JP2920965B2 - Generator voltage regulator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage regulator (regulator) for a generator, and more particularly to a voltage regulator for a magnet type small AC generator used for motorcycles and special machines. It is about a vessel.

[Conventional technology]

 FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a conventional voltage regulator of a generator.

In the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a generator coil of a generator (not shown), which generates an AC voltage by rotating a rotor composed of a permanent magnet. One end of the power generation coil 1 is grounded, the other end has a charging terminal 2 for charging a battery, and an intermediate lighting terminal 3 for lighting a lamp. In FIG. 4, a portion surrounded by a two-dot chain line indicates the voltage adjustment circuit 4. This voltage adjustment circuit 4
Is a parallel control circuit 5 for controlling a lamp lighting current;
And a series control circuit 6 for controlling the charging current of the battery.

The parallel control circuit 5 includes a full-wave rectifier 51 and a constant Zener voltage.
Zener diode 52 with V _Z1 , capacitor 53, resistor 5
4,55, a transistor 56, a diode 57, and a thyristor 58. Also, the series control circuit 6, resistors 61, diodes 62 and 63, zener diode 64 having a constant Zener voltage V _Z2, contains thyristor 65. Reference numeral 11 denotes a lighting switch, and reference numeral 12 denotes a lamp such as a headlight. Reference numeral 13 denotes a register. When the switch 11 is in the "night" state, the lamp 12 is connected to the lighting terminal 3, and when the switch 11 is in the "day" state, the register 13 is in the lighting terminal 3. Is to be connected to. Reference numeral 14 denotes a charging current limiting fuse, 15 denotes a battery,
Reference numeral 16 denotes an ignition (Ig) switch, and 17 denotes various direct current (DC) loads including semiconductor elements.

In the circuit shown in FIG. 4, the charge control of the battery 15 is performed by the serial control circuit 6.

In the positive cycle of the voltage V ₂ of the charging terminal 2, the voltage
The beginning of the period in which V ₂ is greater than the battery side voltage V _4, the resistor
When the gate voltage supplied to the thyristor 65 via the diode 61 and the diode 63 reaches the trigger voltage, the thyristor 65 is turned on, and a current flows from the charging terminal 2 through the fuse 14 to charge the battery 15. When the battery side voltage V ₄ increases along with the charging, the positive cycle of the voltage V _2, since the flow angle of the thyristors 65 are turned on decreases, the charging current decreases gradually. At this time, the timing at which the thyristor 65 is activated is determined by the Zener voltage V of the Zener diode 64.
_It is determined by _Z2 , which limits the upper limit of the charging voltage.

Thus, by having a series control circuit 6 of FIG. 4, while being controlled so that the charging current decreases with increasing battery voltage V _B, by being defined the upper limit of the charging voltage, overcharge Is prevented.

The control of the lighting current for the lamp 12 is performed by the parallel control circuit 5.

When the switch 11 is connected to the lamp side, a current flows through the lamp 12 by the voltage V ₃ of the lighting terminal 3. On the other hand, voltage V ₃ is rectified through a full wave rectifier 51 is smoothed by a circuit consisting of a capacitor 53, resistors 54 and 55. The resulting DC voltage is the Zener voltage of Zener diode 52.
When V _Z1 is exceeded, the transistor 56 is turned on by the voltage generated at the resistor 55, whereby the gate voltage supplied via the diode 57 reaches the trigger voltage, the thyristor 58 is turned on, and the power generation coil 1 is short-circuited. Therefore, the subsequent lamp supply current in the negative cycle of the generator generated voltage is cut off.

In this case, in the positive cycle of the generator-generated voltage, the amplitude is limited by the series control circuit 6.

In the circuit of FIG. 2, since the higher the thyristor 58 the voltage V ₃ higher interrupts the lamp current turned on early in the negative cycle, even when the generator becomes high voltage generated at light load, lamp Control for making the supply current constant is performed.

Such a voltage regulator is described in detail in JP-A-57-196899.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional voltage regulator shown in FIG. 4, when the battery comes off the charging circuit or the fuse blows, a high peak voltage based on the positive cycle from the charging terminal 2 is applied to the DC load 17. Applied. The DC load 17 includes various components that operate with a DC voltage, and there is a problem that the peak voltage may cause damage particularly to semiconductor components and the like.

Further, in the case of the method of stabilizing the lamp current by half-wave short circuit as shown in FIG. 4, when the charging circuit becomes lightly loaded and the voltage rises, the consumption of the power generation coil 1 by the short circuit current There is a problem that the power increases and the temperature rise of the generator increases.

FIG. 5 shows the case of the full-wave short-circuit method shown in (1) and (2),
In the case of the half-wave short-circuit method shown in FIGS.
It is a comparison of the power consumption of the generating coil.

In the case of the full-wave short-circuit method shown in FIGS. 3 (1) and (2), the heat generation amount P is obtained by setting the resistance of the power generation coil to _Ri. (here, Indicates an integral from 0 to 2π. same as below. On the other hand, in the half-wave short-circuit method shown in FIGS. 3 (3) and (4), As described above, in the case of the half-wave short-circuit system to which the present invention is applied, there is a disadvantage that the power consumption of the generator under a light load is large.

[Object of the invention]

The present invention is to solve such a problem of the related art.

That is, an object of the present invention is to prevent a semiconductor component or the like from being damaged by short-circuiting one cycle of a generator-generated voltage to reduce the voltage when the peak voltage increases due to disconnection of a battery or the like.

It is another object of the present invention to short-circuit both waves of the generator-generated voltage at a light load, thereby preventing heat generation of the generator coil and suppressing a rise in the temperature of the generator.

Further, the present invention aims to achieve both of the above objects.

[Means for solving the problem]

In the present invention, a generator provided with a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal has a first current control element in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and has a constant voltage. And a series control circuit for performing control so as to supply current to the battery by a voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that becomes narrower as the voltage of the battery rises, A parallel control circuit having a second current control element and performing control so as to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the power generation coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value. The battery can be adjusted and supplied to the lamp and the lamp.

Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit having a third current control element in parallel with the power generation coil and performing control so as to short-circuit a voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil when the output voltage of the serial control circuit exceeds a certain value. And a light-load voltage control circuit that controls the third current control element when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value so as to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil. It has the configuration.

This aims to achieve the above-mentioned object.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Here, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 are used for the same components as those in the conventional example described above.

 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the first invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a generator coil of a generator. The power generation coil 1 includes a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3. A current control element 65 is connected in series between the charging terminal 2 and the battery 15, and one of the charging terminals 2 has a flow angle that becomes smaller as the voltage of the battery 15 increases until a certain voltage is exceeded. A series control circuit 6 is provided for controlling the battery 15 to supply a current with a voltage having a polarity of. A parallel control circuit 5 having a current control element 58 in parallel with the power generation coil 1 and performing control so as to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value. It has. Furthermore, a current control element is connected in parallel with the power generation coil 1.
It is shown that an overvoltage control circuit 7 is provided to control the short-circuit of the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the output voltage of the series control circuit 6 exceeds a certain value.

This will be described in more detail. Here, the operation of the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 is the same as the description of FIG. 4 described above, and thus the detailed description is omitted.

In the overvoltage control circuit 7, numeral 71 and 72 resistors, 73 Zener diode having a Zener voltage V _Z3, 74 diodes, 75 is a thyristor.

The Zener voltage V _S3 of Zener diode 73, a voltage V ₄ when charging the battery set in the middle of the semiconductor components of withstand voltage in the DC load 17.

Under normal conditions, C at the output side of thyristor 65
Since the voltage at the point is lower than the zener voltage V _Z3 , the thyristor 75
Does not turn on. If the battery 15 is disconnected, the voltage at the point C increases, and a current flows through the resistor 71, the zener diode 73, and the resistor 72. This allows resistance 7
When the voltage generated at 2 exceeds the trigger voltage of the thyristor 75, the thyristor 75 is turned on by being supplied with the gate voltage via the diode 74, and the positive terminal of the generator voltage causes the connection between the charging terminal 2 and the ground. Short circuit. Thus the voltage at the point C is lowered, can be suppressed to below a set voltage determined the peak voltage in the DC load 17 by the Zener voltage V _Z3.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the voltage of a generator provided with a generating coil 1 having a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3 is adjusted to adjust the battery voltage.
In the voltage regulation circuit of the generator for supplying to the lamp 15 and the lamp 12, a current control element 65 is provided in series between the charging terminal 2 and the battery 15, and the battery 15 is maintained until a predetermined voltage is exceeded.
And a series control circuit 6 for controlling so as to supply a current to the battery 15 with a voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal 2 at a flow angle that becomes narrower in accordance with the rise in the voltage. Also,
A parallel control circuit 5 having a current control element 58 in parallel with the generating coil 1 and performing control so as to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the generating coil 1 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value. ing. Further, when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value, the current control element 75 provided in parallel with the power generation coil 1 is controlled so that the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil 1 is short-circuited. A light load voltage control circuit 8 is provided.

This will be described in more detail. Here, the operations of the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 are the same as those described with reference to FIG.

In the light load voltage control circuit 8, reference numerals 81 and 82 denote resistors, 83 denotes a transistor, and 84 denotes a diode.

When the lighting switch 11 is in the "daytime" state, the load on the lighting terminal 3 is light. In a daytime lighting state in which the switch 11 is set to a “nighttime” state in the daytime, if the light is disconnected, the rider may not notice the disconnection, and the situation is the same as the “daytime” state.

When the battery 15 is fully charged in this state, the thyristor 65 of the series control circuit 5 is always off. As a result, the voltage generated in the capacitor 53 increases, and the resistance 82
Transistor 83 is turned on by the voltage generated at
When the voltage applied to the thyristor 75 via the diode 84 exceeds its trigger voltage, the thyristor 75 is turned on and short-circuits between the charging terminal 2 and ground in the positive cycle of the generator voltage.

Therefore, in a light load state in which the battery is fully charged in the "daytime" state, since the power generation coil 1 is short-circuited between the charging terminal 2 and the ground, the heat generation of the power generation coil is prevented.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. This third embodiment is a generator voltage adjusting circuit that adjusts the voltage of a generator provided with a generator coil 1 having a charging terminal 2 and a lighting terminal 3 and supplies the voltage to a battery 15 and a lamp 12.
A current control element is connected in series between the charging terminal 2 and the battery 15.
65, a series which performs control so that current is supplied to the battery 15 by a voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal 2 at a flow angle which becomes narrower as the voltage of the battery 15 increases until the voltage exceeds a certain voltage. A control circuit 6 is provided. A parallel control circuit 5 having a current control element 58 in parallel with the power generation coil 1 and performing control so as to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value.
It has. Furthermore, an overvoltage control circuit having a current control element 75 in parallel with the power generation coil 1 and performing control so as to short-circuit a voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil 1 when the output voltage of the serial control circuit 6 exceeds a certain value. 7, a light-load voltage control circuit 8 that controls the current control element 75 when the voltage of the lighting terminal 3 exceeds a certain value to control the voltage of one polarity in the power generation coil 1 to be short-circuited. Is provided.

This will be described in more detail. Here, the operation of the portions indicated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 is the same as that described above with reference to FIG. 4, and therefore the detailed description is omitted. The operation of the overvoltage control circuit 7 is the same as that described in the embodiment of FIG. further,
The operation of the light load voltage control circuit 8 is the same as that described in the embodiment of FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, since both the overvoltage control circuit 7 and the light-load voltage control circuit 8 are provided, when the peak voltage increases, one of the cycles of the generator generated voltage is short-circuited. To prevent damage to semiconductor components, etc., and to short-circuit both waves of the generator generated voltage at light load, thereby preventing the heat generation of the generator coil and suppressing the temperature rise of the generator. Has both.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a series control circuit for controlling the battery supply current, and a parallel control circuit for controlling the voltage of the lighting terminal to a constant value, adjust the voltage of the generator, and In the voltage regulator of the generator that supplies the lamp, an overvoltage control circuit is provided to short-circuit one cycle of the generator voltage when the peak voltage rises. In this state, it is possible to prevent a semiconductor component or the like used in the DC load from being damaged due to an increase in the peak voltage.

In addition, since the light-load state control circuit is provided to detect the light-load state and to set the double-wave short-circuit state, the temperature rise of the generator can be suppressed.

Further, by providing the overvoltage control circuit and the light-load-time voltage control circuit, effects based on both can be obtained. In this case, since a part of the double-wave short circuit at the time of light load can be shared with the overvoltage control circuit,
Cost advantages can be obtained.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a small AC generator for a motorcycle or the like, the voltage control performance can be greatly increased, which greatly contributes to improvement in quality and performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 3 are diagrams each showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional voltage regulator,
FIGS. 5 (1) to (4) are diagrams showing a comparison of the heat generation amount of the power generation coil between the full-wave short-circuit method and the half-wave short-circuit method. 1 ... Generating coil, 2 ... Charging terminal, 3 ... Lighting terminal, 5 ... Parallel control circuit, 6 ... Series control circuit, 7 ...
Overvoltage control circuit, 8 ... Light load voltage control circuit, 12 ...
Lamp, 15… Battery, 58, 65, 75 …… Current control element.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A generator having a generating coil having a charging terminal and a lighting terminal, a first current control element in series between the charging terminal and the battery, and a constant voltage. And a series control circuit for controlling so as to supply current to the battery by a voltage of one polarity of the charging terminal at a flow angle that becomes narrower as the voltage of the battery rises. A parallel control circuit having two current control elements and performing control so as to short-circuit the voltage of the other polarity in the power generation coil when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value. In a voltage adjusting circuit of a generator for adjusting a voltage and supplying the battery and the lamp, a third current control element is provided in parallel with the power generation coil, and the output voltage of the series control circuit exceeds a predetermined value. To the generator coil An overvoltage control circuit that performs control so as to short-circuit the voltage of one polarity, and controls the third current control element when the voltage of the lighting terminal exceeds a certain value, to control one of the power generation coils. A voltage regulator for a generator, comprising: a light-load voltage control circuit for performing control so as to short-circuit a polarity voltage.