JPH0318401B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field to which the Invention Pertains] This invention utilizes an electromagnetic attraction force that acts between a magnetic rail made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron provided on a track and an electromagnet provided on a train. The present invention relates to a levitation device for an attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle that supports and guides a vehicle in a non-contact manner by supporting the vehicle and guiding the vehicle in the left and right direction.

[Prior art and its problems]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the configuration of this type of magnetically levitated vehicle. In Figure 1, a car body 1 is a spring device 2.
A linear induction motor armature 4 for vehicle propulsion, an electromagnet 5 for supporting the vehicle, and an electromagnet 6 for guiding the vehicle are disposed on the trolley 3. Both sides of the track 9 A secondary iron core 8a and a secondary conductor 8b of the linear induction motor are attached to the surface facing the linear induction motor armature, and magnetic rails 7 that also serve as support and guide are attached to the lower end surfaces of both sides of the track 9. A supporting electromagnet 5, a guiding electromagnet 6 on the side,
They are arranged to face each other. In the vehicle configured in this way, the magnetic rail 7, the vehicle support electromagnet 5, and the vehicle guide electromagnet 6 are connected by controlling the excitation currents of the vehicle support electromagnet 5 and the vehicle guide electromagnet 6. The attraction force acting between the two causes the bogie 3 to float on the track 9 and guide it from side to side, and controls the current in the linear induction motor armature 4 to connect the linear induction motor armature 4 and the secondary conductor 8b. The electromagnetic force acting during this period propels the vehicle along the track 9.

This type of levitation device is desired to be small and lightweight, consume little power, have sufficient electromagnetic force and electromagnetic spring constant, and have good trajectory tracking, and have low construction and operating costs.
The system in which supporting and guiding electromagnets are arranged in a convex pole shape with north and south poles arranged alternately along the traveling direction, as shown in Figure 1, can reduce the leakage magnetic flux of the electromagnets, resulting in small inductance. This method satisfies the above requirements because the weight of the electromagnet is light, so it has excellent tracking ability to the trajectory.

Figure 2 shows an example of a conventional levitation device.
The guide magnetic rail 7a and guide magnetic rail 7b are each formed by integrating ferromagnetic plates laminated in different directions, and are combined to form the supporting and guiding magnetic rail 7.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a conventional floating device, in which the magnetic rail 7 for supporting and guiding is mechanically combined with the magnetic rail 7a for support and the magnetic rail 7b for guiding, and the wires of strong polarity are insulated from each other. By configuring the magnetic rail 7 in an integrated manner, the eddy current loss generated in the magnetic rail 7 is reduced in response to the magnetic field caused by the supporting electromagnet 5 and the magnetic field caused by the vehicle guiding electromagnet 6. be.

When the speed of the vehicle is slow, the eddy current loss occurring in the magnetic rail 7 is small, so the magnetic rail 7 does not need to have a laminated structure or be composed of wire rods.

However, conventionally, no special consideration has been given to the magnetic flux distribution within the magnetic rail, so the cross-sectional area of the magnetic rail 7 that also serves as support and guide is determined by simply mechanically combining the magnetic rail 7a for support and the magnetic rail 7b for guide. However, since the cross-sectional area is the same as in the case where the magnetic rail is not used for both purposes, there is a drawback that the cost of the magnetic rail cannot be reduced.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a levitation device for an attraction type magnetically levitated vehicle that is small, lightweight, and inexpensive and requires only a small cross-sectional area of a magnetic rail serving as a support and guide.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention provides a magnetic rail for both support and guidance along the traveling direction of the track, and electromagnets for support and guidance with equal pole pitch and convex poles on the train.
The magnetic poles of the supporting electromagnet are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the vehicle so that the magnetic poles of the supporting electromagnet face the lower surface of the magnetic rail, and the magnetic poles of the guiding electromagnet face the side surface of the magnetic rail, and the N and S poles are arranged alternately along the traveling direction. The magnetic flux component in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic rail is The support system and guide system are configured so that they cancel each other out.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of one side of the flotation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a side view. In the figure, magnetic rails 7 for supporting and guiding purposes are provided on both sides of the track (not shown) along the traveling direction, so that magnetic poles of different polarities are arranged alternately and symmetrically along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle on both sides of the vehicle. Convex pole support electromagnet 5
and a convex-pole guide electromagnet 6 are provided. At that time,
The pole pitches τ of the supporting electromagnet 5 and the guiding electromagnet 6 are set to be equal, and the supporting electromagnet 5 has a magnetic pole facing the lower surface of the magnetic rail 7, and the guiding electromagnet 6 has a magnetic pole facing the side surface of the magnetic rail 7. The support electromagnet 5 and the guide electromagnet 6 are arranged on the truck 3 so that the centers of their respective magnetic poles coincide with each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. With this arrangement, the supporting electromagnet 5 and the guiding electromagnet 6, which are arranged in parallel with each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, are excited so that the polarities of the magnetic poles thereof are opposite to each other.

In this way, the flow of magnetic flux becomes as shown in FIG. 5, and the magnetic flux component Bx ₁ in the traveling direction (x direction) due to the supporting electromagnet 5 in the magnetic rail 7 and the magnetic flux component Bx ₂ due to the guiding electromagnet are cancel each other out.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the distribution of magnetic flux components Bx ₁ and Bx ₂ in the magnetic rail 7 in the traveling direction, with the left end position of the magnetic poles 5 and 6 in Figure 5 as the origin 0, and the traveling direction (x direction) as the horizontal axis. , the magnetic flux component Bx in the traveling direction is plotted on the vertical axis. 0, τ, 2τ, 3τ on the horizontal axis of the figure are N
This corresponds to the center position in the direction of movement of the magnetic poles of pole and south pole (however, for magnetic poles at both ends, the ends of the magnetic poles are treated as the center position). As is clear from the figure, the magnetic flux component in the traveling direction passing through the magnetic rail 7 is smallest at the center position of each magnetic pole and largest at the midpoint between the N and S poles, but the magnetic flux component Bx ₁ due to the supporting electromagnet and the guiding magnetic flux component Since the magnetic flux components Bx ₂ due to the electromagnets are configured to have opposite polarities, the sum of the two is smaller than the magnetic flux component Bx ₁ of the supporting electromagnet. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic rail can be determined by considering the magnetic flux sum of Bx ₂ and Bx ₁ , and the magnetic flux density in this area can be reduced to a size that is allowable within the saturation limit of the ferromagnetic material that composes the magnetic rail 7. can do. However, since the guide electromagnet 6 is not always excited, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic rail 7 is determined based on the traveling direction magnetic flux component Bx ₁ of the support electromagnet 5.

FIG. 7 is a graph similar to FIG. 6, showing the distribution of magnetic flux components in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction with respect to the traveling direction. In the figure, supporting electromagnet 5
The magnetic flux component Bz ₁ caused by the guide electromagnet 6 and the magnetic flux component By ₂ caused by the guiding electromagnet 6 are in opposite directions because the magnetic poles are excited with opposite polarities. However, since the electromagnets are arranged at right angles, the two magnetic fluxes do not completely cancel each other out, and the sum of Bz ₁ and By ₂ becomes equal to or slightly larger than Bz ₁ . However, the magnetic flux that enters the magnetic rail 7 perpendicular to the traveling direction in the portion facing the S and N poles changes direction in the traveling direction, so that the effect of canceling each other occurs as shown in Fig. 6. Since the magnetic flux density in the gap between the electromagnet and the magnetic rail is smaller than the saturation magnetic flux density of the magnetic material, the magnetic field component perpendicular to the traveling direction of the magnetic rail 7 is considerably smaller than the saturation value of the strongly polarized material. Considering that the electromagnetic force acting on the supporting electromagnet 5 is usually smaller than the electromagnetic force acting on the supporting electromagnet 5, the magnetic flux density in the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the magnetic rail 7 is generally Even if the rail 7 is also used, the saturation limit value of the ferromagnetic material constituting the magnetic rail will not be exceeded. Therefore,
Even if the support magnetic rail 7a in FIG. 2 is also used as the guide magnetic rail 7b, the cross-sectional area of the support and guide magnetic rail 7 does not need to be larger than that of the support magnetic rail 7a. That is, if the present invention is implemented, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic rail required for support can also be used for guiding, so the cost for the guiding magnetic rail becomes unnecessary.

In order to improve the ability to follow minute displacements in the left and right directions, if a certain average current is constantly passed through the guide electromagnets 6 on both the left and right sides, this will have the effect of reducing the magnetomotive force required in the magnetic rail 7 section. It is also possible to reduce the excitation power of the supporting electromagnet.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, in the levitation device of an attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle, the supporting electromagnets and the guiding electromagnets are of convex pole shape with equal pole pitch, and the magnetic rail is also used for supporting and guiding. By controlling the excitation so that the centers of the magnetic poles coincide and the polarities are opposite to each other, there is no need for a guiding magnetic rail, so the cost of the track portion can be reduced. In addition, because the cross-sectional area of the magnetic rail is small, the levitation device on the vehicle can be made smaller, making the bogie lighter and cheaper, improving its ability to follow the track,
Moreover, ride comfort and running stability can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a magnetic levitation vehicle, FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views of main parts of a conventional levitation device, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views and side views of an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. , FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 are graphs showing the distribution of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic rail in the traveling direction. In the figure, 1: car body, 2: spring, 3: trolley,
5; Electromagnet for support, 6; Electromagnet for guide, 7; Magnetic rail for support and guide, 7a; Magnetic rail for support, 7
b: Guide magnetic rail, 9: Track, τ: Pole pitch, x: Traveling direction, Bx ₁ , Bx ₂ : Traveling direction magnetic flux components.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The vehicle is constructed such that magnetic poles of different polarities are arranged alternately along the traveling direction of the track, facing the lower surfaces of a pair of left and right magnetic rails installed in parallel with each other along the traveling direction of the track. salient pole support electromagnets provided symmetrically on the bogie, and supporting electromagnets provided symmetrically and facing each other on the side surfaces of the pair of magnetic rails, which are attached to the bogie of the vehicle so as to form a pair; In a vehicle equipped with a salient pole guiding electromagnet, the supporting electromagnet and the guiding electromagnet are formed so that their pole pitches are equal and the center positions of the magnetic poles in the traveling direction coincide with each other, and the center positions of the supporting electromagnet and the guiding electromagnet coincide with each other. A levitation device for an attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle, characterized in that the magnetic poles are excited to have opposite polarities. 2. In the device according to claim 1,
A levitation device for an attraction type magnetic levitation vehicle, characterized in that equal direct current bias currents are passed through the left and right guide electromagnets.