall 21b, respectively, and the outer partition wall 21a and the inner partition wall 21b, the outer catalyst body 22a
Since the inner catalyst body 22b is arranged, it can be applied to large-sized and large-capacity devices, and the partition wall 21a.

Even if the diameter of the partition wall 21b is large, the space inside the partition walls 21a and 21b can be effectively utilized, thereby making the whole structure compact.

Further, the catalyst body 22 includes an outer catalyst body 22a and an inner catalyst body 2.
2b into a concentric double cylindrical shape, and an outer catalyst body 22a,
By using the gap space between the inner catalyst bodies 22b as a passage for the reformed gas, separation of the raw material gas and the reformed gas is facilitated.

Since the cooled combustion gas on the downstream side of the thermal radiators 16a and 16b is preheated by the preheating tubes 13a and 13b, the temperature of the combustion chambers 1a and 1b can be increased by the preheated amount. This improves the reforming efficiency. Further, the outer peripheral side of the outer catalyst body 22a and the inner catalyst body 22b
Since the raw material gas is sent to the inner circumferential side of each, a larger amount of reformed gas can be generated than in the conventional apparatus shown in FIG.

Furthermore, by providing the inner fuel valve 7 and the inner air valve 11, the temperatures of the partition walls 21a and 21b can be measured respectively, and the ratio of the fuel and combustion air between the inner and outer sides can be adjusted so that the temperatures of both are approximately the same. can.

Further, the temperature of the combustion gas decreases while passing through the radiators 16a and 16b, and the temperature of the combustion gas decreases as it passes through the radiators 16a and 16b.

While passing through the gap 13b, the air preheating tube 13a.

13b, the temperature is further cooled and the temperature is lowered, and the combustion exhaust gas is collected in the combustion exhaust gas pipe 34c via the outer exhaust gas pipe 34a and the inner exhaust gas pipe 34b, and sent out to the outside, so it is efficiently improved. It can generate quality gas. Furthermore, the reformed gas on the reforming side passes through the raw material gas introduction pipe 33, the exhaust gas pipes 34a and 34b, and when passing through the spiral pipe 28, it is cooled by heat exchange with the raw material gas passing through the outer circumferential side. Since the cooled product gas is sent to the product gas outlet 32, reformed gas can be efficiently generated.

Furthermore, by using a ceramic fiber molded product made by compounding and molding fiber-like fibers for the thermal radiators 16a and 16b, it is possible to obtain a healthy reforming device that is resistant to cracks and damage.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2, but only the points different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained here. In Figure 1, the concentric double cylindrical bulkhead 2
1 is separated into a heating chamber A side and a reforming chamber B side, and
In order to separate the heating chamber A into an outer combustion chamber 1a and an inner combustion chamber 1b, a cylindrical outer partition wall 21a with open ends and a cylindrical outer partition wall 21a with open ends disposed inside the pressure vessel 17 and a cylindrical outer partition wall 21a with open ends. The lower ends of the outer partition wall 21a and the inner partition wall 21b are connected by a bottom member 21d, and the upper end of the inner partition wall 21b is connected to a lid member 21 made of a mirror plate, for example.
c are connected. And fuel pipes 2B, 2b and air jet nozzle 15a.

15b are each arranged in a ring shape on the circumference,
It forms a combustion burner that burns in a ring shape. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the concentric double cylindrical partition wall 21 is disposed inside the pressure vessel 17, and has a cylindrical outer wall with both ends open, and a side partition wall 21a with both ends open. It consists of a cylindrical inner partition wall 21b, an outer partition wall 21a and an inner partition wall 21.
The lower end and the upper end of b are connected by a bottom member 21d and a lid member 19, respectively. The cylindrical combustion burner 2c is arranged in an upper combustion chamber space 71c within the pressure vessel 17, and combustion for heating is performed here.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, fuel is supplied to the injection port 3 of the combustion burner 2C from a fuel introduction pipe 4, and air is supplied from an air introduction pipe 8 around the injection port 3 of the combustion burner 2C. The fuel and air are combined at the outer periphery of the injection port 3 and the fuel is combusted around the injection port 3.

The high temperature gas burned along the inner wall of the heat insulating material 35 formed within the combustion chamber 71c rises and is introduced into the outer heating flow path 71a. In addition, a heat insulating material 3 is provided around the combustion burner 2c.
Since a bank 40 is partially formed on the circumference made by 5, a part of the combustion gas is flowed in the direction shown by the arrow 41 and introduced into the inner heating flow path 71b. After this, the combustion gas flows into the radiators 16a, 16b.

The combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the thermal radiator 16a is discharged to the outside of the pressure vessel 17 from the outer exhaust gas pipe 34a, but the combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the thermal radiator 16b is opposite to that in FIG. is discharged to the top of the pressure vessel 17. Therefore, the mirror plates 21c of the partition walls 21a and 21b shown in FIG. 1 are not provided, and the inner and outer partition walls 21a and 21b are fastened at their upper portions by the same ring-shaped top cover 19. Further, preheating pipes 13a and 13b for downstream heat exchange are connected to U-shaped pipes 14a and 14b provided at the lower part of the pressure vessel 17, respectively, and these U-shaped pipes 14a and 14b are connected to the U-shaped pipes 14a and 14b provided at the upper part of the pressure vessel 17. connected to the air pipes 12a, 12b, and the air pipes 12a, 12b
and air pipe 12c.

12d are connected, and these air pipes 12c and 12d are connected to heated air pipes 42a and 42b, and this heated air pipe 42a is connected to
, 42b are not shown in FIG. 2, but are collectively connected to the air introduction pipe 8 in the lower part of the pressure vessel 17.

From the above, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
There is an outer combustion chamber 1a just outside of H, and a combustion chamber 1b on the inner side of the inner partition wall 21b.Moreover, since the flames are close to each other, a large gap is created between the combustion chambers 1a and 1b to separate the flame from the partition wall 21a.
, 21b, but in FIG. 2, the flame is formed in the lower combustion chamber 71c, so the gap between the upper heating channels 71a and 71b can be narrowed.

As a result, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the outer diameter of the pressure vessel 17 can be made smaller than in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the overall volume can also be reduced.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention described above, it is possible to provide a reforming device that is compact as a whole, makes effective use of heat, improves reforming efficiency, and is applicable to large-capacity applications. be able to.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the reforming device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the reforming device of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a radiation reactor. 1... Combustion chamber, 2... Fuel pipe, 3... Spout, 4
... Fuel introduction pipe, 5 ... Fuel introduction valve, 6 ... Communication pipe, 7 ... Fuel valve, 8 ... Air introduction pipe, 9 ... Air introduction valve, 10 ... Communication pipe, 11 ...Inner air valve, 12.
... Air pipe, 13 ... Preheating pipe, 14 ... U-shaped tube, 15
...Air jet nozzle, 16...Heat radiator, 17...
・Pressure vessel, 18... Bulkhead mounting flange bolt, 19
... Upper lid, 21 ... Partition wall, 22 ... Catalyst body, 23
... Catalyst body bottom member, 24... Catalyst body cover member.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A cylindrical pressure vessel, and a cylindrical outer partition wall with both ends opened and a cylindrical inner partition wall with both ends opened, disposed inside this container, and comprising the outer partition wall and the inner side partition wall. A double cylindrical partition having lower ends of the partition wall connected by a bottom member and an upper end of the inner partition wall connected by a cover member, and a double cylindrical partition wall disposed between the outer partition wall and the inner partition wall, both ends of which are open. It consists of a cylindrical outer catalyst body and a cylindrical inner catalyst body with both ends opened, and the upper and lower ends of the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body are respectively closed with a lid member and a bottom member, and the outer catalyst body is closed to the outside of the container. 2. Passing the raw material gas introduced into the container from the container and discharging the reformed exhaust gas to the outside of the container.
a heavy cylindrical catalyst; an inner heat radiator and an outer heat radiator made of a porous material through which high-temperature gas can pass, and which are disposed on the inner circumferential side of the inner partition wall and the outer circumferential side of the outer partition wall, respectively; and the inner heat radiator. heating means for generating high-temperature gas to be passed through the radiator and the outer heat radiator, and heating the raw material gas passing through the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body by the radiant heat of the heat radiator heated by the high-temperature gas; A reforming device consisting of. (2) A cylindrical pressure vessel, and a cylindrical outer partition wall with both ends opened, and a cylindrical inner partition wall with both ends opened, disposed inside the container, the outer partition wall and the inner A double cylindrical partition wall formed by connecting the lower and upper ends of the partition wall with a bottom member and a lid member, respectively; and a cylindrical outer catalyst body disposed between the outer partition wall and the inner partition wall and having both ends opened. and a cylindrical inner catalyst body with both ends open, the upper and lower ends of the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body are respectively closed with a lid member and a bottom member, and are introduced into the container from the outside of the container. Passing the raw material gas and discharging the reformed exhaust gas to the outside of the container 2
a heavy cylindrical catalyst; an inner heat radiator and an outer heat radiator made of a porous material through which high-temperature gas can pass, and which are disposed on the inner circumferential side of the inner partition wall and the outer circumferential side of the outer partition wall, respectively; and the inner heat radiator. heating means for generating high-temperature gas to be passed through the radiator and the outer heat radiator, and heating the raw material gas passing through the outer catalyst body and the inner catalyst body by the radiant heat of the heat radiator heated by the high-temperature gas; A reformer consisting of