JPH0313785A - Control system of drying of grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the loss of fuel while obviating the deterioration of the quality of grains by lowering and controlling a hot-air temperature to a fixed temperature on the basis of grain density and the temperature difference of the hot-air temperature and an exhaust-air temperature and increasing and controlling air quantity only by a fixed quantity and drying grains. CONSTITUTION:Grain density is detected by a density detector 5, a dried hot-air temperature before passage through a drying chamber 2 is detected by a hot-air temperature sensor 3, and an exhaust-air temperature after passage through the drying chamber 2 is detected by an exhaust-air temperature sensor 4. The dried hot-air temperature is lowered and controlled to a fixed-temperature low-temperature by these detected grain density and temperature difference between the dried hot-air temperature and the exhaust-air temperature while the outside air is increased and controlled only by a fixed air quantity and grains are dried. Accordingly, the loss of fuel is prevented, and the deterioration of the quality of grains can be obviated.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Conventionally, grains are dried by flowing them down in a drying chamber and repeatedly circulating them, passing hot air generated from the drying chamber Heburner and outside air, and exposing them to this drying hot air. When the grain moisture content is high, the hot air temperature is controlled to be low for a predetermined period of time from the start of drying, and at the same time, the intake air volume is controlled to be high to dry the grains.Drying control It was a method.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated by flowing down inside the drying chamber, the drying hot air, which is a mixture of the hot air generated from the drying chamber Heburner and the sucked outside air, passes through the drying chamber. The grains flowing down are exposed to this drying hot air and dried.

Depending on the grain moisture at the start of drying, for example, if the grain moisture is high, the hot air temperature will be controlled to a low level for a predetermined period of time from the start of drying, and at the same time the amount of outside air taken in will be controlled at a low level. The grain is dried under controlled conditions, but in the early stage of drying, if the grain has a large amount of stems attached to it or a large amount of foreign matter is mixed in, the density of the grain is coarse. If the grain density is coarse, as in There were times when dry hot air was lost and fuel was wasted.

Means for Solving the Problems This invention provides a drying chamber (a drying chamber) in which grains are dried by passing hot air from a burner (Mr. 11) and outside air while flowing down the grains.
2), a hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the hot air temperature before ventilation in this drying chamber (2), an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the exhaust air temperature after ventilation in this drying chamber (2), And a density detection device that detects the density of dried grains! (5) In a grain dryer equipped with the following, the grain density detected by the density detection device (5), the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) The drying control method is characterized in that the temperature of the hot air is controlled to decrease by a predetermined temperature based on the temperature difference between the exhaust air temperature and the exhaust air temperature detected by the hot air, and the air volume is controlled to increase by a predetermined amount for drying.

Effect of the invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated by flowing down inside the drying chamber (2), dry hot air, which is a mixture of the hot air generated from the burner (1) and the drawn outside air, passes through the drying chamber (2). As a result, the grains flowing down in the drying chamber (2) are exposed to this drying hot air and dried.

During this drying operation, the grain density is detected by the density detection device (5), the temperature of the drying hot air before passing through the drying chamber (2) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the temperature of the drying hot air before passing through the drying chamber (2) is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3). ) is detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4), and based on the detected grain density and the temperature difference between the dry hot air temperature and the exhaust air temperature, the dry hot air temperature is set to a predetermined low temperature. At the same time, the outside air is controlled to increase by a predetermined amount, and the grains are dried.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the drying hot air temperature is controlled to be lowered and the intake outside air is controlled to be increased based on the grain density and the temperature difference between the drying hot air temperature and the exhaust air temperature. By drying the grains, it is possible to prevent fuel loss, and at the same time, by using a large air volume at a low temperature in the early stage of drying, it is possible to prevent the quality of the grains from deteriorating.

Example On the ward side, (6) is a grain dryer, and the mechanism (7) of this dryer (6) has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and consists of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates. A burner case (9) containing an operating device N (8) for starting and stopping the dryer (6) and a burner (1) is installed on the wall plate, and the outside of the lower plate of this burner case (9) is equipped with a fuel A fuel pump (10) having a valve is provided, and by opening and closing the fuel valve, the fuel pump (10) sucks fuel in the fuel tank (11) and supplies it to the burner (1). On the outside, there is a blower (12) and a variable speed blower motor (
13), and the rotation of the blower motor (13) drives the blower It (12) to supply combustion air commensurate with the supplied fuel to the burner (1), and the rear wall plate There is an exhaust fan (14), an exhaust fan motor (15) that drives the exhaust fan (10) with variable speed rotation, and a valve motor (18).
This configuration includes a deceleration mechanism (17) and the like.

A grain collection gutter (18) equipped with a transfer spiral in the front-rear direction is provided in the center of the inner lower part of the Ja wall (7).
8) On the upper side, drying chambers (2) formed between the ventilation networks are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other, and in the lower part of each drying chamber (2) there is installed a feeding valve (19) for feeding and flowing down the grains. can be,
A hot air chamber (20) is formed between the inner sides of each drying chamber (2) and is communicated with the burner (1), and the hot air temperature inside the hot air chamber (20) is detected. The hot air chamber (of the hot air temperature sensor (3) and density detection device N (5)
3) Pressure sensor (21) that detects the internal pressure (Pin)
A ventilation chamber (22) is formed outside each drying chamber (2), and each ventilation chamber (22) and the ventilation fan (14) are communicated with each other. The chamber (22) is equipped with an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of the exhaust air inside the exhaust chamber (22).
) and a pressure sensor (23) that detects the pressure (P out ) in the exhaust chamber (22) of the density detection device (5).
), and each feeding valve (19) is rotationally driven by the valve motor (16) via the deceleration mechanism (17).

The hot air generated from the burner (1) and the outside air passing around the burner (1) are mixed to form dry hot air, and this dry hot air is circulated across each of the drying chambers (2).

A storage chamber (24) is formed on the upper side of each drying chamber (1) and communicated with each other, and a ceiling plate (25) and a transfer gutter (26) equipped with a transfer spiral are provided on the upper side of this storage chamber (20). A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber (20) is provided in the center of the transfer gutter (26), and a supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber (20) is provided below the supply port.
This configuration includes a diffusion plate (27) that uniformly diffuses and returns grains into the inside of the container.

The grain raising machine (28) is installed in the front part of the front wall plate, and inside the packet conveyor (29) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys, and between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter (2B). A discharging tube (30) is provided and communicated with the lower end and the grain collection gutter (18).
) A supply gutter (31) is provided to communicate with the terminal end of the shell. ) in the packet conveyor (2i3) belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer trough (26), the spreader plate (27) and the packet conveyor (23), and the transfer in the grain trough (18) via the belt tracker. It has a configuration in which a spiral or the like is rotationally driven, and the center part in the vertical direction receives grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor (29). A moisture sensor (33) for detecting moisture in grains is provided, and each part of this moisture sensor (33) is rotated by a moisture motor (30) provided inside.

The operating device (8) has a box shape, and the surface plate of the box has the dry aI! Each start switch (35) is operated to start the burner (6), the stop switch (36) is operated to stop it, and each switch is operated to set the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (1) according to the operating position. Temperature setting adjustment (37), moisture setting machine (38) that sets the finishing target moisture according to the operating position, grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (33), and hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3). , display window (3B) that alternately displays remaining drying time, etc.
and a monitor display, etc., and a drying control device (4
0) and combustion control equipment! (41),
Each of the settings (3?), (37), and (38) is of a rotary switch type, and is configured to set a predetermined value depending on the operating position.

The combustion control device (41) includes the hot air temperature sensor (3).
, the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) and the density detection device (5)
), an AD converter (42) that converts the detection values detected by the pressure sensors (21) and (23) from AD to AD;
An input circuit (43) to which the converted value converted by this A-D converter (42) is input, an input circuit (44) to which the operation of each temperature setting knob (37) is input;
43) A CPU (45) that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from (44).
The configuration includes an output circuit (46) that receives and outputs various commands from the CPU (45), and this output circuit (4B) controls the fuel pump (10), the blower motor (13), and the The configuration is such that the exhaust fan motor (15) and the like are started and the rotational speed is controlled.

The drying control device at (40) includes the moisture sensor (3).
3) an A-D converter that converts the detected value detected by A-D converter;
An input circuit into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter is input, each of the switches (35), (35), (35),
(38) and an input circuit into which the moisture setting operation (38) is input, and the CPU which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input manually from these input circuits.
(45) The configuration includes an output circuit that receives and outputs various commands from the CPU (45), and this output circuit operates the valve motor (1B), the grain raising machine motor (32), and the grain hoist motor (32). The configuration is such that a moisture motor (30, etc.) is started.

The combustion control device! The combustion control and air volume control according to No. 1 (41) are performed as follows. The hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) is input to the CPU (45), and this detected hot air temperature and each of the above Temperature setting knob (3
7) is compared with the set hot air temperature input to the CPU (45), and if there is a difference, the number of openings and closings of the fuel valve is controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature. This configuration controls the amount of fuel sucked in by the fuel pump (10). The pressure (Pin) in the hot air chamber (20) detected by each of the pressure sensors (21) and (23) is 1, for example, 920 mmAq, and the pressure (Pin) in the hot air chamber (22) is detected as 1, for example, 920 mmAq.
When the internal pressure (Pout) is detected as 40 mmAq and inputted manually to the CPU (45), the pressure ratio (H) is calculated as 0.5 from the following formula (a), and the pressure ratio ( H) = Pressure (P in) / Pressure (Pout)・
...(a) This calculated pressure ratio (H) 0.5 and the grain moisture 2 at this time
The structure is such that the grain density is detected from 5%, and this detection is performed by setting and storing the grain density in the CPU (45) according to the pressure ratio (H) and grain moisture, as shown in Figure 2. From the density, the grain density is 600 Kg1g', and as shown in Figure 3, the CP
This is a configuration in which the grain density set and stored in U (45) by grain moisture classification is compared, and the stored grain density is 650 Kg/7 when the grain moisture is 25%. Memory grain density 650 Kg/fat 1 Detected grain density 6
00 Kg/lIJ is rougher, and is configured to be detected by the combustion control device (41) when the dry hot air is not properly ventilated. The hot air chamber (
20) is detected as, for example, 55°C, and the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) detects the hot air temperature (TB) in the exhaust chamber (
22) When the exhaust air temperature (TE) is detected to be 30°C and input to the CPU (45), the temperature difference (T) is calculated to be 25°C from the following formula (b). Yes.

Temperature difference (T) = Hot air temperature (〒8) - Exhaust air temperature (Tri... (B) = 55-35 = 20 This calculated temperature difference (T) 20℃ and grain moisture 25 at this time
% and the temperature difference (T) 28°C set and stored in the CPU (45) according to grain moisture classification as shown in Fig. 4, and this calculated temperature difference (T) 20°C is compared. ℃ is smaller than the setting memory temperature difference (T) of 28℃, so if the dry hot air is not used effectively, the combustion control device (41
).

Further, as described above, when it is detected that the grain density is coarser than a predetermined value and at the same time it is detected that the temperature difference (T) is also smaller than a predetermined value, the combustion control device (41) adjusts each temperature setting. Set hot air temperature (TB) set by operating Komi (37)
The fuel valve and the fuel pump (10) are controlled in the same manner as described above so that the temperature is lowered by 4 degrees Celsius to 51 degrees Celsius, for example, and at the same time, the amount of dry air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (10) is 0. .Set the rotation speed of the exhaust fan motor (15) in the CPU (45) so that it increases to the 0.88 layer J/S that was set and stored in the CPU (45). The configuration is such that the predetermined rotation speed stored in the memory is controlled to increase the rotation speed.

The drying control by the drying control device (40) is performed when the moisture sensor (33) detects the same grain moisture as the grain finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting device (38). The dryer (6) is automatically controlled by a drying control device (40) to automatically stop the drying of the grains.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

Control device! (8) Settings (37), (37), (
The grain dryer (
6), the burner (1), the moisture sensor (33), etc. are started, hot air is generated from the burner (1), and the dry hot air, which is a mixture of this hot air and outside air, is sent from the hot air chamber (20) to the drying chamber. (2) is cross-ventilated and passed through the ventilation chamber (22) to exhaust Ja(
14), this dryer (6)
The grains stored in the storage chamber (24) are stored in the storage chamber (24).
The grains are exposed to this hot air and dried while flowing down from the drying chamber (2) from 0 to the drying chamber (2), and are fed out to the lower part by the delivery valve (19) and flowed down to be supplied into the grain collection gutter (18). Gutter (18)
From there, it is transferred and supplied into the grain raising machine (28) through the supply gutter (31) by the lower transfer spiral, and then conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor (29), and then through the dispensing tube (30) and into the transfer gutter (26). The water is supplied from the transfer gutter (26) onto the diffusion plate (27) by the upper transfer spiral, and is evenly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (24) by the diffusion plate (27), where it is circulated and dried. When the moisture sensor (33) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting/removal (38), the drying control bag 21 (40) of the operating device (8) automatically The dryer (6) is automatically stopped under control.

During this drying operation, the pressure sensor (
21) The hot air chamber (20) (7) Pressure (P in)
is detected, the pressure (Pout) of the exhaust chamber (22) is detected by the pressure sensor (23), the pressure ratio of these detected pressures is calculated, and the grain is determined based on this calculated pressure ratio and the grain moisture at this time. The grain density is detected, and at the same time the detected grain density is detected to be coarser than the set grain density, the hot air temperature is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) is detected. The wind temperature is detected, the temperature difference between the detected hot air temperature and the detected exhaust air temperature is calculated, and if this calculated temperature difference is detected to be smaller than the set temperature difference, the set hot air temperature is changed to the set hot air temperature, for example. At the same time, the temperature is controlled to a low temperature of 4℃, and the drying air volume is 0.63cm/s, 88 raj
/s, and the grains are dried by the hot air controlled to a low temperature and the increased amount of drying air.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a relationship diagram between pressure ratio, grain moisture, and grain density, and Fig. 3 is a diagram of the relationship between grain moisture and grain density. Relationship diagram with density, 4th
The figure is a diagram of the relationship between grain moisture and temperature difference, Figure 5 is an overall side view of the grain dryer that can be partially cut away, Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 5, and Figure 7 is the FIG. 8 is a rear view of a portion of the grain dryer, and FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway front view of a portion of the grain dryer. In the figure, (1) is a burner, (2) is a drying chamber, (3) is a hot air temperature sensor, (4) is an exhaust air temperature sensor, and (5) is a density detection device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] There is a drying chamber (2) in which grains are dried by passing hot air from a burner (1) and outside air while flowing down, and this drying chamber (2).
2) Hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the hot air temperature before ventilation
), this drying chamber (2) is equipped with an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the exhaust air temperature after ventilation, and a density detection device (5) that detects the density of dried grains. , the grain density detected by the density detection device (5), the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the exhaust air temperature sensor (
4) A drying control method characterized by controlling the temperature of the hot air to decrease by a predetermined temperature based on the temperature difference with the exhaust air temperature detected by 4), and controlling the air volume to increase by a predetermined amount for drying.