JPH03212127A - Charging and discharging circuit - Google Patents
Charging and discharging circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03212127A JPH03212127A JP497490A JP497490A JPH03212127A JP H03212127 A JPH03212127 A JP H03212127A JP 497490 A JP497490 A JP 497490A JP 497490 A JP497490 A JP 497490A JP H03212127 A JPH03212127 A JP H03212127A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- light emitting
- lithium secondary
- charging
- main power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は充放電可能なバックアップ電源が用いられる機
器、たとえばマイコン搭載機器などにおけるバックアッ
プ電源用の充放電回路に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging/discharging circuit for a backup power source in equipment in which a rechargeable/dischargeable backup power source is used, such as equipment equipped with a microcomputer.
従来の技術
近年、マイコンを搭載した電子機器が急増する傾向にあ
るが、電源オフ時など、大切なメモリーが消去しないよ
うに種々のメモリーバックアップ電源が用いられている
。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of electronic devices equipped with microcomputers, and various memory backup power supplies are used to prevent important memory from being erased when the power is turned off.
バックアップ電源としては、リチウム−次電池、乾電池
などの充電できない一次電池、及びＮｉ −Ｃｄ電池、
リチウム二次電池などの充電可能な二次電池やキャパシ
タがある。As a backup power source, lithium secondary batteries, non-rechargeable primary batteries such as dry batteries, Ni-Cd batteries,
There are rechargeable secondary batteries such as lithium secondary batteries and capacitors.
このうち、リチウム二次電池はＮ１−（ｊ１１電池、キ
ャパシタに比べ電池電圧が３ｖと高く、高エネルギー密
度を有し、長期保存における劣化も非常に小さいなどの
長期信頼性に優れるため、最近、メモリバックアップ電
源として注目をあびている。Among these, lithium secondary batteries have a high battery voltage of 3V compared to N1-(j11 batteries and capacitors), have high energy density, and have excellent long-term reliability such as very little deterioration during long-term storage. It is attracting attention as a memory backup power source.
そして、ＩＣ回路のメモリーをバックアップするために
必要な電圧が３ｖ以上であると、Ｎニーｃｄ電池、キャ
パシタの場合、３個以上直列接続しなければならないが
、３ｖ級のリチウム二次電池では２個直列接続するだけ
でバックアップが可能となる。しかし、主電源電圧が６
ｖの場合、リチウム二次電池の適正な充電電圧は１個当
９３Ｖ付近であるため、２個を第４図に示すように直列
接続しただけでは、２個のリチウム電池を充電すること
はできなかった。このため、回路上の工夫が要求されて
いた。If the voltage required to back up the memory of an IC circuit is 3V or more, three or more N-needle CD batteries and capacitors must be connected in series, but a 3V class lithium secondary battery requires two or more. Backup is possible simply by connecting them in series. However, the main power voltage is 6
In the case of V, the appropriate charging voltage for a lithium secondary battery is around 93V, so it is not possible to charge two lithium batteries by simply connecting two batteries in series as shown in Figure 4. There wasn't. For this reason, circuit improvements have been required.
発明が解決しようとする課題
リチウム二次電池を２個で対応する場合、適正な充電電
圧は１個あたり３ｖ附近にあるのに対し、主電源電圧の
多くは５ｖであるので、単純に２個を直列接続しただけ
では、充電することができない問題があった。Problem to be Solved by the Invention When dealing with two lithium secondary batteries, the appropriate charging voltage is around 3V per battery, whereas most main power supply voltages are 5V, so simply two batteries are required. There was a problem in that it was not possible to charge the batteries simply by connecting them in series.
本発明では、回路上の工夫を施し、２個のリチウム二次
電池を適正な充電電圧で充電でき、メモリーバックアッ
プに必要な電圧が得られるようにすることを目的とした
。The present invention aims to make it possible to charge two lithium secondary batteries at an appropriate charging voltage and obtain the voltage necessary for memory backup by making improvements to the circuit.
課題を解決するだめの手段
この問題点を解決するために、種々検討した結果、本発
明は、直流主電源の両極間に第１のリチウム二次電池と
第１の発光ダイオードを直列接続するとともに、第２の
りチウム二次電池を第１の発光ダイオードに、第２の発
光ダイオードを第１のリチウム二次電池にそれぞれ並列
接続し、第１と第２のリチウム二次電池及び第１と第２
の発光ダイオードの間に第３の発光ダイオードを接続し
たものである。Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, as a result of various studies, the present invention has been developed by connecting a first lithium secondary battery and a first light emitting diode in series between the two poles of a DC main power supply, and , the second lithium secondary battery is connected in parallel to the first light emitting diode, the second light emitting diode is connected in parallel to the first lithium secondary battery, and the first and second lithium secondary batteries and the first and first lithium secondary batteries are connected in parallel. 2
A third light emitting diode is connected between the two light emitting diodes.
作用
発光ダイオードの電圧−電流特性は、第２図に示す如く
であるが、順方向には電流がｖＯよυ急激に立ち上がる
性質を有している。The voltage-current characteristics of the active light emitting diode are as shown in FIG. 2, and in the forward direction the current has a property of rapidly rising to vO.
この素子を用い、第１図ａの充電回路とした場合、第１
の発光ダイオードの電圧ｖＯと第１のリチウム二次電池
の最大許容電圧の合計が、また第２の発光ダイオードの
電圧ｖＯと第２のリチウム二次電池の最大許容電圧の合
計が、直流主電源の電圧とほぼ一致するような組み合わ
せにするわけである。そうすることにより、第１および
第２のリチウム二次電池が充電される電圧領域では（最
大許容電圧よシ低い電圧）、第１および第２の発光ダイ
オードの電圧ｖｏよシ少し高い位置にあるので、充電電
流はよく流れ、充電が完了すると第１および第２のリチ
ウム二次電池電源の電圧が上昇し、第１および第２の発
光ダイオードの電圧はｖＯまで下がり、充電電流はほと
んど流れなくなってしまう。そして、第１および第２の
リチウム二次電池の電圧は、共に許容電圧内でホールド
され、平衡状態となシ、リチウム二次電池をそれぞれ充
電することができる。When this element is used to create the charging circuit shown in Figure 1a, the first
The sum of the voltage vO of the light emitting diode and the maximum allowable voltage of the first lithium secondary battery, and the sum of the voltage vO of the second light emitting diode and the maximum allowable voltage of the second lithium secondary battery are the DC main power supply. The combination is made so that the voltage almost matches that of . By doing so, in the voltage range in which the first and second lithium secondary batteries are charged (voltage lower than the maximum allowable voltage), the voltage vo of the first and second light emitting diodes is slightly higher. Therefore, the charging current flows well, and when charging is completed, the voltage of the first and second lithium secondary battery power sources increases, the voltage of the first and second light emitting diodes decreases to vO, and almost no charging current flows. It ends up. Then, the voltages of the first and second lithium secondary batteries are both held within the allowable voltage range, and the lithium secondary batteries can be charged respectively in a balanced state.
さらに第１．第３の発光ダイオードのｖＯの和が第２の
リチウム二次電池の放電電圧以上に、また第２．第３の
発光ダイオードのｖｏの和が第１のリチウム二次電池の
放電電圧以上になるように、かつ第１．第２．第３の発
光ダイオードのｖｏの和が、直流電源電圧以上になるよ
うに第３の発光ダイオードを接続するわけである。Furthermore, the first. The sum of vO of the third light emitting diodes is higher than the discharge voltage of the second lithium secondary battery, and the sum of the vO of the third light emitting diodes is higher than the discharge voltage of the second lithium secondary battery. such that the sum of vo of the third light emitting diodes is equal to or higher than the discharge voltage of the first lithium secondary battery, and the first. Second. The third light emitting diodes are connected so that the sum of vo of the third light emitting diodes is equal to or higher than the DC power supply voltage.
そうすることにより、リチウム二次電池は、発光ダイオ
ードを経由しての放電損失がなく、がっ、充電時、充電
電流が３個の発光ダイオードを経由して流れることなく
効率よく充電することができる。By doing so, the lithium secondary battery has no discharge loss through the light emitting diodes, and when charging, the charging current does not flow through the three light emitting diodes, making it possible to charge efficiently. can.
またリチウム二次電池に充電電流の御限がある場合、電
流制限用の保護抵抗を第１図すのように直列接続すれば
よいわけである。Furthermore, if the lithium secondary battery has a charging current limit, it is sufficient to connect a protective resistor for current limiting in series as shown in Figure 1.
実施例
実施例１
直流主電源の電圧を６ｖとし、第１および第２のリチウ
ム二次電池Ｂ１． Ｂ２として正極に五酸化バナジウム
、負極にリチウムアルミニウム合金ヲ用いたバナジウム
／リチウム二次電池を用い、Ｄｌ、 Ｄ２． Ｄ３の３
個の発光ダイオードを使用して６ｖ出力の直流主電源Ｄ
Ｏ８につないで第１図ａに示す充放電回路を構成した。Examples Example 1 The voltage of the DC main power source was 6V, and the first and second lithium secondary batteries B1. A vanadium/lithium secondary battery using vanadium pentoxide as a positive electrode and a lithium aluminum alloy as a negative electrode was used as B2, and Dl, D2. D3 no 3
DC main power supply D with 6V output using light emitting diodes
By connecting it to O8, a charging/discharging circuit shown in FIG. 1a was constructed.
Ｌは負荷である。L is the load.
ここでのバナジウム／リチウム二次電池は、３ｖの電圧
を有し、２０１１１Ａｈの電気容量を有している。The vanadium/lithium secondary battery here has a voltage of 3V and an electric capacity of 20111Ah.
その充放電特性は第３図に示したが、充電は、大体３ｖ
から３．３ｖの間で行なわれ、その後電圧が急赦に立ち
上がる。しかし、充電電圧を約３．７ｖ以内にホールド
すれば、充電状態で安定な均衡を保つ性質を有している
。Its charge/discharge characteristics are shown in Figure 3, and charging is approximately 3V.
to 3.3V, and then the voltage suddenly rises. However, if the charging voltage is held within about 3.7V, it has the property of maintaining a stable balance in the charging state.
また、第１．第２．第３の発光ダイオードＤ、。Also, 1st. Second. A third light emitting diode D,.
Ｄ２．Ｄ３としてｖｏが１．７ｖ付近のものをそれぞれ
用いた。２個の放電後のバナジウム／リチウム二次電池
を本発明の回路で充電するとそれぞれ第３図に示すよう
な充電カーブが得られる。そして充電電圧が３．４ｖ付
近でそれぞれ安定した。また、この回路で、直流主電源
ＤＯ８をオフ状態にしたところ、負荷にかかる平均電圧
は約４．ｏＶ得ることができ、メモリーバックアップ電
圧が３ｖ以上必要なＩＣ回路にも充分対応することがで
きる。D2. As D3, those with vo around 1.7v were used. When two discharged vanadium/lithium secondary batteries are charged using the circuit of the present invention, charging curves as shown in FIG. 3 are obtained. Then, the charging voltage became stable around 3.4V. Also, in this circuit, when the DC main power supply DO8 is turned off, the average voltage applied to the load is approximately 4. OV can be obtained, and it can be fully used for IC circuits that require a memory backup voltage of 3V or more.
実施例２
実施例１で、さらに第１図すのように、３００Ωの保護
抵抗Ｒ，、Ｒ２を直列に接続し、実施例１と同じように
、充放電試験をしてみたが、充電電流が２ｍム以内に制
限され、充電完了時の電圧及び主電源オフ時の負荷にか
かる電圧は実施例１と同じ結果であった。このことより
、充電時の電流を制限するための保護抵抗を接続するこ
とも可能である。Example 2 In Example 1, as shown in Figure 1, 300Ω protective resistors R, R2 were connected in series, and a charge/discharge test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. was limited to within 2 mm, and the voltage applied to the load when charging was completed and the voltage applied to the load when the main power was turned off were the same as in Example 1. From this, it is also possible to connect a protective resistor to limit the current during charging.
比較例として、Ｍｉ−Ｃｄ電池、キャパシタなどで用い
られている充放電回路と同じようにリチウム二次電池を
２個直列接続した第４図の回路でテストを行なった。As a comparative example, a test was conducted using a circuit shown in FIG. 4 in which two lithium secondary batteries were connected in series, similar to the charging/discharging circuit used in Mi-Cd batteries, capacitors, and the like.
充電時、電池電圧はそれぞれ約２．６ｖまでにしか上が
らず、主電源をオフ状態にすると、負荷にかかる電圧は
２ｖ以下になり、メモリーをバックアップするに必要な
電圧は得られなかった。このように単純に直列接続する
だけでは電池を充電することはできない。During charging, the battery voltage only rose to about 2.6V, and when the main power was turned off, the voltage applied to the load dropped to less than 2V, making it impossible to obtain the voltage necessary to back up the memory. A battery cannot be charged simply by connecting in series like this.
なお、実施例としては、リチウム二次電池として、バナ
ジウム／リチウム二次電池を上げたが、これは原理的な
ものを示したにすぎず、カーボン／リチウム二次電池、
マンガン／リチウム二次電池、二硫化モリブデン／リチ
ウム二次電池、ボ、す→−／リチウム二次電池など広く
適用することができる。In addition, as a lithium secondary battery, a vanadium/lithium secondary battery was given as an example, but this only shows the principle, and a carbon/lithium secondary battery, a carbon/lithium secondary battery,
It can be widely applied to manganese/lithium secondary batteries, molybdenum disulfide/lithium secondary batteries, and lithium secondary batteries.
また、直流主電源の電圧はもちろん５ｖに限定されるも
のではなく、種々の電圧において定電圧素子を適切に選
択することによって自由に使いこなすことができる。Further, the voltage of the DC main power supply is of course not limited to 5V, and can be freely used at various voltages by appropriately selecting a constant voltage element.
発明の効果
以上から明らかなように本発明の充放電回路は、リチウ
ム二次電池を適正な充電電圧で充電ができ、メモリバッ
クアップに必要な電圧を得ることができる。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above, the charging/discharging circuit of the present invention can charge a lithium secondary battery at an appropriate charging voltage and can obtain the voltage necessary for memory backup.
第１図ａ、ｂは本発明の充放電回路を示す図、第２図は
発光ダイオードのＶ−Ｉ特性を示す図、第３図はリチウ
ム二次電池の充放電カーブを示す図、第４図は比較例の
充放電回路を示す図である。
ｎｃｓ・・・・・・直流主電源、Ｂ、 、 Ｂ２・・・
・・・リチウム二次電池、Ｄｌ、 Ｄ２． Ｄ３・・・
・・・発光ダイオード、Ｌ・・・・・・負荷、Ｒ１，Ｒ
２・・・・・・抵抗。Figures 1a and b are diagrams showing the charging/discharging circuit of the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the VI characteristics of a light emitting diode, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the charging/discharging curve of a lithium secondary battery, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the charging/discharging curve of a lithium secondary battery. The figure is a diagram showing a charging/discharging circuit of a comparative example. ncs...DC main power supply, B, , B2...
...Lithium secondary battery, Dl, D2. D3...
...Light emitting diode, L...Load, R1, R
2...Resistance.
Claims (2)
及びその充電電源を兼ねた直流主電源とから構成され、
それらが接続された回路において、直流主電源の両極間
に第１のリチウム電池と第１の発光ダイオードを直列接
続し、かつ第２のリチウム電池を第１の発光ダイオード
に、第２の発光ダイオードを第１のリチウム電池にそれ
ぞれ並列接続するとともに、第１と第２のリチウム電池
及び第１と第２の発光ダイオードの間に第３の発光ダイ
オードを接続したことを特徴とする充放電回路。(1) Backup power source is a lithium battery that can be charged and discharged.
and a DC main power source that also serves as its charging power source,
In the circuit in which they are connected, a first lithium battery and a first light emitting diode are connected in series between both poles of a DC main power supply, and a second lithium battery is connected to the first light emitting diode, and a second light emitting diode is connected to the second lithium battery. are connected in parallel to a first lithium battery, and a third light emitting diode is connected between the first and second lithium batteries and the first and second light emitting diodes.
に過電流防止用抵抗が接続されていることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の充放電回路。(2) The charging/discharging circuit according to claim 1, wherein an overcurrent prevention resistor is connected in series with each of the first and second light emitting diodes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP497490A JPH03212127A (en) | 1990-01-12 | 1990-01-12 | Charging and discharging circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP497490A JPH03212127A (en) | 1990-01-12 | 1990-01-12 | Charging and discharging circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03212127A true JPH03212127A (en) | 1991-09-17 |
Family
ID=11598572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP497490A Pending JPH03212127A (en) | 1990-01-12 | 1990-01-12 | Charging and discharging circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03212127A (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-01-12 JP JP497490A patent/JPH03212127A/en active Pending
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