JPH03199185A - Method for accelerating coloration of citrus fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accelerate the coloration of citrus fruits without problems of chemical hazards and toxicity by diluting a fertilizer compsn. into which a prescribed ratio of a corn steep liquor is incorporated and with which specific fertilizer components are compounded and spraying the dilute compsn. on the leaves of the citrus. CONSTITUTION:The fertilizer compsn. into which the corn steep liquor is incorporated at 15 to 65wt.% in terms of 50wt.% moisture and with which the fertilizer components are compounded so as to attain 0.5 to 2.0:7 to 9:4 to 6 ratio of M including the component of this liquid, phosphoric acid (P2O5) and K (K2O) is diluted and the dilute compsn. is sprayed to the leaves of the citrus.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves applying a composition containing corn stew liquor (hereinafter abbreviated as C3L) and consisting of a certain proportion of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium to citrus leaves. This invention relates to a method for promoting fruit coloring by surface spraying.

[Conventional technology]

Currently, citrus fruits are in a state of oversupply due to overproduction and import liberalization, and there is a strong need for a method that allows them to be produced earlier than the harvest time for general products as a means of increasing added value.

In particular, there is a strong demand for forced cultivation using greenhouses, and various methods are being studied.

For example, lead arsenate has been used as an effective method, but it is no longer used because of its toxicity to humans and livestock.

In addition, attempts have been made to apply other chemicals, but none have yet been found that are satisfactory in terms of efficacy and the problem of chemical damage to crops.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-22898 describes a method for promoting the growth of agricultural crops by bringing the crops into contact with CSL.

This publication states that a 0.00025 to 0.01% aqueous solution may be sprayed on the leaves, and the purpose of this is to increase the yield of agricultural crops, particularly to promote the growth of underground parts.

JP-A No. 47-27761 discloses a method for producing a highly effective fertilizer in which C3L and corn oil soapstock are mixed and the pH of the mixture is finally adjusted to 5.0 to 6.5. is disclosed.

Effects include germination, rooting, and tillage of crops.
It is stated that it promotes flowering, ripening, etc., as well as the enlargement and coloring of fruits and vegetables, and that it also improves yield and quality, but in the case of C3L, the effective concentration range is limited. Considering that the above is a literal statement, the fertilizer effect has actually been confirmed for plant height and number of leaves of paddy rice, number of fruits of tomatoes and melons, fruit type, sugar content, weight of potatoes, and weight of stems and leaves. The application method is soil application.

JP 62-187191 A A mixture of CSL and an additive source sufficient to provide a plant nutrient with a ratio of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium suitable for plant growth;
The amount of SL is such that at least 5% of the nitrogen in the mixture is C3L
Disclosed are plant nutrients derived from and methods of use.

This document describes that by mixing C3L and other fertilizer components, NA
The idea of changing the fertilizer ratio from 20 to 5 to P O: is acceptable, but the target plants, application method,
Considering that these optimal fertilizer ratios vary greatly depending on the desired effect, this document states that the ratio of N:P O:K O for radish is 5 2 5:10:5, and for radish, short carrots, Regarding zucchini and capocha, only 4:4:4 N:P205 ratio has been confirmed.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-34960 discloses a method for producing a liquid fertilizer in which C8L is decomposed with an alkali, the pH of the decomposed solution is adjusted to 7 or lower with a phosphoric acid solution, and then fertilizer salts are added and dissolved.

This invention produces a liquid fertilizer containing organic and inorganic fertilizer salts and having excellent stability without two-layer separation or crystal precipitation. For example, when the ratio of N:P20s:20 is 8:3. :5 liquid fertilizer is listed, but the target plants,
There is no description of application methods or intended effects on plants.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The present invention provides safe citrus fruits (Unshu mandarin oranges, summer mandarin oranges, honeysuckle, oranges,
The purpose of this research is to understand how to promote the coloring of fruits such as grapefruit (grapefruit, etc.).

[Means to solve the problem]

As a result of intensive research to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the present inventors found that the effective application range of C3L is relatively limited, and that depending on the target plant, application method, and desired effect,
It was discovered that the optimal N:P2O5: ratio of 20 is different, and the optimal N:P O:K for promoting coloration of citrus fruits is found.
The inventors discovered the ratio of zO and arrived at the present invention.

The present invention contains corn steve liquor (CS L) containing 15 to 65% by weight converted to 50% water, and contains nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P2O5), and potassium (Kz2O5). ) ratio is 0,5~2.0:7
This is a method for promoting coloration of citrus fruits, characterized by diluting a fertilizer composition containing fertilizer components of 4 to 6 to 9:4 to 6 and spraying the diluted fertilizer composition on the leaves of citrus fruits.

When C3L is less than 15% by weight in the fertilizer composition, the coloring promotion effect is low, as shown in Comparative Example 1 (Composition 9) below, and 6
When the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the total amount of the compound increases, making it difficult to formulate a formulation due to problems such as crystallization. Furthermore, as is clear from the Comparative Examples described later, when the N:P O: ratio was outside the 20 ratio, no significant effect on the coloring of the pericarp was observed compared to the Examples.

C5L is a by-product of producing starch (corn starch) from corn, and is a concentrated solution of the soluble components that are eluted during the process of softening corn kernels by soaking them in sulfite water, resulting in natural lactic acid fermentation. .

Currently commercially available C3L has a total nitrogen content of approximately 3.5 to 4.2
Weight%, amino nitrogen 0.7-1.5% by weight, total sugar 1
0% by weight or less, moisture 50-55% by weight, pH 3.8-4
．． It shows the properties of 2.

C3L contains various amino acids such as glutamic acid, proline, leucine, alanine, and aspartic acid, potassium,
It contains minerals such as phosphoric acid and magnesium, sugars such as glucose, fructose, and galactose, vitamins such as inositol, choline, and niacin, and many other nutrients.

The present invention adds urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, etc. as a nitrogen source, potassium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, etc. as a phosphate source, and potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, etc. as a potassium source to this CSL. The ratio of 20 to N:P2O5:0.5~2:7~9
: 4 to 6.

The method of promoting coloration of citrus fruits of the present invention is expected to be more effective by containing magnesium in addition to nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium. In this case, it is preferable to use an organic acid such as citric acid as a stabilizer for the composition.

At this time, nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P2O5), potassium (
It is effective to configure the composition so that the ratio of K22O5) and magnesium (Mg2O5) is 0.5-2:7-9:4-620.5-2 and spray this on the leaves. It is true.

From the viewpoint of production and distribution handling, the method for promoting fruit coloration of the present invention includes 15 to 65% by weight of C3L, N
A fertilizer composition containing 015-2% by weight, 9% by weight of PO7-5, and 4-6% by weight of K2O is prepared in advance, and when used, it is diluted with water 200-1.000 times, preferably 400-800 times. , preferably sprayed on the leaves of citrus fruits.

Although the spraying timing varies depending on the type of citrus fruit, it is preferable to spray the leaves several times one week to three months, preferably one week to two months, before harvest.

〔Example〕

EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

(Example 1) Composition 1.2 shown in the table below was prepared and filtered for two 20-year-old Satsuma mandarin oranges (variety: Ninomiya Wase) grown in a greenhouse, and then diluted 600 times with water. Sprayed twice.

Table 1 Ten fruits were harvested from each tree and the skin color was examined using a color chart. The results are shown in Table 2, and the test plots had good coloring and red paste. In particular, the results were better when magnesium was included.

Moreover, no drug damage was observed.

Spraying port: July 26th, August 6th, August 17th Harvest: September 13th Table [Comparative Example] Compositions 3 to 9 shown in Table 3 were prepared and filtered, and then treated in the same manner as in Example 1. The test was conducted on The results are shown in Table 4, and no significant effect was observed compared to the Examples.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Contains a certain amount or more of commercially available C8L, nitrogen, phosphoric acid,
By spraying a composition containing a certain percentage of potassium on the leaves of citrus fruits, it has the effect of promoting fruit coloring, and enables early shipping of the fruits.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Contains 15 to 65% by weight of corn steve liquor calculated from 50% water, including nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P_2O_5), and potassium. The ratio of (K_2O) is 0.5-2.0:7-9:4-6
A method for promoting coloration of citrus fruits, which comprises diluting a fertilizer composition containing fertilizer components and spraying the diluted fertilizer composition on leaves of citrus fruits. 2. Nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P_2O_5), potassium (
K_2O), the ratio of magnesium (MgO) is 0.5~
2. The method for promoting coloration of citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein a fertilizer composition formulated in the ratio of 2:7 to 9:4 to 6:0.5 to 2 is diluted and sprayed on leaves. 3. Add a fertilizer composition containing 0.5 to 2.0% by weight, 7 to 9% by weight, and 4 to 6% by weight of nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P_2O_5), and potassium (K_2O), respectively, with water for 200 to 200%. 1
2. The method for promoting coloration of citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein the diluted product is diluted 1,000 times and applied to the leaves of citrus fruits. 4. The method for promoting coloration of citrus fruits according to claim 3, wherein a diluted solution of the fertilizer composition is sprayed several times during one week to three months before harvest.