KR0143199B1 - Voltage regulator for vehicle with over charge protecting function - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a voltage regulator of a vehicle with an overcharge protection function to prevent overcharge of the generator generated when the operation of the voltage regulator is not performed properly due to a short, so as to prevent damage to various electrical appliances in advance. It is for.

To this end, the present invention provides a comparator 7 which compares the voltage B + from the battery 6 with a predetermined adjustment voltage Vr, and the generator while being on / off switched according to the result value output from the comparator 7. A voltage regulator having a switching element 8 for intermittently flowing a current flowing through the field coil 1 within the field coil 1 to regulate the output voltage of the generator, which is provided between the battery 6 and the field coil 1. When the overvoltage is discharged from the battery 6 while the switching device 8 is shorted, the overcharge preventing means 10 for preventing the voltage from the battery 6 from being supplied to the field coil 1 is provided. In addition, the overcharge preventing means 10 includes a second comparator 11 for comparing the voltage B + from the battery 6 with a predetermined adjustment voltage Vh, and the second comparator ( The result signal from 11) and the initial output from the second comparator 11 A logic circuit 12 which receives and logics a signal for continuously performing an overcharge prevention operation as the overcharge prevention operation is performed based on the overcharge state signal, and on / off according to the logic value in the logic circuit 12. The switching transistor 13 which operates switching, the blocking element RL which operates as the switching transistor 13 is turned on to cut off the current of the field coil 1, and the current blocking operation of the blocking element RL And a blocking operation holding signal generating element 14 which applies a blocking operation holding signal to the logic circuit 12 to be continuously maintained.

Description

Voltage regulator of vehicle with overcharge protection

1 is a configuration diagram according to an example of a general generator.

2 (a) to (d) are diagrams for explaining the principle of operation of the generator shown in FIG.

3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating the magnitude of the generated voltage according to the rotation of the commutator shown in FIG.

4 is a circuit diagram of a general voltage regulator.

5 is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulator of a vehicle having an overcharge preventing function according to an embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Field coil 2: Field iron core

3: armature coil 4: commutator

5,5a, 5b: brush 6: battery

7: comparator 8: switching element

9: electric load 10: overcharge prevention means

11 second comparator 12 logic circuit

13: Switching transistor 14: Cutoff operation holding signal generating element

RL: Blocking element (relay)

The present invention relates to a voltage regulator of a vehicle having an overcharge protection function, and in particular, a voltage of a vehicle having an overcharge protection function to prevent a phenomenon in which excessive voltage is charged to a generator due to a voltage regulator not functioning. It is about a regulator.

At present, a general generator mounted on a vehicle is magnetized to the magnetic field core 2 when the current induced by an armature (not shown) flows around the core core 2 as shown in FIG. 1. Field coil (1) to make a coil, an armature coil (3) to induce voltage by rotating the magnetic flux while rotating the inside of the magnetic field (AC), and the alternating voltage generated from the armature coil (3) It is composed of a commutator (Commutator Bar) 4, and a brush (Brush) (5) installed to be inclined with the commutator (4) to serve to send the current generated in the armature to the outside.

The configuration illustrated in FIG. 1 is a configuration of a general DC generator, and an operation principle thereof is as follows.

First, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), a rectangular armature coil 3 a, b, c, d is placed between the field cores N and S, and the terminals b and c are insulated from each other. When it is rotated around the axis OO 'with an external force applied in a state where it is connected to a device assembled with a commutator commutator 4, the armature coils 3, a, b, and c, d intersect magnetic fluxes, To generate a voltage.

The direction of the generated voltage follows Fleming's right-hand law, and its magnitude is proportional to the ratio of cutting the magnetic flux at right angles, so the position of the current armature coil 3 shown in FIG. Until it reaches a position as shown in Fig. 3, it gradually increases as shown in Fig. 3, and the position shown in Fig. 2 (b) is the largest and closest to the position shown in Fig. 2 (c). Therefore, it gradually decreases and becomes zero (0) as shown in FIG. 3 at the position as shown in FIG. This voltage then passes between the commutator 4 and between the brushes 5 in contact with it. Therefore, when the direction from the generator to the outside is in the forward direction, the polarity of the brush 5 is 5a is (+), 5b is (-).

If the rotation continues in this state, the direction of the generated voltage is directed from the armature coil 3 b to a and from the armature coil 3 d to c as shown in FIG. As shown by the dotted line, the reverse of the first, but since the commutator 4 in contact with the brush 5 is changed at the same time, the polarity of the brush 5 is constant and the voltage between the brushes 5 is shown in FIG. It appears as rectified in the solid line as well.

On the other hand, all the vehicles are provided with a voltage regulator (Voltage Regulator) for adjusting to maintain a constant voltage generated by the generator operating as described above regardless of the change in the number of revolutions.

As shown in FIG. 4, the general voltage regulator is provided with a comparator 7 for comparing the voltage B + from the battery 6 with a predetermined adjustment voltage Vr, and is output from the comparator 7. It consists of a switching element 8 made of, for example, a power transistor, which switches on / off according to the result value and interrupts the current flowing in the field coil 1 in the generator.

According to the general voltage regulator of the above-described configuration, when the voltage from the battery 6 (that is, the battery charge voltage = generator output voltage; B +) is lower than the adjustment voltage Vr, the switching element 8 is turned ON. As the current flows through the field coil 1, the voltage charged in the generator increases, whereas when the voltage B + from the battery 6 is higher than the regulated voltage Vr, the switching element 8 ) Is turned off so that no current flows in the field coil 1, so the voltage in the generator is reduced.

By the on / off switching operation, the voltage regulator adjusts the generator voltage to match the adjustment voltage Vr. In this case, the switching element 8 continuously performs the on / off switching operation. Since the current flowing in the intermittent current is not only excessive heat is generated, it is often deteriorated by various surge components generated by the generator or the electric load 9. When the switching element 8 is deteriorated in this manner, a short phenomenon occurs in most cases. When the current flows continuously in the field coil 1 due to the short circuit of the switching element 8, the generator continuously receives a voltage. Because of this charge, not only will the battery 6 be damaged, but there is also an injuries that cause enormous damage to the electrical load 9.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of which is to prevent overcharge of the generator generated when the operation of the voltage regulator due to the short, etc. can prevent damage to various electrical appliances in advance. It is to provide a voltage regulator of a vehicle with overcharge protection.

In order to achieve the above object, the voltage regulator of a vehicle having an overcharge protection function according to the present invention is provided with a comparator for comparing a voltage from a battery with a predetermined regulated voltage and on / off-switched according to a result value output from the comparator. A voltage regulator for controlling the output voltage of a generator by regulating a current flowing through a field coil in a generator, the voltage regulator being provided between the battery 6 and the field coil 1, the switching element ( When the overvoltage is discharged from the battery (6) in the short state 8) is further provided with an overcharge preventing means for blocking the supply of the voltage from the battery (6) to the field coil (1) The overcharge preventing means includes a second comparator for comparing the voltage from the battery with a predetermined adjustment voltage, a result signal from the second comparator and the A logic circuit which receives and logic-processes a signal to continuously perform the overcharge prevention operation as the overcharge prevention operation is performed based on the initial overcharge state signal output from the second comparator, and turns on the logic value in the logic circuit. A switching transistor which operates on / off switching, a blocking element which operates as the switching transistor is turned on to cut off the current of the field coil, and a blocking operation holding signal which allows the current blocking operation of the blocking element to be continuously maintained. And a blocking operation holding signal generating element applied to the logic circuit.

Preferably, the adjustment voltage applied to the second comparator is set higher than the adjustment voltage applied to the comparator.

In addition, the logic circuit is preferably configured as an or gate.

According to the present invention, the blocking element is made of a relay, and the initial contact state of the relay is a normal temperature state.

In addition, the interrupt operation holding signal generating element is preferably composed of a comparator having a predetermined adjustment voltage.

According to the present invention configured as described above, when the switching element is shorted due to overheating or external electric shock, and the output voltage of the generator is excessively increased, the second comparator in the overcharge preventing means outputs a signal indicating that it is in an overcharge state. On the basis of the signal, the logic circuit outputs a high level logic value, and as the switching transistor is turned on, the relay acts as a blocking element to cut off the current applied to the switching element. Based on the signal output from the holding signal generating element, the current blocking operation of the relay is continued to prevent the overcharge phenomenon.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described the present invention in more detail.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulator with an overcharge protection function according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as those described in FIG.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 10 denotes a generator as the existing switching element 8, which serves to control the current flowing through the field coil 1, is deteriorated due to overheating or external electric shock or poor quality. If the output voltage is not properly adjusted, the overcharge prevention means for preventing the overcharge state of the generator.

Here, the overcharge preventing means 10 is the non-inverting terminal (+) is connected between the non-inverting terminal (+) of the battery (6) and the inverting terminal (-) of the comparator 7, the inverting terminal (-) It is connected so that an adjustment voltage (e.g., a non-hazardous high voltage; Vh) set to a predetermined value higher than the adjustment voltage Vr applied to the non-inverting terminal + of the comparator 7 is applied to the non-inverting terminal +. A second comparator (11) for comparing the voltage (B +) with the adjustment voltage (Vh); One end is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator 11, and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the interrupt operation holding signal generating element 14, which will be described later, and outputted from the second comparator 11 (i.e., A logic circuit 12 which receives a signal from an overcharge state or a signal from an overcharge state and a signal from the interrupt operation maintaining signal generating element 14 and performs an OR operation on the signal; A base is connected to the output terminal of the logic circuit 12 via a resistor R, and a collector is connected between the battery 6 and the field coil 1 via a reverse voltage preventing diode D, A switching transistor 13 which performs silver / off switching operation according to a logic value output from the logic circuit 12; A relay RL as a blocking element which is connected to the collector of the switching transistor 13 in parallel with respect to the diode D and cuts off the current flowing in the field coil 1 as the switching transistor 13 is turned on; ; The inverting terminal (-) is connected to the relay RL, and the non-inverting terminal (+) is connected so that a predetermined adjustment voltage (for example, a voltage higher than the ground level; Vs) is applied to cut off the current of the relay RL. And a blocking operation holding signal generating element 14 composed of a comparator for applying a blocking operation holding signal to the logic circuit 12 so that the operation can be continuously performed.

Referring to the overcharge prevention operation by the voltage regulator of the vehicle with the overcharge protection function according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

In FIG. 5, the voltage discharged from the battery 6 becomes an overvoltage state when the switching element 8 is deteriorated due to overheating or external electric shock, and a short phenomenon occurs. The comparator voltage Vr becomes much higher than the control voltage Vr of the second comparator 11 when the rising voltage B + becomes higher than the control voltage of the second comparator 11 (that is, the voltage set higher than the Vr; Vh). The output value of becomes a high level signal (that is, a signal indicating an overcharge state), and the logic level 12 is output from the logic circuit 12, so that the switching transistor 13 is turned on.

Accordingly, the relay RL as the blocking element releases the initial contact state (that is, the normal temperature state) to cut off the current flowing to the field coil 1, so that the output voltage of the generator does not rise.

As described above, when the relay RL performs the contact release operation, the collector level of the switching element 8 becomes the ground level, so that the comparator constituting the interrupt operation maintaining signal generating element 14 has a high level signal (ie, , A signal for continuously performing an overcharge prevention operation) to the logic circuit 12.

Accordingly, even if a low voltage signal (ie, a signal indicating that an overcharge state is not output) is output from the second comparator 11 due to the stop of the power generation operation of the generator, the logic circuit 12 is output. Since the logic value output from is maintained at a high level, the switching transistor 13 continues to be turned on, and the relay RL continues to be disconnected so that the power generation operation of the generator is not continuously performed.

According to the present invention as described above, when the switching element is shorted due to overheating or external electric shock and the output voltage of the generator is excessively increased, the power generation operation of the generator is not performed by the overcharge preventing means, overcharge Not only will the protection be enhanced, but it will also protect the battery and electrical components from overcharging.

Claims (5)

The comparator 7 which compares the voltage B + from the battery 6 with a predetermined adjustment voltage Vr, and the field coil 1 in the generator while being switched on / off according to the result value output from the comparator 7. A voltage regulator having a switching element (8) for intermitting a current flowing in the generator to regulate a constant output voltage of a generator, wherein the switching element (8) is provided between the battery (6) and the field coil (1). Is further provided with an overcharge preventing means (10) for blocking the supply of the voltage from the battery (6) to the field coil (1) when the overvoltage is discharged from the battery (6) in the short state The overcharge preventing means 10 includes a second comparator 11 for comparing the voltage B + from the battery 6 with a predetermined adjustment voltage Vh, and a result signal from the second comparator 11. And an initial overcharge state signal output from the second comparator 11 Logic circuit 12 for receiving and logic-processing a signal to continuously perform the overcharge prevention operation as the overcharge prevention operation is performed on the basis of the switching, and the on / off switching operation according to the logic value in the logic circuit 12. As the transistor 13 and the switching transistor 13 are turned on, the blocking element RL for blocking the current of the field coil 1 and the current blocking operation of the blocking element RL can be continuously maintained. And a blocking operation holding signal generating element (14) for applying a blocking operation holding signal to the logic circuit (12). 2. The overcharge preventing function according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment voltage Vh applied to the second comparator 11 is set to a predetermined value higher than the adjustment voltage Vr applied to the comparator 7. Voltage regulator of the vehicle. 2. The voltage regulator of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the logic circuit (12) is composed of an orgate. 2. The voltage regulator of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the blocking element (RL) is made of a relay, and the initial contact state of the relay is normal temperature. 2. The voltage regulator of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the interruption operation holding signal generating element (14) comprises a comparator having a predetermined adjustment voltage (Vs).