JPH031281A - Surface temperature display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a temperature display screen easily visible by providing a display control means for displaying the latitude line and the longitude line being orthogonal to a display screen of a display device. CONSTITUTION:A receiving and demodulating part 1 receives a radio wave containing ground level (containing a sea level, as well) temperature information measured by a satellite which is boradcast from this satellitc and demodulates it to an analog voltage signal corresponding to a temperature. An A/D converter 2 converts the analog signal to a digital signal corresponding to its level, and a buffer memory 3 stores picture element data brought to digital conversion by a necessary area portion. A display control circuit 4 controls a display timing, etc., of a CRT 7 by controlling write and read-out of a display memory 5, and displays the latitude line and the longitude line being orthogonal to a display screen of a display device 7. In such a way, a temperature display device which corresponds to a map displayed on the display device 7, and also, displays the latitude and the longitude being orthogonal without a distortion is obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field This invention relates to a device for displaying a water surface temperature distribution map used in fishing, etc., and in particular an image processing device for creating a temperature distribution map based on surface temperature information transmitted from a satellite. Regarding.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This type of image processing apparatus receives and demodulates a ground surface temperature distribution image broadcast from a satellite using VHF radio waves, and converts it into an analog voltage signal indicating the temperature level.

An analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by an A/D converter, and each pixel data is stored in a memory.

The stored data is read out from the memory as pixel data in synchronization with the display cycle on a CRT (cathode ray tube).

According to the pixel data value, a look-up table memory in which display color data is written in advance is referred to, and the corresponding pixel is colored and displayed on the CRT display screen according to the value.

The contents of the lookup table can be changed arbitrarily, and by the above processing, points (pixels) at any temperature level can be displayed in any desired color.

The latitude and longitude of the image received from the satellite are calculated using the orbit data of the satellite, which is prepared separately, and the latitude and longitude lines are displayed in a superimposed manner.

By specifying the address of a pixel, the latitude, longitude, and temperature of that pixel can be calculated. By specifying the latitude and longitude, the address of the corresponding pixel can be calculated.
You can know the temperature at that point.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventionally, in this type of temperature display device, the latitude and longitude lines superimposed on the received image have been displayed in different shapes for each reception due to the relationship between the orbit of the satellite and the rotation of the earth. I had to curve it.

Furthermore, since the earth's surface is a curved surface, the curvature of images received at the same point must differ depending on the distance from the satellite orbit, but conventionally, both latitude and longitude lines were not corrected at all. This makes it difficult to compare images received at different times, making it difficult to understand temperature distribution and temporal changes at actual locations on land and at sea, and making it difficult to predict future temperature changes. There was a problem.

Another problem was that the latitude and longitude lines were obliquely distorted, making it difficult to determine the direction of the destination.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature display device that is compatible with a map displayed on a display device and that displays orthogonal latitude and longitude without distortion. shall be.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention receives surface temperature information measured by a satellite and transmitted from the satellite, and uses this surface temperature information to display the temperature in units of pixels of a predetermined size by color or density. An image processing apparatus for displaying a temperature distribution map on a display device is characterized in that a table/water control means for displaying latitude lines and longitude lines orthogonal to the display screen of the display device is provided.

Embodiment In FIG. 1, a reception demodulation section I receives radio waves broadcast from a satellite and includes information on the temperature of the ground surface (including sea surface) measured by the satellite, and demodulates it into an analog voltage signal corresponding to the temperature. The A/D converter 2 converts the analog signal into a digital signal according to its level. The buffer memory 3 stores digitally converted pixel data in a required area.

The display control circuit 4 controls writing and reading of the display memory 5 and controls the display timing of the CRT 7 and the like.

The lookup table 6 is generated by the comprehensive control calculation circuit 8.
Each R-G-H display level data corresponding to each pixel level data is written, and according to the pixel level data read out from the display memory 5, the display color data of the pixel is output to the CRT display device. The CRT display device 7 displays each pixel in the color according to the display color data. A general control arithmetic circuit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 8 controls reading and writing of the buffer memory, controls instructions such as display conditions to the display control circuit, controls writing display color data to the lookup table, and writes data from the buffer memory to the display memory. Gives data transfer instructions, etc. Further, pixel data is read from the buffer memory 3, and after arithmetic processing, the data is stored again in the buffer memory or written to the display memory 5 via the display control circuit 4.

IO is a keyboard equipped with keys for outputting various commands, and its signals are applied to the CPU 8.

The temperature information of the earth's surface measured by the satellite is expressed by the above device in a color corresponding to each temperature, and from the position information of each point obtained separately from this temperature information, the CRT display device 7
The map figure and the temperature at each point are displayed in color on the RT screen, and when the map is not enlarged, it is displayed as shown in FIG. 17, and when it is enlarged, it is displayed as shown in FIG. 18.

The signal processing for obtaining the temperature distribution diagrams shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is the same as that known in the art, so detailed explanation will be omitted.

In the present invention, the noise removal processing section and the smoothing section for smoothing the boundaries between mosaics and shapes are implemented using, for example, CP.
It is provided in U8 and will be explained below.

1. Key manual interrupt processing In step S1, the operating key is identified, the menu selected from it is identified, and execution is moved to various processing routines.

The structure is such that addition/deletion of menu items and transfer of execution to the selection menu can be easily performed using conventional technology.

The various processes in steps 82 to S7 wait again for key human power after the execution process, so the various processes can be executed redundantly. That is, noise removal step S8. The smoothing step s9 and the isothermal line processing step SIO can be performed on images received from a satellite and on reproduced images received and recorded in the past. Further, noise removal, smoothing, and isothermal processing can be performed simultaneously.

Note that the display memory 5 uses VRAM, and this VRAM
The data used in the CPU 5 is processed by the temporary buffer memory and the buffer memory 3, and the data processing is as follows.

- The image data has 1024 dots per I line, making the total 1024 lines.

・One dot is 8-bit data.

・The top line number is 0 and the bottom line number is 1023.

- For each line, the dot number is 0 at the left end and 1023 at the right end.

・B (○, ○) two-pixel data address There are two lines of 1024 dots/line.

・T (○, Q) two-pixel data address 2. Noise removal The following method was used for noise removal in this example.

Table 1 (2) Pay attention to the pixel on which the processing operation is performed and its adjacent pixels.

■The pixel to be processed is E, and the surrounding pixels are shown in Table 1.
As shown in .

0 The pixels A to ■ are arranged as shown in Table 1 in order of decreasing value.

(2) Store the value of the pixel in the middle position as the value after E processing.

■Repeat ■~■ for other pixels.

■When all pixel calculations are completed, the original data is replaced with the processed data stored in memory.

・From the above, calculation processing is a line! It is sufficient to perform the process from dot 1 to dot 1022 for each line from line 1022 to line 1022.

Next, each step of performing the above calculation will be explained.

In step S21, a processing start line number is set.

Next, in step S22, the subroutine [I LI NE
] also performs arithmetic processing for one line. The operation result data is stored in line l of the -time memory.

Next, in step S23, it is determined whether or not there is processed data in line 0 of the temporary memory.

If L>1, the operation result data of line (L-1) is present in line 0 of the -time memory. Since the data at (L-1) in the buffer does not need to be used later, it is replaced with the operation result data. (2) 7 is the line number of the scanning line on which the image is processed.

Next, in step S24, dot 1 of line O of the temporary memory is
The data of dot 1022 is transferred from the buffer line (L-
1) is transferred from dot 1 to dot 1022.

Next, in step S25, the data on the line (L-1) of the buffer is transferred to the line (L-1) of the V-RAM. As a result, the processed lines are displayed on the CRT according to the progress of the processing.

Next, in step S26, the data on line I of the temporary memory is transferred to line 0.

Next, in step S27, the line number of the buffer to be calculated next is set.

Next, in step S28, it is determined whether the calculation has been performed on all lines.

Next, in step S29, all line calculations are completed. The operation result data of the final operation line (lO22) is transferred from the memory to the buffer 6.

Next, step S30 is the same as step S25.

The processing of subroutine S22 is as follows.

The number is the dot number of the pixel to be processed.

In step S31, a processing start dot number is set.

1 by the subroutine [CALCU] in step S32.
Performs arithmetic processing for dots. The result of the operation is stored in the dot D of line l of the -time memory.

In step S33, a dot number to be processed is set.

In step S34, it is determined whether the calculation for one line has been completed.

3. Smoothing Next, an example of a smoothing method for smoothing mosaic-like boundaries that appear prominently when a temperature distribution image is enlarged will be described. That is, in this embodiment, a known smoothing expansion method using estimated value interpolation and supplementation was used.

As shown in FIG. 6, each one pixel AB, C,
D is expressed as A 11 , A I2 of the pixel using the following formula.
・・A nn, B + +, 13 + t-B n
By calculating the value of n, each pixel A11 to A ILL B +
Create an enlarged screen using +~Bnr+ etc.

A + + = A, B, + = B, C+
+ = C, D r l = DA1n = C++””
'1lx(nl) n=1.2.3-Nell A
ll ^n+=A+++ X(n-1) n=1
．． 2.3- Perform the subsequent (or horizontal) calculation after all N* (or vertical) calculations have been performed.

In FIG. 5, Z is the magnification factor of the image.

In FIG. 5, vertical (
Calculate the number of dots in V) and horizontal (H). (The remainder is discarded.) In step S42, the buffer data in the display area is transferred to the work buffer.

In step S43, the temporary memory is cleared to 0 so that 0 is written into unnecessary areas when storing the calculation results in the buffer.

Step S44. In S45, as the arithmetic processing progresses, the display start address is expanded to the reference address (B(0,0)) of the area where the processed data will be stored so that it will be displayed on the CRT in the same size as when processing was specified. Set the rate to 1x.

In step S46, a buffer address counter for storing data after the calculation is completed is set, and line L=OB (L, O).In step S47, the calculation start line number is set.

In step S48, the image is expanded horizontally by one line, and the result is stored in line l of the temporary memory.

In step S49, it is determined whether there is data in line 0 of the temporary memory.

In step S50, the data on line 0 of the temporary memory is expanded and stored in the buffer.

In step S51, the data on line 1 of the temporary memory is written to line 0.

In step S52, the work buffer line number to be processed next is set.

In step S53, it is determined whether all lines have been completed.

In step S54, the data of the last horizontally enlarged line remains in line O of the temporary memory, so it is transferred to the buffer.

In step S55, the data of 854 is transferred to the display memory 5 and displayed.

In step S56, there are still areas in the buffer and display memory 5 where unprocessed data remains, so these are cleared.

Next, the subroutine of step S42 will be explained with reference to FIG.

In this subroutine, buffer data in the display area is transferred to the work buffer.

I is the number of display dots in the original data (buffer data) in the horizontal direction. ■ is the number of display dots in the original data (buffer data) in the vertical direction. Lo is the original data line number of the display start pixel. Do is the original data line number of the display start pixel. This is the dataed soto number.

In step S61, the line number initial value is set.

The line counter is cleared in step S62.

In step S63, the dot number initial value is set.

The dot counter is cleared in step S64.

In step S65, data is transferred, and in step 366, the dot number is increased to +1 (next dot set).

Count the number of transferred dots in step S67, step S6
At 8, it is determined whether one line is finished.

In step S69, the line number is increased to +1 (next line set).

The line counter is incremented by 1 in step S70, and step S7
1 determines whether all lines are finished.

FIG. 8 shows details of subroutine HZOOM.

In step S72, a calculation start dot number is set.

In step S73, a difference value between dots during enlargement is calculated. N
Second line number, Z: enlargement magnification In step S74, the initial value of the enlargement calculation counter is set.

In step S75, the magnifier pixel value is calculated (rounded off).

In step S76, the data is stored in line l of the temporary memory.

In step S77, the number of enlargement calculations is counted.In step S7B, it is determined whether the original data for one pixel has been completed.

Set to the next pixel (with original data) in step S79.

In step S80, it is determined whether the enlargable pixel calculation is completed.

H: Number of horizontal original image dots In step S81, the last pixel is stored in temporary memory.

FIG. 9 shows details of subroutine V ZOOM.

In step S82, the calculation start dot number is set and sorted.

In step S83, the difference value between the dots and the dots at the time of enlargement is calculated.

Z: Enlargement magnification T (○, O) knee memory address In step S84, the enlarged calculation counter is initialized.

In step S85, the magnifier pixel value is calculated (rounded off).

In step 986, the calculated pixel value is stored in the pixel.

In step S87, the number of enlargement calculations is counted.

In step 888, it is determined whether the processing for one pixel is completed.

In step S89, the next pixel is designated.

In step S90, it is determined whether one line is finished.

By the above-described noise removal processing, the noise image shown by point Q in FIG. 18 is removed from the distribution map displayed on the CRT display device 7. Therefore, it is no longer confused with point R indicating an isothermal line, for example, and the screen becomes easier to see.

Further, by the smoothing process, the boundaries of the mosaic-shaped temperature distribution as shown in FIG. 18 can be expressed as smooth lines.

Next, creation of isothermal lines will be explained.

The buffer memory 3 stores the temperature level of each pixel as a value obtained by quantizing temperature information into any one of 0 to 255 levels. These temperature levels are grouped into a plurality of levels, for example, group G with 18 levels. , G7. ...
, G17, appropriate multi-stage thresholds are applied. ,Ll,...,L,6 are set.

The image data in the buffer memory 3 is copied to the display memory 5 (hereinafter referred to as V-RAM 5). The display color of each level is determined and the color data is written into the lookup table 6.

The pixel data value in the buffer memory 3 shown in FIG. Then store it as shown in Figure 11.

Note that in the case of the ■th line or the final line, 0 is replaced with pixel data in the buffer. For the first or final dot of each line, 0 is replaced with pixel data in the buffer. Then, around one pixel, for example, pixel E in Table 1, surrounding pixels B, D, F,
)-I, the Laplacian operation value E' for the pixel E is determined by the following formula.

E'=-B-D+4E-F-H Then, if E'≦0, the corresponding pixel data in the buffer memory 3 is replaced with 0. As for the pixel E'>0, as shown in FIG. 11d, the original pixel data 14°1021 remains as it is as data in the sofa memory 3, and all other pixels become 0.

The data in the sofa memory 3 rewritten as described above is copied to the V-RAM 5.

Then, isothermal lines are displayed on the CRT display screen of the CRT display device 7 based on the data written in the V-RAM 5.

Note that in the above process, the display color group numbers are numbered in descending order. The threshold level (lowest level of each group) setting value for each group is stored in a memory addressed by its group number.

Each threshold value is as shown in Table 2.

(Margin below) Table 2 Next, the above processing will be explained in more detail.

L is the image line number to be processed.

In step S91, a processing start line number is set.

In step S92, the subroutine [IL I NET]
Accordingly, calculation processing for l lines is performed. The operation result data is stored in line l of temporary memory.

In step S93, it is determined whether there is processed data in line 0 of the temporary memory. If L>0, the operation result data of line (L-1) is in line 0 of the -time memory.

Since the data on line (L-1) is unnecessary for the calculations after line (t, +1), it is replaced with the calculation result data.

In step S94, the data on line 0 of the -time memory is transferred to line (L-1) of the buffer.

In step S95, the data transferred to the buffer memory 3 is transferred to the same V-RAM 5. As a result, the processed lines are displayed on the CRT as the processing progresses.

In step S96, the data on line 1 of the -time memory is transferred to line 0.

In step S97, the line number of the buffer memory 3 to be calculated next is set.

In step S98, it is determined whether all line calculations have been performed.

In step S99, all line calculations are completed. The calculation result data of the final calculation line (line 1022) is transferred from the temporary memory to the buffer memory 3.

Step 5100 has the same effect as step S95.

In step 5tot, all data in line 1023 of the buffer is set to O. This means that all the dots on the outermost periphery of the image have become 0.

In step 5102, the above data is transferred to the V-RAM 5 and displayed.

The details of the subroutine ILINET in Fig. 12 are explained in the first section.
Shown in Figure 3.

D is the dot number of the pixel to be processed.

In step SZt, the - time memory is once cleared to 0 in order to set the outermost dot of the image to 0. Thereafter, in this routine, no data other than 0 is written to dot 0 and dot 1023 of line 0 of the temporary memory.

In step 5112, a calculation start dot number is set.

In step 5113, the subroutine [CALCU T
] performs Laplacian calculation processing for one pixel. The result of the operation is stored in dot D of line 1 of the -time memory.

In step 5114, the dot number of the next pixel to be processed is set.

In step 5115, it is determined whether or not the calculation for line (2) has been completed.

FIG. 14 shows the subroutine CALCUT.

B(○, O) indicates a pixel address in the buffer.

T(0,○) indicates the pixel data address of the memory at the time of the operation result.

L and D are line numbers and dot numbers of processing pixels.

In step 5121, work memories M(1) to M(5
) reads the pixel to be processed and the pixel data above, below, left and right of it.

In step 5I22, M(1) to M(5) are converted into temporary pixel values based on display color group numbers. (subroutine[
C0LORN]) In step 5123, a Laplacian operation is performed.

In steps 8124 to 5I26, if the operation result is greater than 0, the original pixel data is read from the buffer and stored as processed data in the operation result-time memory. If the calculation result is less than or equal to θ, 0 is stored in the temporary memory as processed data.

M(1) to M(5) in step 5121 are pixel data regarding pixels arranged as shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 shows details of subroutine C0LORN.

In this figure, a (N,) is display color group N.

The lowest level, M(N,), is pixel data to be replaced with the display color group number N,=1 to 5°.

Note that the method for receiving temperature information from the satellite is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1, and various other methods can be used. Furthermore, various Laplacians can be used to create the isothermal diagram.

Further, in step 86'', Sll, orthogonal coordinate conversion processing of latitude lines and longitude lines is performed.

This orthogonal coordinate conversion process between latitude lines and longitude lines will be explained in detail below.

In step 5201, the number of vertical (V) and horizontal (H) dots in the original data (puber data) of the image displayed on the CRT is calculated. (Round down the remainder) Use that value as the basic number of dots. (Z: Enlargement magnification) In step 5202, the X and Y addresses of the four corner points of the CRT display on the buffer RAM are determined.

Step S 203 L: Ite, XY To L
Using L, the latitude and longitude of the four corner points of the CRT display are determined in the same way as in the prior art.

In step 5204, the maximum and minimum values of the latitude and longitude of the four corner points are determined, and these values are used as the upper and lower latitude and longitude limits PA, PB, PC, and PB (the second
(see figure 0).

In step 5205, the range of change in latitude and longitude per dot is determined.

In step 8206, each pixel data in the processing area is read from the buffer and stored in the work buffer.

In step 5207, smoothing enlargement is performed by interpolation and complementation of estimated values according to the enlargement magnification.

Since the necessary data has already been stored in the work buffer, the processing from ① in the smoothing flowchart is performed here.

FIG. 21 shows the process of reading pixel data in the processing area from the buffer RAM and storing it in the work buffer.

■I: Number of dots in the horizontal direction of the processing area; ■Number of dots in the vertical direction of the processing area; I, ONφ: Longitude of the reference pixel (upper left corner); LANφ:
Latitude of reference pixel (upper left corner): HD OT: Longitudinal width per dot: VDOT: Latitude width per dot.

Step 5211+Set the iron and line number initial values.

In step 5212, the latitude value of the processing line is calculated.

In step 5213, the initial value of the dot number is set.

In step 5214, the longitude value of the processed dot is calculated.

5212 and 5214 indicate the latitude (LAT) of the processing dot.
), the longitude (LON) is determined.

In step 5215, the corresponding pixel data address X on the buffer RAM is determined based on the latitude and longitude of the processing dot.
, find Y. (LL To XI=Prior Art) At step 8216, pixel data in the corresponding buffer RAM is determined. Transfer to work buffer.

In step 5217, the dot number is increased by 1 (set to the next dot).

In step 5218, it is determined whether the l line has ended.

If it is the end of 1 line, the process advances to 5219 and the line number is +1 (set to the next line).

If one line is not completed in step 5218, the process returns to 5212.

After the next line is set in step S2+9, the process goes to step 5220 and determines whether all lines have been completed. If the line has been completed, the process returns; if not, the process returns to step 5212.

By the above operation, the positions on the display screen of dots indicating latitude and longitude that are perpendicular to each other and have intervals that match the size of the displayed map are calculated, and the positions on the display screen are as shown in FIG. The orthogonal latitude and longitude lines shown in are displayed on the map and temperature on the CR7 display device 7.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, according to the present invention, orthogonal latitude lines and longitude lines are displayed on the temperature display screen, making the temperature display screen easier to see.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing flow of the main part of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are flowcharts showing the operation of the noise removal section. , FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of smoothing processing,
6 to 9 are flowcharts illustrating an example of smoothing, FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of temperature level grouping, 11 a to d are diagrams illustrating an example of Laplacian processing of image data, and 12 14 and 16 are flowcharts showing processing for displaying isothermal lines,
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between pixels in the flowchart of FIG. 14, FIGS. 17 and 18 are diagrams showing examples of display, and FIG. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing upper and lower limits of latitude and longitude of coordinates, FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a subroutine in the flowchart of FIG. 19, and FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of displaying coordinate lines on a map.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A display device that receives surface temperature information measured by a satellite and transmitted from the satellite, and uses this surface temperature information to display temperature in units of pixels of a predetermined size by color or density to display a temperature distribution map. What is claimed is: 1. A surface temperature display device for displaying a surface temperature on an image processing device, characterized in that the image processing device is provided with display control means for displaying latitude lines and longitude lines perpendicular to the display screen of the display device.