JPH03183528A - 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法 - Google Patents

熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法

Info

Publication number
JPH03183528A
JPH03183528A JP1323169A JP32316989A JPH03183528A JP H03183528 A JPH03183528 A JP H03183528A JP 1323169 A JP1323169 A JP 1323169A JP 32316989 A JP32316989 A JP 32316989A JP H03183528 A JPH03183528 A JP H03183528A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
joint
electric
fusion
lowering
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1323169A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Koichi Kitao
北尾　幸市
Nozomi Mitsusaka
三坂　望
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Engineering Corp
Original Assignee
NKK Corp
Nippon Kokan Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NKK Corp, Nippon Kokan Ltd filed Critical NKK Corp
Priority to JP1323169A priority Critical patent/JPH03183528A/ja
Publication of JPH03183528A publication Critical patent/JPH03183528A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/87—Auxiliary operations or devices
    • B29C66/874—Safety measures or devices
    • B29C66/8744—Preventing overheating of the parts to be joined, e.g. if the machine stops or slows down
    • B29C66/87441—Preventing overheating of the parts to be joined, e.g. if the machine stops or slows down by lowering or shutting down the power supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この発明は、熱可塑性プラスチック管における熱可塑性
熱融着式継手の融着検出方法に関するものである。
［従来の技術］ 従来の技術の一例として特開平１−１７８４３７号公報
に以下に述べる提案がある。これは温度をモニターして
所定の設定値に達した時に通電を停止するシステムであ
る。第２図は、特開平１〜１７８４３７号公報の提案の
実施例の断面図である。第２図〈１）は、プラスチック
管継手２１の一端部とプラスチック管２２との接続部を
示す断面図である。第２図（２）は、プラスチック管継
手２１の断面図である０図において、プラスチック管継
手２１は、管継手本体１１．電熱線１２゜コネクタービ
ン１３、及び熱電対挿入用の穴１５を有する。
次に第２図（１〉によって、この従来の技術によるプラ
スチック管の接続方法を説明する。
先ず、第一番目にプラスチックｆＷ継手２１に接続しよ
うとするプラスチック管２２を挿入する。
第二番目にプラスチック管継手２１のコネクタービン１
３にコネクター２３を挿入し接続する、ここでコネクタ
ー２３はコネクタービン１３と嵌合する穴を持つコネク
ターブツシュ３３とこのコネクターブツシュ３３とほぼ
平行な位置間係にある熱電対３１と、これらコネクター
ブツシュ３３、熱電対３１を一体に保持するホルダー３
２とからなっている。プラスチック管継手２１にこのコ
ネクター２３を接続した時、コネクター２３の熱電対３
１の下端部はプラスチック管継手２１の熱電対挿入用の
穴１５の中に入っており、その最下端部は熱電対挿入用
の穴１５の底に軽く接触している。
第三番目に制御装置本体（図示せず、）よりコネクター
２３を通じてプラスチック管継手２１に通電する。
第四番目にプラスチック管継手２１の温度が上昇する。
中密度ポリエチレンの管及び管継手の場合は、前述の温
度が１３０℃に達したとき、通電を停止する。
第五番目にプラスチック管継手２１への通電を停止した
後この部分の温度低下を測定して、コネクター２３のプ
ラスチック管継手２１からの取り外しが可能な温度、即
ち外力を加えても着部の接合状態に影響をあたえない温
度、中密度ポリエチレンの管及び管継手の場合は、６０
℃に達したとき、表示又は警報を発する。
第六番目にコネクター２３をプラスチック管継手２１よ
りはずして接続は完了する。
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 継手部の温度を検出する従来の方法の場合、熱電対の応
答速度が遅く過熱される傾向があって、継手部の！熱線
近傍の樹脂が劣化し、強度が低下すると云う問題がある
。
［課題を解決するための手段］ この発明に係る、熱可塑性グラスチック管の電気融着継
手の融着検出方法は、熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融
着継手において、電気発熱体近傍の樹脂を電気発熱体の
発熱により昇熱し、溶融、膨張させ、発生する応力で継
手の外周部に開口する講に溶融した樹脂を流出させ、そ
の結果継手の収縮を起こし、このときの継手外周変化を
検出し、この検出信号により印加する電力を停止するこ
とを特徴とするものである。
［作用］ この発明は上記の様に構成されているので、通電によっ
て昇温溶融し、溶融部が熱応力により継手の外周部に開
口する溝に押し流されて流出して瞬間的に外周部が収縮
する際の外径の変化を計測する事により、収縮する瞬間
を捉えて融着が完了したものと判定する事ができる。こ
の外径の変化を検出して通電発熱体に印加する電力を停
止するので、検出の時間遅れが短くなり、継手部の過熱
に原因する継手部の材質劣化、強度低下が避けられる。
「実施例コ 以下にこの発明を図によって説明する。第１図（１）は
この発明の一実施例の断面図である。第１図（２）はこ
の発明の一実施例の側面図である。また、第１図（３）
は第１図（２）のＡ−Ａ線断面図である０図において、
１は熱可塑性プラスチック管継手である。２は捲線状の
通電発熱体である。
３は接続されるプラスチック管である。４は通電発熱体
２に電力を印加するリード線である。５は溶融樹脂流出
溝である。第１図（２〉、第１図（３）は熱可塑性プラ
スチック管継手の側面表面に変位計７を取り付けた状況
を示す０図において、６は熱可塑性プラスチック管継手
１の外径の変化を計測する針金である。プラスチック管
継手１の外周部が膨張する際に計測する針金６は変位計
７のプーリーから引張出される。プラスチック管継手１
の外周部が熱応力の解放により瞬間的に収縮すると、計
測する針金６は変位計７のプーリーに捲き戻されて変位
計７が回転して、変位計７に内蔵されているパルスジェ
ネレーターにより電気パルスが発っせられる。この電気
パルスは演算機８に導かれ瞬間的に収縮する際の、電気
パルスの状況を判別して通電発熱体２に電力を印加する
装Ｗ９へ印加電力を停止させる信号を発し、電力を印加
する装置９は電熱抵抗体２への印加電力を停止する。
溶融樹脂の流出現象を直接変位計７の回転として検出す
る本発明の方法によると、溶融から印加電力の停止に到
る時間が極めて短いので、過熱することが無〈従来の熱
電対方式と比較して過熱に原因する融着部の材質劣化に
よる継手部の強度低下は起こらない。
［発明の効果コ この発明の電気融着継手の融着検出方法によると、検出
の時間遅れが短くなり、継手部の過熟に原因する継手部
の材質劣化、強度低下が避けられる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図（１）はこの発明の一実施例の賢所面図、第１図
（２）はこの発明の一実施例の側面図、第１図（３）は
この発明の一実施例である第１図（２）のＡ　−Ａ線断
面図、第２図（１）及び第２図（２）は従来の技術の第
一の実施例を示す賢所面図である。 １・・熟可塑性プラスチック管継手、２・・・通電発熱
体、３・・・プラスチック管、４・・・リード線、５・
・・溶融樹脂流出講、６・・・針金、７・・・変位計、
８・・・演算機、９・・・電力を印加する装置、】１・
・・管継手本体、１２・・・電熱線、１３・・コネクタ
ービン、１５・・・熟電対挿入用の穴、２１・３．熟可
塑性プラスチック管継手、２２・・プラスチック管、２
３・・・コネクター、３１・・・熱電対、３２・・・ホ
ルダー、３３・・・コネクターブッシヱ。

Claims (1)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手において、電気
    発熱体近傍の樹脂を電気発熱体の発熱により昇熱し、溶
    融、膨張させ、発生する応力で継手の外周部に開口する
    溝に溶融した樹脂を流出させ、その結果継手の収縮によ
    る外周変化を検出し、この検出信号により印加する電力
    を停止することを特徴とする熱可塑性プラスチック管の
    電気融着継手の融着検出方法。
JP1323169A 1989-12-13 1989-12-13 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法 Pending JPH03183528A (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1323169A JPH03183528A (ja) 1989-12-13 1989-12-13 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1323169A JPH03183528A (ja) 1989-12-13 1989-12-13 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03183528A true JPH03183528A (ja) 1991-08-09

Family

ID=18151849

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1323169A Pending JPH03183528A (ja) 1989-12-13 1989-12-13 熱可塑性プラスチック管の電気融着継手の融着検出方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03183528A (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995016557A2 (en) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-22 Tokushu, Kogyo Kabushikigaisha Electrofusion fastening apparatus
JPH07260082A (ja) * 1994-03-17 1995-10-13 Aron Kasei Co Ltd エレクトロフュージョン継手および該継手を使用したパイプの接続方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995016557A2 (en) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-22 Tokushu, Kogyo Kabushikigaisha Electrofusion fastening apparatus
WO1995016557A3 (en) * 1993-12-15 1996-02-29 Tokushu Kogyo Kabushikigaisha Electrofusion fastening apparatus
JPH07260082A (ja) * 1994-03-17 1995-10-13 Aron Kasei Co Ltd エレクトロフュージョン継手および該継手を使用したパイプの接続方法

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