KR100278700B1 - Eddy Current Braking System Using Permanent Magnet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet, comprising: a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets (10) spaced apart from each other to face each other having the same polarity; Iron cores 20 of the same shape that are inserted into the spaced space between the adjacent permanent magnets 10; And a conductor disposed along the same polarity facing surface of the permanent magnet 10 and spaced apart from the permanent magnet 10 and the iron core 20 to have an air gap 30 at a predetermined distance. It is configured to include (35), in order to create a more magnetic flux is arranged to face the same polarity of the permanent magnet 10, to provide an auxiliary braking force directly to the railway vehicle without going through the wheel (Wheel), separate By generating a braking force on its own without the need for a power supply, it is a very useful invention that can save energy and reduce the weight of the device.

Description

Eddy Current Braking System Using Permanent Magnet

The present invention relates to an eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet, and more particularly, by generating a magnetic flux by using a permanent magnet instead of generating a magnetic flux by flowing a current through the winding coil, the energy required for generating a current As well as saving, the present invention relates to an eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet that makes the entire device lighter.

In general, a higher power braking force is required for a railway vehicle braking device, and the required braking force depends on the capacity of the vehicle braking device. However, since the braking force is typically transmitted through a wheel of a railroad vehicle, the braking force varies depending on a friction coefficient, that is, an adhesion coefficient between the vehicle wheel and a rail, wherein the adhesion coefficient is Since it varies depending on the adhesion condition between the wheel and the rail or the weather condition, when the necessary high power braking force is applied to the wheel, the wheel phenomenon and the rail may be rapidly worn due to the slip phenomenon, and accurate braking may not be achieved. As a result, there was a problem that the operation of a stable railway vehicle is impossible.

Accordingly, a method for applying a braking force directly to a railway vehicle instead of applying braking force through the vehicle wheel was devised. An eddy current braking device using a winding current has been developed, and a linear eddy current for high speed trains currently being promoted in Germany. In the case of a braking device, it is currently being developed as an auxiliary braking device for providing only auxiliary braking force to the high-speed train.

1 conceptually shows a part of a magnetic flux generating structure in an eddy current braking device for a high speed train using a winding current, and includes an iron core 1 attached to one side of a high speed train (not shown); And a winding coil (2) wound around the coil core (2), and the iron core (1) and the winding coil (2) were spaced apart a predetermined distance on the rail (3) as a conductor.

Referring to the process of generating the auxiliary braking force using the eddy current braking device using the conventional winding current configured as described above are as follows.

When a current is flowing through the winding coil 2 using a separate power supply device (not shown) at the time of generating the braking force, the iron core contacting the rail 3 by this current while the current is flowing ( A magnetic force serving as the N pole and the S pole, respectively, is generated in 1), and a magnetic field is formed between the rails 3 holding a gap of about 10 mm.

By the way, since the iron core 1 and the winding coil 2 are attached to the high-speed train running and are moving together, the rail 3, which is a conductor when viewed from the position of the rail 3, is electromagnetized. The same effect as moving while breaking the magnetic flux generated by the iron core (1), the induced electromotive force generated by the electromagnetic induction phenomenon on the surface of the rail (3), wherein the direction of the electromotive force is The induced electromotive force generated by the law of the right hand generates a spiral eddy current in the rail 3.

Since the current is continuously applied to the winding coil 2 to form a magnetic field even while the process is taking place, when an eddy current flows through the conductor rail 3 positioned in the magnetic continuation thus formed, the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. The electromagnetic force acting in the orthogonal direction with respect to each other is generated, and the direction of the generated electromagnetic force can be easily known from Fleming's left-hand law.

Finally, the direction of the electromagnetic force thus obtained acts in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the high speed train, and thus acts as an auxiliary braking force for the high speed train.

However, the eddy current braking device for a high-speed train is required to apply a current to the winding coil 2 in order to generate a magnetic flux as a previous step for generating an eddy current for obtaining a braking force. In addition, in order to obtain a more sufficient braking force, a high current must be flowed, which causes a problem in that the power loss in the winding coil 2 is large.

In addition, since the energy loss due to Joule heat generated by the eddy current is called eddy current loss, when the eddy current loss occurs, the temperature of the magnetic material rises, resulting in poor insulation.

Therefore, the present invention was created to solve the above problems, but provides auxiliary braking force directly to the railway vehicle without passing through a wheel, and generates a braking force by itself without the need of a separate power supply device. It is an object of the present invention to provide an eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet that can reduce the weight and reduce the weight of the device.

FIG. 1 conceptually illustrates a part of a magnetic flux generating structure in an eddy current braking apparatus for a high speed train using a winding current,

2 is a perspective view and a front view showing a conceptual configuration of the eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet according to the present invention,

Figure 3 is a state diagram showing the application to the actual eddy current braking device for a railway vehicle using the concept implemented in Figure 2,

4 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 3,

5 shows a magnetic flux curve in a steady state,

Figure 6 shows the braking force and suction force curve according to the speed of the railway vehicle,

7A and 7B illustrate embodiments in which the shapes of the permanent magnets and the iron cores are modified to increase the magnetic flux under the same volume, respectively.

8A, 8B, and 8C illustrate embodiments in which the shape of the permanent magnet and the iron core is modified to increase the magnetic flux even when the width of the conductor is limited.

※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing

1, 20: Iron Core 2: Winding coil

3, 60: rail 10: permanent magnet

30: air gap 35: conductor

40: support 41: wheels

42: railroad car bogie 43: support

50: eddy current brake 61: rail upper surface

The eddy current braking device using the permanent magnet according to the present invention for achieving the above object, in the non-contact braking device, is fixed to the driven body spaced apart from the conductor by a predetermined distance, so that the faces of the same polarity face each other A plurality of permanent magnets spaced apart; And it is characterized in that it comprises an iron core that is inserted and fixed in the separation space formed by the plurality of permanent magnets, respectively.

The eddy current braking apparatus using the permanent magnet according to the present invention configured as described above generates a magnetic flux continuously by using the permanent magnet without the need of a separate power supply, thereby generating an eddy current in the conductor, As the electromagnetic force is generated, the direction of the electromagnetic force becomes opposite to the moving direction of the to-be-damaged body, thereby acting as a braking force.

When the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet and the iron core is not sufficient to generate the necessary braking force, a larger magnetic flux is generated by deforming the shape of the permanent magnet and the iron core in a state where the same polarities face each other. You can.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a perspective view and a front view showing a conceptual configuration of a permanent magnet excited Eddy-Current Brake using a permanent magnet according to the present invention, respectively, spaced apart to face each other between the surfaces having the same polarity (離 隔) A plurality of rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnets 10; Iron cores 20 of the same shape that are inserted into the spaced space between the adjacent permanent magnets 10; And a conductor disposed along the same polarity facing surface of the permanent magnet 10 and spaced apart from the permanent magnet 10 and the iron core 20 to have an air gap 30 at a predetermined distance. It is configured to include (35), and since the magnetic flux density that can generate a braking force can not be obtained by a general permanent magnet arrangement, the same polarity of the permanent magnet 10 is disposed to face each other in order to generate more concentrated magnetic flux The iron core 20 is magnetized to an N pole or an S pole according to the polarity of the permanent magnets 10 adjacent to both sides thereof.

3 is a state diagram showing the application to an actual railroad vehicle eddy current braking apparatus using the concept implemented in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 3, provided between the front and rear wheels 41 of the railroad vehicle. A supporter (40) attached to one lower end of the railroad vehicle bogie (Bogie) 42; A permanent magnet excitation eddy current braking part 50 which is fixedly supported by the support 43 provided at the lower side of the support 40; And an eddy current braking device rail 60 using a permanent magnet positioned at a predetermined distance from the permanent magnet excitation eddy current braking unit 50.

The wheel 15 is in direct contact with the rail 60 to transmit a main braking force to the railroad vehicle bogie 42, and the permanent magnet excitation eddy current braking unit 50 is predetermined from the rail 60. It is equipped with distance separation to generate and transmit auxiliary braking force.

The permanent magnet excitation eddy current braking unit 50 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 10 and the iron core inserted into the spaced space of the permanent magnet 10 as shown in the conceptual diagram of FIG.

Referring to the process of generating a braking force using the eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

The eddy current braking device using the permanent magnet according to the present invention generates a magnetic flux by using a permanent magnet rather than a method of generating a magnetic flux by flowing a current to the winding coil whenever necessary, so that a separate current supply unit is not necessary. As it is possible to form a magnetic field, the magnetic flux in the steady state has a magnetic flux curve of the type shown in FIG. 5. However, since the braking force may occur during driving due to the continuous magnetic field formation, the distance between the eddy current braking unit 50 and the rail 60 is adjusted so that the size of the air gap 30 is about 50 mm during driving. At the same time, the required braking force is obtained by varying the distance of about 7mm.

When the size of the air gap 30 is reduced to about 7 mm when a braking force is generated in a railway vehicle, the magnetic flux generated by the eddy current braking unit 50 while driving is the eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet. 60), and thus induced electromotive force is generated on the upper surface 61 of the rail 60 by the electromagnetic induction phenomenon. The direction of the electromotive force is determined by Fleming's right hand law, By the induced electromotive force, a spiral eddy current is generated on the upper rail surface 61.

Since the rail 60 is continuously positioned in the magnetic field generated by the eddy current braking unit 50 during the process, when the eddy current flows in the rail 60, the rail 60 is perpendicular to the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field, respectively. As the electromagnetic force is generated in the direction, the direction of the generated electromagnetic force can be easily known from Fleming's left-hand law, and the direction of the electromagnetic force thus obtained acts in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the railway vehicle. It can act as an auxiliary braking force.

As a result, when the eddy current braking unit 50 moves at a predetermined speed while being spaced apart from the rail 60 having a predetermined distance on the rail 60, which is an eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet, the eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet is used. The eddy current is induced on the rail 60, and the process of acting as a braking force by generating an electromagnetic force on the rail 60 again by the induced eddy current is the same as in the conventional eddy current braking apparatus using a winding current, In order to generate the magnetic flux necessary for the induction, by adopting a permanent magnet method instead of applying a current to the winding coil, the power supply necessary for supplying the current is not needed, which saves energy and increases the size of the device. It can be reduced.

Meanwhile, FIG. 6 shows braking force and suction force curves according to the speed of a railway vehicle, and the braking force gradually increases as the speed increases, but gradually decreases from a certain speed or more, while the suction force is initially stopped as the speed increases. It shows that it continues to decrease from the size of.

7A and 7B illustrate the permanent magnet 10 so as to further increase the magnetic flux generated under the restriction that the total volume of the eddy current brake unit 50 including the permanent magnet 10 and the iron core 20 is the same. ) And an embodiment in which the shape of the iron core 20 is modified to increase the volume, respectively.

8A, 8B and 8C show an embodiment for increasing magnetic flux when the width of the eddy current braking device using the permanent magnet is limited, that is, when the width of the upper surface 61 of the rail 60 is limited. In this case, the contact surface with the upper rail 61 is formed to have the same width, but the width is gradually increased toward the upper side, Figure 8b and 8c in this case to further increase the magnetic flux under the same volume again In order to deform the shape of the permanent magnet 10 and the iron core 20 to increase the volume, respectively.

The eddy current braking device using the permanent magnet according to the present invention made as described above provides the auxiliary braking force directly to the railway vehicle without passing through a wheel, and generates a braking force by itself without requiring a separate power supply device. It is a very useful invention that can reduce the weight, and reduce the weight of the device.

Claims (4)

In the non-contact braking device, A plurality of permanent magnets fixed to the driven body spaced apart from the conductor by a predetermined distance and spaced apart from each other to face the surfaces of the same polarity; And An eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet including an iron core inserted into and fixed to the spaced space formed by the plurality of permanent magnets, respectively. The method of claim 1, The combination of the permanent magnet and the iron core is formed to be rectangular parallelepiped, The permanent magnet is bent in one direction, eddy current braking device using a permanent magnet characterized in that it has a symmetrical shape around the bent axis. The method of claim 1, The combination of the permanent magnet and the iron core is formed to be rectangular parallelepiped, An eddy current braking device using permanent magnets, wherein the thickness of the permanent magnets of the permanent magnets is thicker than that of the conductor. The method of claim 1, An eddy current braking apparatus using a permanent magnet, wherein a width of the contact surface between the permanent magnet and the iron core is wider than that of the conductor facing side.