JP2866128B2 - Method for promoting citrus fruit coloring - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a composition containing corn steep liquor (hereinafter abbreviated as CSL) and containing a fixed ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium to citrus fruits. The present invention relates to a method for promoting the coloring of fruits by surface application.

[Conventional technology]

At present, citrus fruits are in an oversupplied state due to overproduction and liberalization of imports, and there is an urgent need for a method of increasing the added value that can be produced earlier than the harvest time of general products.

Particularly in the case of forcing cultivation using a house, the demand is strong, and various methods are being studied.

For example, lead arsenate has been applied as an effective method, but due to toxicity to humans and animals, it is not used at present.

Attempts have also been made to apply other chemicals, but none have been found to be particularly satisfactory in terms of phytotoxicity and effects on crops.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-22898 discloses a method for promoting the growth of crops by contacting the crops with CSL.

The publication states that a 0.00025-0.01% aqueous solution may be sprayed on the foliage, but its purpose is to increase the yield of crops, especially to promote the growth of underground parts.

JP-A-47-27761 discloses that CSL is mixed with an alkali soap of corn oil, and the pH of the mixture is finally adjusted to 5.0.
A method for producing a fertilizer having excellent fertilizer effect adjusted to ~ 6.5 is disclosed.

The effects are described as promoting the germination, rooting, tillering, flowering, and ripening of agricultural crops, as well as promoting the enlargement and coloring of fruits and vegetables, and improving the yield and quality. Although it is described, in the case of CSL, considering that the effective concentration range is limited, the above is a literal description, and in fact, the height of rice, the number of leaves, the number of fruits of tomato and melon, the number of fruits, Only the fertilizing effects of weight, sugar content, potato potato weight and foliage weight have been confirmed, and the application is soil application.

JP-A-62-187191 discloses a mixture of CSL and an additive source sufficient to provide a plant nutrient with a nitrogen, phosphate and potassium ratio suitable for plant growth, and the amount of CSL in this mixture. Disclosed are plant nutrition and uses wherein at least 5% of the nitrogen in the mixture comes from the CSL.

This document states that N: P ₂ O by mixing CSL with other fertilizer components
_Although the idea of setting the ratio of ₅ : K ₂ O fertilizer to a certain ratio is recognized, considering that these optimum fertilizer ratios differ greatly depending on the target plant, application method, and target effect, this document states that The ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O is 5: 10: 5,
Only radish, short carrot, zucchini, and pumpkin having a ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O of 4: 4: 4 have been confirmed.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-39606 discloses a method for producing a liquid fertilizer in which CSL is alkali-decomposed, the decomposed liquid is adjusted to pH 7 or less with a phosphoric acid solution, and fertilizer salts are added and dissolved.

The invention contains a fertilizer salts organic and inorganic, separation into two layers, intended to produce no stability superior liquid manure, such as crystallization, for example _{N: P 2 O 5: K} 2 O ratio of 8 : 3: 5 liquid fertilizer is described, but there is no description of the target plant, the application method, and the intended effect on the plant.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention provides a method for promoting the coloration of citrus (Satsuma mandarin, summer mandarin, hassaku, oranges, grapefruit, etc.) fruits without phytotoxicity to crops or toxicity to humans and animals even under special environments such as house cultivation. The purpose is to do.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, the effective application range of CSL is relatively limited, the target plant, the application method, the desired effect,
Finding that the optimal N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O ratio is different, finding the optimal N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O ratio for promoting the coloration of citrus fruits,
The present invention has been reached.

The invention uses corn steep liquor (CSL)
In terms of 0% by weight containing 15 to 65 wt%, the proportion of nitrogen, including components of the liquor (N), phosphate (P ₂ O ₅₎ and potassium (K ₂ O) is 0.5 to 2.0: 7 ~ 9: 4 ~ 6 This is a method for promoting the coloring of citrus fruits, characterized by diluting a fertilizer composition comprising a fertilizer component of phosphoric acid and potassium so as to consist of 4 to 6 and spraying the citrus leaves with foliage.

Comparative Example 1 described below when the CSL is less than 15% by weight in the fertilizer composition
As shown in (Composition 9), the effect of promoting coloring is low, and if it exceeds 65% by weight, the total solid content increases, so that formulation becomes difficult due to problems such as crystallization. Also, as apparent from the comparative examples described below, when the ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O is out of the range,
The coloring of the pericarp did not show a remarkable effect as compared with the examples.

CSL is a by-product of the production of starch (corn starch) from corn. In the process of immersing and softening corn husks with sulfurous acid, soluble components are eluted and the lactic acid fermentation spontaneously concentrated. .

Currently commercially available CSL generally has properties of 3.5 to 4.2% by weight of total nitrogen, 0.7 to 1.5% by weight of amino nitrogen, 10% by weight or less of total sugar, 50 to 55% by weight of water, and pH 3.8 to 4.2.

CSL contains various amino acids such as glutamic acid, proline, leucine, alanine, aspartic acid and potassium,
It contains inorganic substances such as phosphate and magnesium, sugars such as glucose, fructose and galactose, vitamins such as inositol, choline and niacin, and many other nutrients.

According to the present invention, a potassium source such as monopotassium phosphate or phosphoric acid is added to the CSL, and potassium chloride or potassium phosphate is added as a potassium source to reduce the ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O to 0.5. ~ 2: 7
9: 4 to 6.

The method for accelerating the coloration of citrus fruits of the present invention is expected to be more effective when CSL contains magnesium in addition to phosphoric acid and potassium. In this case, it is preferable to use an organic acid such as citric acid as a stabilizer for the composition.

At this time, nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ), potassium (K ₂
O) and magnesium (MgO) ratio is 0.5 ~ 2: 7 ~ 9: 4 ~
6: It is effective to compose the composition so as to be 0.5 to 2 and spray it on the foliage.

The method for promoting the coloring of fruits according to the present invention, from the viewpoint of production and distribution handling, includes NSL of 0.5 to 2 including 15 to 65% by weight of CSL.
%, P ₂ O ₅ 7 to 9% by weight, K ₂ O 4 to 6% by weight.
It is preferable to dilute it by a factor of 1, preferably 400 to 800 and spray it on the citrus leaves.

The time of spraying depends on the type of citrus, but before harvest 1
It is preferable that the leaves be sprayed several times during a period of one week to three months, preferably one week to two months.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

(Example 1) 20 years of house cultivation of Unshu mandarin orange (variety: Miyagawa early) 2
To the tree, the compositions passed after preparing the compositions 1 and 2 shown in the following table were diluted 600 times with water and sprayed three times.

Ten fruits were harvested from one tree at a time, and the color of the peel was examined using a color chart. The results are as shown in Table 2. The test plot had good coloring and reddish paste. In particular, the results containing magnesium were better. No phytotoxicity was observed.

Date of application: July 26 August 6 August 17 Harvest: September 13 [Comparative Example] After preparing compositions 3 to 9 shown in Table 3,
The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are as shown in Table 4, and no remarkable effect was observed as compared with the examples.

[Effect of the Invention] Contains a certain amount of commercially available CSL, nitrogen, phosphoric acid,
By spraying a composition containing a certain amount of potassium onto citrus leaves, the effect of promoting the coloring of fruits is achieved, and the fruits can be shipped early.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C05G 5/00 C05G 1/00 C05F 5/00 A01G 7/06

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A corn steep liquor containing 15 to 65% by weight in terms of a water content of 50% by weight. Nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) and potassium including the components of the liquor. (K
_The method is characterized in that a fertilizer composition containing a fertilizer component of phosphoric acid and potassium is diluted so that the ratio of 2O) is 0.5 to 2.0: 7 to 9: 4 to 6, and the leaves are sprayed on citrus. A method for promoting the coloration of citrus fruits. 2. The ratio of nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ), potassium (K ₂ O) and magnesium (MgO) is 0.5 to 2: 7 to 9: 4.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the fertilizer composition comprising a fertilizer component of phosphoric acid, potassium and magnesium is diluted and sprayed on the foliage.