JPH03126270A - Semiconductor device and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Semiconductor device and manufacture thereof

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Publication number
JPH03126270A
JPH03126270A JP1265481A JP26548189A JPH03126270A JP H03126270 A JPH03126270 A JP H03126270A JP 1265481 A JP1265481 A JP 1265481A JP 26548189 A JP26548189 A JP 26548189A JP H03126270 A JPH03126270 A JP H03126270A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
intermediate layer
compound semiconductor
silicon substrate
gaas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP1265481A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2848866B2 (en
Inventor
Akira Watanabe
暁 渡辺
Yoshifumi Bito
尾藤 喜文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP26548189A priority Critical patent/JP2848866B2/en
Publication of JPH03126270A publication Critical patent/JPH03126270A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2848866B2 publication Critical patent/JP2848866B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a through dislocation and thereby to improve quality by forming an electro-insulative covering layer on a silicon substrate with an intermediate layer of a III-V compound semiconductor interlaid therebetween and by forming a III-V compound semiconductor layer in a plurality of through holes provided in the covering layer. CONSTITUTION:A GaAs layer is made to grow all over a silicon substrate 12, heat treatment is applied to generate a thermal stress in the GaAs layer and thereby an intermediate layer 13 is formed. A covering layer 15 is formed all over this layer and patterned by an etching technique or the like, so as to form through holes 14. In each of the through holes 14, a crystal layer 32 of GaAs is made to grow selectively on the intermediate layer 13, and by using the crystal layer, a P-N junction constituted of AlXGa1-xAs, i.e. an N layer 16 and a P layer 17, are formed. Next, a covering layer 19 and an electrode 20 are formed. Since the crystal layer 32 grows on an intermediate layer 13a wherein the density of a through dislocation is reduced to about 3X10<5>cm<-2>, the density of the through dislocation is reduced to about an order of 10<5>cm<-2> and thus the quality of an array 11 is greatly improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、たとえば発光ダイオードアレイなどの半導体
装置およびその製造方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a semiconductor device such as a light emitting diode array, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[従来の技術] シリコン基板上に化合物半導体層を形成した発光ダイオ
ードが提案され、この構成は2段階成長法により作製さ
れる。すなわち比較的低温にてアモルファス状態の化合
物半導体層をシリコン基板上に形成した後、アニールし
、その後に通常の成長温度にて化合物半導体層を形成す
る技術である。
[Prior Art] A light emitting diode in which a compound semiconductor layer is formed on a silicon substrate has been proposed, and this structure is manufactured by a two-step growth method. That is, this is a technique in which an amorphous compound semiconductor layer is formed on a silicon substrate at a relatively low temperature, annealed, and then a compound semiconductor layer is formed at a normal growth temperature.

このような化合物半導体層の膜厚が4μm以上になると
、シリコンと前記化合物半導体たとえばGaAsとの熱
膨張係数の相違から、GaAs中にクラックが生じると
いう問題点がある。なおシリコンとGaAsの熱膨張係
数はそれぞれ2.5×10−6および5.8X10−’
である。
When the thickness of such a compound semiconductor layer exceeds 4 μm, there is a problem that cracks occur in the GaAs due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between silicon and the compound semiconductor, such as GaAs. The thermal expansion coefficients of silicon and GaAs are 2.5 x 10-6 and 5.8 x 10-', respectively.
It is.

このような問題点を解決するためにシリコン基板上にた
とえば5i02などの電気絶縁性材料から成る被覆層を
所定のパターンに形成し、発光ダイオードアレイを形成
するための所定の部位に透孔を形成し、該透孔内のシリ
コン基板上にGaASを選択的に成長させる方法が提案
されている。
To solve these problems, a coating layer made of an electrically insulating material such as 5i02 is formed on a silicon substrate in a predetermined pattern, and through holes are formed in predetermined locations for forming a light emitting diode array. However, a method has been proposed in which GaAS is selectively grown on the silicon substrate within the through hole.

第5図は、このような方法を説明する断面図である。第
1段階は第5図(1)に示すように、表面処理を行った
シリコン基板1上に5iOzなどから成る電気絶縁性の
被覆層2を全面に形成する。
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating such a method. In the first step, as shown in FIG. 5(1), an electrically insulating coating layer 2 made of 5iOz or the like is formed over the entire surface of a silicon substrate 1 that has undergone surface treatment.

第2段階では第5図(2)に示すように発光ダイオード
アレイの形状に対応して、透孔3を選択的に形成する。
In the second step, as shown in FIG. 5(2), the through holes 3 are selectively formed in accordance with the shape of the light emitting diode array.

第3段階では第5図(3)に示すように、透孔3中のシ
リコン基板1上に、GaAs膜4を選択的に成長させる
。GaAs膜4に熱処理を施した後、P’N接合を有す
る半導体素子を形成して半導体アレイが構成される。
In the third step, as shown in FIG. 5(3), a GaAs film 4 is selectively grown on the silicon substrate 1 in the through hole 3. After heat-treating the GaAs film 4, semiconductor elements having P'N junctions are formed to construct a semiconductor array.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] 上述した従来例によるGaAs膜4には、前記熱処理前
の状態では10”cm−”程度の密度で貫通転位が存在
することが知られている。これに対して、前記熱処理を
施した場合、GaAs膜4が昇温し、該膜4に熱応力が
発生し、これにより、前記貫通転位が減少する。しかし
ながら、シリコン基板1上にG a A s M4を被
覆層2を用いることなく全面に形成した場合、熱処理後
のGaAs膜が貫通転位密度を約3X10@cm−”程
度にまで減少できたのに対し、上記従来例の場合では貫
通転位密度が10’cm−”程度にしか減少できないこ
とが確認された。このような現象は前記被覆層2が、熱
処理によってG a A s膜4に発生する熱応力を阻
害して貫通転位の削減を制限してしまうからであると考
えられる。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] It is known that threading dislocations exist in the GaAs film 4 according to the conventional example described above at a density of about 10"cm-" before the heat treatment. On the other hand, when the heat treatment is performed, the temperature of the GaAs film 4 increases and thermal stress is generated in the film 4, thereby reducing the threading dislocations. However, when GaAs M4 was formed on the entire surface of the silicon substrate 1 without using the covering layer 2, the threading dislocation density of the GaAs film after heat treatment could be reduced to about 3X10@cm-''. On the other hand, in the case of the conventional example described above, it was confirmed that the threading dislocation density could be reduced only to about 10'cm-''. This phenomenon is considered to be because the coating layer 2 inhibits the thermal stress generated in the GaAs film 4 by heat treatment, thereby limiting the reduction of threading dislocations.

本発明の目的は上述の技術的課題を解消し、貫通転位が
減少されて品質が向上される半導体装置およびその製造
方法を提供することである。
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same in which threading dislocations are reduced and quality is improved.

[課題を解決するための手段] 本発明は、シリコン基板上に■−V族化合物半導体から
成る中間層を介して電気絶縁性被覆層を形成するととも
に、該被覆層が複数個の透孔を有し、さらに該透孔内に
■−V族化合物半導体層を形成せしめたことを特徴する
半導体装置である。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention forms an electrically insulating coating layer on a silicon substrate via an intermediate layer made of a ■-V group compound semiconductor, and the coating layer has a plurality of through holes. 1. A semiconductor device characterized in that the semiconductor device has the following structure and further includes a (1)-V group compound semiconductor layer formed in the through hole.

また本発明は、順次下記A工程〜D工程によりシリコン
基板上に■−V族化合物半導体層を形成したことを特徴
とする半導体装置の製造方法である。
The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, characterized in that a -V group compound semiconductor layer is sequentially formed on a silicon substrate by the following steps A to D.

A:シリコン基板上に■−V族化合物半導体から成る中
間層を形成する。
A: An intermediate layer made of a ■-V group compound semiconductor is formed on a silicon substrate.

B:上記中間層を熱処理する。B: The intermediate layer is heat treated.

C:上記中間層の上に複数個を透孔を有する電気絶縁性
被覆層を形成する。
C: An electrically insulating coating layer having a plurality of through holes is formed on the intermediate layer.

D二上記透孔内の中間層上に■−V族化合物半導体層を
形成する。
D2: A -V group compound semiconductor layer is formed on the intermediate layer in the above-mentioned through hole.

[作 用] 本発明に従う半導体装置を製造するには、まずシリコン
基板上に■−V族化合物半導体から成る中間層を形成す
る。中間層を熱処理し、次に中間層上に複数の透孔を有
する電気絶縁性の被覆層を形成する。各透孔内の中間層
上に、■−V族化合物半導体層を形成する。
[Function] To manufacture the semiconductor device according to the present invention, first, an intermediate layer made of a -V group compound semiconductor is formed on a silicon substrate. The intermediate layer is heat treated, and then an electrically insulating covering layer having a plurality of through holes is formed on the intermediate layer. A -V group compound semiconductor layer is formed on the intermediate layer in each through hole.

ここで前記中間層を熱処理することにより、貫通転位密
度が従来例において説明したように、10”cm−”程
度から3×106cm−”程度まで減少できる。一方、
このような中間層上に形成された被覆層の透孔内に形成
された■−V族化合物半導体層は、同一物質である中間
層上に形成されるため、貫通転位密度は中間層の有する
約3X10’cm−”程度にすることができ、従来例と
比較して貫通転位密度を格段に低減することができ、品
質を向上できる。
By heat-treating the intermediate layer, the threading dislocation density can be reduced from about 10 cm to about 3 x 10 cm, as explained in the conventional example. On the other hand,
Since the ■-V group compound semiconductor layer formed in the through hole of the covering layer formed on such an intermediate layer is formed on the intermediate layer of the same material, the threading dislocation density is equal to that of the intermediate layer. It is possible to reduce the threading dislocation density to approximately 3 x 10'cm-'', thereby significantly reducing the threading dislocation density and improving quality compared to the conventional example.

[実施例] 第1図は、本発明半導体装置の一実施例である発光ダイ
オードアレイ(以下、アレイと略称する)11の断面図
である。第1図を参照して、アレイ11について説明す
る。アレイ11はシリコン基板12上に全面に亘って形
成されるたとえばGaAsなどの■−■族化合物半導体
から成る中間層13を有する。前記中間層13の層厚t
は、たとえば1〜3μmに選ばれる。この中間層13上
には、製造されるアレイ11の仕様に従って透孔14を
有する被覆層15がパターン形成される。
[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a light emitting diode array (hereinafter abbreviated as array) 11 which is an embodiment of the semiconductor device of the present invention. The array 11 will be explained with reference to FIG. The array 11 has an intermediate layer 13 formed over the entire surface of a silicon substrate 12 and made of a 1-2 group compound semiconductor such as GaAs. Layer thickness t of the intermediate layer 13
is selected, for example, from 1 to 3 μm. A covering layer 15 having through holes 14 is patterned on this intermediate layer 13 according to the specifications of the array 11 to be manufactured.

透孔14内の中間層13上にPNN接金形成するnJi
l16およびp M 17がそれぞれ形成される。
nJi formed by PNN welding on the intermediate layer 13 in the through hole 14
l16 and pM17 are formed, respectively.

前記0層16はたとえばn−Alw Ga+ −x A
Sから成り、9層17はp−A、1 x Ga、 −A
s (0<x<1)から成る。p屑17上にはp−Ga
Asから成る接続層18が形成される。接続118の上
面を除く残余の領域に、前記S i 02などから成る
被覆層19が全面に形成される。この被覆層19上に接
続層18と電気的に接続される電8i!20が形成され
る。
The 0 layer 16 is, for example, n-Alw Ga+ -x A
S, 9 layers 17 are p-A, 1 x Ga, -A
s (0<x<1). p-Ga on p-waste 17
A connection layer 18 made of As is formed. A covering layer 19 made of the above-mentioned S i 02 or the like is formed entirely on the remaining area except for the upper surface of the connection 118 . An electric wire 8i! electrically connected to the connection layer 18 on this covering layer 19! 20 is formed.

第2図は第1図示のアレイ11を製造するに用いられる
有機金属を用いて化学的気相成長を行う製造装置(以下
、MOCVD装置と略す)21の構成を示す系統図であ
る。第2図を参照して、MOCVD装置f2装置及21
22内にはサセプタ23が配置され、その上にシリコン
基板12が乗載される8反応管22には高周波コイル2
4が巻回されており、図示しない高周波電源から高周波
電力が供給されて、サセプタ23が誘導加熱される。
FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing the configuration of a manufacturing apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as MOCVD apparatus) 21 that performs chemical vapor phase growth using an organic metal and is used to manufacture the array 11 shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, MOCVD equipment f2 equipment and 21
A susceptor 23 is disposed inside the susceptor 22, and a high frequency coil 2 is installed in the 8 reaction tube 22 on which the silicon substrate 12 is mounted.
4 is wound around the susceptor 23, and high frequency power is supplied from a high frequency power source (not shown) to heat the susceptor 23 by induction.

上記反応管22に連通される管路25には、たとえば水
素ガスなどのキャリアガスが供給され、また流量調整弁
26.27.28を介してTMA(トリメチルアルミニ
ウム)発生装置29、TMG()リメチルガリウム)発
生装置30およびAsH=発生装置31がそれぞれ接続
される。
A carrier gas such as hydrogen gas is supplied to a pipe line 25 communicating with the reaction tube 22, and a TMA (trimethylaluminum) generator 29 and a TMG () Methyl gallium) generator 30 and AsH= generator 31 are connected, respectively.

第3図はMOCVD装置21を用いてアレイ11を製造
する際の製造工程を示す流れ図であり、第4図はこの製
造工程を示す断面図ある。これらの図面を併せて参照し
て、アレイ11の製造工程について説明する。第3図ス
テップa1では、シリコン基板12上にGaAs1lを
全面に亘って成長させる。この段階は第2図のMOCV
D装置21を用いて行われる。
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process for manufacturing the array 11 using the MOCVD apparatus 21, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing this manufacturing process. The manufacturing process of the array 11 will be described with reference to these drawings. In step a1 of FIG. 3, GaAs 11 is grown over the entire surface of the silicon substrate 12. As shown in FIG. This stage is the MOCV shown in Figure 2.
This is carried out using the D device 21.

すなわち反応管22内のサセプタ23上にシリコン基板
12を乗載し、所定のサーマルクリーニングを施した後
、TMGとAsH,とを反応管22内に所定流量ずつ導
入して、アモルファス状態のGaAs層を膜厚1〜3μ
m、好適には1.2〜2μm、!&適には1.3〜1.
7μmの範囲内に成長させる。この状態のG a A 
s層には10’ctrl”程度の密度で貫通転位が存在
する。ステップa2で゛はこのアモルファス状態のGa
As層に熱処理を加え、GaAs層に熱応力を発生させ
て貫通転位密度を10’cm−”程度にまで減少させ、
第4図(1)に示すように中間層13を形成する。
That is, the silicon substrate 12 is mounted on the susceptor 23 in the reaction tube 22, and after performing a prescribed thermal cleaning, TMG and AsH are introduced into the reaction tube 22 at a prescribed flow rate to form an amorphous GaAs layer. Film thickness 1~3μ
m, preferably 1.2 to 2 μm,! & Suitably 1.3 to 1.
It is grown within a range of 7 μm. G a A in this state
Threading dislocations exist in the s layer at a density of about 10'ctrl''. In step a2,
Heat treatment is applied to the As layer to generate thermal stress in the GaAs layer, reducing the threading dislocation density to about 10'cm-''.
The intermediate layer 13 is formed as shown in FIG. 4(1).

上記熱処理には1回だけ加熱する場合、もしくは複数回
の加熱を行うヒートサイクルの場合がある。前者の場合
であれば、1000℃以下、好適には700〜950℃
の温度範囲内で加熱すればよい、 f&者の場合であれ
ば、850℃以下の加熱温度で、たとえば25℃との間
で複数回(一般には2〜5回のヒートサイクル数である
)繰り退し加熱すればよい。
The above-mentioned heat treatment may include heating only once or a heat cycle in which heating is performed multiple times. In the former case, the temperature is 1000°C or less, preferably 700 to 950°C.
In the case of f&, it is sufficient to heat within the temperature range of Just let it cool and heat it up.

ステップa3では、中間層13上に第4図(2)に示す
被覆層15を全面に亘って形成し、ステップa4では、
たとえばエツチング技術などにより第4図(3)に示す
ように被覆層15をパターン化し、透孔14を形成する
。ステップa5では、上記透孔14内で中間層13上に
GaAsから成る結晶層32を第4図(4)に示すよう
に選択的に成長させる。
In step a3, a coating layer 15 shown in FIG. 4(2) is formed over the entire surface of the intermediate layer 13, and in step a4,
For example, the coating layer 15 is patterned using an etching technique as shown in FIG. 4(3) to form through holes 14. In step a5, a crystal layer 32 made of GaAs is selectively grown on the intermediate layer 13 within the through hole 14 as shown in FIG. 4(4).

ステップa6では、上記結晶層32を用いてA1 * 
G a l−A sから成るPN接合を形成する。
In step a6, using the crystal layer 32, A1*
A PN junction consisting of Gal-As is formed.

すなわち第1図の0層16および9層17を形成する。That is, the 0 layer 16 and the 9 layer 17 shown in FIG. 1 are formed.

ステップa7では被覆層19を形成し、ステップa8で
は電極20を形成する。このようにしてアレイ11が形
成される。
In step a7, the covering layer 19 is formed, and in step a8, the electrode 20 is formed. In this way, array 11 is formed.

このようにして形成されたアレイ11において、結晶層
32は、貫通転位密度が3X10’ cm2程度まで低
減された中間PM 13 a上に成長するため、貫通転
位密度が10’ cm−”のオーダー程度まで低減され
ていることが本件発明者によって確認された。これによ
り製造されるアレイ11の品質を格段に向上することが
できる。
In the array 11 formed in this manner, the crystal layer 32 grows on the intermediate PM 13 a whose threading dislocation density is reduced to about 3×10′ cm2, so that the threading dislocation density is on the order of 10′ cm−”. The inventor of the present invention has confirmed that this has been reduced to 50%.As a result, the quality of the manufactured array 11 can be significantly improved.

[発明の効果] 以上のように本発明に従えば、中間層を熱処理すること
により、貫通転位密度が従来例において説明したように
、10’cm〜2程度から3×10’ cm−2程度ま
で減少できる。このような中間層上に形成された被覆層
の透孔内に形°成された■−V族化合物半導体層は、同
一物質である中間層上に形成されるため、貫通転位密度
は中間層の有する約3X10’ crn−’程度にする
ことができ、従来例と比較して貫通転位密度を格段に低
減することができ、品質を向上できる。
[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by heat-treating the intermediate layer, the threading dislocation density can be reduced from about 10' cm to about 3 x 10' cm-2, as explained in the conventional example. can be reduced to Since the ■-V group compound semiconductor layer formed in the through hole of the covering layer formed on such an intermediate layer is formed on the intermediate layer of the same material, the threading dislocation density is lower than that of the intermediate layer. It is possible to reduce the threading dislocation density to approximately 3×10'crn-' as compared with the conventional example, and to improve quality.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明のアレイ11の断面図、第2図はアレイ
11を製造する際に用いられるMOCVD装置21の系
統図、第3図は本実施例の製造工程を説明する流れ図、
第4図は製造工程を説明する断面図、第5図は従来例の
製造工程を説明する断面図である。 11・・・アレイ、12・・・シリコン基板、13・・
・中間層、14・・・透孔、15・・・被覆層、21・
・・MOCVD装置、32・・・結晶層
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the array 11 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the MOCVD apparatus 21 used in manufacturing the array 11, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart explaining the manufacturing process of this embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating the manufacturing process, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view illustrating the manufacturing process of a conventional example. 11...Array, 12...Silicon substrate, 13...
・Intermediate layer, 14... Through hole, 15... Covering layer, 21.
・・MOCVD apparatus, 32 ・・Crystal layer

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)シリコン基板上にIII−V族化合物半導体から成
る中間層を介して電気絶縁性被覆層を形成するとともに
、該被覆層が複数個の透孔を有し、さらに該透孔内にI
II−V族化合物半導体層を形成せしめたことを特徴する
半導体装置。
(1) An electrically insulating coating layer is formed on a silicon substrate via an intermediate layer made of a III-V compound semiconductor, and the coating layer has a plurality of through holes, and furthermore, an I
A semiconductor device characterized in that a II-V group compound semiconductor layer is formed.
(2)順次下記A工程〜D工程によりシリコン基板上に
III−V族化合物半導体層を形成したことを特徴とする
半導体装置の製造方法。 A:シリコン基板上にIII−V族化合物半導体から成る
中間層を形成する。 B:上記中間層を熱処理する。 C:上記中間層の上に複数個を透孔を有する電気絶縁性
被覆層を形成する。 D:上記透孔内の中間層上にIII−V族化合物半導体層
を形成する。
(2) On the silicon substrate by sequentially following steps A to D.
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, characterized in that a III-V group compound semiconductor layer is formed. A: An intermediate layer made of a III-V compound semiconductor is formed on a silicon substrate. B: The intermediate layer is heat treated. C: An electrically insulating coating layer having a plurality of through holes is formed on the intermediate layer. D: A III-V compound semiconductor layer is formed on the intermediate layer in the through hole.
JP26548189A 1989-10-11 1989-10-11 Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP2848866B2 (en)

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