JPH0314726B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention enables the removal of loose materials such as municipal waste and earth and sand.
This invention relates to a transportation device that uses two screws to transport the vehicle.

Conventionally, in this type of transportation device, the walls of the conveyor casing and the hopper walls are fixed, and when bulky items such as municipal waste are stored, bridging occurs due to arching by the waste itself on the side walls, and the bridging is released. This resulted in a decrease in work efficiency. In addition, in order to release bridging in these hoppers, there are examples in which a part of the side wall of the hopper is made movable using cylinders, but even if only the hopper is moved, the hopper section or transport section below it cannot be moved. Because of the lack of the bridging, the bridging occurred again at the lower hopper section or was caught at the transport section, resulting in no sufficient bridging release effect.

In the present invention, the conveyor case beside the screw and a part of the side wall of the hopper section move together with the screw shaft in a direction perpendicular to the screw shaft.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a transport device that can prevent or quickly eliminate the bridging phenomenon at the hopper portion, while eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional devices.

In addition, in the conventional double-screw transport device, large items such as cardboard boxes and garbage bags are placed on the blades of the two screws and become floating, which improves transport efficiency and trash destruction effect. There was some interference.

The present invention provides biting blades on the back blade surfaces (anti-transportation direction) of the two screws, eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional screws, improves the swallowing effect of large garbage, and improves transportation efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a transport device that can improve the effectiveness of destroying trash.

To explain the present invention with reference to drawings, FIG. 1 shows an example of a municipal waste incineration facility, in which waste stored in a pit 1 is dumped into a hopper 4 by a bucket 3 of a crane 2, and is used as a transportation device. The dust is supplied to the incinerator 6 by a dust supply device 5. In the incinerator 6, the fluidizing air supplied by the blower 7 is blown upward from the distribution plate 8 into the furnace, hits the inclined wall 9 and becomes a swirling flow 10 in a vertical plane, dislodging fluidized media such as sand. A two-layer swirling fluidized bed is formed by flowing along this line. This swirling fluidized bed allows the waste to be burnt well in a short period of time without hindering its fluidization, and high combustion efficiency can be obtained even without prior pulverization.

11 is a combustion exhaust gas duct, 12 is a non-combustible material discharge device, 13 is a vibrating sieve, 14 is a conveyor for discharging lump non-combustible materials, and 15 is an elevator for collecting a fluid medium such as sand.

In the dust supply device 5, 16 is a garbage inlet;
Reference numeral 7 indicates an outlet for garbage after the bag has been torn, 18 indicates an outlet for large incombustible materials that are not allowed to enter the incinerator 6, and 19 indicates a return chute.

The structure of the dust supply device 5 is as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The conveyor case 20 has a garbage inlet 16.
A hopper 4 is connected through the hopper 4, and an outlet 17 for garbage is provided at one end of the lower part, and an outlet 18 for discharging lump-like non-combustible materials that are not allowed to be thrown into the incinerator 6 is provided at the other end. Inside the conveyor case 20, there are two screws that rotate in opposite directions, and that during normal operation rotate in the forward direction so that their upper sides approach each other, are held parallel to each other, and are twisted in opposite directions. 21,2
2 is provided. The pitch of the screw blades 23, 24 of the screws 21, 22 is larger in the right group of screw blades 23, 24 on the outlet 17 side than in the left group of screw blades 23, 24 in FIGS. 2 and 3. It's summery.

The shaft of one screw 22 is supported by bearings 25 and 26 at a foot position relative to the conveyor case 20, and is directly rotated by a motor 27 via a shaft joint 27'. Screw 2 during normal operation
2 rotates forward in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from the motor 27 side, and the screw 21 rotates forward in a clockwise direction.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3. The movable bearing box 34, like the movable bearing box 35, is supported as shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 2. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the screw 21 has cylinders 28 and 2 operated by fluid pressure.
9, the movable bearing boxes 34 and 35 move along the slide rail 33 held by the slide rail mounting plate 30 arranged horizontally on the paper surface of FIG. 5 and fixed to the end plates 31 and 32 of the conveyor case 20. It is supported by moving bearings 36 and 37 fitted into the.

The movable bearing 36 is fitted into the movable bearing box 34 so as to be allowed to move in the axial direction, and the collar 38 is fixed by a setscrew 38' screwed into the female thread in the radial direction of the collar 38 which is fitted into the screw 21. A cover 41 is fixed to the movable bearing box 34 in the axial direction and has a shaft sealing material 39 in an inner circumferential groove. 40 is a shaft sealing material.

The outer ring of the tapered roller bearing is held down by a cover 42 that is fitted and fixed to the movable bearing box 35 so that the movable bearing 37 does not move in the axial direction toward the movable bearing box 35. It is fixed by a lock nut 44 so as not to move in the axial direction. 4
5 is a shaft sealing material. End plate 3 of conveyor case 20
The portions through which the screws 21 of No. 1 and 32 are inserted are elongated holes 31' and 3 to allow movement of the screws 21.
2' is open.

The bearings 25 and 26 are housed in bearing boxes 46 and 47 fixed to end plates 31 and 32, respectively.
Covers 49 and 51 are fitted and fixed to 47, respectively.
The bearing boxes 46, 47 and the cover 49 are made of shaft sealing materials 52, 5.
3 and 54 respectively seal the shaft of the screw 22, and the bearing 25 is fitted into the bearing box 46 so as to be allowed to move in the axial direction, and is fitted onto the shaft of the screw 22 and fixed with a machine screw 55. Axial movement is stopped by a collar 56, the outer ring of the bearing 26 is held down by a bearing box 47 and a cover 51 to prevent it from moving in the axial direction, and the inner ring is held by a lock nut 58 that is fitted onto the shaft of the screw 22 via a lock washer 57. Fixed. Since the cylinders 28 and 29 are configured to be displaced by equal distances by means of a known synchronized hydraulic circuit (not shown), the screw 21 moves parallel to the screw 22 and the distance between the axes l ₁ to l _{2 is changed} . It is now being adjusted to

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, one side of the wall of the conveyor case 20 beside the screw 21 becomes a movable wall 61 guided by a guide portion 59 so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw 21. ing.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom of the conveyor case 20 has a sloped bottom 62 on the screw 22 side like the bottom of a boat except for the garbage outlet 17 and the discharge port 18, and a chevron-shaped sloped bottom 63 between the screws 21 and 22. A movable inclined plate 64 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the movable wall 61 symmetrically to the inclined bottom 62.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the screw 2
Links 65 and 66 are rotatably fitted into the shaft ends of motors 1 and 22 on the motor 27 side, respectively.
5 and 66 are rotatably connected by a shaft 67 fixed to a link 65, and a gear 69 that meshes with a gear 68 fixed to the shaft end of the screw 21 is rotatably fitted into the shaft 67. A gear 72 that is rotatably fitted onto a shaft 71 fixed to the link 65 is engaged with the gear 69, and the gear 72 is engaged with a gear 73 fixed to the shaft end of the screw 21. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
Even if the distance l ₁ between the axes of screws 1 and 22 changes to the distance l ₂ between the axes as shown in FIG.
7. Since the shafts 71, 67 and the distance between the shaft 71 and the axis of the screw 22 do not change, the rotation of the screw 22 is transmitted to the screw 21. The gears 68 and 73 have the same number of teeth and rotate at a constant speed in opposite directions.

10A and 10B are schematic longitudinal sectional views taken along the line EE in FIG. 2. The hopper 4 consists of an upper square funnel-shaped part 4a and a square tube part 4b, and the square tube part 4b is arranged at right angles to the axis on both sides of the wall and the screws 21 and 22, including the side with the leader line 4b. The end plate is a vertical fixed wall on three sides, and the other side is an inclined wall 4c that widens toward the end, and the inner side wall is a movable side wall 75. The movable side wall 75 is pivotally attached to the fixed wall of the hopper 4 by a hinge 76 on the outside of a lip 74 that extends between both end walls of the square tube section 4b provided at the boundary between the square funnel-shaped section 4a and the square tube section 4b. An auxiliary wall 77 is pivoted to the movable side wall 75 by a hinge 80 on the movable wall 61 at a position where the distance between the axes of 21 and ₂₂ is the minimum l1, and the auxiliary wall 77
The support frame portion of the movable wall 61 is pivotally attached to the movable wall 61 by a hinge 78 so that the movable wall 61 is substantially horizontal in FIG. 0A.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, the moving wall 61
A bearing box 79 is fixed to the bearing box 79 by bolts and nuts 81, and a bearing cap 82 is fixed to the bearing box 79 by bolts 81.
3, the bearing box 79 and the bearing cap 8
A bearing metal 84 that slides on the shaft portion of the screw 21 is housed in the screw 2 so as not to rotate. This bearing box 79, bearing cap 82, bearing metal 8
Reference numeral 4 is located near the inside of both end plates 31 and 32 of the conveyor case 20, and when the screw 21 is kept parallel to the screw 22 by the cylinders 28 and 29 mentioned above and the distance between the shafts is changed, the bearing metal is used as the screw 21 moves. 84, the moving wall 61 is moved via the bearing box 79 and the bearing cap 82, and the center distance between the screws 21 and ₂₂ in _FIG . If you change the auxiliary wall 77 around the hinge 78,
rotates counterclockwise, and the movable side wall 75
The moving side wall 75 and the auxiliary wall 77 rotate around the hinge 80 in the clockwise direction, and the moving side wall 75 and the auxiliary wall 77 rotate around the hinge 80.
It will look like Figure 0B. Similarly, the state shown in FIG. 10B returns to the state shown in FIG. 10A as the center distance changes from _l2 to _l1 .

A suitable mechanism for parallel movement of the cylinders 28 and 29 is, for example, the mechanism shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 188990/1983.

In this embodiment, the movement of the movable side wall 75 is carried out by the movable wall 6.
1 is restrained to the screw 21 via a bearing, but in another embodiment (not shown), the movable wall 61 may be moved using a moving means separate from the movement of the screw 21. Also, in the embodiment, only the screw 21 was moved, but the screw 2
1 and 22 may be moved away from each other toward both sides, and movable side walls 75 may be provided on both sides.

With the above-described structure, when garbage breaks out in the rectangular tube portion 4b of the hopper 4, the movable side wall 75 is moved to widen the distance between the opposing fixed side wall, that is, the cylinder 28 , 29 to move the movable bearings 36, 37 away from the bearings 25, 26, the screw 21 moves away from the screw 22, and the movable wall 61 moves away from the screw 21 via the bearing box 79, bearing cap 82, and bearing metal 84. As it moves, it slides on the guide part 59, so as mentioned above, the
From the state shown in FIG. 10B to the state shown in FIG. 10B, the distance between the movable side wall 75 and the opposing fixed side wall is widened, so that the debris that has been bridged will not lose support between the movable side wall 75 and the opposing side wall, and will not be able to move onto the screws 21, 22 or Since it falls during that time, the bridge can be released extremely quickly. In particular, since the movable side wall 75 widens the inside of the hopper 4 with its upper end as the center, there is no possibility that the rod-shaped object will change its inclination and bridge again.

FIG. 11 is a drawing showing means for achieving the second object of the present invention, and is a sectional view including part of the axis of the screw blades 23, 24 of the screws 21, 22;
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line FF in FIG. 11. In the figure, the screws 21 and 22 are commonly used, and the reference numerals that follow represent the screws 21 and 22. The screw blades 23 and 24 are the shafts 2 of the screws 21 and 22.
1a and 22a are wrapped with elongated flat plates so that the cross sections thereof are perpendicular to the axis, and in FIG. 11, a surface 23a in the transportation direction that propels the transported object when it moves to the right due to the rotation of the screws 21 and 22. ,2
11. On the surfaces 23b and 24b in the opposite transport direction opposite to 4a, there are reinforcing ribs 85a and 86a, respectively, and diamond-shaped biting blades 8 whose plate surfaces correspond to the paper surface of FIG.
5 and 86 are the shafts 21a and 22a and the screw blades 23 and 2
It is welded to 4.

FIG. 14 shows the mounting arrangement of the biting blades 85, 86. As shown in FIG. 14, screw wings 23, 24
The biting blades 85, 86 located at opposing positions are arranged so as to perform biting action alternately, and are arranged in appropriate pairs in the longitudinal direction of the screws 21, 22 with different pitches.

By adopting such a configuration, the transportation capacity was improved and stabilized, and the bag-breaking effect was further improved.

In addition, when the biting blades 85 and 86 are attached to a normal screw, the garbage may get stuck together and cannot be transported due to being bitten, but it moves to the screw (escape).
The mechanism of the present invention works very effectively to bring dirt between the screw blades 23 and 24.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view including the shafts of the screws 21 and 22 showing another embodiment of the biting blade. In this embodiment, screw blades 23, 24 and shafts 21a, 22
The biting blades 85 and 86 are welded with the plate ends touching a, and the biting blades 85 and 86 have large angles and arcs 8.
Rounded at 5', 86'. The arrangement is the same as shown and described in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9, both ends of the screws 21 and 22 are screwed in opposite directions to the screw blades 23 and 24 so that the workpiece does not go into the holes in the end plates 31 and 32 through which the screws 21 and 22 are inserted. Feather 94,
95, 96, and 97 are provided. Therefore, screw blade 2
When the screws 3 and 24 send the waste to the waste outlet 17, the screw blades 94 and 96 face each other and send the waste back to the outlet, and when the screws 21 and 22 are reversed, the screw blades 95 and 97 send the waste to the discharge port 18. Large and unprocessable garbage is sent back to the bearing metal 84 to protect the bearing metal 84 and prevent garbage from coming out of the conveyor case 20.

As shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic cylinders 28 and 29 are of a cylinder type with piston rods protruding from both sides of the cylinders, and are equipped with a dog 88 at the end of the piston rod. Micro switch 8 is set so that it operates at the maximum position during steady state.
9 and a cylinder 28 as shown in FIG.
Either a pressure switch 91 is attached to measure the supply pressure of the motor 27, or an overcurrent detector 9 is installed to detect the load current of the motor 27.
2, and the motor 27 is reversed by a reversing control device 93 which is operated by a signal from the pressure switch 91 or a signal sent when a current value exceeding a certain value from the overcurrent detector 92 occurs. When a large object such as a lump of iron or stone is caught between the holes 22 and 22, it is rotated in the opposite direction, sent to the discharge port 18, and returned to the bit 1 through the chute 19. At that time, the screws 21 and 22 are set to move wider than the steady maximum distance between the axes, and the cylinders 28 and 29 are deenergized, or the screws 21 and 22 are
The fluid control circuit is switched so as to widen the interval between cylinders 1 and 22, and pressure fluid is supplied to cylinders 28 and 29.

By doing this, if large indestructible garbage gets caught between the screws 21 and 22, the garbage is automatically returned to the original garbage bit, so the operation is stopped and the operating rate is reduced. There is no such thing as letting it happen.

As described above, in the transport device of the present invention, since the side wall of the hopper is made movable together with the movable wall of the conveyor case, bridging within the hopper can be prevented and the bridging can be quickly released. Since the constant maximum distance between the screw axes and the allowable expansion force between the screws are detected and the screw drive motor is reversed, large debris caught between the screws is automatically returned to the bit. Since a biting blade is provided on the back of the screw blade, large pieces of garbage such as cardboard and garbage bags are bitten by the back blade and rolled into the screw without remaining on the screw.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a waste incinerator, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a dust supply device, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is an enlarged left side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is an enlarged BB-B sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are views of 2. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD in Fig. 2, Fig. 10 is A,
Figure 0B is a schematic sectional view taken along line E-E in Figure 2, Figure 11 is an installation diagram of the biting blade, and Figure 12 is taken along line F-F in Figure 11.
A sectional view, FIG. 13 is an installation diagram of another embodiment of the biting blade, and FIG. 14 is an arrangement diagram of the biting blade. 1... Pit, 2... Crane, 3... Bucket, 4... Hopper, 4a... Square funnel-shaped part, 4b
... Square cylinder part, 5 ... Dust supply device, 6 ... Incinerator,
7...Blower, 8...Dispersion plate, 9...Slanted wall, 1
0...Swirling flow, 11...Combustion exhaust gas duct, 12
...Incombustible material discharge device, 13... Vibration sieve, 14...
Conveyor, 15...Elevator, 16...Garbage inlet, 17...Garbage outlet, 18...Discharge port, 1
9... Return chute, 20... Conveyor case,
21, 22... Screw, 23, 24... Screw blade, 25, 26... Bearing, 27... Motor, 2
7'...Shaft joint, 28, 29...Cylinder, 30
...Slide rail mounting plate, 31, 32... End plate, 33... Slide rail, 34, 35... Moving bearing box, 36, 37... Moving bearing, 46, 47
... Bearing box, 59 ... Guide part, 61 ... Moving wall, 62, 63 ... Inclined bottom, 64 ... Moving inclined plate, 65, 66 ... Link, 67 ... Shaft, 68,
69... Gear, 71... Shaft, 72, 73... Gear, 75... Moving side wall, 76... Hinge, 77...
...Auxiliary wall, 78...Hinge, 79...Bearing box, 8
0... Hinge, 82... Bearing cap, 84...
Bearing metal, 85, 86... biting blade.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two screws are rotatably held horizontally and parallel to each other in a conveyor case, and a part of the conveyor case beside the screws is perpendicular to the axis of the screws. In a transportation device comprising a hopper that is a movable wall that moves in a direction and that stores waste at the top of the screw, the side wall of the hopper moves together with the movable wall in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw. A transportation device characterized by a side wall. 2. Claim 1, in which at least one of the two screws is a movable screw and a movable wall that move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw, and the movable side wall moves together with the movable screw and the movable wall.
Transportation equipment as described in Section 1. 3 The two screws have opposite twisting directions and are equipped with a drive device so as to rotate in opposite directions,
A fluid pressure cylinder is provided that supports the force of pushing and expanding the screw of the book by applying force in the direction perpendicular to the axis of a movable bearing that supports the force at both ends of the screw. A pressure switch that detects the working fluid pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder or a detector that detects the current value of the screw drive motor detects when the fluid pressure exceeds the maximum pressure or the motor current value a motor reversal control device operated by a signal issued when a maximum load current is exceeded and a switch for detecting the piston position of the fluid pressure cylinder is activated; It is equipped with a fluid pressure control circuit that de-energizes or expands the distance between the axes of the screw so as to move the object backwards, and the object is transported backwards, and the object is discharged from the outlet provided on the opposite side between the outlet of the transported object and the hopper. A transportation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transportation device is configured to discharge the transportation device. 4. The transportation device according to claim 1, wherein biting blades are provided on the back surfaces of the blades of the two screws.