JPH03152299A - Water soluble paper for controlling plant pathogen or parasitic nematode and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title paper harmless to men and beasts, capable of controlling living things harmful to plants without polluting circumference by spraying a microorganism having antagonistic action to a plant pathogen or plant parasitic nematode onto the surface of water soluble paper capable of quickly dissolving in water and binding water soluble paper thereon. CONSTITUTION:A water soluble paper 1 capable of quickly dissolving in water is unwound from unwinding part 2 and a microorganism (e.g. Trichoderma viride) having antagonistic action to plant pathogen or plant parasitic nematode or mixture obtained by adding salts to the above-mentioned microorganism is sprayed onto the surface of water soluble paper and then a water soluble paper 6 unwound from the second unwinding part 7 is superposed on the surface of water soluble paper 1 using a pair of upper and lower rolls 8 and 8 and both water soluble papers 1 and 6 are pressed in state containing the antagonistic microorganism 4 by a pair of upper and lower pressing rollers 9 and 9 to integrate both water soluble papers and the integrated water soluble paper is wound into winding part 3 to provide the aimed water soluble paper.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, and a method for producing the same.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] Conventionally,
For controlling soil-borne plant diseases and plant parasitic nematodes, use chloropicrin, methyl bromide, D-D, EDB, DBCP.
Soil fumigants such as
It has become known that fumigants cause environmental pollution and affect humans and livestock, and it has also become clear that even when treated with these chemicals, the density of pathogenic bacteria and nematodes quickly recovers in the soil. .

On the other hand, water-soluble paper can be used for confidential document paper, writing paper such as labels, etc.
It is mainly used as printing paper, as an industrial material that is dissolved and washed away after use, and as sanitary paper for women and infants.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water-based pest control solution that does not contaminate the environment, is harmless to humans and livestock, and is capable of controlling organisms in soil that are harmful to plants, such as plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes. The purpose of this invention is to provide paper and its manufacturing method.

C11l! [Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of extensive research into microorganisms that decompose sodium carboxymethyl cerol (CMC-Na), which is a component of water-soluble paper, the present inventors found that some of these microorganisms include plant pathogens or plant pathogens. It was found that there are many microorganisms that have antagonistic properties against parasitic nematodes.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and includes a water-soluble paper that can be rapidly dissolved in water, and a material that is antagonistic to 11 pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes and that is dispersed on the surface of the water-soluble paper. A method for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, which comprises a microorganism having the above-mentioned microorganism or a mixture of the microorganism and a salt added thereto, and a water-soluble paper bonded to the above-mentioned water-soluble paper in which the microorganism or the mixture is dispersed. The above object has been achieved by providing water-soluble paper.

The present invention also provides a method for suitably producing the water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, that is,
A microorganism that is antagonistic to plant pathogens or plant parasitic nematodes, or a mixture of the microorganism and salts added thereto, is sprayed onto the surface of water-soluble paper that can be quickly dissolved in water, and water-soluble paper is bonded on top of it. The present invention also provides a method for producing a water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria and plant parasitic nematodes.

The microorganisms that are antagonistic to plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes (hereinafter referred to as "antagonistic microorganisms") used in the present invention are those that have antagonistic properties to plant pathogenic bacteria and/or plant parasitic nematodes. The antagonistic microorganisms may be a single type or a mixture of two or more types, and examples of the antagonistic microorganisms include bacteria, actinobacteria, fungi, subtilis, lichens, and algae. etc. can be mentioned. These antagonistic microorganisms may be not only live bacteria but also concentrated, spray-dried, freeze-dried, freeze-thawed, and the like.

The above antagonistic microorganisms are cultured with shaking or stationary in a liquid medium according to a conventional method, the culture is crushed together with the liquid medium in a mixer, and the liquid medium containing the crushed culture is dried by spray drying or freeze drying. Depending on the situation, there are those that are used in powder form, or those that are used as a solution by pulverizing the above-mentioned culture together with a liquid medium in a mixer.

Further, the above-mentioned mixture is specifically a mixture of powdered or solution-like antagonistic microorganisms and salts. The salts may be any as long as they serve as nutritional sources for the antagonistic microorganisms, and examples of such salts include potassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride. Can be mentioned.

In addition, the mixing ratio (weight ratio) of the above antagonistic microorganisms and the above salts
is preferably 1/2 to 115.

The water-soluble paper used in the present invention is usually made of CMC-Na and wood pulp, etc., and is quickly dissolved in water. The water-soluble paper usually has a molecular weight of 20 to 120.
g/rdO is preferred.

Preferably, the antagonistic microorganism or the mixture is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the water-soluble paper, and the amount of dispersion is 5 to 20 g/po in the case of the antagonistic microorganism alone, and 20 to 20 g/po in the case of the mixture. During dispersion, which is preferably 50 g/bo, powdered antagonistic microorganisms are dispersed onto the surface of the water-soluble paper using a dispersion means such as a hopper, and the solution-like microorganism is applied onto the surface of the water-soluble paper. distributed by

In addition, when pressing the water-soluble paper onto the water-soluble paper in which the above-mentioned antagonistic microorganisms are dispersed, in order to improve the bonding between the water-soluble papers, a small amount of water is applied in advance to the bonding surface of the water-soluble paper to the extent that it will not dissolve and disintegrate. It is preferable.

Therefore, in the water-soluble paper for pest control of the present invention, the antagonistic microorganisms contained therein exhibit a strong control effect against plant pathogens (particularly soil-borne plant diseases) and/or plant parasitic nematodes. Moreover, the antagonistic microorganisms multiply using the water-soluble paper and salts as nutritional sources, and exhibit their effects even more strongly. Therefore, as the water-soluble pest control paper dissolves in the soil, it imparts antagonistic microorganisms to the soil and causes them to multiply, thereby preventing the occurrence of soil diseases and plant parasitic gland worm damage that impede continuous cropping, and preventing agricultural crops that cannot be continuously cultivated. It is particularly useful as a pest control agent in cultivating agricultural crops.

The antagonistic microorganisms used in the present invention may be cultured not only in the liquid culture described above but also in solid culture.

Next, a method for producing the water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. Incidentally, FIG. 1 shows a manufacturing apparatus suitably used to carry out the method of the present invention.

The apparatus for manufacturing the water-soluble paper for pest control of the present invention includes a first unwinding section 2 that unwinds the water-soluble paper 1, and a position that is separated by a predetermined distance from the first unwinding section 2 and winds up the water-soluble paper 1. A winding section 3 is provided. Further, the manufacturing apparatus includes the first
A hopper 5 located slightly downstream of the unwinding section 2 and spraying antagonistic microorganisms or mixtures (hereinafter referred to as "antagonistic microorganisms") 4 onto the surface of the water-soluble paper 1 from above; and a hopper 5 downstream of the hopper 5. A second unwinding unit 7 is located on the side and unwinds the water-soluble paper 6 onto the surface of the water-soluble paper l on which the antagonistic microorganisms 4 have been sprayed.
and a pair of upper and lower rolls 8.8 for superimposing the water-soluble paper 6 unwound from the 28th unwinding section 7 onto the surface of the water-soluble paper l unwound from the first unwinding section 2; .8 and the winding section 3, and includes a pair of upper and lower pressing rolls 9.9 that press the two overlapping sheets of water-soluble paper 1.6 with a predetermined pressure. Note that 10 is a water supply unit that sprays water onto the lower surface of the water-soluble paper 6.

Next, one embodiment of the method of the present invention using the above-mentioned manufacturing apparatus will be explained. When the paper is unwound from the unwinding section 2, the antagonistic microorganisms 4 are scattered onto the surface of the water-soluble paper 1 by the hopper 5. When the water-soluble paper 1 sprayed with antagonistic microorganisms flows down, the water-soluble paper 6 unwound from the second unwinding section 7 is overlapped by a roll 8.8 with water applied to the lower surface by the water supply section 10. Next, the two water-soluble papers 1.6 containing the antagonistic microorganisms 4 are pressed and integrated by a pressure roll 9.9, and the water-soluble paper for pest control of the present invention is wound up in the winding section 3.

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be explained based on the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the same extent by these examples.

Example 1 Water-soluble paper (trade name Deizolbo) was added to the potato decoction liquid medium.
Trichoderma viride (Trichodera
de), and Arthrobotrys oligospora, a microorganism that has antagonistic properties against plant parasitic nematodes.
botrys oligospora) (IFO-9
436), Dactylella a
p) was cultured.

Separately, the microorganisms were cultured in a potato broth liquid medium under the same conditions except that the water-soluble paper was not added.

Thereafter, the bacterial types of each of the cultured microorganisms were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

According to the results shown in Table 1 below, it can be seen that microorganisms grow more clearly in the medium to which water-soluble paper is added than in the medium to which water-soluble paper is not added.

Example 2 PDA and PDA to which 0.1% water-soluble paper was added were each poured at 20ad per Petri dish, and Dactylella s.
p) and cultured at 25°C for 14 days.

Thereafter, the bacterial flora on the plate was cut out into 1×11 pieces, and the number of nematode-trapping circular organs formed in the hyphae was counted.

As a result, in PDA with 0.1% water-soluble paper added, 5
While 5±25 trapping organs were observed, formation of only 22±2 trapping organs was observed in PDA, indicating that the water-soluble paper increases the nematode trapping activity.

Example 3 Potato decoction liquid medium to which 0.1% water-soluble paper was added was dispensed in 100+d portions into 50C1d Sakalo flasks, and after sterilization, Dactylella la sp.
) was inoculated and cultured with shaking at 28°C.

After one week, the culture was filtered through gauze to collect the bacterial cells.
1% monosodium glutamate, 10% per flask
5 mi of skim milk mixture was added and vacuum freeze-dried to obtain dry bacterial cells.

Example 4 Rice bran extract (100 g of rice bran was added with 1.5 N of water, 1 g of water was pressurized at 120°C for 20 minutes, and then filtered using gauze as a filter cloth) Il was mixed with 0.1 potassium phosphate.
% and 0.05% magnesium sulfate were added, and dispensing and sterilization were carried out in the same manner as in Example 3.

Subsequently, Fusarium fungi (P.
Bacillus that is antagonistic to Bacillus usarium 5pp)
Bacillus Iicheni
formis), Trichoderma viride (Tricho
derma virjde) and Aspergillus tellurius (Aspergllus tsrreuS) were inoculated, and cultured with shaking at 28°C.

After one week, Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus tellurius were filtered through a cotton jersey cloth, and the resulting Kokutai was filtered onto the filter cloth.
The precipitates obtained by centrifugation at 00 rpm for 10 minutes were freeze-dried under vacuum to obtain dried bacterial cells.

Example 5 The antagonistic microorganisms prepared by the methods of Examples 3 and 4 were powdered, and using the manufacturing apparatus shown in Figure 1, water solutions for controlling plant pathogenic and plant parasitic nematodes were prepared as follows. Got paper.

A uniform amount from the hopper (5g/nt~50g/n?
) of antagonistic microorganisms or a mixture of antagonistic microorganisms and salts is sprinkled on water-soluble paper, and one side is coated with 5g/rrr~0.1g/r.
Water-soluble papers with a basis weight of 30 g/rK coated with water (d) are layered and pressed together using a pressure bonding machine at a pressure of 2 kg/c- to 50 kg/cd to produce the above-mentioned water-soluble paper for pest control.

Example 6 Dactyislla sp., which has antagonistic properties against plant parasitic nematodes, was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5.
) A water-soluble paper for pest control containing 10 g/rrr was prepared.

Next, the control effect on root knot nematodes was investigated using the water-soluble paper for control. That is, soil contaminated with root knot nematodes was placed in a diameter of 15 cm.
m clay pot for up to 8 minutes, then spread the water-soluble paper containing the antagonistic microorganism cut into IOM on top of it, cover it with nematode-contaminated soil, sow cucumbers, and root after 40 days. The number of root knot nematodes formed was measured, and the control effect was examined based on the number formed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

According to the results shown in Table 2 below, it can be seen that the number of knots per test plant using the water-soluble pest control paper of this example was significantly lower than that of the control.

Table 2 Example 7 Antagonistic microorganisms of Trichoderma, Bacillus, and Aspergillus prepared in the same manner as in Example 5.

A water-soluble pest control paper containing g/nf was prepared.

Next, the control effect on cucumber vine blight was investigated using the water-soluble paper for control. That is, the cucumber vine splitting fungus was cultured by shaking and inoculated into diluvial soil at a number of 2 to 3 x 10' bacteria per 1 g of dry soil, and a test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 6 to determine its control effect. The control effect was investigated using the number of dead butterflies. Figure 2 shows the results. In this example, 10 pots were used in each plot, and 10 cucumber seeds were sown in each pot, and the seeding was repeated three times. In addition, the values shown in Figure 2 are 21 hours after sowing.
This was obtained by conducting an investigation after a day had passed.

According to the results shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the disease attack rate in the soil using the water-soluble pest control paper of this example is much lower than the disease attack rate in the untreated soil.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes obtained by the production method of the present invention, it does not pollute the environment, is harmless to humans and livestock, and is effective against living organisms in the soil that are harmful to plants, i.e., plants. Pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes can be controlled.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIG. 1 is a side view showing the concept of an apparatus suitably used in the method for producing a water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes of the present invention, and FIG. It is a graph showing the relationship between soil using various water-soluble papers for pest control and disease incidence in the soil. 1.6; Water-soluble paper 4; Antagonistic microorganism (or mixture)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A water-soluble paper that can be rapidly dissolved in water, and a microorganism dispersed on the surface of the water-soluble paper that is antagonistic to plant pathogens or plant parasitic nematodes, or a salt added to the microorganism. 1. A water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, comprising a mixture and a water-soluble paper bonded to the above-mentioned water-soluble paper in which the microorganism or the mixture is dispersed. (2) A microorganism that is antagonistic to plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, or a mixture of the microorganism and salts added thereto, is sprinkled onto the surface of water-soluble paper that can be quickly dissolved in water, and the water-soluble A method for producing a water-soluble paper for controlling plant pathogenic bacteria or plant parasitic nematodes, which comprises bonding papers together.