JPH03219864A - Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol can - Google Patents
Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol canInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03219864A JPH03219864A JP2158111A JP15811190A JPH03219864A JP H03219864 A JPH03219864 A JP H03219864A JP 2158111 A JP2158111 A JP 2158111A JP 15811190 A JP15811190 A JP 15811190A JP H03219864 A JPH03219864 A JP H03219864A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aerosol
- alcohol content
- gas
- alcoholic
- liqueur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020094 liqueur Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000020098 plum wine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013522 vodka Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000288157 Passiflora edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000370 Passiflora edulis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013531 gin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015205 orange juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013944 peach juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013533 rum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019992 sake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020046 sherry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020083 shōchū Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020047 vermouth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015041 whisky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は、炭酸ガス、窒素ガスまたは両者の混合ガスを
充填したエアゾール容器入りアルコール性飲料に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an alcoholic beverage packaged in an aerosol container filled with carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixture of both gases.
[従来の技術および課題]
従来、料飲店においては、各種のアルコール性飲料に果
汁や香辛料などを飲む直前に混ぜ合わせてリキュール類
が作られているが、この方法は、混合割合が一定せず、
誰でも同じような香味に配合することは容易でなく、手
間もかかることである。[Conventional technology and issues] Traditionally, liqueurs have been made in restaurants by mixing various alcoholic beverages with fruit juices, spices, etc. just before drinking, but this method is difficult because the mixing ratio is not constant. ,
It is not easy and time-consuming for everyone to mix the same flavor.
また、酒販店においては、すでに混合したものを瓶や缶
に詰めて販売されているが、瓶入りのものは一度開栓す
ると香りがとびやすく、また、内容物も空気に触れて酸
化し、変化を受けやすい。In addition, at liquor stores, the pre-mixed mixture is sold in bottles and cans, but once the bottle is opened, the aroma tends to evaporate, and the contents oxidize when exposed to air. susceptible to change.
缶入りのものは、特に開缶後に変化しやすく1回限りの
使用のものが多い。さらに、炭酸水は、開栓後は炭酸ガ
スが揮散してしまうので、1回きりであり、炭酸水を使
う場合でも、その都度備えておく必要があり、不便であ
る。Canned products are susceptible to change, especially after opening, and are often used only once. Furthermore, carbonated water is inconvenient because the carbon dioxide gas evaporates after the bottle is opened, so it can only be used once, and even if carbonated water is used, it must be prepared each time.
本発明者らは、かかる不都合、不便を解決するため種々
検討する間に、近年、食品の分野でも利用されだしたエ
アゾール容器を用いることによりその目的が達成できる
ことを見出した。While conducting various studies to solve these problems and inconveniences, the present inventors discovered that the purpose could be achieved by using an aerosol container, which has recently been used in the food field.
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明は、アルコール分30〜96容量%の高アルコー
ル分酒類(1種類あるいは、2種類以上の酒類を混ぜ合
わせたもの)20〜60重量%、糖類20〜60重量%
、果汁10〜50重量%、水0〜50重量%を主成分と
し、所望により、着香料、着色料を適時加えて香味を調
整した高濃度リキュール(アルコール分25〜60容量
%)とし、エアゾール容器に入れ、炭酸ガス、窒素ガス
または両者の混合ガスを充填したエアゾール容器入りア
ルコール性飲料を提供するものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides high alcohol alcoholic beverages (one type or a mixture of two or more types of alcoholic beverages) with an alcohol content of 30 to 96% by volume, 20 to 60% by weight, and a sugar content of 20 to 96% by weight. 60% by weight
, a high-concentration liqueur (alcohol content 25-60% by volume) containing 10-50% by weight of fruit juice and 0-50% by weight of water as main components, and adjusting the flavor by adding flavorings and colorants as desired, and an aerosol. The alcoholic beverage is provided in an aerosol container filled with carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixture of both gases.
本発明において用いる高アルコール分酒類は、焼酎、ス
ピリッツ、ラム、ウィスキー、ブランテ、ウオツカ、ジ
ンなどの通常の蒸留酒類、梅酒、キュラソー、ベルモッ
トなどのリキュール類、清酒、ブドウ酒、シェリー酒、
またはその他の酒類て、これらの酒類を1種類゛あるい
は2種類以上混ぜ合わせ、要すれば、醸造用アルコール
を加え、アルコール分を30〜96容量%としたもので
ある。The high alcohol alcoholic beverages used in the present invention include ordinary distilled spirits such as shochu, spirits, rum, whisky, brante, vodka, and gin, liqueurs such as plum wine, curacao, and vermouth, sake, grape wine, sherry wine,
Or other alcoholic beverages, one or more of these alcoholic beverages are mixed together, and if necessary, brewing alcohol is added to make the alcohol content 30 to 96% by volume.
ここで、アルコール分30容量%未満の酒類では、全体
のアルコール性飲料中のアルコール分が低すぎて、果汁
や糖類を添加することにより、よリアルコール分が下り
、容器当り飲用に供される杯数カ月〜3杯程度となり、
容器の大型化ら考えられるにしても飲用回数が少なくな
るので、エアゾール容器の利点・特徴が出しにくい。Here, for alcoholic beverages with an alcohol content of less than 30% by volume, the alcohol content in the entire alcoholic beverage is too low, and by adding fruit juice or sugar, the real alcohol content is lowered and the container becomes drinkable. It will last for several months to about 3 cups,
Even if it were possible to make the container larger, it would be difficult to take advantage of the benefits and features of an aerosol container because the number of times it would be consumed would be reduced.
つぎに、用いる糖類としては、異性化液糖、砂糖、ぶど
う糖、果糖、はちみつなどが挙げられる。Next, examples of the saccharide used include isomerized liquid sugar, sugar, glucose, fructose, and honey.
さらに、果汁としては、パイナツプル、イチゴ、メロン
、グレープフルーツ、パッションフルーツ、桃、リンゴ
、梅、ライム、レモン、グレーグ、マンゴ、バナナなど
の天然、濃縮、人工果汁が挙げられる。これら、糖類、
果汁はその風味上から、前記の配合割合とする。Furthermore, fruit juices include natural, concentrated, and artificial fruit juices such as pineapple, strawberry, melon, grapefruit, passion fruit, peach, apple, plum, lime, lemon, gray, mango, and banana. These sugars,
The blending ratio of fruit juice is set as above in view of its flavor.
また、必要に応じて着色料、着香料を用いて、より美味
なアルコール性飲料とすることができる。Moreover, a more delicious alcoholic beverage can be made by using a coloring agent and a flavoring agent as needed.
このアルコール性飲料をエアゾール容器、例えば、アル
ミ製エアゾール缶に詰め、炭酸ガス、窒素ガスまたは両
者の任意の割合の混合ガスを、ガス圧を、充填時5〜2
0 kg/cm″、充填後2〜10kg/c1に充填す
ることにより、手軽で簡便にファツショナブルかつ好み
に応じたアルコール分の、美味なアルコール性飲料を最
後まで、供することかできる。This alcoholic beverage is packed into an aerosol container, for example, an aluminum aerosol can, and carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixture of both at an arbitrary ratio is applied at a gas pressure of 5 to 2.
0 kg/cm", and by filling the container to 2 to 10 kg/cm after filling, it is possible to easily and simply serve a delicious alcoholic beverage that is fashionable and has an alcohol content according to one's taste.
[実施例]
実施例1
醸造用原料アルコール(アルコール濃度95容量%月7
00Qに異性化液糖1900&9、ピーチ5倍濃縮果汁
1700&9を加えて、良く混合し、220、W12容
アルミ製エアゾール缶をあらかじめ炭酸ガスで置換した
後、190肩Cずつ充填し、炭酸ガス5gを充填した。[Example] Example 1 Raw material alcohol for brewing (alcohol concentration 95% by volume)
Add isomerized liquid sugar 1900 & 9 and peach 5 times concentrated fruit juice 1700 & 9 to 00Q, mix well, replace 220 and W12 capacity aluminum aerosol cans with carbon dioxide gas, fill each 190 shoulder C and add 5 g of carbon dioxide gas. Filled.
このピーチ果汁入りリキュール約15zffに水氷45
xQを加えて飲む。Approximately 15 zff of this peach juice liqueur and 45 oz of water ice
Add xQ and drink.
この缶1本で、約13杯のリキュールを飲むことができ
、更に缶の容量を大きなものとし、それに対応したリキ
ュールを充填すれば、飲用杯数も適宜増大させることが
できる。Approximately 13 cups of liqueur can be drunk with one can, and by increasing the capacity of the can and filling it with the corresponding amount of liqueur, the number of drinks can be increased accordingly.
また、保存においては、ピーチの香りがいつまでも残っ
ており、炭酸ガスで充填されているため、はとんど果汁
の褐変反応も起こらない。In addition, during storage, the peach aroma remains forever, and since it is filled with carbon dioxide gas, the browning reaction of the fruit juice does not occur for the most part.
実施例2
アルコール分50容量%のウオツカを、容量220m(
!のアルミ製エアゾール缶をあらかしめ炭酸で置換した
後、190iσずつ充填し、炭酸ガス5gを充填した。Example 2 Vodka with an alcohol content of 50% by volume was poured into a container with a capacity of 220 m (
! After roughly replacing an aluminum aerosol can with carbonic acid, each can was filled with 190 iσ, and 5 g of carbon dioxide gas was added.
飲料に供する時は、このウオツカ20tQにオレンジジ
ュース40j+12を加えることにより、手軽にスクリ
ュードライバーを作ることができる。その他果汁を用い
て種々のカクテルを手軽に作ることができる。When serving as a beverage, you can easily make a screwdriver by adding 40j+12 orange juice to 20tQ of this vodka. Various other cocktails can be easily made using fruit juice.
実施例3
アルコール分25容量%の梅酒を、容量260蛙のアル
ミ製エアゾール缶に、190i(ずつ充填し、炭酸ガス
と窒素ガスの体積比で44対56の混合ガス1.39を
充填した。Example 3 Plum wine with an alcohol content of 25% by volume was filled into aluminum aerosol cans with a capacity of 260 liters (190 i) each, and a mixed gas of 1.39 carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas at a volume ratio of 44:56 was filled.
この炭酸ガスと窒素ガスの混合ガスは梅酒中に溶は込む
炭酸ガス量が0.5kg/cm”未満となり、酒税法上
の発泡性を有する酒類とならず、また、窒素ガスにより
、内容物も酸化されず、香味に影響を与えず、全量を噴
出させることができる。This mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas dissolves into the plum wine in an amount of less than 0.5 kg/cm, so the alcoholic beverage does not have effervescent properties as required by the Liquor Tax Act. It is not oxidized and does not affect the flavor, and the entire amount can be squirted out.
[発明の効果]
本発明のエアゾール容器入りアルコール性飲料は、従来
の瓶入りリキュール等のように開栓後、置いておくと香
りが揮散し、また、内容物が酸化されることもなく、い
つまでも誰でも手軽に新鮮な状態で美味しい微発泡性の
リキュールを飲むことができる。[Effects of the Invention] The alcoholic beverage packaged in an aerosol container of the present invention, unlike conventional bottled liqueurs, does not have a scent that evaporates when left to stand after opening, and does not oxidize the contents. Anyone can easily drink fresh, delicious, slightly sparkling liqueur forever.
Claims (2)
ル性飲料をエアゾール缶に詰め、炭酸ガス、窒素ガスま
たは両者の混合ガスを充填して得られるエアゾール容器
入りアルコール性飲料。(1) An alcoholic beverage in an aerosol container obtained by filling an aerosol can with a highly concentrated alcoholic beverage having an alcohol content of 25 to 60% by volume and filling the can with carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixture of both gases.
酒類20〜60重量%、糖類20〜60重量%および果
汁10〜50重量%を配合してなるエアゾール容器入り
アルコール性飲料用酒。(2) An alcoholic beverage packaged in an aerosol container, which contains 20 to 60% by weight of a high-alcohol alcoholic beverage with an alcohol content of 30 to 96% by volume, 20 to 60% by weight of saccharides, and 10 to 50% by weight of fruit juice.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2158111A JPH03219864A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1990-06-15 | Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol can |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP30263089 | 1989-11-21 | ||
JP1-302630 | 1989-11-21 | ||
JP2158111A JPH03219864A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1990-06-15 | Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol can |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03219864A true JPH03219864A (en) | 1991-09-27 |
Family
ID=26485348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2158111A Pending JPH03219864A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1990-06-15 | Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol can |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH03219864A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1029806A1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-23 | NEW SPIRIT di Torresan Barbara S.a.s. & C. | Method of tasting beverages by using an aerosol container |
JP2002532351A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2002-10-02 | ハイネケン テクニカル サービシーズ ビー.ブイ. | Containers for storing and dispensing beverages, especially beer |
WO2002070371A3 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-12-19 | Unilever Plc | Effervescent beverage in a container and method for drinking the same |
JP2009017877A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-29 | National Research Inst Of Brewing | Method for producing alcoholic beverages |
JP2015007588A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-15 | 株式会社タセト | Aerosol-type concrete-neutralization measurement device |
-
1990
- 1990-06-15 JP JP2158111A patent/JPH03219864A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002532351A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2002-10-02 | ハイネケン テクニカル サービシーズ ビー.ブイ. | Containers for storing and dispensing beverages, especially beer |
EP1029806A1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-23 | NEW SPIRIT di Torresan Barbara S.a.s. & C. | Method of tasting beverages by using an aerosol container |
WO2002070371A3 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-12-19 | Unilever Plc | Effervescent beverage in a container and method for drinking the same |
AU2002254918B2 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2005-06-02 | Unilever Plc | Effervescent beverage in a container and method for drinking the same |
JP2009017877A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-29 | National Research Inst Of Brewing | Method for producing alcoholic beverages |
JP2015007588A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-15 | 株式会社タセト | Aerosol-type concrete-neutralization measurement device |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4695468A (en) | Process for producing carbonated beverages | |
TWI696694B (en) | Drinks with woody ingredients | |
GB2027447A (en) | Alcoholic stimulant beverages | |
US20090022869A1 (en) | Alcoholic beverage | |
JP5000478B2 (en) | Lemon juice-containing alcoholic beverage | |
JPH03219864A (en) | Alcoholic drink packed in aerosol can | |
JP6625817B2 (en) | Containerized alcoholic beverages | |
AU2004221526B2 (en) | Container-packaged beverage, method for its production and beverage flavor-enhancing method | |
JP2529072B2 (en) | Flavored alcoholic beverage containing a small amount of carbonic acid | |
JP2004275112A5 (en) | ||
RU2154098C2 (en) | Low-alcoholic beverage | |
JP2004000080A (en) | Syrup beverage contained in small, single-serving and, sealed package | |
SU475393A1 (en) | Alcoholic carbonated drink | |
SU1373398A1 (en) | Soft aerated drink | |
RU2191822C2 (en) | Low-alcoholic drink | |
RU2156285C1 (en) | Weakly alcoholic cocktail | |
RU2097294C1 (en) | Method of and device for preparation of drinks | |
JPH0730092U (en) | Canned beverage | |
RU2154097C2 (en) | Low-alcoholic beverage | |
RU2189158C2 (en) | Alcohol-free beverage | |
RU2188230C2 (en) | Weak alcoholic cocktail | |
JP2023032092A (en) | Fruit juice-containing alcoholic beverage | |
RU2222581C2 (en) | Weakly alcoholic cocktail | |
AU2005201219A1 (en) | An Alcoholic Beverage and Method for Making Same | |
JP2017012008A (en) | Bottled alcoholic beverage |