JPH03168567A - Absorption type space cooling and heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an indoor device and an outdoor device made of light weight piping without any air leakage and improve an installing work of the indoor and outdoor devices by a method wherein an evaporator and the indoor device are connected through a refrigerant circulation pump by a refrigerant piping having oxygen non-permeable layer complexed with a flexible plastic material. CONSTITUTION:An absorption type space cooling or heating device is comprised of regenerators 1 and 2, an air-cooled condenser 3, a flash evaporator 4, air- cooled absorbers 5a to 5c, a jet condenser 11, solution heat exchangers 6 and 7, solution pumps 9a and 9b, an indoor device 22, a refrigerant pump 10 and piping systems for operatively connecting these devices. The flash evaporator 4, the jet condenser 11 and the indoor device 22 are connected through the refrigerant circulation pump 10 and transfer valves 33, 34 and 35 by refrigerant pipings 23 and 24 having oxygen non-permeable layer complexed on a flexible plastic material. In order to improve an installing workability, the refrigerant pipings 23 and 24 having oxygen non-permeable layer arranged on the flexible plastic material are comprised of a polyethylene layer, a metallic layer and a polyethylene layer and then the oxygen non-permeable layer is made of metal.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an absorption air conditioner for an air conditioner, and in particular,
The present invention relates to an absorption air conditioner suitable for using water as a refrigerant and directly circulating a liquid refrigerant to an indoor unit.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of absorption air conditioner is a so-called water chiller/heater. In other words, during cooling operation, liquid refrigerant is spread over the evaporator heat transfer tube group, and the latent heat of evaporation cools the cold water flowing through the heat transfer tubes.The cold/hot water pump sends the cooled water via the cold/hot water piping to the indoor unit, which then cools the air. The cooling effect was achieved by exchanging heat with the air conditioner. In addition, during heating operation, high-temperature refrigerant vapor is condensed in the hot water heat exchanger, and the hot water flowing through the heat transfer tubes is heated by the latent heat of condensation, and the hot water is sent to the indoor unit via the cold/hot water piping by the cold/hot water pump. The heating effect was obtained by exchanging heat. In addition, in order to release the volumetric expansion of the cold and hot water due to the temperature difference between the cold and hot water, a cistern or an expansion tank connected to the make-up water pipe is connected to the cold and hot water pipe. However, with this type of absorption air conditioner, there is a problem that the heat exchange temperature difference between the refrigerant and chilled water in the evaporator is large, and the temperature utilization efficiency of the system is low, resulting in an increase in the size of the equipment. There are absorption air conditioners with refrigerant circulation systems that directly exchange heat.

The above-mentioned conventional device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-176957.
No., JP-A-63-176964.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in this type of absorption air conditioner, the flash evaporator in the outdoor unit requires the refrigerant piping system that connects the indoor unit to be maintained in a vacuum, and since the refrigerant piping system is made of metal, it is heavy and difficult to work with. If air leaks into the cabin, the oxygen will cause significant corrosion and deterioration of equipment, and the solution will become overconcentrated and crystallize due to reduced heat transfer, making the cycle configuration impossible. It was difficult to create a practical absorption air conditioner with direct refrigerant circulation because the equipment needed to be large.

An object of the present invention is to provide a practical absorption air-conditioning system that is easy to install and uses lightweight piping that connects an indoor unit and an outdoor unit with no air leakage.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the absorption air conditioner according to the present invention includes a regenerator, an air-cooled condenser, a flash evaporator, an air-cooled absorber, a jet condenser, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, an indoor unit, It consists of a refrigerant pump and a piping system that operatively connects these, and connects the flash evaporator, jet condenser, and indoor unit via a refrigerant circulation pump and switching valve, and an oxygen-impermeable layer is arranged in a flexible plastic layer. It is connected with refrigerant piping.

Furthermore, in order to improve workability, the refrigerant piping is composed of three layers: a polyethylene layer, a metal layer, and a polyethylene layer, and the oxygen-impermeable layer is made of metal. This is what I did.

[Effect]

During cooling, in the flash evaporator, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant that has become high through heat exchange with the indoor unit is guided to the flash evaporator, which is lower than the saturation temperature, to self-evaporate, and the latent heat of evaporation cools the liquid refrigerant, resulting in low-temperature refrigerant. Produces liquid refrigerant. The evaporated refrigerant vapor is sent to the absorber and absorbed into the solution, heated by an external heat source in the regenerator to generate refrigerant vapor and the solution is concentrated, and the refrigerant vapor is cooled in the condenser and condensed into liquid. Sent to flash evaporator. The concentrated solution also returns to the absorber. In this manner, the cooling cycle operates under vacuum, and low-temperature liquid refrigerant flows through refrigerant piping made of flexible plastic with a composite oxygen-impermeable layer. The liquid refrigerant has a high refrigerant pump head when the distance to the indoor unit is long or when the indoor unit is in a high position, so the liquid pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure when the refrigerant pump is operating, but when it is stopped it is lower than atmospheric pressure. Low pressure.

However, due to the action of the oxygen-impermeable layer, oxygen does not enter the refrigerant in the pipes.

During heating, the jet condenser condenses the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator on the low-temperature liquid refrigerant returned from the indoor unit and heats it to produce high-temperature liquid refrigerant. The high-temperature liquid refrigerant is sent to the indoor unit via a refrigerant circulation pump and a switching valve, via refrigerant piping made of flexible plastic with a composite oxygen-impermeable layer, where it exchanges heat with the air, and is then sent back through the switching valve. The refrigerant is then dispersed into the jet condenser via a refrigerant pipe made of flexible plastic with a composite oxygen-impermeable layer. Although this high-temperature liquid refrigerant has a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, the action of the oxygen-impermeable layer prevents oxygen from entering the refrigerant in the pipes.

As a result of the above, under any operating conditions, oxygen will not pass through the refrigerant piping, which is made of flexible plastic with a composite oxygen-impermeable layer, and will not enter the absorption air conditioner. Crystals do not form, allowing safe and reliable operation.

Furthermore, since the air extraction device can be made smaller, the equipment can be made more compact.

Furthermore, since a metal film is used as an oxygen-impermeable layer on polyethylene, frictional resistance inside and outside the tube is small, and liquid flow pressure loss can be reduced. In addition, since there is little friction when inserting these pipes into the conduit pipe of the cover, workability is good.

Furthermore, metal films are generally thinner and stronger than plastics, and therefore have the advantage of being lightweight and having excellent creep properties against long-term stress.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, FIG. 1 is a cycle system diagram of an absorption air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The absorption air conditioner shown in FIG.
, low temperature heat exchanger 6, high temperature heat exchanger 7, solution circulation pump (
Single solution pump toy below) 8, Solution spray pump 9
, refrigerant circulation pump 10, jet condenser earthwork, hot refrigerant circulation pump ↓2, burner 14, and the solution that operatively connects these, refrigerant piping system, condenser 3 and absorber 5 in the direction of the white arrow. An outdoor unit 16 consisting of a cooling fan 15 that supplies refrigerant, an indoor unit 22 consisting of a refrigerant air heat exchanger 17, a hot/refrigerant heat exchanger 18, a blowing fan 19, a refrigerant control valve 20, a hot/refrigerant control valve 21, and a refrigerant. It is composed of a pipe 23 and a hot/refrigerant pipe 24.

Outdoor [16] The absorber 5 is in the gas phase and the flash evaporator 4
The condenser 3 is connected to the gas phase part of the low temperature regenerator 2, and the gas phase part of the high temperature regenerator 1 is connected to the jet condenser 11 and the heating pipe part of the low temperature regenerator 2, respectively.

Here, the liquid refrigerant in the flash evaporator 4 is passed through the check valve 25 and the refrigerant pipe 23 to the indoor unit 2 by the refrigerant circulation pump 10.
A refrigerant circulation system is constructed in which the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant air heat exchanger l7 of No. 2, passes through the refrigerant control valve 20 and refrigerant piping 23, and returns to the flash evaporator 4 again. Note that the flash evaporator 4 includes a refrigerant distribution device 26, a wire mesh filling 27, a droplet removal mechanism 28,
It consists of a liquid refrigerant tank 29.

Further, the liquid refrigerant in the jet condenser 11 flows into the hot refrigerant air heat exchanger 18 of the indoor unit 22 via the check valve 26 and the hot refrigerant pipe 24 by the hot refrigerant circulation pump 12, and further flows into the hot refrigerant air heat exchanger 18 of the indoor unit 22. , and a hot/refrigerant circulation system that returns to the jet condenser 11 via the hot/refrigerant piping 24. In addition,
A refrigerant distribution device 30 is installed above the jet condenser 11, and a liquid refrigerant return flow path is provided that branches from the suction pipe 3l of the hot refrigerant circulation pump 12 and returns to the high temperature regenerator 1 via an inverted U-shaped liquid seal 37. ing.

Next, the operation of the cycle during cooling operation will be explained. The lithium bromide aqueous solution in the high-temperature regenerator 1 is heated by combustion gas such as oil or city gas in the burner 14 and boils, generating refrigerant vapor and condensing. The generated refrigerant vapor condenses inside the tube of the low-temperature regenerator 2, and the latent heat of condensation heats the solution outside the tube. The condensed and liquefied liquid refrigerant is sent to the air-cooled condenser 3 via a pressure reducing means. Additionally, the heated solution generates refrigerant vapor and is concentrated. The generated refrigerant vapor is guided to the condenser 3, cooled by cooling air blown by an air cooling fan 15, and condensed. This liquid refrigerant is the U-shaped liquid seal 13
It is sent to flash evaporator 4 through . On the other hand, the solution concentrated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 passes through the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, passes through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 together with the solution concentrated in the low-temperature regenerator 2, and is transferred to the air-cooled absorber 5 by the solution spray pump 9. It is dispersed in the pipe, cooled by cooling air, absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the flash evaporator 4, becomes a dilute solution, and passes through the solution circulation pump 8 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 7 again to the low-temperature regenerator 2 and the high-temperature regenerator 1. sent to. In addition, the liquid refrigerant that has become low temperature by evaporating a part of the refrigerant in the flash evaporator 4 is passed through the refrigerant circulation pump 10 to the refrigerant air heat exchanger of the indoor unit 22 via the check valve 22 and the refrigerant pipe 23. Blow fan 1 sent to 17
It exchanges heat with the indoor air sent by 9 and exerts a cooling effect. The refrigerant warmed by the refrigerant air heat exchanger 17 returns to the outdoor unit 16 via the refrigerant control valve 20 and the refrigerant piping 23, and is transferred from the refrigerant distribution device 26 of the flash evaporator 4 to the wire mesh filling 2.
7 and partially evaporated. This wire mesh filling 2
7 is useful for increasing the evaporation efficiency by increasing the gas-liquid contact area of the liquid refrigerant.

The evaporated refrigerant vapor is guided to the absorber 5 via the droplet removal mechanism 28. The liquid refrigerant separated by concentrating the solution in the cycle is stored in the liquid refrigerant tank 29 at the bottom of the flash evaporator 4, and when the concentration exceeds a certain limit, it overflows into the absorber 5 via the overflow pipe 32. It looks like this. This prevents the solution in the cycle from becoming overconcentrated and crystallizing, allowing safe operation.

Next, the heating cycle during heating will be explained.

During heating, there is an air-conditioning/heating switching valve 33 provided in the pipe that supplies the dilute solution to the high-temperature regenerator 1, and an air-conditioning/heating switching valve 34 provided in the pipe where the concentrated solution returns via the high-temperature heat exchanger 7. The heating/cooling switching valve 35 provided in the middle of the pipe that supplies refrigerant vapor to the container 2 is closed. The steam generated by the high temperature regenerator 1 is guided to the jet condenser 11 and directly condenses and heats the liquid refrigerant returned from the indoor unit 22, and the high temperature liquid refrigerant is passed through the check valve 36 by the hot refrigerant circulation pump 12. Then, the hot/refrigerant heat exchanger 1 of the indoor unit 22 is connected to the hot/refrigerant pipe 24.
8 for heating. The refrigerant condensed in the jet condenser 11 is returned to the high-temperature regenerator 1 via the IU seal 37 when the refrigerant liquid level in the jet condenser 11 becomes higher than a predetermined level. It can be operated safely without becoming hot due to over-concentration.

Here, although the liquid refrigerant for air conditioning is in a closed circulation cycle, it is open to the gas phase of the flash evaporator 4 and jet condenser 11, so this refrigerant circulation system has a cistern and a system for adjusting liquid pressure due to temperature fluctuations. The system is extremely simple, with no refrigerant tank or make-up water required.

Although this embodiment has been described using a separate air conditioner, it goes without saying that the present invention is applicable to not only one indoor unit but also two or three or more indoor units.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the refrigerant pipe 23 and hot refrigerant pipe 24 of the present invention. When the diameter is approximately 161I111, there is a polyethylene layer 41 with a thickness of about 0.5m on the inside, and a 0.5m thick layer in the middle.
．． It has a structure in which an aluminum layer 42 with a thickness of about 1wn to 0.3nwn and a polyethylene layer 43 with a thickness of about 1[III1 to 5m are arranged on the outside. Two reciprocating pipes are inserted into the conduit pipe 44 together with a signal line.

The outer surface is made of polyethylene, which has low frictional resistance and is easy to insert into the conduit pipe 44.

In addition, the end connection fitting 45 of the refrigerant pipe 23 is connected to an insertion fitting 46.
, ○Ring packing 47, main body fittings 48, cap nut 49
Consisting of The polyethylene that presses the insertion fitting 46 against the end of the refrigerant piping 23 or the hot refrigerant distribution 4v24 while heating it softens and can be inserted snugly into the piping. Serrated notches are provided on the outside of the insertion fitting 46, so that the inserted pipe cannot be pulled out. In addition, the end surface is smooth,
The O-ring packing 47 can be sealed without leaking. The O-ring packing 47 is adhered to the O-ring groove of the main body fitting 48, and is sealed from the outside simply by pressing the smooth end surface of the insertion fitting 46. In addition, cap nut 4
Reference numeral 9 is adapted to press the insertion fitting 46 against the main body fitting 48 with a screw. Furthermore, a step is provided on the inside of the cap nut 49 so as to press the refrigerant pipes 23, 24 against the serrated notches of the insertion fitting 46, which serves to further securely fix the refrigerant pipes 23, 24 to the insertion fitting 46. Fulfill. With the above arrangement, the refrigerant pipes 23 and 24 can be attached and detached by simply loosening and removing the cap nut 49, which has the advantage of extremely good workability. Also, ○ ring packing 47
Because the O-ring gasket is glued to the O-ring groove of the main body fitting 48, the O-ring gasket may roll and damage during work.
It is highly reliable as there are no problems such as a drop in sealing performance due to mud buildup. In addition, since there is an aluminum layer 42,
It maintains its strength even under conditions where polyethylene softens and creeps even when hot refrigerant is passed through it.

In particular, when the absorption air conditioner stops operating, the hot refrigerant circulation pump 12
Hot refrigerant pipe 2 becomes vacuum because no discharge pressure is applied to it
4. If it is made of polyethylene and the wall pressure is low, it will be crushed by the atmosphere, and as it is, it will be cooled and the piping will be deformed.
This makes it impossible to secure a sufficient flow path. That is, at the time of restart, the refrigerant does not flow sufficiently through the deformed piping, resulting in insufficient capacity. However, because there is an aluminum layer, high temperature refrigerant is flowing, and even if the operation suddenly stops and a vacuum is created,
It does not collapse, and even when restarting, there is no shortage of refrigerant circulation due to piping deformation, and a sufficient amount of refrigerant circulation can always be ensured.

In this embodiment, the aluminum layer 42 was used as a strength reinforcing member for the polyethylene cup and also served as an oxygen impermeable layer. It is obvious that the same effect can be obtained by using metal materials such as stainless steel, iron, or copper instead of the aluminum layer. However, aluminum has a density that is about 1/5 that of copper and can be made lighter. Furthermore, these metal materials have the advantage of not being corroded because they are not exposed to refrigerants.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG.

The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that a foamed polyurethane layer 50 is disposed outside the aluminum layer 42, and a polyethylene layer 43 is disposed as the outermost layer. The foamed polyurethane layer 50 serves as a heat insulating layer for the refrigerant pipes 23 and 24, and contains a large amount of gas phase, and has the effect of preventing heat from entering and dissipating.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG.

The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the aluminum layer 42 is doubled. The intermediate polyethylene layer 51 sandwiched between the aluminum layers also acts as a heat insulating material and has the effect of reducing heat dissipation due to radiation from the aluminum surface. Note that the same heat insulation effect can be obtained by using a foamed plastic such as foamed polyethylene, foamed polystyrene, or foamed polyurethane for the intermediate polyethylene layer 51.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIG.

The difference from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 is that the refrigerant pipes 23, 24 are laminated tubes 52. This embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that it does not have independence in the axial direction of the piping, and is used by being inserted into the space between conduits 44. The laminate tube 52 is made up of a polyethylene film 54, an aluminum vapor deposited layer 53, and a coating layer 55, and three or more layers are stacked and fused together in the axial direction. Air, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, etc. are sandwiched between each film layer. When the refrigerant circulation pumps 10, 12 are operated, the refrigerant pipes 23' and 24 are expanded by the pump discharge pressure to form a refrigerant flow path. When these pumps stop, they are crushed and flattened by atmospheric pressure. Therefore, since the liquid refrigerant automatically returns to the outdoor unit 16 when the operation is stopped, the amount of refrigerant can be adjusted without increasing the capacity of the liquid refrigerant tank 29, which has the advantage of being compact. Furthermore, it is extremely lightweight and can be moved extremely easily while stored in the conduit pipe 44. Further, since each film of the laminate tube 52 has a heat insulating effect, there is an advantage that heat radiation loss is extremely small. Since the polyethylene layer on the inner surface is in contact with the refrigerant side, flow resistance is low, and the whole can be flattened or rolled, making it easy to handle. As in the previous embodiment, the aluminum vapor-deposited film 53 is an air-impermeable layer. Furthermore, on the outside of the laminate tube 52, foamed polyethylene, foamed polystyrene, etc.
A cover of foamed plastic, such as foamed polyurethane, can also be provided. Furthermore, a polyethylene force bar layer 56 is provided to provide strength in the axial direction and can be used alone.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the indoor unit and the outdoor unit are made of plastic pipes with an oxygen-impermeable layer, which prevents oxygen from entering the machine. ■ The solution is not over-concentrated due to reduced heat transfer and crystals occur, making it impossible to configure the cycle. ■ The oil and gas equipment can be made smaller. ■ The piping is light, so it is easy to install. It is possible to realize a direct refrigerant circulation type absorption air conditioner.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a partial sectional view of the refrigerant piping according to the construction drawing of the present invention. 3 to 5 are partial cross-sectional views of refrigerant piping according to other embodiments of the present invention. 1... High temperature regenerator, 2... Low temperature regenerator, 3... Air-cooled condenser, 4... Flash evaporator, 5... Air-cooled absorber, 6... Low-temperature heat exchanger, 7...・High temperature heat exchanger, 8・
・・Solution circulation pump, 9・・Solution spray pump, 10・
... Refrigerant circulation pump, 11 ... Jet condenser, 12
... Warm refrigerant 1st port 2nd port 4-Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, solution heat exchanger,
In an absorption heating/cooling machine consisting of a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system that operatively connects these, a refrigerant generation chamber that flash-evaporates liquid refrigerant to generate cold liquid refrigerant corresponds to the evaporator, and the evaporator and an indoor unit are connected via a refrigerant circulation pump with refrigerant piping made of flexible plastic with a composite oxygen-impermeable layer.