JPH0322279B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a laser processing machine that processes a workpiece material by focusing a laser beam with a lens and irradiating the laser beam onto a workpiece material.

[Conventional technology]

Laser processing machines are well known. Laser processing is characterized by a method in which the material to be processed is processed by melting or evaporation by irradiating light energy and converting it into thermal energy, so that the material to be processed is affected by effects peculiar to thermal processing. Specifically, the first problem is that the dimensional accuracy of processing deteriorates due to thermal deformation, the second problem is that a lot of burnt color appears on the back side of the workpiece material, the third problem is that the workpiece material is burned, and the fourth problem is that the workpiece material The disadvantages of the laser processing method include the fact that dross adheres to the back surface of the material to be processed, and the fifth problem is that gas is generated from the material to be processed.

On the other hand, in conventional laser processing machines, methods for collecting dust from the back side of the workpiece material include a straight hole to suck the dust, a simple pipe to blow gas, or a ventilator to suck and discharge the dust.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the dust suction method using the straight hole mentioned above,
Of course, it is impossible to supply gas from the back side of the workpiece material, but the suction force is weak because the suction is not concentrated, so it is difficult to prevent the processing debris from flying out from the back side of the workpiece material and scattering in all directions. It cannot be prevented, and the method is such that it tends to adhere to the sides of the straight hole. Therefore, this method only collected the gas and processing residue floating in the atmosphere.

In addition, the gas blowing method using a simple pipe is
It has no dust collection ability at all, and simply disperses processing debris and gas generated on the back side of the workpiece material into the atmosphere, which not only worsens the working environment, but also causes it to adhere to the sliding and rotating parts of machinery. In many cases, this shortens their lifespan and obstructs the progress of the auxiliary gas ejected from the processing nozzle, weakening the function of the auxiliary gas. As a result, this method has a problem in that it is only slightly effective in preventing burnt color and combustion on the back side of the workpiece material.

Furthermore, the suction and discharge method using a ventilly tube uses high-pressure fluid to generate negative pressure and suction and discharge the dross, which not only has a complicated structure.
There was a problem in that the material to be processed could not be cooled.

This invention was made to solve the above problems, and it improves the dust collection ability and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing material receiving device for laser processing materials to which processing debris does not adhere.

[Means to solve the problem]

The laser processing machine according to the present invention has a suction mouth formed with an upper surface arranged concentrically with the laser beam at a slight distance from the lower surface of the workpiece material, and a suction cap directed downward from the inner circumferential end of the upper surface. The interior walls are
A lower base body consisting of an outer wall formed to widen downward from the outer circumferential end of the upper surface, an upper base body disposed opposite to the outer wall of the lower base body at a distance, and a lower face portion of the workpiece material. An inclined ejection port formed by an outer wall of the lower base and an upper base disposed opposite to each other at a distance in order to inject pressure fluid from obliquely downward, and a fluid passageway for supplying pressure fluid to the inclined ejection port. It is equipped with the following.

[Effect]

In this invention, the pressurized fluid supplied from the fluid passage is ejected obliquely from the inclined jet port and hits the back surface of the workpiece material, cools the workpiece material, and at the same time escapes downward from the through hole of the lower base. Suction and efficiently remove processing debris and gas generated by laser beam processing.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are a side view showing a main part in cross section and a plan view of a pedestal, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In this figure, a laser beam 11 is sent from a laser oscillator (not shown). 12 is a lens, 13
is a head case in which the lens 12 is incorporated. 14 is an auxiliary gas inlet, and 15 is a nozzle, which mainly constitute the laser head 10. W is the material to be processed. Reference numeral 20 denotes a processing material holder device, which is roughly composed of a holder 30 and a suction nozzle 40.

The pedestal 30 has a through hole 31 formed in the center thereof, and a plurality of bearings 32 are freely provided along the circumference and slightly protrude from the upper surface. It is supported so that it can be positioned in the direction of. An annular stepped portion 33 is formed on the circumference of the holder 30, and acts as a stopper when a suction cap 40, which will be described later, is fitted. In addition, the pedestal 30
A fluid passage 34 for supplying pressure fluid and a pressure fluid supply port 35 are provided in the.

The suction cap 40 has a lower base 41 and an upper base 45.
It mainly consists of.

The lower substrate body 41 has an upper surface arranged concentrically with the laser beam 11 at a slight distance from the lower surface of the workpiece material W, an inner wall formed downward from the inner peripheral end of the upper surface, and the upper surface. It is formed with an outer wall which is formed to widen downward from the outer circumferential end thereof, and the outer circumference becomes an inclined surface 42, and a through hole 43 is formed in the center. The through hole 43 is configured to gradually expand downward, that is, to form a truncated conical space. A step portion 44 that engages with the step portion 33 when inserted into the through hole 31 of the pedestal 30 is formed in an annular shape.

The upper base body 45 has an annular shape, and its inner surface forms an annular inclined surface 46 that faces the inclined surface 42 of the lower base body 41 at a distance, and both inclined surfaces 42 and 46
As a result, an inclined ejection port 47 is formed for ejecting pressure fluid obliquely from below. An enlarged portion 48 is formed in an annular shape below the inclined ejection port 47, and a fluid passage 49 is formed in this enlarged portion 48, and is adapted to match the fluid passage 34 of the pedestal 30. 50 is a suction duct, and the lower base 41
It is provided below and is suctioned by a suction device (not shown).

Next, the operation will be explained.

During processing, laser light 11 is introduced into the laser head 10, and is irradiated onto the workpiece W through the nozzle 15 to perform processing. At this time, auxiliary gas is introduced from the auxiliary gas inlet 14 and sprayed onto the material W to be processed. On the other hand, the workpiece W on the pedestal 30 is positioned by a positioning mechanism (not shown). Then, pressure fluid is supplied from the supply port 35 of the pedestal 30, and this pressure fluid passes through the fluid passages 34 and 49 and is stored in the enlarged portion 48, from which it is sent to the inclined spout 4.
7 from above, and blows onto the workpiece W from below. As a result, the workpiece material W is cooled, and at the same time, dross, auxiliary gas, generated gas, etc. generated during processing are discharged downward from the through hole 43 by the pressure fluid.

In this way, the back surface of the workpiece material W at the processing position is covered with the injected fluid, which has an effect of preventing combustion, and also produces a cooling effect as heat is carried away by the flow of the fluid.

Furthermore, when the pressure of the pressure fluid is increased, the velocity of the fluid flowing along the back surface of the workpiece material W increases,
There is also the effect of removing dross adhering to the back surface of the processed part of the workpiece W. This effect becomes more effective as the processed material and laminating machine undergo surface treatment.

As described above, when the pressurized fluid injected from the lower part hits the back surface of the processed part of the workpiece W, the flow direction of the pressure fluid on the back surface of the processed part, the laser beam and the auxiliary gas are The dross, processing debris, etc. are almost completely removed because the direction of movement is perpendicular to the processing direction and because suction is performed by a suction device (not shown) from below the center of the processing section.

In the above embodiment, the suction cap 40 is fitted into the through hole 31 of the cradle 30, but it may be screwed into the hole 31 of the cradle 30. Further, the lower base body 41 and the upper base body 45 may be integrated from the beginning, but
After they are made separately, they may be integrated by appropriate means. Furthermore, the lower base 41 and the pedestal 30 can be integrated, or the upper base 45 and the pedestal 30 can be integrated. And the lower substrate body 41
The shape is a truncated cone, but it can also be shaped like a truncated pyramid.
In short, it only needs to be truncated. Furthermore, the inclined spout 4
7 is formed into a planar shape, but it can also be constructed from a number of tubular bodies.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in this invention, the suction cap is
An upper surface arranged concentrically with the laser beam at a slight distance from the lower surface of the workpiece material, an inner wall formed downward from the inner circumferential edge of this upper surface, and an inner wall formed downward from the outer circumferential edge of the upper surface. Pressurized fluid is injected obliquely from below toward the lower surface of the workpiece material, including a lower base comprising an outer wall that is formed to widen toward the front and end, an upper base disposed opposite to the outer wall of the lower base at a distance, and a lower surface of the workpiece. For this reason, we have provided an inclined spout formed by the outer wall of the lower base and the upper base disposed opposite to each other at a distance, and a fluid passageway that supplies pressurized fluid to this inclined jet nozzle. You can get an effect like this.

The processing portion of the workpiece material heated by the flow of pressure fluid is sufficiently cooled from the back side of the workpiece material.

Since it is possible to use a cooled pressure fluid,
It can increase the cooling effect.

The above prevents processing deformation of the material to be processed.

By using an inert gas as the pressurized fluid, it is possible to prevent burning of the processed part, and even workpiece materials that are easily combustible can be processed.

By increasing the pressure of the pressure fluid and increasing the flow rate,
Adhesion of dross to the workpiece material can be reduced.

The environment can be protected from dust such as gas and processing residue.

As described above, according to the present invention, the handling of the laser processing machine becomes easier, and it becomes possible to process workpiece materials with characteristics that were previously impossible to process.
This has the advantage of further expanding its range of use.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the laser head removed. In the figure, 10 is a laser head, 11 is a laser beam,
12 is a lens, 13 is a head case, 14 is an auxiliary gas inlet, 15 is a nozzle, 20 is a processed material holder device, 30 is a holder, 31 is a through hole, 32 is a swivel bearing, 40 is a suction cap, 41 is a lower part base,
42 and 46 are inclined surfaces, 43 is a through hole, 44 is a stepped portion, 45 is an upper base body, 47 is an inclined ejection port, 48 is an enlarged portion, 49 is a fluid passage, and W is a material to be processed.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pedestal that supports a workpiece material that is processed by receiving laser light emitted from the tip of a nozzle through which auxiliary gas is injected, and a suction cap that sucks gas and dross generated by the processing. In the laser processing machine, the suction mouthpiece has an upper surface arranged concentrically with the laser beam at a slight distance from the lower surface of the workpiece material, and a lower surface extending downward from an inner circumferential end of the upper surface. a lower base consisting of an inner wall formed facing toward each other, and an outer wall extending downward from the outer peripheral end of the upper surface, and an upper base disposed opposite to the outer wall of the lower base at a distance; and the upper base body, which is disposed opposite to the outer wall of the lower base body at a distance, for injecting pressurized fluid from obliquely downward to the lower surface portion of the workpiece material; A laser processing machine characterized by comprising a fluid passage for supplying the pressure fluid to the inclined jet port. 2. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, further comprising an enlarged space between the upper base body and the lower base body. 3. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclined ejection port is composed of a plurality of tubular bodies. 4. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the through hole in the lower base of the suction mouthpiece is shaped to expand as it goes downward. 5. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the pedestal and the lower base are integrated. 6. The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the pedestal and the upper base are integrated.