JPH03148092A - Electronic clock - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To intend reduction of electric power consumed at a booster circuit by providing a controlling circuit to activate or to shut off a voltage transforming circuit transforming voltage of an electricity storage measure correspondingly to a heavy load or a light load. CONSTITUTION:A multi-staged booster circuit 7 switches connecting conditions of booster condensers 8 and 9, a capacitor 3 and a auxiliary condenser 10, and transfers electric charge of the capacitor 3 to the condenser 10 in order to boost the voltage. Also, the circuit 7 is able to switch four kinds of boosting rate, that is, 3 times, 2 times, 1.5 times and 1.0 times, for instance, and the boosted voltage is stored at the condenser 10. A voltage detection circuit 11 of the condenser 10 has two reference voltages and is constituted in such a way that, when the detected voltage is getting higher than one of the two reference voltages, boosting rate is made to be decreased, whereas when the detected voltage is getting lower than the other reference voltage, the boosting rate is made to be increased. In this way, the circuit 7 is activated to maintain the voltage of the condenser 10 during the heavy load time such as an output time of motor driving pulse and the like, and also the circuit 7 is shut off during the light load time, and therewith realization of low consumption of electric power can be intended.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application J] The present invention relates to a control circuit for a power supply section of an electronic wristwatch having one power generation device.

rPrior art] A conventional wristwatch with a generator is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-203887.
As described in , the voltage of a secondary power supply such as a high-capacity capacitor (hereinafter referred to as a capacitor) that stores the generated energy was boosted by a booster circuit and used as the drive source for the clock. This is because the operating time of the watch can be extended.

[Problem to be solved by the invention J] For products with small driving loads such as wristwatches, it has been common to use a charge pump system in which the capacitors are repeatedly connected as a step-up circuit due to its high conversion efficiency. . However, in order to transfer the charge of the capacitor and boost the voltage, the charge inevitably passes through the switching element, which causes heat loss. Also, - clock IC for boat fishing.
MOS-F is used as a switching element in
ET, and in order to repeat that ON10 F F,
Inevitably, charging and discharging the gate capacitance also consumes current.

In an electronic wristwatch that includes a power generator, it is necessary to keep power consumption as low as possible, and the present invention aims to reduce the power consumed by a booster circuit.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a power generation means, a power storage means for storing electrical energy obtained from the power generation means, a voltage conversion circuit for converting the voltage of the power storage means, and a voltage conversion circuit for converting the voltage of the power storage means. An electronic wristwatch comprising a capacitor that is charged with the output voltage of a voltage conversion circuit and serves as a driving power source, wherein the electronic wristwatch has a control circuit that activates or stops the voltage conversion circuit depending on whether the load is heavy or the load is light. It is characterized by

[Function 1] According to the above configuration of the present invention, when the electronic wristwatch is under a heavy load such as when outputting modal drive pulses, the voltage conversion circuit is operated to maintain the voltage level of the capacitor that serves as the drive power source, and at the same time When under load, the control circuit can stop the operation of the voltage conversion circuit. As a result, the capacitor serving as the driving power source maintains the voltage level when the load is light, and the operation of the voltage conversion circuit is stopped, thereby providing an electronic wristwatch having a power generation means with low power consumption. Can be done.

[Example] In order to describe the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of a power-generating electronic wristwatch according to the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a generator coil, and an alternating current induced voltage by the generator is generated across the coil. 2 is a rectifier diode that performs half-wave rectification of the AC induced voltage, and charges the rectified power into a high-capacity capacitor 3. 4 is a limiter 3W element for preventing overcharging of the capacitor 3, which is turned on when the voltage Vge of the capacitor 3 (hereinafter, the voltage value of the capacitor 3 is defined as Vie) reaches a predetermined voltage VLlffl. This is to bypass the electric power generated in the power generation coil 1. Limiter setting voltage ■L11I
is set to be greater than the maximum voltage required by the circuit system and within the rated voltage of the capacitor 3. 7 is a multi-stage boost circuit, with a boost capacitor of 8.9
．． By switching the connection state of the capacitor 3 and the auxiliary capacitor 10, the charge of the capacitor 3 is transferred to the auxiliary capacitor 10, thereby realizing voltage boosting. Moreover, the multi-stage booster circuit 7 is 3 times, 2 times, 1.5 times, 1
It is possible to switch between four types of boosting magnification, and the boosted voltage is charged to the auxiliary capacitor 10. The circuit is operated by the voltage v88 of the auxiliary capacitor 10 (hereinafter, the voltage value of the auxiliary capacitor 10 is defined as ``■''). By employing such a multi-stage booster circuit 7, the operating voltage value of the circuit system is optimized. 11 is a detection circuit that detects the voltage of the auxiliary capacitor 10, and the rear lens pressure is V, , < Va. .

There are two values, V up and v6゜□, which have the following relationship, ■
, is v6°. If it exceeds V mg, lower the boosting factor and
If becomes lower than V up, increase the boost magnification.
The detection result is output to the multi-stage booster circuit 7. 12 is a clock circuit, which includes a crystal oscillator 1 having an original vibration of 32768H.
Oscillator circuit that drives 3, frequency dividing circuit, motor coil 1
4, and includes a motor drive circuit that drives the voltage V E
, is operating. The motor coil 14 is for driving a stepping motor for rotating the pointer 6
An immediate start circuit is composed of 15 shorting transistors and 16 series resistors, and V xe is a predetermined voltage V oN.
When the temperature is lower, an immediate start operation is performed, but the details will be described later. ■Yo. are the aforementioned VLI□,■. It is the v, c detection circuit 6 that detects that the value has reached 8.

The aforementioned Vup, V. The hierarchical relationship with wn is as follows: voN<vup<vII6wI, <vL, □. The circuit has been briefly described above, and from now on, the detailed operation of each part and its effects will be described.

First, the principle of the alternator used in this embodiment will be explained using FIG. 2. Reference numeral 15 denotes a means for generating rotational torque, which is composed of a rotating weight whose center of rotation and center of gravity are eccentric.

The rotational motion of the rotating means 15 is accelerated by the speed increasing gear train 16, and the low gear 17 as a power generation mechanism is rotated. The rotor 17 includes a permanent magnet 17a, and a stator 18 is arranged to surround the rotor 17. The coil 1 is wound around a magnetic core 19a, and the magnetic core 19a and the stake 18 are fixed with screws 20. As this rotor 17 rotates, the coil l has i=
A current expressed as is generated.

N: Number of turns φ of the coil, number t of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic core 22a: Time R: Resistance of the coil W: Rotational speed of the rotor 17 L: Coil noise inductance This electromotive force is an alternating current having a substantially sinusoidal curve. Further, the rotor 17 and the hole in the stator 18 surrounding it are concentric circles and surround the rotor 6 silica stone over almost the entire circumference. This makes it possible to minimize the force (gravitational torque) that tries to stay in a certain place.

Next, a specific example of multi-stage boosting will be shown using FIG. The horizontal axis shows time, and the vertical axis shows the voltage V0 of capacitor 3 (
(dotted line) and the voltage v of the auxiliary capacitor 10 (solid line).

Mata, mentioned above (7) V ON+ V Llp+ V l
Iown and V Llfi are each set as follows.

VoN = 0.4V V,, = 1.2V ■6゜□ = 2.0V VLII11 = 2, 3 V Here, the section from t0 to t6 is a charging period with the generator mainly operating, After t6, it is assumed that no power is being generated, and it becomes a discharging period. Although the charging period and the discharging period are shown on the same time scale in FIG. 3, in reality, the charging period is on the order of several minutes, and the discharging period is on the order of several days. jo'=j;+, and tl. The subsequent steps are an immediate start state and will be described later. V we
3 from tl when V ge exceeds 0.4v.
The voltage becomes a double boost state, and the voltage of vgex3 is charged to . When further charged, V□ is 2.0v at t2
reach. Therefore, the boosting magnification drops by one step and becomes twice boosted. Thereafter, as charging progresses further, V□ increases to 2.0 at ts and t4, respectively. OV is reached and ■□ is 2. Since the voltage has become OV, the boost magnification will be lowered by one step. That is, t1 to t2 is a 3-fold boost, t2 to t3 is a 2-fold boost, and t
From 3 to t4, the voltage is increased by 1.5 times, and from t4 to t7, the voltage is increased by 1 times. Note that when boosting the voltage by a factor of 1, the voltage increases as V * c = V z g, but at this time, even if V□ reaches 2.0V, the boost magnification does not change6. tS-t increases and becomes v, c=v□=2.3V
At s, with the limiter Sw element turned on, 2,
Make sure that the voltage does not rise above 3V. Next, in the discharge period after t6, 1.2V becomes the switching point of the boosting magnification. In other words, the voltage decreases, ■, yo = 12
When it becomes (2), the boosting ratio is increased by one step to boost the voltage by 1.5 times.

Hereafter, v8. Every time the voltage drops below 1.2V, the boosting factor increases by one step. Therefore, t to t8 is a 1.5-fold boost, t8 to t9 is a 2-fold boost, and t to t+o is a 3-fold boost. By adopting such a boost system,
Vit, the driving power source of the watch, is Vac≧0,4■
Under these conditions, 1.2V or more can always be ensured and the operating time of the watch can be extended. Note that V, (1
, 2V) is set to the lowest operating voltage of the stepping motor for the circuit and pointer, and even if there is no voltage step-up, ■. If the system uses the driving voltage as ■. =1.2V or more,
In other words, the clock only works during the period from tll to t, and during the charging period, it takes a long time for the clock to start working.
During the discharge period, the time until the clock stops becomes shorter, making the clock undesirable for the user. Furthermore, V. Since N (0,4V) is the voltage at which 3-fold boosting is activated, it is obvious to set the condition that VONX3≧V up. Also, VLl, (2,3V
), the withstand voltage of the capacitor 3 used in this example is 2
．． Since the voltage was 4V, I took some margin and set it to 2.3V.

Next, the specific configuration of the multistage booster circuit 7 is shown in FIG.
r l-T r t is F for connecting the capacitor
ET, and the on/off of this FET is controlled by a boost clock of 1 KHz. The broken line block 32 is a known up/down counter, and the combination of its 2-bit outputs SA and SL holds a four-value boosting factor. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between SA, S, and boosting magnification. M,, p input to the up/down counter 32 are signals output from the system output circuit 11, and become clock pulses that are output when ■□ falls below V, (1, 2 V). 0'' is active. Similarly, Mao** is a clock pulse that is output when v□ exceeds V, . . . (2, OV). In this way,■
□The output of the detection circuit 11 is used to switch the boosting magnification. From now on, "0" and "1" will be used in the explanation of logic signals.
Using the expression, "0" is one side of the auxiliary capacitor lO (V, , (11+1), and rlJ is the + side (VO5 side) of the auxiliary capacitor 10. 33 is the boost reference signal In the creation circuit, from the standard signals φIK and φ2KM output from the period divider, CLI and C, which are boosted reference signals, are generated.
l3 is output. 34 is a switching control circuit;
Figure 6 shows a timing chart for each step-up magnification, which is a circuit operation of 0 or more that outputs the decoded signals from CLI, Cl3, SA, and SIl and controls the switching of Tr+ to Trt. FIG. 7 shows an equivalent capacitor connection diagram for each boosting factor. In Figure 6, when TrI becomes l, TrI
This means that l is turned on. Figure 6(A) shows the switching control signal when boosting the voltage by 1 times, and the TrI is 3.4.
．． 61. is always on. At this time, the capacitor equivalent circuit becomes as shown in Figure 7 (A), where all the capacitors of 3.8.9 and lO are connected in parallel, and the capacitor 3
The voltage V we and the voltage V tm of the auxiliary capacitor 10
becomes equal to 1 2. FIG. 6(B) shows the switching control signal when boosting the voltage by 1.5 times, and in the section (A), Tri, n
, a are turned on, and in the section (b), Tr2.4°6,7 are turned on. Figure 7 (B) shows the capacitor equivalent circuit when the voltage is boosted by 1.5 times, and in the section (A), the boost capacitor 8.
9 are each charged with 0.5xVsc, and in the section (b), 1,5XV@e which is the sum of ■, e and 0,5 father V, c
is charged to the auxiliary capacitor lO. Similarly, in (C) of FIGS. 6 and 7, TrI, a, s, and t are turned on in the section (a), and T in the section (b) when the voltage is boosted twice.
ra, 4°51. is turned on, and as a result, the auxiliary capacitor IO is charged with 2×vsc. In addition, (D) is when the voltage is boosted three times, and in the section (a), TrI, s, s, and t are on, and in the section (b), TrI, s, s, and t are on, and in the section (b), Trx, 4. +t is turned on, and as a result, the auxiliary capacitor lO is charged with 3×V,c.

The signal “OFF” in FIG. 4 means that V m c≦v0,
(0,4V), that is, in the immediate start state, it becomes 1, in which case the output of the boost reference signal generation signal 33 is stopped, all of Tr1 to Trry are turned off, and the boost is not performed. , also up-down counter 32
The outputs SA and Sll are both initially set to 1, so that when the immediate start is canceled, the voltage starts from a triple boost. Further, the signal °°OFF"' is a signal that controls a function that is a feature of the present invention, and when the signal "off" is 0, that is, in the boost operation state, the signal "Off" is turned off again.
This is a signal for controlling the 1 state and 0 state of ", and switching the voltage boost on and off. The concept of its operation is shown in Figure 8 (a).
), (b), and Fig. 8 (a) shows the case where the voltage is constantly boosted in the boosted state, and when the motor drive pulse is output, the voltage of the auxiliary capacitor lO drops, and after the motor drive pulse is output again, This figure shows how the voltage of the auxiliary capacitor IO returns to the predetermined boost level.6 The multi-stage booster circuit 7 of the present invention is operated by transferring the charge of the capacitor 3 to the auxiliary capacitor IO as shown in FIG. However, when the load taken out from the auxiliary capacitor IO increases due to motor drive pulse output, etc., the charge transfer speed cannot keep up and the voltage of the auxiliary capacitor IO drops temporarily.However, except when the motor drive pulse is output, the load becomes lighter, the charge transfer ability prevails, and the voltage level of the auxiliary capacitor 10 is restored. Figure 8(b) shows that the multi-stage booster circuit is turned on/off by the °゛OFF''' signal.
In general, in the case of analog clocks, the load level is at most IL when the morph is being driven.
LA, except when driving the morph, it is 0.1 to 0°3μ8 degrees, and the voltage of the auxiliary capacitor 10 can be sufficiently maintained by operating the booster circuit only before and after driving the motor, and without operating the booster circuit at other times. It is possible to hold the for example,
If the capacity of the auxiliary capacitor 10 is 10 μF, the load current other than when driving the motor is 0.2 μA, and the step-up off period is 0.5 seconds, the voltage drop of the auxiliary capacitor lO will be approximately It is not within the range that affects the operation,
That is, if the auxiliary capacitor 10 is set to a certain value or more depending on the load current, it becomes possible to maintain a sufficient voltage level except when the load is heavy. With this, the following effects can be achieved. The boost-off period is T r in Fig. 4.
Since the gate signals l to Try are stopped, it becomes possible to eliminate loss due to charging and discharging current of the gate capacitor, leading to lower power consumption. Particularly in a wristwatch equipped with a power generator like the one of the present invention, this has the great effect of making the watch easier to operate even when power generation conditions are poor. Also, of course,
Trl~Tr? Eliminating heat loss during charge transfer due to odor also leads to lower power consumption.

FIG. 9(a) shows a circuit diagram for synthesizing the timing of the 'OFF' signal and motor pulse output in the present invention, and FIG. 9(b) shows a time chart thereof.
φIHz, "φ2M"932M"°,"°φ64M
” is a signal obtained by dividing the frequency based on the reference signal obtained by the crystal 13, 35 is a known differentiation circuit, and °°φIH
The "OFF" signal is kept at O level for 250□ from the fall of "z" to the rise of °°φIM. From the rise of °φ32M” to °φ64M”
Motor pulses are output during 3.9□, C until the falling edge of . In other words, the motor pulse is 'OFF'° is 0.
It will be output in the section where the voltage is boosted at the level. In addition, the pressure is not increased in the 750°sec section where OFFoooo is Lebel, thereby producing the above-mentioned effect.

In addition, in the multi-stage booster circuit 7 of the present application, the boosting ability decreases as the voltage increases from 1.5 times to 2 times to 3 times.
By changing the duty of 'OFF' according to each boosting factor, a more optimized effect can be produced. Figure 10(a) is a specific circuit diagram of the same.
FIG. 0(b) is the time chart. The boost magnification is determined by the combination of SA and S in FIG.
When (SA, SB)=(1,0), that is, 1.
When boosting the voltage by 5 times, SX+,i'' of the decoder circuit 37 in FIG. 10(a) is selected, and as a result, the differentiating circuit 38 is selected, as shown in FIG. 10(b).
OFF"' is 250□.0, and boosting is performed during that time. Similarly, when (SA, S,) = (0, 1), that is, double boosting, °' S x of the decoder circuit 37
*°゛ is selected, the differentiating circuit 39 is selected, and "OF'" is at 0 level during 375, . . . , and boosting is performed during that time. (SA, Ss
) = (1, 1), that is, when the voltage is tripled, S x x'' of the decoder circuit 37 is selected, and the OR gate 4
0 means "OFF"' is 500. , , becomes 0 between c,
During this time, the pressure is increased. In this way, stable system operation can be realized by lengthening the period in which the voltage is boosted each time the voltage boosting capability decreases.

Next, the immediate start circuit will be explained. The purpose is to: At the transition point where v and c go from less than 0.4V to more than 0.4V,
This is to enable a smooth and reliable transition to boost operation.

Boosting needs to start at the above transition point, but
In order for boosting to start, the oscillation circuit must be oscillating and the circuit must be operating. However, the voltage at the transition point is as low as 0.4V, and of course the voltage is not boosted up to the transition point, so the circuit cannot operate. Furthermore, if the transition point is set at the voltage at which the circuit can operate, there is no point in introducing the boost system. In order to solve the above problems, the immediate start circuit has the following functions at the transition point:
It was possible to increase the V□ voltage to a high voltage using a method different from the booster circuit.

Its specific circuit configuration is shown in FIG. If the V ic detection circuit 6 detects that V,e<VON (0,4V), the "off" signal becomes 1 and the shorting transistor 18 is turned off. In addition, the off signal performs the initial setting of the booster circuit in FIG. 4, and the TrI-Tr? Turn off all. When the generator operates in this state, a charging current i will flow to the capacitor 3, but at that time, the series resistor 16 has a resistance value X
A voltage drop of 1=v occurs. In other words, only when i is flowing, the voltage of V x sc is applied to the auxiliary capacitor lO
It spans both ends of. Also, when starting immediately, Trs, T r4
is off, but the parasitic diode 43 allows the auxiliary capacitor 10 to be charged with the voltage of V+v86. The auxiliary capacitor 10 also serves as a smoothing capacitor, and henceforth, the auxiliary capacitor 10
If y+Vic is charged, circuit operation becomes possible. The resistance value of the series resistor 16 is such that its resistance value X1=v is V.

, (1,2V) or more. In addition, the "off" signal is set in the circuit so that it becomes "1" even when oscillation is stopped and the circuit is not operating, so there is no problem with starting the immediate start circuit. In addition, ■, wa■. If the voltage exceeds N and enters boost operation, short T
r l 8 is turned on to prevent extra impedance from being added to the charging path consisting of the generator coil 1, rectifier diode 2, and capacitor 3, thereby increasing charging efficiency. Also, when V tc rises and exceeds the transition point, it naturally means that the generator is also operating and charging current is flowing, so it is an immediate start operation, and as a result, at the transition point, V- Therefore, according to the present invention, the circuit system is operating at the transition point, and it has become possible to smoothly and reliably shift to the step-up operation.

This concludes the detailed description of the present invention, but this is merely an explanation of one embodiment of the present application, and slight changes in numerical values, changes in circuit system, etc. do not depart from the gist of the present application. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to generators that use solar cells.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by simply adding a simple on/off control circuit to the booster circuit, it is possible to stop the operation of the booster circuit except when outputting motor pulses. It became possible to reduce power consumption. This means that the output energy is smaller than the input energy for the electronic wristwatch with the power generating device, and a great effect can be obtained. Specifically, the watch lasts longer, and if you take your watch off on weekends or when you go to bed at night, the probability that your watch will stop when you try to put it back on is reduced. Furthermore, if the product specifications are such that it lasts for the same duration as conventional products, it is possible to reduce the capacitance of the capacitor, contributing to miniaturization and lower prices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall circuit diagram of the electronic wristwatch of the present invention. Figure 2 shows the principle of the generator. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of boosting operation. FIG. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a multistage booster circuit. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit storage method for boosting magnification. FIG. 6 is a time chart diagram of a multi-stage booster circuit. FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a capacitor connection in a multistage booster circuit. FIG. 8(a) is a diagram showing the relationship between motor pulses and auxiliary capacitor voltage. FIG. 8(b) is a diagram showing the auxiliary capacitor voltage when the booster circuit is turned on/off according to the present invention. FIG. 9(a') is a circuit diagram for controlling the on/off timing of the booster circuit. FIG. 9(b) is a time chart diagram explaining the operation of FIG. 9(a). FIG. 1O(a) is another circuit diagram for controlling the on/off timing of the booster circuit. FIG. 10(b) is a time chart diagram explaining the operation of FIG. 10(a). that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] a power generation means, a power storage means for storing electrical energy obtained from the power generation means, a voltage conversion circuit for converting the voltage of the power storage means, and a voltage conversion circuit connected to the output of the voltage conversion circuit and charged to the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit. An electronic wristwatch that has a capacitor and uses the capacitor as a driving power source, characterized in that the electronic wristwatch has a control circuit that activates or stops the voltage conversion circuit under heavy loads and under light loads. electronic clock.