JPH0315319A - Planting material for horticultural pot and soil improver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the growth of a plant and reduce the labor for the preparation of product by compounding 140vol.% of pressed cake composed of fibrous substance obtained by pressing sugar cane chips to remove sugar syrup and using the obtained mixture as a planting material for horticultural pot. CONSTITUTION:Sugar cane chips are pressed to remove sugar syrup and the obtained pressed cake composed mainly of fibrous substance is compounded in an amount of >=40vol.% based on the whole planting material for horticulture. The size of the pressed cake is preferably >=2mm. Materials produced from bark. quartzite or coconut may be used in addition to the pressed cake. A soil improver can be produced by pressing sugar cane chips to remove sugar syrup, pulverizing the obtained press cake composed mainly of fibrous substance and compounding >=50vol.% of the powder based on the whole soil improver.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The present invention can be easily made into a product shape, does not require salt removal, contains various nutrients, is suitable for the growth of garden plants, and is easy to handle. The present invention relates to a potting material for horticulture and a soil conditioner that is easy to use and allows effective use of resources. This soil conditioner is used not only for horticulture but also for soil used for fruit trees, vegetables, strawberries, etc.

[Prior Art] Sphagnum moss is known as a conventional potting material for gardening. As other materials, for example, so-called perk, which is most commonly used in making strawberries, is known, as well as silica stone and crushed coconut.

In addition, as a conventional organic soil conditioner, peat moss (sphagnum peat washed with water, selected, dried, and crushed) is used.
etc. are known, but a soil improvement agent using pressed sugarcane residue is not yet known.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned sphagnum moss is expensive, and it is best to plant it in a pot with the same hardness for everyone. Also, since the above-mentioned park is made by fermenting chips for about 3 to 4 months, it takes a long time to manufacture it. Furthermore, since this park is usually manufactured from the bark of trees stored in seawater, the product usually contains salt, and it takes time to remove the salt, and it is also low in fertilizer and nutrients. Therefore, it is not favorable for plant growth. The above-mentioned silica stone has a problem in that the root length is not good. Furthermore, since crushed coconuts are usually manufactured using coconuts that have fallen into the sea, it takes a lot of effort to remove the salt.

The peat moss is useful as an organic soil conditioner, but as it is strongly acidic, it must be neutralized with slaked lime before use, making it complicated to produce and producing only small amounts, resulting in a lack of stable supply. There are also aspects.

The present invention overcomes all of the above-mentioned drawbacks, does not require salt removal, does not require time and effort, can be easily manufactured into a product, is favorable for plant growth, is easy to handle, and makes effective use of resources. The purpose of the present invention is to provide horticultural planting materials and soil conditioners that can improve the quality of the soil.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The horticultural planting material of the first invention is characterized by containing 40% by volume of pressed lees. Sweet potatoes are pressed to remove the sugar juice, and are mainly composed of fibrous substances.

The pressed lees is contained in an amount of 40% or more by volume, more preferably 60% or more, based on the entire potting material. This pressed lees is essential because, as shown in the experimental results in the examples below, it improves root tension, increases flower stalk loss, and also tends to shorten the leaf length, giving it a firmer appearance. This is because it exhibits effects such as exhibiting an excellent overall shape. It is particularly effective on garden plants with large leaves such as straw.

The reason why the pressed lees is contained at least 40% by volume, especially at least 60%, is to avoid reducing the effectiveness of the pressed lees and to allow it to be used without removing salt (reducing the salt content). ) for the sake of That is, when using a large amount of products made from perc or coconut, it is necessary to remove salt, which requires water treatment.

As materials to be blended other than this pressed lees, conventionally used perc, silica stone, materials made from coconut, etc. can be used. Among these, those made from perc or coconut are preferred. Those made from coconut are preferable because they have a high sugar content, are easy to root, and contain organic hormones such as inositol, like this pressed lees. Furthermore, it is also preferable to use it together with a park. This is because, as can be seen when actually culturing and observing, if only this pressed lees is cultured, a part of it will be dissolved and consumed. Of course, since not all of it is consumed, it is clear that 100% of this pressed lees may be used.

This pressed lees is usually used with the sugar juice removed, but if it is desired to reduce the adhering sugar content, it can be treated with water or the like. In this case, odors etc. are reduced,
It is convenient when used indoors. However, even if there is adhering sugar, if the product is used outdoors, the adhering sugar will be naturally washed out by rain or watering. The size of this pressed lees can vary depending on the intended use, and the size that is usually used is the size that is discharged after the pressing and leaching steps when producing raw sugar before refining. According to
Pass through a designated sieve to remove fine powder.

This pressed lees is usually made by cutting the raw material, sugarcane, into small pieces with a cutter, cutting them into pieces of about 15 to 30 cm, and then crushing them with a mill, etc. to make sugar juice. It is produced by squeezing it as a pressed product.

The size of this pressed lees is not particularly limited, but
As shown in the invention, a size of 2 mm or more is preferred. This is because if a larger amount of powder than this is included, the gaps will be reduced, which will impede root tension and cause dusting, which will be inconvenient to handle.

The soil improvement agent of the third invention has been perfected after examining various effective uses of the pressed lees and found that it has excellent organic soil improvement effects. It is characterized by containing. Here, "contains" means that this pressed lees powder alone may be used, or it may be mixed with other soil conditioners (peat moss, bentonite, etc.). The size of the pressed lees used in the first invention was classified into 2 m.
m or less is usually used. Thereby, when combined with the second invention, all pressed lees can be effectively utilized.

When pressed lees is used as a soil conditioner, it is fibrous and prevents the soil from solidifying, allowing it to retain moisture and air. Furthermore, it is weakly acidic, making it suitable for microbial activity. In addition, as mentioned above, it can be expected to improve root tension and contain a certain amount of sugar. From the above, this product has a soil improvement effect that has never been seen before and that no one has thought of at all.

In addition, as other soil conditioners, known conventional organic and/or inorganic soil conditioners (beet moss, processed peat/grass charcoal, humic acid materials, bentonite, zeolite, fly ash, etc.) may be used as appropriate. It can be selected and used.

The soil conditioner of the fourth invention has a 5%
It contains 0 volume% or more of pressed lees powder. This is,
If it is less than 50 volume%, the effect is not sufficient, and 50 volume%
This is because if the amount exceeds 100%, the pressed sugarcane lees can sufficiently perform its soil improvement effect.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

Example 1 In this example, only pressed lees was used as the horticultural potting material.

First, the pressed lees discharged from the manufacturing process is prepared. This pressed lees is obtained by pressing the sweet potato into small pieces and removing the sugar juice, and it is mostly composed of fibrous substances, and also contains sugar juice, that is, sugar, organic hormones such as inositol, etc. It has a slight odor attached to it, and most of them are in the form of long thin chips with a length of about 10 to 40 mm. This was passed through a sieve to remove fine powder, and chips with a length of about 5 to 10 mm or more were collected.

This pressed lees was used as potting material for producing Western orchids (cymbidiums), and the pots were filled almost completely, and Western orchids were planted into the pots. In addition, as a comparative example, a conventionally used park (length l~5cm, width 1~2cmSyi.S3
~10 mm) were used in the same manner.

This pressed lees can be made into a final product simply by passing it through a sieve, and since it has an appropriate length and gaps between chips,
Compared to sphagnum moss, it can be planted to almost the same hardness no matter who plants it, and it is convenient to handle as it does not contain fine powder. In addition, although there was some odor as it was, this odor was reduced by watering. Also, unlike bark, there is no need for fermentation that takes several months, so production efficiency is extremely high. Furthermore, this pH is about 5 to 6, which is convenient for the growth of plants, especially seeds.

Furthermore, since sugar is produced in large quantities around the world, including Japan,
The amount of pressed lees produced is extremely large, and it is only discarded or used as fertilizer or fuel, and the resource is not used effectively.

Therefore, unlike products made from coconuts or coconuts, which have a limited production volume, the supply is stable and added value can be increased, making it possible to use them more effectively and making them cheaper. . In addition, this pressed lees has a large amount of fibrous bracts and has appropriate voids and sugar content, so it is favorable for plant growth, especially for increasing the size of the bulbs and properly spreading the roots.

Carbohydrates are required as organic nutrients for this growth, as is the case not only for plants but also for other plants.
It is used at a concentration of 30g/1, and this can be seen from the fact that sucrose is also used as a carbon source in the primary root medium.

As mentioned above, pressed lees contains sugar and is therefore suitable for plant growth. It also contains various plant hormones (growth regulators), as well as inositol, which has the effect of promoting plant sprouting, so it is extremely good for plant growth. Therefore, the product of this example has better growth than the comparative example product. Furthermore, this pressed lees is thought to contain various other useful organic substances, so it is extremely good for plant growth. In particular, in the case of orchids, it is extremely useful because the sugar changes and leads to photosynthesis.

It is thought that fermentation, spoilage, etc. are suppressed because sugar is attached.

Example 2 In this example, 60% by volume of the pressed lees used in Example 1 and 40% by volume of commercially available perc were used. This park does not have salt removed.

In this example, even if the perk used in the past is used on a single ship, there is no need to remove salt, and its growth is superior to that of the conventional perk, in other words, the effect of pressed lees can be fully demonstrated. can.

Example 3 First, we prepared the pressed lees obtained from the manufacturing process obtained from the Special Products Department of the Okinawa Economic Federation, and sieved it to separate those with a size of about 5 mm or more (hereinafter referred to as coarse pressed lees) and those with a size of about 2 to 5 mm. (referred to as fine pressed lees) and a powder of approximately 2 mm or less.

As shown in Tables 1 to 4, the coarse or fine pressed lees, a 1/1 (volume ratio) mixture of this and so-called park, cedar bark as a comparative example, and park were used as implant materials, and various types of Cymbidium were planted. An effect test on growth was conducted. This test was conducted at the Mountain Technology Experimental Farm of the Aichi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station (address;
The project was held in Inabashi, Inabashi, Kitashitara District, Aichi Prefecture from March 1989 to January 1990.

For the cultivation outline, Table 1 (Effect on growth of seedlings) and Table 2 (Effect on dry weight) (variety: Brigitte Bardot) were cultured using normal tissue culture and were grown from flasks in June 1988. In September 1989, the No. 3 pot was replaced, and in March 1989, the No. 4 pot was replaced, and the plants were grown using the planting materials shown in each table.

The animals were heated at 10° C. from January to May (winter season), and kept outdoors at other times. The third test was held at the park. The survey date in Table 2 is September 13, 1989.

Furthermore, regarding Table 3 (Effect on growth of flowering plants) and Table 4 (Effect on flowering) (variety: Brigitte Bardot), 198
The flask was removed from the flask in March 1989, the No. 3 pot was replaced in September 1988, the No. 4 pot was replaced in March 1988, the No. 5 pot was replaced in July 1988, and the No. 6 pot was replaced in March 1989. The plants were grown by changing the pot and using the planting materials shown in each table. In addition, 198
The temperature was maintained at 2°C during the winter period from July to 1988, at 5°C until February during the winter period from 1988 to 1989, and at 15°C from March, and outside the winter period as described above. In this case, the pressed lees used had the powder removed and were about 2 mm or more in size. 5
Up to the issue, the event was held at the park.

These results are shown in Tables 1 to 4, respectively.

According to these tables, the following can be seen.

? 1) As shown in Tables 1, 3, and 4, the leaf length is
2-3 cm, especially in Tables 3 and 4, it is about 3 cm shorter.

(2) As shown in Table 4, the number of flower stems is approximately 30% greater than that of park and cedar bark.

(3) As for the flowering date, as shown in Table 4, the flowering date is the latest for Park, while it is 6 days earlier for pressed lees.

(4> The tension of the roots is as shown in Table 2.
It is significantly better than that of cedar bark. That is, the weight of the underground part is greater than that of the above-ground part, and especially the coarse one with 100% pressed lees is heavier, and is 25% heavier than the park.

(5) The number of leaves is also slightly higher in case of pressed lees ■ than in park etc.

From the above, in the product of this example, if 50% or more of pressed lees is added, it is possible to create a tree with good root tension and short, compact leaves (no dull feeling). Moreover, the number of flower stalks is large, and it can be made into a product with very high commercial value.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to what is shown in the above-mentioned specific examples, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and use. That is, the size of the pressed lees is variously selected depending on the purpose, use, manufacturing process, etc. Depending on the usage conditions, if there is a large amount of organic matter causing mold or fermentation, it is possible to use a product that has been treated with water to leach and remove the organic matter, or it can be used to prevent mold such as photosynthesis or bacteria. Agents, deodorants, etc. can also be added. Further, combinations other than those in Example 2 may be used, such as a combination of pressed lees and coconut. Since products made from this coconut also contain sugar and organic hormones, it is thought that the growth of plants will be better than when combined with perc.

Moreover, a polymer superabsorbent agent can be blended or attached to this pressed lees. This polymeric water absorbing agent refers to one having a water absorption amount of pure water of 100 g/g polymer or more. This includes, for example, cross-linked polyacrylate-based, starch/polyacrylate-based, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyacrylate-based, cross-linked PVA-based powders, and acrylic fiber hydrolyzate-based products. Various compositions and shapes of fibrous materials can be used. In particular, cross-linked polyacrylates and starch/polyacrylates are preferred because they have a high water absorption of about 500 to 1000 g/g. Since the pressed lees is made of a fibrous substance, the superabsorbent agent can be easily arranged between the fibers of the pressed lees, regardless of whether it is a powdered or fibrous superabsorbent. The amount of this absorbent is
Although it varies depending on the purpose and use, usually 0.1 to 10% by weight,
More preferably, it is about 0.1 to 1%. If it exceeds 10%, the effect of pressed lees will decrease, and if it is less than 0.1%, the addition effect will decrease.If it is 0.1 to 1%, the addition effect will be ensured, as well as the moisturizing effect and fertilizing effect. This is because it causes almost no reduction and is economical. Moreover, this arrangement method is not critical.

When these are watered, this super-absorbent agent absorbs water and swells to retain water, and also prevents sugars and other substances from dissolving in water and being removed and discharged. In this case, since a certain amount of the fertilizer can be effectively retained, the water retention effect, nutritional effect, and fertilizer effect can be sustained for a long period of time.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The horticultural potting material of the present invention mainly consists of compressed lees mainly consisting of fibrous substances, and does not contain salt,
Since it contains sugar and other useful organic substances, it can be easily made into a product in a short period of time by simply packaging it into a bag, and anyone can plant it to almost the same hardness, and there is no need to remove salt, which saves time and effort. It is good for plant growth, acts as a fertilizer, and allows for effective use of resources.Furthermore, since the production volume of this pressed lees is extremely large, the supply is stable and inexpensive. Become.

In particular, since the potting material of the second invention does not contain powder, it is easy to handle without dusting, and since there are appropriate voids, roots can spread easily.

Since the soil conditioner of the present invention contains pressed organic lees having the above-mentioned actions and effects, it is good for plant growth, and is also excellent in air and water retention and water permeability, as well as in the activation of microorganisms. Furthermore, this pressed lees is not strongly acidic but weakly acidic, so there is no need to neutralize it and it can be used effectively as is.
Furthermore, it exhibits excellent effects in terms of activating microorganisms, etc. Therefore, the present soil conditioner is a sufficient substitute for conventional peat moss.

In particular, since the soil conditioner of the fourth invention contains a large amount of the pressed lees, it is even more excellent in each of the above-mentioned effects.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) It is characterized by containing 40% or more by volume of the whole potting material for horticulture, including compressed lees mainly composed of fibrous substances obtained by compressing finely chopped cane and removing sugar juice. Potting materials for gardening. (2) Claim 1, wherein the size of the pressed lees is 2 mm or more.
The listed horticultural potting materials. (3) A soil improvement agent characterized by containing a powder of pressed lees mainly composed of fibrous substances obtained by pressing fine pieces of sweet potato to remove sugar juice. (4) The powder of the pressed lees is 5% of the total soil conditioner.
The soil conditioner according to claim 3, which contains 0% by volume or more.