JPH03155400A - Voltage regulator for alternator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a semiconductor component, etc., from damaging by short- circuiting either cycle of a generated voltage when a peak voltage is raised due to disconnection of a battery, etc. CONSTITUTION:If a battery 15 is disconnected, a voltage at a point C at the output side of a thyristor 65 is raised, and a current flows through a resistor 71, a Zener diode 73, and a resistor 72. Thus, when a voltage generated at the resistor 72 exceeds the trigger voltage of a thyristor 75, a gate voltage is applied through a diode 74. Thus, the thyristor 75 is turned ON, and a charging terminal 2 is grounded in a positive cycle of a generated voltage. Accordingly, the voltage at the point C is lowered, and a peak voltage at a DC load 17 can be suppressed to a set voltage or lower to be determined by a Zener voltage V23.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a voltage regulator for a generator, and particularly to voltage regulators for small-sized alternating current generators such as magnetic type used in motorcycles, special machines, etc. It is related to vessels.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a conventional generator voltage regulator.

In the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a generating coil of a generator (not shown), which generates an alternating voltage by the rotation of a rotor made of permanent magnets. One end of this power generating coil 1 is grounded, the other end has a charging terminal 2 for charging a battery, and the middle has a lighting terminal 3 for lighting a lamp.

Further, in FIG. 4, a portion surrounded by a two-dot chain line indicates the voltage adjustment circuit 4. In FIG. This voltage adjustment circuit 4 includes a parallel control circuit 5 that controls the lamp lighting current, and a series control circuit 6 that controls the battery charging current.

The parallel control circuit 5 includes a full-wave rectifier 51, a Zener diode 52 having a constant Zener voltage V21, and a capacitor 53.
, resistance 54.55, transistor 56, diode 57
, including Cyrisk 58. In addition, the series control circuit 6
is a resistor 61, a diode 62, 63, a Zener diode 64 with a constant Zener voltage ■2□, and a thyristor 6.
Contains 5. Reference numeral 11 indicates a lighting switch, and reference numeral 12 indicates a lamp such as a headlight. Also, code 1
3 is a resistor, and when the switch 11 is set to the "night" state, the lamp 12 is connected to the lighting terminal 3; when the switch 11 is set to the "daytime" state, the resistor I3 is connected to the lighting terminal 3. It has become so. Further, numeral 14 is a charging current limiting fuse, 15 is a battery, and 16 is a fuse for limiting charging current.
indicates an ignition (Ig) switch, and 17 indicates various direct current (DC) loads including semiconductor elements.

In the circuit shown in FIG. 4, charging control of the battery 15 is performed by a series control circuit 6.

In the positive cycle of the voltage v2 of the charging terminal 2, the beginning of the period in which the voltage Vt becomes larger than the battery side mold pressure A,
Resistance 61. When the gate voltage applied to the thyristor 65 via the diode 63 reaches the trigger voltage, the thyristor 65 is turned on, current flows from the charging terminal 2 via the fuse 14, and the batch IJ 15 is charged. When the battery side voltage v4 increases with charging, the voltage V! In the positive cycle, the flow angle at which the thyristor 65 is turned on becomes smaller, so the charging current gradually decreases.

At this time, the timing at which the thyristor 65 is activated is determined by the Zener voltage ■2□ of the Zener diode 64, and the upper limit of the charging voltage is thereby limited. .

Therefore, by providing the series control circuit 6 shown in FIG. 4, the charging current is controlled to decrease as the battery voltage increases, and by defining the upper limit of the charging voltage, overcharging is prevented.

Further, the lighting current for the lamp 12 is controlled by the parallel control circuit 5.

When the switch 11 is connected to the lamp side, a current flows through the lamp 12 due to the voltage (2) at the lighting terminal 3.

On the other hand, the voltage ■, is rectified through the full-wave rectifier 51, and the capacitor 53. It is smoothed by a circuit consisting of resistors 54 and 55. When the resulting DC voltage exceeds the Zener voltage VZI of the Zener diode 52, the voltage developed across the resistor 55 turns on the transistor 56, which causes the gate voltage supplied via the diode 57 to reach the trigger voltage, causing the thyristor to switch on. 58 is turned on and short-circuits the generator coil 1, so that further lamp supply current during the negative cycle of the generator generated voltage is cut off.

In this case, in the positive cycle of the generator generated voltage,
The amplitude is limited by the series control circuit 6.

In the circuit shown in Fig. 2, the higher the voltage ■, the more the thyristor 58
is turned on early in the negative cycle to cut off the lamp current, so even when the generator is under light load and the generated voltage is high, control is performed to keep the lamp supply current constant.

Incidentally, such a voltage regulator is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-1968.
It is described in detail in No. 99.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional voltage regulator shown in FIG. 4, when the battery is disconnected from the charging circuit or the fuse is blown, a high peak voltage due to the positive cycle from the charging terminal 2 is applied to the DC load 17. applied. The DC load 17 includes
It includes various parts that operate on DC voltage, and there is a problem in that this peak voltage may destroy semiconductor parts in particular.

In addition, in the case of a method in which the lamp current is made constant by a half-wave short circuit as shown in Fig. 4, when the voltage increases due to a light load on the charging circuit, the generation coil 1 due to the short circuit current There are problems in that power consumption increases and the temperature of the generator increases.

Figure 5 shows the full-wave short-circuit method shown in (1) and (2), and the half-wave short-circuit method shown in (3) and (4) in the same figure.
This is a comparison of power consumption of power generation coils.

In the case of the full-wave short-circuit system shown in Fig. 3 (1) and (2), the amount of heat generated P is y = Iosinx = πR,1,'' -・
(1) On the other hand, in the half-wave short-circuit method shown in FIG. 3 (3) and (4), y=1. sin x+I.

In this case, there is a disadvantage that the power consumption of the generator is large during light loads.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention aims to solve these problems of the prior art.

That is, an object of the present invention is to reduce the voltage by short-circuiting one cycle of the generator-generated voltage when the peak voltage increases due to battery disconnection, etc., thereby preventing damage to semiconductor components and the like.

Another object of the present invention is to short-circuit both waves of the voltage generated by the generator when the load is light, thereby preventing heat generation in the generator coil and suppressing a rise in temperature of the generator.

Furthermore, the present invention aims to make it possible to achieve both of the above objectives.

=3πR,1,” −(2
) As described above, the half-wave short-circuit system to which the present invention is applied [Means for Solving the Problems] In the first invention, the present invention is applied to a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal. , a current control element is connected in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and the current is controlled by the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that narrows as the battery voltage increases until a certain voltage is exceeded. It has a series control circuit that performs control to supply current to the battery, and a current control element in parallel to the generator coil, and when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil is It is equipped with a parallel control circuit that performs control to short-circuit, and is configured to adjust the voltage of the generator and supply it to the battery and lamp.

Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit is provided which has a current control element in parallel with the power generation coil and controls such that when the output voltage of the series control circuit exceeds a certain value, the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil is short-circuited. It is structured.

In the second invention, a current control element is provided in series between the charging terminal and the battery for a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, and a constant voltage is controlled. A series control circuit that controls the current to be supplied to the battery by the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that narrows as the battery voltage rises until the current is controlled in parallel to the generator coil. and a parallel control circuit that controls to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, and adjusts the voltage of the generator and connects the battery and It is configured so that it can be supplied to a lamp.

Furthermore, when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, the current control element installed in parallel with the generator coil is controlled to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil. The configuration includes a control circuit.

In a third aspect of the invention, a current control element is provided in series between the charging terminal and the battery in a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, and a constant voltage is supplied to the generator. A series control circuit that controls the current to be supplied to the battery by the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that narrows as the battery voltage rises until the current is controlled in parallel to the generator coil. and a parallel control circuit that controls to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, and adjusts the voltage of the generator and connects the battery and It is configured so that it can be supplied to a lamp.

Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit that has a current control element in parallel with the generator coil and performs control to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil when the output voltage of the series control circuit exceeds a certain value; A light load voltage control circuit is provided, which controls the current control element to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil when the voltage at the terminal exceeds a certain value. .

This aims to achieve the above-mentioned purpose.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. Here, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 are used for the same components as in the conventional example described above.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the first invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a generating coil of a generator. This power generation coil 1 has a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3.
It is equipped with A current control element 65 is connected in series between the charging terminal 2 and the battery 15, and a current control element 65 is connected to one side of the charging terminal 2 at a flow angle that narrows as the voltage of the battery 15 increases until the voltage exceeds a certain level. A series control circuit 6 is provided which performs control to supply current to the battery 15 depending on the polarity of the voltage. Further, the parallel control circuit 5 has a current control element 58 in parallel with the power generation coil 1 and performs control to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value. It is equipped with Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit includes a current control element 75 in parallel with the power generation coil 1, and performs control to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the output voltage of the series control circuit 6 exceeds a certain value. 7 is shown to be provided.

This will be explained in further detail. Here, the operations of the parts indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 are the same as those described above with respect to FIG. 4, so detailed explanations will be omitted.

In the overvoltage control circuit 7, symbols 71 and 72 are resistors;
3 is a Zener diode having a Zener voltage V21, 74
is a diode, and 75 is a thyristor.

The Zener voltage VZI of the Zener diode 73 is set between the voltage (4) during battery charging and the withstand voltage of the semiconductor component in the DC load 17.

Under normal conditions, 0 on the output side of the thyristor 65
Since the voltage at the point is lower than the Zener voltage VZ3, the thyristor 75 is not turned on. If the battery 15 is disconnected, the voltage at the 0 point increases, so the resistor 71. Zener diode 73. Current flows through resistor 72. When the voltage generated in the resistor 72 exceeds the trigger voltage of the thyristor 75, the thyristor 75 is turned on by applying the gate voltage through the diode 74.
In the positive cycle of the generator voltage, the charging terminal 2 and the ground are short-circuited. Therefore, the voltage at the 0 point decreases, and the peak voltage at the DC load 17 is reduced to the Zener voltage ■2. The voltage can be suppressed to below the set voltage determined by.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the voltage of a generator equipped with a generating coil 1 having a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3 is adjusted to
5 and the lamp 12, a current control element 65 is connected in series between the charging terminal 2 and the battery 15, and the current control element 65 is connected in series with the voltage of the battery 15 until it exceeds a certain voltage. The battery 15 is provided with a series control circuit 6 that performs control so that current is supplied to the battery 15 by the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal 2 at a flow angle that becomes narrower.

Further, it has a current control element 58 in parallel with the generating coil 1,
When the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value, the generator coil 1
A parallel control circuit 5 is provided for controlling the voltage of the other polarity to be short-circuited.

Further, when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value, the current control element 75 provided in parallel to the generating coil 1 is controlled to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generating coil 1. A light load voltage control circuit 8 is provided.

This will be explained in further detail. Here, the operations of the parts indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 are the same as those described with respect to FIG. 4 above.

In the light load voltage control circuit 8, reference numerals 81 and 82 are resistors, 83 is a transistor, and 84 is a diode.

When the lighting switch 11 is in the "daytime" state, the load on the lighting terminal 3 is light. In addition,
If the light is disconnected in the daytime lighting state in which the switch 11 is set to the "nighttime" state during the daytime, the rider may not notice this, so the situation is similar to the "daytime" state.

When the battery 15 is fully charged in this state, the thyristor 65 of the series control circuit 5 is always turned off.

As a result, the voltage generated across the capacitor 53 increases, and the voltage generated across the resistor 82 turns on the transistor 83, which then passes through the diode 84 to the thyristor 75.
When the voltage applied to exceeds the trigger voltage, the thyristor 75 is turned on and short-circuits between the charging terminal 2 and ground in the positive cycle of the generator voltage.

Therefore, in a light load state such as when the generator is fully charged in the "daytime" state, the generator coil 1 is short-circuited between the charging terminal 2 and the ground, thereby preventing the generator coil from generating heat.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention. This third embodiment is a voltage adjustment circuit for a generator equipped with a generator coil 1 having a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3, and supplies the voltage to a battery 15 and a lamp 12 by adjusting the voltage of the generator. A current control element 65 is provided in series between the charging terminal 2 and the batch +J15, and one polarity of the charging terminal 2 is maintained at a flow angle that narrows as the voltage of the battery 15 increases until a certain voltage is exceeded. A series control circuit 6 is provided which performs control to supply current to the batch In5 according to the voltage.

Further, it has a current control element 58 in parallel to the generating coil l,
When the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value, the generator coil 1
A parallel control circuit 5 is provided for controlling the voltage of the other polarity to be short-circuited. Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit has a current control element 75 in parallel with the generator coil 1, and performs control to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil 1 when the output voltage of the series control circuit 6 exceeds a certain value. 7, and a light load voltage control circuit 8 which controls the current control element 75 to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil 1 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value. is provided.

This will be explained in further detail. Here, the operations of the parts indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 are the same as those described above with respect to FIG. 4, so detailed explanations will be omitted. Further, the operation of the overvoltage control circuit 7 is similar to that described for the embodiment of FIG. Further, the operation of the light load voltage control circuit 8 is the same as that described for the embodiment of FIG.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has both an overvoltage control circuit 7 and a light load voltage control circuit 8, so when the peak voltage increases, one cycle of the generator generated voltage is short-circuited to This has the effect of reducing the temperature rise of the generator by reducing heat generation in the generator coil by shorting both waves of the voltage generated by the generator during light loads, thereby preventing damage to semiconductor components, etc. It has both.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the series control circuit that controls the battery supply current and the parallel control circuit that controls the voltage of the lighting terminal to a constant level are provided, and the voltage of the generator is adjusted and the battery and In the voltage regulator of the generator that supplies the lamp, an overvoltage control circuit is installed to short-circuit one cycle of the generator generated voltage when the peak voltage rises, so there is no possibility of overvoltage occurring when the battery is disconnected from the charging circuit, etc. In this state, it is possible to prevent damage to semiconductor components and the like used in the DC load due to an increase in peak voltage.

Further, since a light load voltage control circuit is provided to detect a light load state and create a dual-wave short-circuit state, it is possible to suppress a rise in temperature of the generator.

Furthermore, by providing an overvoltage control circuit and a light load voltage control circuit, the effects based on both can be achieved in combination. In this case, a part of the double-wave short circuit during light load can be shared with the overvoltage control circuit, so a cost advantage can be obtained.

As described above, according to the present invention, the voltage control performance can be significantly increased in a small AC generator for use in two-wheeled vehicles, etc., and therefore it greatly contributes to improvement in quality and performance.

It is.

1-Generating coil, 2-Charging terminal, 3-Lighting terminal,
5.-Parallel control circuit, 6-.Series control circuit, 7.--
Overvoltage control circuit, 8-.-Voltage control circuit at light load, 12
- lamp, 15 - battery, 58.65, 75 - current control element.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) For a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, a current control element is provided in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and the current control element is connected in series with the battery until the voltage exceeds a certain level. A series control circuit that performs control to supply current to the battery by the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that becomes narrower as the voltage of the battery increases, and a current control element in parallel with the generator coil. and a parallel control circuit that performs control to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, and adjusts the voltage of the generator to connect the battery and In the voltage adjustment circuit of the generator that supplies the lamp, a current control element is provided in parallel to the generator coil, and when the output voltage of the series control circuit exceeds a certain value, the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil is short-circuited. A voltage regulator for a generator, characterized in that it is provided with an overvoltage control circuit that performs control so as to (2) For a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, a current control element is provided in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and the current control element is connected in series until the voltage exceeds a certain level. A series control circuit that performs control to supply current to the battery using the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that narrows as the voltage of the battery increases, and a current control element that is connected in parallel to the generator coil. and a parallel control circuit that performs control to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, and adjusts the voltage of the generator to connect the battery and the In the voltage adjustment circuit of the generator that supplies the lamp, when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, a current control element provided in parallel to the generator coil is controlled to adjust the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil. A voltage regulator for a generator, characterized in that it is provided with a light load voltage control circuit that performs control to short-circuit the generator. (3) For a generator equipped with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, a current control element is provided in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and the current control element is connected in series with the battery until the voltage exceeds a certain level. A series control circuit that performs control to supply current to the battery using the voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that narrows as the voltage of the battery increases, and a current control element that is connected in parallel to the generator coil. and a parallel control circuit that performs control to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generator coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, and adjusts the voltage of the generator to connect the battery and the In the voltage adjustment circuit of the generator that supplies the lamp, a current control element is provided in parallel to the generator coil, and when the output voltage of the series control circuit exceeds a certain value, the voltage of one polarity in the generator coil is short-circuited. an overvoltage control circuit that controls the current control element to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value; A voltage regulator for a generator, characterized in that it is equipped with a light load voltage control circuit.